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Capacity allocation and optimal scheduling of virtual power plants (VPP) are important aspects to ensure the effectiveness of system investment and operational economy. In this study, a two-stage optimization model for capacity planning and regulation operation of VPPs considering source-load-storage resources is constructed. In the first stage, a capacity optimization model is constructed for the VPP with the lowest annual economic cost under the refinement constraints of source-storage resources. In the second stage, based on the capacity allocation results and load characteristics, a source-load interactive operation optimization model with the lowest typical daily operating cost and incentive-based demand response is constructed under the resource capacity constraint, so as to realize the capacity allocation and energy control of the VPPs in all stages of source-load-storage resources. Finally, a planning solver is applied to solve the algorithm. The proposed model is validated. The results show that the presence or absence of demand response, the form of demand response, and the charge state of energy storage all have an impact on the allocation and operation results. Adequate consideration of the source-side, load-side, and storage-side interactions can provide a reference for more accurate planning and optimization. The research results are intended to be able to provide VPPs investors and operators with a full process of construction and operation solutions.

Although chalk aquifers are not too often associated with conduit flow, they are highly productive groundwater systems and, like limestone aquifers, they can be vulnerable to contamination when exposed to land use activities. The Danish carbonate rocks are generally recognized to be highly fractured and covered by thick Quaternary sediments. Fissure flow is pronounced, occurring in the upper 50–100 m due to Pleistocene glaciations. According to recently published maps of the distribution of karst in Europe, Denmark has no karst. However, this study concludes that karstified chalk and limestone aquifers are an important source of freshwater in Denmark. Four national datasets on karst features, groundwater flow, groundwater chemistry, and fish ecological quality ratio (EQR) data now indicate more heterogeneous structures and preferential flow pathways in the chalk and limestone aquifers than had been conceptualized and modelled with a national water resources groundwater/surface-water model in the recent past. This study provides new qualitative evidence that rapid and preferential flow of water and agrochemicals from the surface through thinner parts of the Quaternary cover layers, sinkholes and solution-enlarged fractures may likely impact the vulnerability of chalk and limestone aquifers. Additionally, due to the preferential flow system, some gaining streams discharged by karstified chalk and limestone aquifers show increased fish EQR values when using observed river daily discharge data instead of simulated daily discharge.

CRAMdb (a database for composition and roles of animal microbiome) is a comprehensive resource of curated and consistently annotated metagenomes for non-human animals. It focuses on the composition and roles of the microbiome in various animal species. The main goal of the CRAMdb is to facilitate the reuse of animal metagenomic data, and enable cross-host and cross-phenotype comparisons. To this end, we consistently annotated microbiomes (including 16S, 18S, ITS and metagenomics sequencing data) of 516 animals from 475 projects spanning 43 phenotype pairs to construct the database that is equipped with 9430 bacteria, 278 archaea, 2216 fungi and 458 viruses. CRAMdb provides two main contents: microbiome composition data, illustrating the landscape of the microbiota (bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses) in various animal species, and microbiome association data, revealing the relationships between the microbiota and various phenotypes across different animal species. More importantly, users can quickly compare the composition of the microbiota of interest cross-host or body site and the associated taxa that differ between phenotype pairs cross-host or cross-phenotype. CRAMdb is freely available at (http://www.ehbio.com/CRAMdb).

In this paper, we study the optimal investment strategy between gold and Bitcoin, establish a market price forecasting system using the grey forecasting model GM (1,1), and calculate the optimal investment between gold and Bitcoin through the association rule algorithm. Optimal investment ratio, and then determine the maximum return. The establishment of predictive investment models helps investors to formulate optimal investment plans. The established model can use certain data from previous years to predict the future exchange rate prices of gold and bitcoin and help trading investors make optimal buying and selling decisions. It has a certain model planning ability for investment in real life and has specific practical significance for trade investors.

In order to cope with the frequent challenges of network security issues, a method of applying artificial intelligence technology to computer network security communication is proposed. First, within the framework of computer network communication, an intelligent protocol reverse analysis method is proposed. By converting the protocol into an image and establishing a convolutional neural network model, artificial intelligence technology is used to map the data to the protocol result. Finally, use the model to test the test data to adjust the model parameters and optimize the model as much as possible. The experimental results show that compared with the test model, the results obtained after training with the deep convolutional neural network model in this paper have increased the accuracy by 2.4%, reduced the loss by 38.2%, and reduced the running time by 42 times. The correctness and superiority of the algorithm and model are verified.

