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Aristolochia laotica, a new species from Northeastern Laos, is described and illustrated here. The horseshoe-shaped perianth tube, the 3-lobed limb, and the 3-lobed gynostemium support its placement into Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia. Of the species with cylindric or saccate-shaped limb, the new species resembles A. vuquangensis. However, it differs from the latter by having an oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic leaf lamina with a truncate to shallowly cordate base, pinnate veins, sparsely brown hirsute to glabrescent perianth, uniformly purple inner surface of utricle, indistinct, straight, strongly inflated limb lobes, and pubescent and warty inner surface of the limb lobes. Detailed description, color illustrations, and remarks on ecology, conservation status are also provided, along with a key to species reported in Laos and comparison with its similar species.

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. (ice plant) develops salt tolerance during the transition from the juvenile to the adult stage through progressive morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes. Myo-inositol is the precursor for the synthesis of compatible solute D-pinitol and promotes Na+ transport in ice plants. We previously showed that supplying myo-inositol to 9-day-old seedlings alleviates salt damage by coordinating the expression of genes involved in inositol synthesis and transport, affecting osmotic adjustment and the Na/K balance. In this study, we examined the effects of myo-inositol on physiological parameters and inositol-related gene expression in early- and late-stage juvenile plants. The addition of myo-inositol to salt-treated, hydroponically grown late juvenile plants had no significant effects on growth or photosynthesis. In contrast, supplying exogenous myo-inositol to salt-treated early juvenile plants increased leaf biomass, relative water content, and chlorophyll content and improved PSII activity and CO2 assimilation. The treatment combining high salt and myo-inositol synergistically induced the expression of myo-inositol phosphate synthase (INPS), myo-inositol O-methyltransferase (IMT), and inositol transporters (INTs), which modulated root-to-shoot Na/K ratio and increased leaf D-pinitol content. The results indicate that sufficient myo-inositol is a prerequisite for high salt tolerance in ice plant.

Aeschynanthus smaragdinus F.Wen & J.Q.Qin, a new species of Gesneriaceae from the monsoon rain forest in Mangbang township, Tengchong City, Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated here. It morphologically resembles A. chiritoides C.B.Clarke in size, shape and hairs on the leaf blades. But it can easily be distinguished from the latter by the green corolla limb with brownish-red to maroon lower lobes. At the same time, the hairs of the pedicel and calyx lobes, the length of the staminode and the size of the seed grain can also help distinguish both. It is provisionally assessed as Data Deficient (DD), according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, because field surveys for this new taxon have not been completed.

Background: Lip enhancement continues to be one of the most frequently requested minimally invasive cosmetic treatments. Balancing anatomical considerations and objective measurements with individuals’ differences in aesthetics preferences can present unique challenges. Objectives: Identify key characteristics that contribute to lip and perioral aesthetics and providing practical insights into the real-world use of the recently published Lip and Perioral Assessment Scale. Methods: This work comprised four stages. The establishment of an International multidisciplinary collaborative group of eight experts to discuss current clinical practices with respect to lip and perioral enhancement. A practitioner survey to assess the experiences, perceptions, and opinions of a wider group of clinicians (N=40). A hybrid focus group, chaired by two of the experts, to establish considerations best practice approaches to patient assessment in the Asia-Pacific Region. Practical application of a Lip and Perioral Assessment Scale. Results: Consensus opinion from experienced injectors in the Asia Pacific Region supports the need to consider a wide variety of factors contributing to smile anatomy and aesthetics. Best practices approaches encompass (1) accounting for underlying structures, soft tissues and the impact of aging on smile anatomy, (2) understanding the relative contributions of the teeth and gingiva, lip proportions and skin quality to smile aesthetics and (3) the value of a systematic approach to patient assessment. Conclusions: Clear communication between patients and injectors is vital to establish achievable goals and realistic expectations. Systematic assessment that accounts for a wider array of variables than lip volume may facilitate a more individually tailored approach.

