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3. Fluctuations of the Universidad Glacier in the Andes of central Chile (34° S) during the latest Holocene derived from a 10Be moraine chronology

Author

Fernández-Navarro, Hans, García, Juan-Luis, Nussbaumer, Samuel U, Tikhomirov, Dmitry, Pérez, Francia, Gärtner-Roer, Isabelle, Christl, Marcus, Egli, Markus, and University of Zurich

Subjects
Archeology, Global and Planetary Change, 10122 Institute of Geography, Ecology, Behavior and Systematics, Evolution, Geology, 910 Geography & travel, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published
2023

4. Tracking the origin of trace metals in a watershed by identifying fingerprints of soils, landscape and river sediments

Author

Derakhshan-Babaei, Farzaneh, Mirchooli, Fahimeh, Mohammadi, Maziar, Nosrati, Kazem, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, and Mohammadi, Maziar

Subjects
Geologic Sediments, Environmental Engineering, Pollution, 2311 Waste Management and Disposal, Trace Elements, Soil, 10122 Institute of Geography, 2305 Environmental Engineering, Rivers, 2304 Environmental Chemistry, 2310 Pollution, Water Quality, Environmental Chemistry, 910 Geography & travel, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The identification of the spatial distribution of soil trace-elements and the contribution of different sources to the sediment yield is necessary for a better watershed and river water quality management. Until now, less attention has been paid to comprehensive assessments of sediment sources and soil trace-elements with respect to the suspended sediment production. The present study aimed at modelling the spatial distribution of soil trace-elements, quantifying the sediment sources apportionment and relating the landforms to polluted soils. Different techniques and approaches such as the Nemerow pollution index, machine learning algorithms (Random Forest (RF), generalised boosting methods (GBM), generalised linear models (GLM) and sediment fingerprinting were applied to the Kan watershed. A total of 79 soil samples having different Nemerow index values were considered for spatial modelling. Using statistical methods (Range test, Kruskal-Wallis and discrimination function analysis), an optimal set of tracers was selected. An unmixing model was applied to calculate the relative contribution of landforms for eight rainfall events. The results of the soil trace-element mapping showed that RF had the best performance with an accuracy of 83%. The evaluation of polluted soil areas showed that the landforms 'steep hills' and 'valley' contributed the most with 51% and 27% in the riparian zone, respectively. In addition, these landforms give a high contribution to sediment production in late-winter-spring events (29%) with a GOF (goodness of fit) of 0.65. The landform 'plain' had the highest contribution (28%) in sediment yield with a GOF of 0.72 in early-winter events. This means that the valley and steep hill landforms accelerate the transport of trace-elements across the watershed. Interestingly, the contribution of landforms varies during the year. Overall, the new proposed approach enables to better trace the origin of suspended sediments and trace-elements discharge into the river environment.