The understanding of solute transport in rock fractures is of great importance in many engineering fields. In this study, two groups of experiments on artificial and natural single fractures with different fracture apertures and roughness were conducted to investigate the changes of solute transport regimes. The time fractional advection–dispersion equation (tFADE) as a promising model was applied to describe the anomalous transport. The performance of the classical advection-dispersion equation (ADE) and tFADE was compared according to the fitting precision of breakthrough curves (BTCs). The responses of the fitting parameters in the tFADE to the experimental conditions were also discussed. The results indicated that the non-Fickian transport more likely occurred in the short distance transport, and the larger Peclet number ( Pe ) led to the increase of the exponent of the power-law function in the phase of concentration decline. The tFADE was superior to ADE in capturing the non-Fickian transport especially the tailing behavior. The fractional order of time α in the tFADE was the key parameter to describe the anomalous transport process, and its responding mechanisms of were revealed: the best-fit α decreased with the increase of flow velocity and the decrease of the fracture aperture. The roughness of the single fracture which leads to a complex flow field had a significant effect on the best-fit α . The findings of this study can help for better understanding the effectiveness and physical significance of the tFADE.

Due to the extensive excavation of open-pit coal mines in northwest of China, the rock slopes formed by special environments are subjected to freeze-thaw (F-T) action, which has a certain impact on their stabilities. In order to evaluate the mechanical properties and micro damage characteristics of coal under different freeze-thaw cycles, uniaxial compression experiments combining acoustic emission tests were conducted. The results suggest that as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased, elastic modulus of coal samples decreased, the samples showed ductile damage characteristics and initial compaction stage gradually increased. Compared with unfrozen-thawed coal sample, the compressive strength of the coal samples decreased by 23.27% after 10 F-T cycles, 31.06% after 15 F-T cycles, and 36.01% after 20 F-T cycles. The internal fissures in the coal samples transitioned from tensile fissures to shearing fissures, and the samples gradually showed tensile-shear combined failure. The final cumulative energy of the coal sample became lower, the cumulative energy duration increased and the time point of the energy surge was delayed with the increase of cyclic freeze-thaw times. A damage model based on the evolution law of the cumulative energy was established to bridge the gap between macro-micro damage mechanics.

This work presents a facile one-step Pd2+-assisted soft-templating strategy to prepare a series of ordered mesoporous Ni spheres (OMNiS) with highly uniform and tunable diameters.

Equipment quality-related data contains valuable information. Data mining technology seems to be an efficient method for extracting knowledge from large amounts of data. In this paper, a general method for equipment quality information mining based on association rule is proposed for complex equipment. Due to the shortcomings of classical association rule mining algorithms such as long running time and high memory consumption, the candidate itemset generation process is optimized, and an improved Apriori algorithm is proposed. Taking five experimental data sets as the object, the performance of the algorithms is tested using time complexity and spatial complexity as evaluation criteria. Comparative experiments show that the improved algorithm had advantages. To further implement data processing and information representation, a matrix-based strong association rule extraction algorithm was proposed. Taking a certain type of equipment as an example, a simulation experiment was conducted using the method proposed in this article in reliability test data sets, and some interesting knowledge was obtained through mining, verifying the effectiveness of the method. The research in this article seems promising with respect to improving the scientific level of equipment support.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone (DEXA) combined with tranexamic acid (TXA) in the perioperative period of total hip arthroplasty.A total of 100 cases were randomly divided into 2 groups (50 cases per group). All patients were given 15 mg/kg TXA before skin incision and 3 hours later. Patients in the intervention group (TXA + DEXA group) were given 20 mg dexamethasone intravenously after the onset of anesthesia, and the same dose of DEXA was administered again 24 hours later. Patients in the placebo group (TXA group) were only given the same dose of normal saline. Postoperative c-reactive protein and interleukin-6, postoperative nausea and vomiting, fatigue visual analogue scale score, postoperative length of stay, range of motion, and consumption of analgesic and antiemetics were statistically analyzed in the 2 groups.The levels of c-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in the TXA + DEXA group were lower than those in the TXA group at 24, 48, 72 hours post-operatively (P.001). Walking pain scores in the TXA + DEXA group were also significantly lower than those in the TXA group at 24 and 48 hours (P.001); rest pain scores were lower at 24 hours (P.001). Compared with the TXA group, the incidence of nausea VAS, postoperative nausea and vomiting, fatigue, analgesia and antiemetics consumption, postoperative length of stay, and range of motion were lower in the TXA + DEXA group (all P.05), while there were no significant differences in postoperative hematocrit, total blood loss, and complications (P.05).The combination of TXA (15 mg/kg; before skin incision and 3 hours later) and DEX (20 mg dexamethasone intravenously after the onset of anesthesia, and again 24 hours later) is an effective and safe strategy for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.