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by cognitive decline. Current available therapeutics for AD have limited clinical benefit. Therefore, preventive therapies for interrupting the development of AD are critically needed. Molecules targeting multifunction to interact with various pathlogical components have been considered to improve the therapeutic efficiency of AD. In particular, herbal medicines with multiplicity of actions produce cognitive benefits on AD. Bugu-M is a multi-herbal extract composed of Ganoderma lucidum (Antler form), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., and Dimocarpus longan, with the ability of its various components to confer resilience to cognitive deficits. Objective: To evaluate the potential of Bugu-M on amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity and its in vitro mechanisms and on in vivo cognitive function. Methods: We illustrated the effect of Bugu-M on Aβ25–35-evoked toxicity as well as its possible mechanisms to diminish the pathogenesis of AD in rat cortical neurons. For cognitive function studies, 2-month-old female 3×Tg-AD mice were administered 400 mg/kg Bugu-M for 30 days. Behavioral tests were performed to assess the efficacy of Bugu-M on cognitive impairment. Results: In primary cortical neuronal cultures, Bugu-M mitigated Aβ-evoked toxicity by reducing cytoskeletal aberrations and axonal disruption, restoring presynaptic and postsynaptic protein expression, suppressing mitochondrial damage and apoptotic signaling, and reserving neurogenic and neurotrophic factors. Importantly, 30-day administration of Bugu-M effectively prevented development of cognitive impairment in 3-month-old female 3×Tg-AD mice. Conclusion: Bugu-M might be beneficial in delaying the progression of AD, and thus warrants consideration for its preventive potential for AD.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop 60-s epoch accelerometer intensity cut points for vertical axis count and vector magnitude (VM) output from hip-worn triaxial accelerometers among women 60–91 years old. We also compared these cut points against cut points derived by multiplying 15-s epoch cut points by four. Methods: Two hundred apparently healthy women wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on their hip while performing a variety of laboratory-based activities that were sedentary (watching television and assembling a puzzle), low light (washing/drying dishes), high light (laundry and dust mopping), or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (400-m walk) intensity. Oxygen uptake was measured using an Oxycon portable calorimeter. Sedentary behavior and physical activity intensity cut points for vertical axis and VM counts were derived for 60-s epochs from receiver operating characteristic and by multiplying the 15-s cut points by four; both were compared with oxygen uptake. Results: The median age was 74.5 years (interquartile range 70–83). The 60-s epoch cut points for vertical counts were 0 sedentary, 1–73 low light, 74–578 high light, and ≥579 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The 60-s epoch cut points for VM were 0–88 sedentary, 89–663 low light, 664–1,730 high light, and ≥1,731 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. For both sets of cut points, the receiver operating characteristic approach yielded more accurate estimates than the multiplication approach. Conclusion: The derived 60-s epoch cut points for vertical counts and VM can be applied to epidemiologic studies to define sedentary behavior and physical activity intensities in older adult populations.

Strain leads to a rich magnetic phase transition in PC3NR, that is, from bandgap-tunable bipolar magnetic semiconductors to spin-gapless semiconductors to ferromagnetic metals or half-metal magnets and ±100% SP over a wide energy interval around EF.

The use of nanophotonics for optical manipulation has continuously attracted interest in both fundamental research and practical applications, due to its significantly enhanced capabilities at the nanoscale. In this work, we showed that plasmonic particles can be trapped at off-axis location in Gaussian beams assisted by surface plasmon resonance. The off-axis displacement can be tuned at the sub-wavelength scale by the incident light beams. Based on these, we propose that a superfast orbital rotation of particles in continuous-wave laser beam can be realized in tightly focused circularly polarized Gaussian beams. The rotation has a tunable orbital radius at the sub-wavelength scale and a superfast rotation speed (more than 10^4 r/s in water under common laboratory conditions). Our work will aid in the development of optically driven nanomachines, and find applications in micro/nano-rheology, micro-fluid mechanics, and biological research at the nanoscale., 5 pages, 5 figures