Published
2022

5. Dynamic soils

Author

Egli, Markus, Dahms, Dennis, University of Zurich, and Hillel, Daniel

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2022

7. Book of Abstracts - vDEUQUA2021

Author

Abadi, Mehrdad, Abbasi, Hamidreza, Abd El-Raouf, Amr, Abdulkarim, Mubarak, Adolph, Marie-Luise, Aeschbach, Werner, Akçar, Naki, Amini, Hamideh, Andreev, Andrej, Anselmetti, Flavio S., Aumaître, Georges, Avendaño Villeda, Diana, Bartz, Melanie, Baumhauer, Roland, Bazarradnaa, Enkhtuya, Bebiolka, Anke, Behling, Hermann, Benkaddour, Abdelfattah, Binot, Franz, Birlo, Stella, Bittner, Lucas, Bliedtner, Marcel, Bolland, Alexander, Bork, Hans-Rudolf, Bouaziz, Moncef, Bourlès, Didier, Brauer, Achim, Breuer, Sonja, Bromm, Tobias, Buechi, Marius W., Burghardt, Diana, Busch, Robert, Caballero, Margarita, Carr, Andrew S., Chapkanski, Stoil, Christl, Marcus, Cosac, Marian, Dal Corso, Marta, Daniel, Thomas, Dar, Reyaz, Dave, Aditi Krishna, De Jonge, Cindy, Deplazes, Gaudenz, Dietze, Elisabeth, Dietze, Michael, Dietzel, Martin, Dreibrodt, Stefan, Drysdale, Russell, du Plessis, Nadia, Dubois, Nathalie, Duller, Geoff, Duttmann, Rainer, Duval, Mathieu, Döhlert-Albani, Norman, Egli, Markus, Einwögerer, Thomas, Elbracht, Jörg, Enters, Dirk, Enzel, Yehouda, Ertlen, Damien, Farkas, Beáta, Fattahi, Morteza, Faust, Dominik, Faybishenko, Boris, Feistmantl, Nina, Fernandez, Philippe, Ferrier, Catherine, Fiedler, Sabine, Fischer, Birgit, Fischer, Peter, Fitzsimmons, Kathryn, Fletcher, William, Frechen, Manfred, Fuchs, Margret C., Fuchs, Markus, Fuelling, Alexander, Fábián, Szabolcs, Fülling, Alexander, Garbe, Philipp, Gebhardt, Catalina, Gegg, Lukas, Geis, Anna-Lena, Geitner, Clemens, Ghanbarian, Behzad, Gianotti, Franco, Gil Romera, Graciela, Glaser, Bruno, Glückler, Ramesh, Gresina, Fruzsina, Grootes, Pieter Meiert, Guadelli, Aleta, Guadelli, Jean-Luc, Guérin, Guillaume, Haas, Jean Nicolas, Haberzettl, Torsten, Hambach, Ulrich, Hardt, Jacob, Hein, Michael, Heinrich, Hartmut, Heinrich, Susann, Herzschuh, Ulrike, Heydari, Maryam, Hildebrandt, Dominic, Hirschmann, Philip, Hofmann, Felix Martin, Hofmann, Robert, Hogrefe, Ines, Huang, Jyh-Jaan Steven, Hunt, Allen, Händel, Marc, Ivy-Ochs, Susan, Jary, Zdzisław, Jeanneret, Pilar, Jöris, Olaf, Kalicki, Tomasz, Kamleitner, Sarah, Karaschewski, Jasmin, Keddadouche, Karim, Kehl, Martin, Kern, Zoltán, Kertscher, Cathleen, Khatooni, Darvish, Khosravichenar, Azra, Kipfer, Rolf, Kirchner, André, Kirleis, Wiebke, Klaes, Björn, Knitter, Daniel, Kolb, Thomas, Konstantinovski Puntos, Cyryl, Kreienbrink, Frauke, Kreutzer, Sebastian, Kulongoski, Justin, Laag, Christian, Labahn, Jakob, Lachner, Johannes, Lak, Razyeh, Lamb, Henry