PurposeTesticular yolk sac tumor (TYST) is a rare malignant germ cell tumor that mainly occurs in young men. Due to the low incidence of yolk sac tumors, there is a lack of prospective cohort studies with large samples. We aimed to develop a nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with TYST.Materials and methodsPatient information was downloaded from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. We enrolled all patients with TYST from 2000 to 2018, and all patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for patients. We constructed a nomogram based on the multivariate Cox regression model to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year CSS in patients with TYST. We used a series of validation methods to test the accuracy and reliability of the model, including the concordance index (C-index), calibration curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).Results619 patients with TYST were enrolled in the study. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, T stage, M stage and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for CSS. A nomogram was constructed to predict the patient's CSS. The C-index of the training set and the validation set were 0.901 (95%CI: 0.859–0.847) and 0.855 (95%CI: 0.865–0.845), respectively, indicating that the model had excellent discrimination. The AUC showed the same results. The calibration curve also indicated that the model had good accuracy.ConclusionsIn this study, we constructed the nomogram for the first time to predict the CSS of patients with TYST, which has good accuracy and reliability and can help doctors and patients make clinical decisions.

Paracoccus denitrificans can adapt to complex environmental changes and sRNAs play crucial roles during this process. This work aim to identify antibiotic-induced sRNA that regulated denitrification and explored its potential for functional enhancement of this process. Target prediction indicated complementary base pairing between the denitrifying gene nosZ and the sRNA Pda200. Anaerobic culture of P. denitrificans ATCC 19367 in the presence of florfenicol (FF) resulted in significant decreases in nosZ and Pda200 gene expression (p 0.01). Two additional denitrifiers isolated from contaminated sediment were co-cultured with ATCC 19367 to generate a consortium. And an inducible Pda200 expression strain was also added. The results revealed that Pda200 significantly enhanced napA, napB and norB expression in different types of denitrifiers under FF condition (p 0.05 ∼ 0.001). This study identified the sRNA Pda200 as a novel positive regulator of denitrification, which may realize the efficient treatment of antibiotic-contaminated wastewater by microbial agents.

Greenhouse agriculture has become vitally important in promoting sustainable food supplies globally, especially by encouraging local production and consumption practices. However, it also represents an industry with a high risk for groundwater pollution due to much higher application limits allowed for nitrogen fertilizers compared to conventional agriculture. Although sufficient focus has been placed on characterizing any environmental impacts stemming from agriculture, including greenhouses, the influence of social, economic and political aspects on this process are generally overlooked. This one-sided focus may be partly due to the complexity of environmental systems, i.e. in measuring the state of the system accurately. However, any actions taken by a government, i.e. in the form of policy instruments, will play a key role in ensuring the safety and quality of agricultural products and the surrounding environmental systems. Insufficient knowledge regarding policy and related influential factors may thus slow the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and ultimately inhibit environmental protection. In light of this, a cross-national comparative study was carried out to enable a systematic understanding of Chinese and Danish greenhouse agriculture policy using the agro-environmental DPSIR (Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response) indicator framework. We critically examined whether current legislative steps for mitigating anthropogenic sources of N-pollution are suitably aimed at the parameters controlling (driving) specific pressures/impacts on groundwater. The potential for reaction (feedback/responses) within each legislative system, as well as the key gaps in policy responses for monitoring both water and N-fertilizer applied in greenhouses were identified. Notably, most responses are found to target only the pressure component of the framework. This discovery opens the door for the development of additional response mechanisms, which together could result in more sustainable policy measures for greenhouse agriculture that may be more effective, more quickly. Although many countermeasures exist for control of land, water and fertilizer use at the national level in both countries, their deployment depends heavily on effective stakeholder engagement and local-level adoption strategies, indicating a more holistic and multi-objective (less fragmented) policy approach is needed. Importantly, this paper demonstrates an alternative implementation of the DPSIR framework, where comparative study applications may be used to enable mutual learning that may enhance the uptake of disruptive solutions (technological and/or policy advancement), recognizing that incremental change may not be cost-efficient or sustainable especially for regions with critical water issues.