Free space optical (FSO) transmission has emerged as a key candidate technology for 6G to expand new spectrum and improve network capacity due to its advantages of large bandwidth, low electromagnetic interference, and high energy efficiency. Resonant beam operating in the infrared band utilizes spatially separated laser cavities to enable safe and mobile high-power energy and high-rate information transmission but is limited by line-of-sight (LOS) channel. In this paper, we propose a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted resonant beam simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system and establish an optical field propagation model to analyze the channel state information (CSI), in which LOS obstruction can be detected sensitively and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) transmission can be realized by changing the phased of resonant beam in RIS. Numerical results demonstrate that, apart from the transmission distance, the NLOS performance depends on both the horizontal and vertical positions of RIS. The maximum NLOS energy efficiency can achieve 55% within a transfer distance of 10m, a translation distance of $\pm$4mm, and rotation angle of $\pm$50{\deg}.

This paper presents an RGB-NIR (Near Infrared) dual-modality technique to analyze the remote photoplethysmogram (rPPG) signal and hence estimate the heart rate (in beats per minute), from a facial image sequence. Our main innovative contribution is the introduction of several denoising techniques such as Modified Amplitude Selective Filtering (MASF), Wavelet Decomposition (WD), and Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA), which take advantage of RGB and NIR band characteristics to uncover the rPPG signals effectively through this Independent Component Analysis (ICA)-based algorithm. Two datasets, of which one is the public PURE dataset and the other is the CCUHR dataset built with a popular Intel RealSense D435 RGB-D camera, are adopted in our experiments. Facial video sequences in the two datasets are diverse in nature with normal brightness, under-illumination (i.e., dark), and facial motion. Experimental results show that the proposed method has reached competitive accuracies among the state-of-the-art methods even at a shorter video length. For example, our method achieves MAE = 4.45 bpm (beats per minute) and RMSE = 6.18 bpm for RGB-NIR videos of 10 and 20 s in the CCUHR dataset and MAE = 3.24 bpm and RMSE = 4.1 bpm for RGB videos of 60-s in the PURE dataset. Our system has the advantages of accessible and affordable hardware, simple and fast computations, and wide realistic applications.

Security assurance evaluation (SAE) is a technique that helps organizations to appraise the trust and confidence that a system can be operated correctly and securely. This paper contributes to the research on quantitative SAE by proposing an ontology-based assurance metrics computation solution, which consists of (1) a quantitative SAE approach, (2) an ontology for modeling the security assurance components and metrics, and (3) a metrics calculation engine for automatically generating metrics values. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed ontology-based SAE approach are examined through a preliminary ontology evaluation as well as a practical application-based evaluation. Ontology-Based Metrics Computation for System Security Assurance Evaluation

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Purpose Reduced physical activity is reported in the elderly, especially in institutional residents. Institutionalized older adults exhibit a high prevalence of frailty. In this work, we developed an artificial intelligence of things (AIoT)-based feedback assistive strengthening ergometer (AIFASE), for the physical strengthening of the elderly with intelligent assistance. Methods We conducted a 12-week intervention in a long-term care facility. In total, 16 participants (84.38 ± 6.0 years; 4 males and 12 females) were recruited with 1:1 randomization of exercise to control groups. The muscle strength of the lower extremities, timed up and go test (TUG), and Short-form Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) of the participants were measured. The AIFASE system allows the clinical staff to record the personal physical performance of the elderly and generates personalized exercise prescriptions accordingly. AIFASE also displays the current usage status of all ergometers and the users’ physiological conditions. The algorithms were developed to generate warning alerts when the training workload was too large by personal physiological detection. AIFASE automatically customized the exercise prescription according to the user’s exercise performance. Results After a 12-week AIFASE intervention, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in the strength of the hip flexor, Semi-Tandem Stand, and Tandem Stand. Conclusion In this study, we developed an AIoT ergometer that delivered customized physical training prescriptions to improve the physical performance of long-term care facility residents. We believe that the application of AIFASE will help improve the quality of institutional care.