F., Lampe, Reinhard, Lang, Jörg, Lange-Athinodorou, Eva, Lauer, Tobias, Leanni, Laetitia, Leblanc, Jean-Claude, Lee, An-Sheng, Lehmkuhl, Frank, Lempe, Bernhard, Lerch, Marcel, Liou, Sofia Ya Hsuan, Lisa, Lenka, Liu, Zuorui, Lomax, Johanna, Lorenz, Sebastian, Lozano García, Socorro, Madarász, Balázs, Madritsch, Herfried, Maier, Andreas, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Markovic, Slobodan, Martinez Abarca, Luis Rodrigo, Marx, Samuel, May, Jan-Hendrik, Mayr, Christoph, Meister, Julia, Merchel, Silke, Meszner, Sascha, Meyer, Juliane, Mikdad, Abdeslam, Milevski, Ivica, Mir, Jehangeer, Mischke, Steffen, Mohammadi, Ali, Monegato, Giovanni, Moreiras, Stella, Mueller, Daniela, Muratoreanu, George, Müller, Daniela, Müller, Johannes, Nadeau, Marie-Josée, Nett, Janina, Neugebauer, Ina, Ng, Jessica, Nill, Leon, Nir, Nadav, Ohlendorf, Christian, Opp, Christian, Orgeira, Maria, Ortega Guerrero, Beatriz, Pasda, Clemens, Pasda, Kerstin, Penkman, Kirsty, Peric, Zoran, Pichat, Sylvain, Piller, Werner, Polgar, Irene, Prendergast, Amy, Preusser, Frank, Prud'homme, Charlotte, Pötter, Stephan, Quick, Lynne J., Rambeau, Claire, Reichert, Markus, Reimann, Tony, Reiss, Lilian, Roettig, Christopher-Bastian, Rolf, Christian, Russell, James, Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger, Zsófia, Ryzner, Kamila, Sahakyan, Lilit, Salazar, Gary, Salomon, Ferréol, Sardar Abadi, Mehrdad, Sarı, Selma, Scardia, Giancarlo, Schiestl, Robert, Schimmelpfennig, Irene, Schirmer, Wolfgang, Schmidt, Christoph, Schmidt, Johannes, Schmitt, Laurent, Schneider, Birgit, Schulte, Philipp, Schulze, Tabea, Schunke, Torsten, Schwab, Markus J., Schwahn, Lea, Schwamborn, Georg, Schwark, Lorenz, Schäfer, Dieter, Schütt, Brigitta, Seltzer, Alan, Selzer, Johnnes, Severinghaus, Jeffrey, Shah, Rayees, Simon, Ulrich, Sirakov, Nikolay, Sirakova, Svoboda, Sontag-González, Mariana, Sprafke, Tobias, Stahlschmidt, Mareike, Stauber, Theresa, Steier, Peter, Steiner, Martin, Stojakowits, Philipp, Strobel, Paul, Stroessner, Kathrin, Struck, Julian, Stute, Martin, Stutzriemer, Marika, Stäuble, Harald, Szidat, Sönke, Taneva, Stanimira, Tanner, David, ASTER, Team, Temovski, Marjan, Tinapp, Christian, Tjallingii, Rik, Trappe, Julian, Tylmann, Wojciech, Ulfers, Arne, Ullmann, Tobias, Urban, Brigitte, van Meer, Mike, Varga, György, Veres, Daniel, Verstraeten, Gert, Videiko, Michail, Vinnepand, Mathias, Vockenhuber, Christof, Vogel, Hendrik, Voigt, Silke, von Suchodoletz, Hans, Vött, Andreas, Weiß, Marcel, Werther, Lukas, Wolf, Daniel, Wonik, Thomas, Wrozyna, Claudia, Wunderlich, Tina, Zech, Michael, Zech, Roland, Zeeden, Christian, Zielhofer, Christoph, Zolitschka, Bernd, Zöller, Ludwig, Żurek, Krzysztof, von Suchodoletz, Hans, Dietze, Elisabeth, Dietze, Michael, Meister, Julia, Wrozyna, Claudia, Zeeden, Christian, Kreutzer, Sebastian, and Hildebrandt, Dominic

