1. Divide, Conquer, and Sense: CD8+CD28− T Cells in Perspective
- Author
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Arosa, Fernando A., Esgalhado, André J., Padrão, Carolina A., and Cardoso, Elsa M.
- Subjects
natural killer receptors ,IL-15 ,Immunology ,effector memory CD8+ T cells ,innate receptors ,tissue repair ,open MHC-I conformers ,IFN-γ ,NK-like T cells - Abstract
Understanding the rationale for the generation of a pool of highly differentiated effector memory CD8+ T cells displaying a weakened capacity to scrutinize for peptides complexed with major histocompatibility class I molecules via their T cell receptor, lacking the “signal 2” CD28 receptor, and yet expressing a highly diverse array of innate receptors, from natural killer receptors, interleukin receptors, and damage-associated molecular pattern receptors, among others, is one of the most challenging issues in contemporary human immunology. The prevalence of these differentiated CD8+ T cells, also known as CD8+CD28−, CD8+KIR+, NK-like CD8+ T cells, or innate CD8+ T cells, in non-lymphoid organs and tissues, in peripheral blood of healthy elderly, namely centenarians, but also in stressful and chronic inflammatory conditions suggests that they are not merely end-of-the-line dysfunctional cells. These experienced CD8+ T cells are highly diverse and capable of sensing a variety of TCR-independent signals, which enables them to respond and fine-tune tissue homeostasis.
- Published
- 2017
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