Security assurance (SA) is a technique that helps organizations to appraise the trust and confidence that a system can be operated correctly and securely. To foster effective SA, there must be systematic techniques to reflect the fact that the system meets its security requirements and, at the same time, is resilient against security vulnerabilities and failures. Quantitative SA evaluation applies computational and mathematical techniques for deriving a set of SA metrics to express the assurance level that a system reaches. Such metrics are intended to quantify the strength and weaknesses of the system that can be used to support improved decision making and strategic planning initiatives. Utilizing metrics to capture and evaluate a system’s security posture has gained attention in recent years. However, scarce work has described how to combine SA evaluation while taking into account both SA metrics modeling and analysis. This paper aims to develop a novel approach for the modeling, calculation, and analysis of SA metrics that could ultimately enhance quantitative SA evaluation.

Life events and parenting styles might play an important role in children's mental health.This study aims to explore how life events and parenting styles influence children's mental health based on a Chinese sample.A total of 3535 participants had at least one mental disorder (positive group), while a total of 3561 participants had no mental disorders (negative group). The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) and Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran (EMBU) were used for screening these two groups.CBCL total scores differed significantly by sex in the Positive group according to the Mann-Whitney tests (Z = -5.40, p 0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed that the dimensions of punishment (p = 0.014) and other (p = 0.048) in the ASLEC scale can significantly predict CBCL total scores in the Positive group. Sex, age and overprotection from the father were risk factors (p 0.001) according to binary logistic regression.Life events and parenting styles may have impacts on mental health. Fathers play a very important role in children's growth. Punitive education and fathers' overprotection might be risk factors for children's mental health.It is a large sample (3535) study of Chinese children and adolescents It provides evidence that life events and parenting styles have impacts on mental health and that fathers play a very important role in children's growth. It is conducive to the development of interventions for the mental health of children and adolescents.

Hyperspectral imaging provides optical information with high-dimensional spatial-temporal-spectral data cubes revealing intrinsic matter characteristics. It has been widely applied in various intelligent inspection applications. The existing hyperspectral imaging systems employ individual optical prism or grating to separate different spectra, which require complicated optical design that takes a heavy load for integration. The emerging multispectral imaging sensor integrates narrow-band filters on each pixel element, wasting most light throughput and trapped in the rigorous tradeoff between spatial and spectral resolution. In this work, we report an on-chip computational hyperspectral imaging framework with full spatial and temporal resolution. By integrating different broadband filtering materials on the imaging sensor, the target spectral information is non-uniformly and intrinsically coupled on each pixel with high light throughput. Using intelligent reconstruction algorithms, multi-channel images can be recovered from each frame, realizing real-time hyperspectral imaging. Following such a framework, we for the first time fabricated a broadband (400-1700 nm) hyperspectral imaging sensor with an average light throughput of 71.8$\%$ (enabling 32.5 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio of spectral reconstruction on ColorChecker Classic chart) and 89 wavelength channels (10 nm interval within 400-1000 nm and 25 nm interval within 1000-1700 nm). The average spectral resolution achieves 2.65 nm at 400-1000 nm and 8.59 nm at 1000-1700 nm. The demonstrated spatial resolution is 2048x2048 pixels at 47 fps, with $\sim$3.43 arc minute resolving ability at a 39-degree field of view. We employed the prototype sensor to collect a large-scale hyperspectral image dataset (210 scenes over 8 categories), and demonstrated the sensor's wide application potentials on a series of experiments ...

Ductility-based structural design is currently the mainstream method. In order to analyze the ductility performance of concrete columns with high-strength steel reinforcements under eccentric compression, corresponding experimental studies have been performed. Numerical models were established, and their reliability was verified. Based on the numerical models, the parameter analysis was carried out, where eccentricity, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio were considered to systematically discuss the ductility of the concrete column section with high-strength steel reinforcement. The results show that the ductility of the section under eccentric compression increases with the strength of the concrete and eccentricity, and decreases with the reinforcement ratio. Finally, a simplified calculation formula capable of quantitatively evaluating the section ductility was proposed.