Subjects
Quaternary, Conference abstracts, Geoscience
Abstract

Collection of conference abstracts presented at the vDEUQUA2021 (2021-09-30 to 2021-09-01), the virtual meeting of the German Quaternary Association (DEUQUA).

Published
2021
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8. Soil denudation rates in an old‐growth mountain temperate forest driven by tree uprooting dynamics, Central Europe

Author

Šamonil, Pavel, Egli, Markus, Steinert, Teresa, Norton, Kevin, Abiven, Samuel, Daněk, Pavel, Hort, Libor, Brandová, Dagmar, Christl, Marcus, Tikhomirov, Dmitry, University of Zurich, and Egli, Markus

Subjects
2300 General Environmental Science, 10122 Institute of Geography, 3303 Development, 2304 Environmental Chemistry, Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry, 910 Geography & travel, Development, 1111 Soil Science, General Environmental Science
Published
2020

9. Modeling spatial patterns of humus forms in montane and subalpine forests

Author

Hellwig, Niels, Tatti, Dylan, Sartori, Giacomo, Anschlag, Kerstin, Graefe, Ulfert, Egli, Markus, Gobat, Jean-Michel, and Broll, Gabriele (Prof. Dr.)

Subjects
ddc:690, Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie
Abstract

Humus forms are a distinctive morphological indicator of soil organic matter decomposition. The spatial distribution of humus forms depends on environmental factors such as topography, climate and vegetation. In montane and subalpine forests, environmental influences show a high spatial heterogeneity, which is reflected by a high spatial variability of humus forms. This study aims at examining spatial patterns of humus forms and their dependence on the spatial scale in a high mountain forest environment (Val di Sole/Val di Rabbi, Trentino, Italian Alps). On the basis of the distributions of environmental covariates across the study area, we described humus forms at the local scale (six sampling sites), slope scale (60 sampling sites) and landscape scale (30 additional sampling sites). The local variability of humus forms was analyzed with regard to the ground cover type. At the slope and landscape scale, spatial patterns of humus forms were modeled applying random forests and ordinary kriging of the model residuals. The results indicate that the occurrence of the humus form classes Mull, Mullmoder, Moder, Amphi and Eroded Moder generally depends on the topographical position. Local-scale patterns are mostly related to micro-topography (local accumulation and erosion sites) and ground cover, whereas slope-scale patterns are mainly connected with slope exposure and elevation. Patterns at the landscape scale show a rather irregular distribution, as spatial models at this scale do not account for local to slope-scale variations of humus forms. Moreover, models at the slope scale perform distinctly better than at the landscape scale. In conclusion, the results of this study highlight that landscape-scale predictions of humus forms should be accompanied by local- and slope-scale studies in order to enhance the general understanding of humus form patterns.

Published
2021

10. Origins and insights into the historic Judean date palm based on genetic analysis of germinated ancient seeds and morphometric studies

Author

Sallon, Sarah, Cherif, Emira, Chabrillange, Nathalie, Solowey, Elaine, Gros-Balthazard, Muriel, Ivorra, Sarah, Terral, Jean-Frédéric, Egli, Markus, Aberlenc, Frédérique, University of Zurich, and Sallon, Sarah

Subjects
1000 Multidisciplinary, 10122 Institute of Geography, food and beverages, 910 Geography & travel
Abstract

Germination of 2000-year-old seeds of Phoenix dactylifera from Judean desert archaeological sites provides a unique opportunity to study the Judean date palm, described in antiquity for the quality, size, and medicinal properties of its fruit, but lost for centuries. Microsatellite genotyping of germinated seeds indicates that exchanges of genetic material occurred between the Middle East (eastern) and North Africa (western) date palm gene pools, with older seeds exhibiting a more eastern nuclear genome on a gradient from east to west of genetic contributions. Ancient seeds were significantly longer and wider than modern varieties, supporting historical records of the large size of the Judean date. These findings, in accord with the region's location between east and west date palm gene pools, suggest that sophisticated agricultural practices may have contributed to the Judean date's historical reputation. Given its exceptional storage potentialities, the date palm is a remarkable model for seed longevity research.

Published
2020

12. An extra-urban soil cadastre for Italy: a first guide for the introduction of soil information

Author

Raimondi, Salvatore, Puccio, Davide, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, Salvatore Raimondi, Davide Puccio, and Markus Egli

Subjects
Soil and anthropic action, Extra-urban Soil Cadastre, Hydrogeological Disturbance of the soil and pedological nomenclature, Hydrogeological Disturbance of the soil and Environmental Sustainability, soil and anthropic action, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 02 engineering and technology, extra-urban soil cadastre, Soil cadastre, Soil information, Reference soils, Sustainability, 10122 Institute of Geography, lcsh:Environmental pollution, Settore AGR/14 - Pedologia, hydrogeological disturbance of the soil and pedological nomenclature, lcsh:TD172-193.5, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, hydrogeological disturbance of the soil and environmental sustainability, 910 Geography & travel
Abstract

Assuming a positive outcome of the parliamentary procedure for laws and, thus, the transformation of the official cadastre for buildings and land into a soil cadastre (urban, extra-urban and cadastre for the conservation of natural or semi-natural soil diversity) would start a new era for pedology. Finally, after many decades of activity to expand soil culture in Italy, almost all Italian families would be in contact with a soil specialist. Land use and redefined plots would be handled with greater care and responsibility. Experts in agricultural and forestry and biodiversity conservation would have a new impetus in their activity. Furthermore, economists will also have to address new issues. The aim of this work was to analyse how to meet the needs of a future Cadastre with respect to soil information both from a descriptive (Cadastral Certificate) and a cartographic point of view and to outline a practical guideline for future technicians who will be in charge of maintaining and updating the soil information system. To this end, we used the area of Caccamo (Sicily) and its soilscape as an example to put this concept into practice. On the one hand, this contribution aims at stimulating the start of a scientific-technical debate and, on the other hand, to give practical indications for the solution of the problem., EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol 39 (2020)

Published
2020

13. The 10Be deglaciation chronology of the Göschenertal, central Swiss Alps, and new insights into the Göschenen Cold Phases

Author

Boxleitner, Max, Ivy‐Ochs, Susan, Egli, Markus, Brandová, Dagmar, Christl, Marcus, Dahms, Dennis, Maisch, Max, University of Zurich, and Boxleitner, Max

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Archaeology, Ecology, Behavior and Systematics, Evolution, Geology, 1204 Archeology (arts and humanities), 910 Geography & travel, 1907 Geology
Published
2019

14. Modeling spatial patterns of humus forms in montane and subalpine forests: Implications of local variability for upscaling

Author

Hellwig, Niels, Tatti, Dylan, Sartori, Giacomo, Anschlag, Kerstin, Graefe, Ulfert, Egli, Markus, Gobat, Jean-Michel, Broll, Gabriele, University of Zurich, and Hellwig, Niels

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, Planning and Development, Sustainability and the Environment, Geography, Monitoring, Policy and Law, lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants, lcsh:TJ807-830, lcsh:Renewable energy sources, 2105 Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Italian Alps, forest soils, Management, lcsh:TD194-195, spatial modeling, 10122 Institute of Geography, multi-scale analysis, 3305 Geography, Planning and Development, 2308 Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Renewable Energy, 910 Geography & travel, soil organic matter decomposition, 690 Hausbau, Bauhandwerk, lcsh:Environmental sciences, random forest
Abstract

Humus forms are a distinctive morphological indicator of soil organic matter decomposition. The spatial distribution of humus forms depends on environmental factors such as topography, climate and vegetation. In montane and subalpine forests, environmental influences show a high spatial heterogeneity, which is reflected by a high spatial variability of humus forms. This study aims at examining spatial patterns of humus forms and their dependence on the spatial scale in a high mountain forest environment (Val di Sole/Val di Rabbi, Trentino, Italian Alps). On the basis of the distributions of environmental covariates across the study area, we described humus forms at the local scale (six sampling sites), slope scale (60 sampling sites) and landscape scale (30 additional sampling sites). The local variability of humus forms was analyzed with regard to the ground cover type. At the slope and landscape scale, spatial patterns of humus forms were modeled applying random forests and ordinary kriging of the model residuals. The results indicate that the occurrence of the humus form classes Mull, Mullmoder, Moder, Amphi and Eroded Moder generally depends on the topographical position. Local-scale patterns are mostly related to micro-topography (local accumulation and erosion sites) and ground cover, whereas slope-scale patterns are mainly connected with slope exposure and elevation. Patterns at the landscape scale show a rather irregular distribution, as spatial models at this scale do not account for local to slope-scale variations of humus forms. Moreover, models at the slope scale perform distinctly better than at the landscape scale. In conclusion, the results of this study highlight that landscape-scale predictions of humus forms should be accompanied by local- and slope-scale studies in order to enhance the general understanding of humus form patterns., Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1128

Published
2018

16. Denudation variability of the Sila Massif upland (Italy) from decades to millennia using 10Be and 239+240Pu

Author

Raab, Gerald, Scarciglia, Fabio, Norton, Kevin, Dahms, Dennis, Brandová, Dagmar, de Castro Portes, Raquel, Christl, Marcus, Ketterer, Michael E, Ruppli, Annina, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, and Raab, Gerald

Subjects
2300 General Environmental Science, 10122 Institute of Geography, 3303 Development, 2304 Environmental Chemistry, Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry, 910 Geography & travel, Development, 1111 Soil Science, General Environmental Science
Published
2018