The unique edge states of the zigzag β-SiC7 nanoribbons aroused our attention, and therefore, based on first-principles calculations, we investigated their spin-dependent electronic transport properties by constructing controllable defects to modulate these special edge states. Interestingly, by introducing rectangular edge defects in the SiSi and SiC edge-terminated systems, not only the spin-unpolarized is successfully converted to completely spin-polarized, but also the direction of polarization can be switched, thus enabling a dual spin filter. The analyses further reveal that the two transmission channels with opposite spins are spatially separated and that the transmission eigenstates are highly concentrated at the relative edges. The specific edge defect introduced only suppresses the transmission channel at the same edge but reserves the transmission channel at the other edge. In addition, for the CSi and CC edge-terminated systems, an additional spin-down band exists due to spin splitting in the spin-up band at EF, so that besides the original spatially separated two spin-opposite channels, an extra spin channel is distributed at the upper edge, resulting in unidirectional fully spin-polarized transport. The peculiar spatially separated edge states and excellent spin filtering properties could open up further possibilities for β-SiC7-based electronic devices in spintronics applications.

Background and Aims Hybridization has long been recognized as an important process for plant evolution and is often accompanied by polyploidization, another prominent force in generating biodiversity. Despite its pivotal importance in evolution, the actual prevalence and distribution of hybridization across the tree of life remain unclear. Methods We used whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing and cytological data to investigate the evolutionary history of Henckelia, a large genus in the family Gesneriaceae with a high frequency of suspected hybridization and polyploidization events. We generated WGS sequencing data at about 10× coverage for 26 Chinese Henckelia species plus one Sri Lankan species. To untangle the hybridization history, we separately extracted whole plastomes and thousands of single-copy nuclear genes from the sequencing data, and reconstructed phylogenies based on both nuclear and plastid data. We also explored sources of both genealogical and cytonuclear conflicts and identified signals of hybridization and introgression within our phylogenomic dataset using several statistical methods. Additionally, to test the polyploidization history, we evaluated chromosome counts for 45 populations of the 27 Henckelia species studied. Key Results We obtained well-supported phylogenetic relationships using both concatenation- and coalescent-based methods. However, the nuclear phylogenies were highly inconsistent with the plastid phylogeny, and we observed intensive discordance among nuclear gene trees. Further analyses suggested that both incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow contributed to the observed cytonuclear and genealogical discordance. Our analyses of introgression and phylogenetic networks revealed a complex history of hybridization within the genus Henckelia. In addition, based on chromosome counts for 27 Henckelia species, we found independent polyploidization events occurred within Henckelia after different hybridization events. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that hybridization and polyploidization are common in Henckelia. Furthermore, our results revealed that H. oblongifolia is not a member of the redefined Henckelia and they suggested several other taxonomic treatments in this genus.

Allopolyploid plants have long been regarded as possessing genetic advantages under certain circumstances due to the combined effects of their hybrid origins and duplicated genomes. However, the evolutionary consequences of allopolyploidy in lineage diversification remain to be fully understood. Here, we investigate the evolutionary consequences of allopolyploidy using 138 transcriptomic sequences of Gesneriaceae, including 124 newly sequenced, focusing particularly on the largest subtribe Didymocarpinae. We estimated the phylogeny of Gesneriaceae using concatenated and coalescent-based methods based on five different nuclear matrices and 27 plastid genes, focusing on relationships among major clades. To better understand the evolutionary affinities in this family, we applied a range of approaches to characterize the extent and cause of phylogenetic incongruence. We found that extensive conflicts between nuclear and chloroplast genomes and among nuclear genes were caused by both incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and reticulation, and we found evidence of widespread ancient hybridization and introgression. Using the most highly supported phylogenomic framework, we revealed multiple bursts of gene duplication throughout the evolutionary history of Gesneriaceae. By incorporating molecular dating and analyses of diversification dynamics, our study shows that an ancient allopolyploidization event occurred around the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, which may have driven the rapid radiation of core Didymocarpinae.