17. Timing of rockfalls in the Mont Blanc massif (Western Alps): evidence from surface exposure dating with cosmogenic 10Be

Author

Gallach, Xavi, Ravanel, Ludovic, Egli, Markus, Brandová, Dagmar, Schaepman, Michael E, Christl, Marcus, Gruber, Stephan, Deline, Philip, Carcaillet, Julien, Pallandre, François, University of Zurich, and Gallach, Xavi

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 1909 Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 910 Geography & travel, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
Published
2018

18. Soil formation and weathering in a permafrost environment of the Swiss Alps: a multi-parameter and non-steady-state approach

Author

Zollinger, Barbara, Alewell, Christine, Kneisel, Christof, Brandová, Dagmar, Petrillo, Marta, Plötze, Michael, Christl, Marcus, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, and Egli, Markus

Subjects
Planning and Development, 10122 Institute of Geography, 3305 Geography, Planning and Development, Surface Processes, Geography, 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 1904 Earth-Surface Processes, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Earth, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2017

19. Evolution of soil erosion rates in alpine soils of the Central Rocky Mountains using fallout Pu and δ13 C

Author

Portes, Raquel, Dahms, Dennis, Brandová, Dagmar, Raab, Gerald, Christl, Marcus, Kühn, Peter, Ketterer, Michael, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, and Portes, Raquel

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, Geophysics, 1912 Space and Planetary Science, Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 1906 Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 910 Geography & travel, 1908 Geophysics
Published
2018

20. Impact of slope exposure on chemical and microbiological properties of Norway spruce deadwood and underlying soil during early stages of decomposition in the Italian Alps

Author

Bardelli, Tommaso, Ascher-Jenull, Judith, Burkia Stocker, Evelyn, Fornasier, Flavio, Arfaioli, Paola, Fravolini, Giulia, Alves Medeiros, Layzza Roberta, Egli, Markus, Pietramellara, Giacomo, Insam, Heribert, Gómez-Brandón, María, University of Zurich, and Bardelli, Tommaso

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, Surface Processes, 1904 Earth-Surface Processes, Earth, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2018

21. Palaeoclimate, glacier and treeline reconstruction based on geomorphic evidences in the Mongun-Taiga massif (south-eastern Russian Altai) during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene

Author

Ganyushkin, Dmitry, Chistyakov, Kirill, Volkov, Ilya, Bantcev, Dmitry, Kunaeva, Elena, Brandová, Dagmar, Raab, Gerald, Christl, Marcus, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, and Ganyushkin, Dmitry

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, Surface Processes, 1904 Earth-Surface Processes, Earth, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2018

22. Identifying slope processes over time and their imprint in soils of medium-high mountains of Central Europe (the Karkonosze Mountains, Poland)

Author

Waroszewski, Jaroslaw, Egli, Markus, Brandová, Dagmar, Christl, Marcus, Kabala, Cezary, Malkiewicz, Malgorzata, Kierczak, Jakub, Glina, Bartłomiej, Jezierski, Paweł, University of Zurich, and Waroszewski, Jaroslaw

Subjects
Planning and Development, 10122 Institute of Geography, 3305 Geography, Planning and Development, Surface Processes, Geography, 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 1904 Earth-Surface Processes, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Earth, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2018

24. Timing of rockfalls in the Mont Blanc massif (Western Alps) : evidence from surface exposure dating with cosmogenic 10Be

Author

Gallach, Xavi, Egli, Markus, Brandova, Dagmar, Schaepman, Michael, Christl, Marcus, Gruber, Stefan, Deline, Philip, Carcaillet, Julien, Pallandre, François, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Geography [Zürich], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Ecole nationale de ski et d'alpinisme, and EDYTEM, Océane Giorda

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Rockfalls and rock avalanches are a recurrent process in high mountain areas like the Mont Blanc massif. These processes are surveyed due to the hazard they present for infrastructure and alpinists. While rockfalls and rock avalanches have been documented for the last 150 years, we know very little about their frequency since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In order to improve our understanding, it is imperative to date them on a longer timescale. A pilot campaign using Terrestrial Cosmogenic Nuclide (TCN) dating of five samples was carried out in 2006 at the Aiguille du Midi (3842 m a.s.l.). In 2011, a larger scale study (20 samples) was carried out in five other test sites in the Mont Blanc massif. This paper presents the exposure ages of the 2011 TCN study as well as the updated exposure ages of the 2006 study using newer TCN dating parameters. Most of these exposure ages lie within the Holocene but three ages are Pleistocene (59.87 ± 6.10 ka for the oldest). A comparison of these ages with air temperature and glacier cover proxies explored the possible relationship between the most active rockfall periods and the warmest periods of the Holocene: two clusters of exposure ages have been detected, corresponding to the Middle Holocene (8.2–4.2 ka) and the Roman Warm Period (c. 2 ka) climate periods. Some recent rockfalls have also been dated (

Published
2018

25. Origin of clay minerals in Early Eocene volcanic paleosols on King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Author

Spinola, Diogo Noses, Pi-Puig, Teresa, Solleiro-Rebolledo, Elizabeth, Egli, Markus, Sudo, Masafumi, Sedov, Sergey, Kühn, Peter, University of Zurich, and Spinola, Diogo Noses

Subjects
1000 Multidisciplinary, 10122 Institute of Geography, Science, Medicine, Institut für Geowissenschaften, 910 Geography & travel, Article
Abstract

The paleoclimate during the Early Eocene in Maritime Antarctica is characterized by cool conditions without a pronounced dry season. Soils formed on volcanic material under such climate conditions in modern analogue environments are usually Andosols rich in nanocrystalline minerals without pedogenic smectite. The paleosols formed on volcanic material on King Georges Island are covered by basalts, dated by 6 new 40Ar/39Ar datings to 51–48 Ma, and are rich in smectite. A pedogenic origin of the smectites would suggest a semi-arid rather than a wet non-seasonal humid paleoclimate. To investigate the origin of the smectites in these paleosols we used X-ray diffraction and microscopic techniques. Minor mineralogical changes between the volcanic parent material and the paleosols and a homogenous distribution of smectites throughout the paleosol horizons indicate that these smectites were mainly inherited from the pyroclastic parent material, which was altered prior to surficial weathering. Nevertheless, the mineralogical properties, such as degree of crystallinity and octahedral site occupancy, of these smectites were modified during the ancient soil formation. Our findings highlight that trioctahedral smectites were a product of deuteric alteration of pyroclastic rocks and were progressively transformed to dioctahedral smectites during weathering in a soil environment on King George Island.

Published
2017

26. Effects of slope exposure on soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties along an altitudinal climosequence in the Italian Alps

Author

Bardelli, Tommaso, Gómez-Brandón, María, Ascher-Jenull, Judith, Fornasier, Flavio, Arfaioli, Paola, Francioli, Davide, Egli, Markus, Sartori, Giacomo, Insam, Heribert, Pietramellara, Giacomo, University of Zurich, and Gómez-Brandón, María

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, Environmental Engineering, 2305 Environmental Engineering, 2304 Environmental Chemistry, 2310 Pollution, Environmental Chemistry, 910 Geography & travel, Waste Management and Disposal, Pollution, 2311 Waste Management and Disposal
Published
2017

27. Bodenschutz in der Praxis

Author

Krebs, Rolf, Egli, Markus, Schulin, Rainer, and Tobias, Silvia

Subjects
333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete
Published
2017

28. Ground cover and slope exposure effects on micro- and mesobiota in forest soils

Author

Gómez-Brandón, María, Ascher-Jenull, Judith, Bardelli, Tommaso, Fornasier, Flavio, Sartori, Giacomo, Pietramellara, Giacomo, Arfaioli, Paola, Egli, Markus, Beylich, Anneke, Insam, Heribert, Graefe, Ulfert, University of Zurich, and Gómez-Brandón, María

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 910 Geography & travel, 1800 General Decision Sciences, 2303 Ecology
Published
2017

31. Long-term tillage and cropping system effects on chemical and biochemical characteristics of soil organic matter in a Mediterranean semiarid environmen