Optical microscopy image plays an important role in scientific research through the direct visualization of the nanoworld, where the imaging mechanism is described as the convolution of the point spread function (PSF) and emitters. Based on a priori knowledge of the PSF or equivalent PSF, it is possible to achieve more precise exploration of the nanoworld. However, it is an outstanding challenge to directly extract the PSF from microscopy images. Here, with the help of self-supervised learning, we propose a physics-informed masked autoencoder (PiMAE) that enables a learnable estimation of the PSF and emitters directly from the raw microscopy images. We demonstrate our method in synthetic data and real-world experiments with significant accuracy and noise robustness. PiMAE outperforms DeepSTORM and the Richardson-Lucy algorithm in synthetic data tasks with an average improvement of 19.6\% and 50.7\% (35 tasks), respectively, as measured by the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) metric. This is achieved without prior knowledge of the PSF, in contrast to the supervised approach used by DeepSTORM and the known PSF assumption in the Richardson-Lucy algorithm. Our method, PiMAE, provides a feasible scheme for achieving the hidden imaging mechanism in optical microscopy and has the potential to learn hidden mechanisms in many more systems.

A new species of Gesneriaceae, Oreocharis wuxiensis, is described and illustrated from Wuxi County, Chongqing Municipality, China. The new species is morphologically similar to O. giraldii in the leaf blade’s shape and indumentum and the corolla’s shape and color. It can be easily distinguished by the shape of the corolla tube and lobes, the indumentum and pistil length, and the ovary’s size and style. At present, a total of three populations were confirmed in Yintiaoling National Nature Reserve, Wuxi County, with about 500 mature individuals. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, it is provisionally assessed as Vulnerable (VU D1).

Petrocodon wui F.Wen & R.B.Zhang (Gesneriaceae), a typically lithophyte occurring in the Danxia areas of north-western Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated as new to science. The new species shows overall similarity with P. chishuiensis Z.B.Xin, F.Wen & S.B.Zhou, which is also its sister species, based on molecular evidence. The new species can be distinguished from P. chishuiensis by the elongated rhizome, the relatively long indumentum on the peduncle, the shape, size and indumentum of calyx lobes, the location of the stamens in the corolla tube and the shape, size and indumentum of the stigma. We provide a diagnosis, detailed description, photographic images and a table with taxonomic notes to distinguish several other morphologically similar Petrocodon species.

Mass measurement is an essential analytical tool in the characterization of materials. Here we present a method for measuring the mass of an individual nanoparticle, which has a fg-level mass. This method enables a temperature-independent mass measurement with the assistance of a sinusoidal electrostatic driving force. With this approach, we successfully track the change in properties of an optically levitated nanoparticle, such as mass, temperature, and electric charge, with air pressure. An abrupt change in the mass of silica nanoparticles is found to violate the Zhuravlev model. This method can be utilized to extend the mass analysis of materials, such as thermogravimetric analysis, to individual micro- or nano-particles.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological malignancy. EOC control remains difficult, and EOC patients show poor prognosis regarding metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of CXCR4 knockdown-mediated reduction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stemness and enhancement of chemotherapy sensitivity in EOC. Mechanisms contributing to these effects were also explored. Our data showed distinct contribution of CXCR4 overexpression by dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in EOC development. CXCR4 knockdown resulted in a reduction in CSCs and EMT formation and enhancement of chemotherapy sensitivity in tumor cells, which was further advanced by blocking CXCR4-PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. This study also documented the critical role of silencing CXCR4 in sensitizing ovarian CSCs to chemotherapy. Thus, targeting CXCR4 to suppress EOC progression, specifically in combination with paclitaxel (PTX) treatment, may have clinical application value.