Author

Laudicina, Vito Armando, Novara, Agata, Barbera, Vito, Egli, Markus, Badalucco, Luigi, University of Zurich, and Badalucco, Luigi

Subjects
2300 General Environmental Science, 10122 Institute of Geography, 3303 Development, 2304 Environmental Chemistry, Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry, 910 Geography & travel, Development, 1111 Soil Science, General Environmental Science
Published
2015

32. The effect of permafrost on time-split soil erosion using radionuclides (¹³⁷Cs, ²³⁹ ⁺ ²⁴⁰Pu, meteoric ¹⁰Be) and stable isotopes (δ¹³C) in the eastern Swiss Alps

Author

Zollinger, Barbara, Alewell, Christine, Kneisel, Christof, Meusburger, Katrin, Brandová, Dagmar, Kubik, Peter, Schaller, Mirjam, Ketterer, Michael, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, and Zollinger, Barbara

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 1904 Earth-Surface Processes, 910 Geography & travel, 1913 Stratigraphy
Published
2015

33. Soil variability in mountain areas

Author

Zanini, Ermanno, Freppaz, Michele, Stanchi, Silvia, Bonifacio, Eleonora, Egli, Markus, University of Zurich, Romeo, R, Vita, A, Manuelli, S, Zanini, E, Freppaz, Michele, and Stanchi, Silvia

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2015

39. Böden

Author

Egli, Markus, Margreth, Michael, Wernli, Michael, University of Zurich, Haeberli, Wilfried, Keller, Felix, Krüsi, Bertil, Egli, Markus, Rothenbühler, Christine, Meilwes, Judith, and Gruber, Stephan

Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2007

41. Frequency of rockfalls in the permafrost-affected rock walls of the Mont Blanc massif in relation with post-glacial warm periods

Author

Ravanel, Ludovic, Egli, Markus, Brandova, D., Kubik, P., Deline, Philip, Gruber, S., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), and Maury, Christine

Subjects
[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

Poster; The characterization of the evolution of rockfall (> 100 m3) in high mountain areas is a prerequisite to any risk management. This study aimed to collect and analyse data on past rockfall in the Mont Blanc massif in order to investigate the possible correlation between periods of warming and rockfall and, beyond, between permafrost degradation and rockfall. This required to compile exhaustive inventories and to compare them with climatic data. We first documented the occurrence of the 58 rockfalls at the Drus and the Aiguilles de Chamonix, documented by photo-comparison since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) and direct observation in the recent period. We then crossed these rockfall data with available climate data. In the West face of the Drus, air temperature seems to control the triggering of the 12 documented rockfalls, as suggests by their concomitance with the hottest periods. The main one (2005, 265 000 m3) seems to have been promoted by the combination of heat and heavy rainfalls, resulting in high fluid pressure in the rock fractures. Surface runoff has been observed in the scar of this event and massive ice was also observed after the rockfall of October 2011. The role of climate is also demonstrated by the analysis of the 46 rockfalls documented on the North side of the Aiguilles de Chamonix after the LIA, with a very strong correlation between these and the hottest periods: 70 % of the rockfalls occurred during the past two decades, characterized by the increasing global warming. Heat waves are particularly prone to rockfall: the maximum rockfall frequency occurred during the 2003 Summer heat wave. To investigate beyond the last century and a half, we carried out surface exposure dating on 20 samples of granite from 6 rockwalls of the massif by the determination of 10Be-concentrations in their surface. The surface ages found vary from less than a few hundred years to tens of thousands years. These dates are generally corresponding to warm periods.

Published
2013

42. Rockfall dating (10Be exposure age) in the permafrost-affected rockwalls of the Mont Blanc massif (European Alps)

Author

Ravanel, Ludovic, Brandova, D., Deline, Philip, Egli, Markus, Gruber, Stephan, Malet, Emmanuel, Kubik, Peter W., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Glaciology, Geomorphodynamics and Geochronology, Department of Geography, and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)

Abstract

Poster, Geophysical Research Abstracts, 15, EGU2013-13058

Published
2013

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