With the everyday use of big data technology, using big data resources effectively has become a key area of research. Media consumption creates enormous amounts of data in people’s digital lives. This data is not only very valuable to the company, but it also presents a number of concerns, including privacy breaches and data exploitation. Along with the continuous improvement of blockchain technology, the rational use of big data resources has become possible. Blockchain technology has expanded from the initial Bitcoin to the financial field and has become more widely used in the legal and media industries. This study catches the actual cases of blockchain technology in the media industry through Qingbo Big Data, analyzes the current global blockchain and media industry’s overall development status and the existing problems, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures to accelerate the integration and development of blockchain and media industry in the context of big data. The results show that the technical features of blockchain can solve the painful problems of copyright risk, algorithmic black box, and weak trust mechanism in the media industry, and the combination of the two can form a new burst of media productivity. The article discusses the broad application prospects of blockchain in the media industry, which is essential for big data and blockchain research. This paper composes the pioneering literature on the blockchain, catches the information on blockchain by keywords, analyzes the application prospect of blockchain in the media industry, and promotes the research and application of blockchain technology.

The accurate radio frequency (RF) ranging and localizing of objects has benefited the researches including autonomous driving, the Internet of Things, and manufacturing. Quantum receivers have been proposed to detect the radio signal with ability that can outperform conventional measurement. As one of the most promising candidates, solid spin shows superior robustness, high spatial resolution and miniaturization. However, challenges arise from the moderate response to a high frequency RF signal. Here, by exploiting the coherent interaction between quantum sensor and RF field, we demonstrate quantum enhanced radio detection and ranging. The RF magnetic sensitivity is improved by three orders to 21 $${{{{{{{\rm{pT}}}}}}}}/\sqrt{{{{{{{{\rm{Hz}}}}}}}}}$$ pT / Hz , based on nanoscale quantum sensing and RF focusing. Further enhancing the response of spins to the target’s position through multi-photon excitation, a ranging accuracy of 16 μm is realized with a GHz RF signal. The results pave the way for exploring quantum enhanced radar and communications with solid spins.

Oreocharis yangjifengensis F.Wen & B.Chen, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Yangjifeng National Nature Reserve, Yingtan city, Jiangxi province, East China, is described and illustrated. It can be easily distinguished from other Oreocharis species by having a zygomorphic and urceolate corolla, and peduncle, bracts, pedicel and calyx densely pale brown woolly to pubescent.

Background The development of affordable strategy to concurrently enhance microalgal biomass and biocomponents is warranted for commercial applications. Here, we investigated the efficacy of a cheap and natural polyphenol, tannic acid, on regulating metabolic and physiological properties of oleaginous microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum to overproduce biocompounds. Result Tannic acid provision regulated the key metabolic pathways to enhance algal biomass and lipids in a dose-dependent manner without direct impact on photosynthesis. It reduced oxidative stress and reallocated carbon precursors towards lipogenesis. Lipidomic analyses showed that tannic acid provision unprecedentedly regulated the key lipogenic pathways, enhanced glyco- and neutral-lipids by 1.29- and 1.54-fold, respectively, whereas phospholipids were significantly altered. Tannic acid facilitated polyunsaturated fatty acid overproduction with a specific increment of EPA and DHA by 1.18- and 2.25-fold, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that tannic acid upregulated the expression of multiple genes involved in lipogenesis. Conclusion Here, we dissected the potential of tannic acid, a natural and cheaper polyphenol, on concurrently enhancing lipids and PUFAs without impairing physiological properties in P. tricornutum. The findings provide novel insights into the mechanistic roles of polyphenol as a potential chemical modulator.

BackgroundAnlotinib may boost the efficacy of pancreatic cancer (PC) treatment if timely added to the GS regimen (Gemcitabine, Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil potassium); however, no data has been published. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of anlotinib in combination with the GS regimen(hereafter referred to as the A+GS regimen) in the first-line treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic PC.MethodsPatients with unresectable or metastatic PC treated at Yueyang Central Hospital and Yueyang People’s Hospital between October 2018 and June 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective real-world investigation. Treatment efficacy was evaluated based on the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), and objective response rate (ORR), while the treatment safety was assessed by the frequency of major adverse events (AEs).ResultsSeventy-one patients were included in this study, 41 in the GS group and 30 in the A+GS group. The A+GS group had a longer mPFS than the GS group (12.0 months (95% CI, 6.0–18.0) and 6.0 months (95% CI, 3.0–8.1)), respectively (P = 0.005). mOS was longer in the GS+A group) when compared with the GS group (17.0 months (95%CI, 14.0–20.0) and 10.0 months (95% CI, 7.5–12.5)), respectively (P = 0.018). The GS+A group had higher ORR (50.0% vs 26.8%, P = 0.045) and DCR (83.3% vs 58.5%, P = 0.026). Furthermore, there were no grade 4-5 AEs and no treatment-related deaths, and no discernible increase in AEs in the GS+A group when compared with the GS group.ConclusionThe A+GS regimen therapy holds great promise in managing treatment-naive advanced PC, except that future prospective studies with larger sample sizes and multiple centers are required to determine its efficacy and safety.

Among many modulation methods, strain engineering is often chosen for nanomaterials to produce tunable band gaps continuously. Inspired by the recently reported two-dimensional material PC

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076231187247 for Mortality risk prediction of the electrocardiogram as an informative indicator of cardiovascular diseases by Dung-Jang Tsai, Yu-Sheng Lou, Chin-Sheng Lin, Wen-Hui Fang, Chia-Cheng Lee, Ching-Liang Ho, Chih-Hung Wang and Chin Lin in DIGITAL HEALTH

A new naphthoquinone derivative (1) together with twenty-three known compounds (2–24), were isolated from the aerial parts of Rubia cordifolia L. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HR-ESIMS data. Compounds 1–13 were assessed for their inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Compounds 2-6 exhibited significant inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 21.37, 13.81, 24.56, 20.32, and 30.08 μmol·L−1, respectively.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 1. Risk of bias assessment. A Risk of bias graph. B Risk of bias summary.

Primulina jiulianshanensis F.Wen & G.L.Xu, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province, China, is described and illustrated here. Molecular evidence showed it was sister to P. wenii Jian Li & L.J.Yan, while the morphological observation found clear differences between them, petiole, both sides of leaf blades, adaxial surface of the calyx lobes, corolla inside toward the bottom, bract margins covered glandular-pubescent hairs in P. jiulianshanensis (vs. no glandular-pubescent hairs in P. wenii); lateral bracts 4–9 × ca. 2 mm, the central one 2–5 × 1–1.5 mm, adaxially glabrous but sparsely pubescent at apex (vs. lateral bracts 14–16 × 2.5–3.0 mm, the central one 10–12 × 1.3–1.6 mm, all adaxially pubescent); calyx lobes 8–11 × ca. 2 mm, each side with several brown serrate teeth at apex (vs. 14–15 × ca. 2.5 mm, margin entire); filaments and staminodes sparsely yellow glandular-puberulent (vs. white, glabrous).

A Cu-BTC-CP precatalyst with asymmetric building units, which in situ reconstructs to low-coordinated Cu during the CO2RR, delivers an ethylene faradaic efficiency of 65.2 ± 3% at 350 mA cm−2 in a flow cell.

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics provides a general framework for understanding non-equilibrium processes, particularly in small systems that are typically far from equilibrium and dominated by fluctuations. However, the experimental investigation of non-equilibrium thermodynamics remains challenging due to the lack of approaches to precisely manipulate non-equilibrium states and dynamics. Here, by shaping the effective potential of energy, we propose a general method to construct a non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) with arbitrary energy distribution. Using a well-designed energy-dependent feedback damping, the dynamics of an optically levitated nanoparticle in vacuum is manipulated and driven into a NESS with the desired energy distribution. Based on this approach, a phonon laser state is constructed with an ultra-narrow linewidth of 6.40 uHz. Such an arbitrary NESS construction method provides a new approach to manipulating the dynamics processes of micromechanical systems and paves the way for the systematic study of non-equilibrium dynamics in interdisciplinary research fields.

Additional file 6: Supplementary Figure 3. Bayesian ranking profile based on the SUCRA results of disease-controlled rate (DCR), decrement rate of any grade toxicity assessment, and rate of side effects leading to discontinuation and death.