Understanding the role of geological heterogeneity on the performance of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) in terms of effective groundwater storage is crucial to design MAR systems. Natural aquifers are affected by a variety of geologic strata and structures at different scales, which are responsible for wide ranging hydraulic properties. This study combines physical experiments and numerical modeling to investigate the effect of geologic structures commonly encountered in sedimentary environments, on MAR-induced groundwater flow patterns using injection wells. Models were conceptualized and parametrized based on the hydrogeological conditions of Tailan River basin in arid NW China, which hosts a typical, structurally complex, alluvial-fan aquifer system affected by sediment layering, clay lenses and anticline barriers, and is extensively studied for the strategic potential of MAR in addressing water shortages in the region. Results showed that, compared to a homogeneous scenario, high-permeability aquifer layers shortened groundwater ages, decreased the thickness of the artificially recharged water lenses (ARWLs), and shifted the stagnation points downstream. Clay lenses increased groundwater residence times but had little effect on spatial flow patterns due to their elongation parallel-to-flow direction. Overall groundwater ages, as well as the thickness of ARWLs created through injection on the upstream side of an anticline, increased, and this to a larger extent than through injection on the downstream side, which did not increase significantly compared to the homogeneous scenario. Results provide insights for MAR optimization in naturally heterogeneous aquifer systems, along with a benchmark tool for application to a wide range of typical geological conditions.

Entanglement-assisted quantum maximum distance separable (MDS) codes form a significant class of quantum codes. By using constacyclic codes, we construct some new classes of q-ary entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting MDS codes. Most of these codes are new in the sense that their parameters are not covered by the codes available in the literature.

Groundwater is exploited extensively, continuously and in a disorderly way in the North China Plain (NCP), which leads to severe problems of groundwater over-exploitation, making it the largest gro...

Recently, Ni, N-doped carbon (NiNC) electrocatalysts synthesized using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as templates have demonstrated attractive catalytic performances in the CO

Developing an effective way to synthesize uniform ordered mesoporous metal spheres with controllable diameter is important for enhancing their performance in various applications but remains a challenge. Herein, a one-step and facile Pd

Antimicrobial agents enter the ecological environment through animal excreta and disrupt metabolism in environmental microorganisms. Quorum sensing (QS) can help bacteria adapt to their surroundings. To explore how acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) can adjust the influence of florfenicol on nitrogen cycling and methane metabolism in anaerobic fermentation, a small indoor thermostatic anaerobic fermentation model was established by adding exogenous acylated homoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules with florfenicol as the stress factor. Through bacterial function prediction by PICRUST, we found that the addition of AHL further increased the promotion of methanogenesis_by_CO

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical glucocorticoids for total hip arthroplasty by meta-analysis. Methods. A computerized search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed English databases, as well as Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, vipu Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang database, and Chinese Knowledge Net Database, was performed to include all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding topical glucocorticoid therapy for postoperative bleeding after THA according to the inclusion criteria. The quality evaluation criteria of RCTs, as stated in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.5, were adopted for evaluation, and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Results. A total of 10 articles were included, including 1,112 patients: 566 in the topical glucocorticoid group and 546 in the control group. The transfusion rate was 8.43% for topical glucocorticoids and 30.05% for the control group ( P < 0.001 ), and topical glucocorticoids reduced 317.89 ml total blood loss and 76.82 ml invisible blood loss, with statistically significant differences ( P < 0.001 ). The amount of intraoperative blood loss was reduced by topical glucocorticoids, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.83 ), and the postoperative HB value was increased by topical glucocorticoids, although the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001 ). The incidence of DVT and PE after topical glucocorticoid application (3.03%) was greater than that of the control group (2.40%), the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.54 ), and the incidence of infection after topical glucocorticoid application (3.03%) was greater than that of the control group (2.40%). The difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.39 ). Conclusions. Topical glucocorticoids can reduce the transfusion rate and blood loss in THA patients without increasing their risk of thrombosis.

Surface water and groundwater (SW-GW) are an inseparable whole, having a tightly coupled hydraulic relationship and frequent inter-transformation. As such, the quantitative calculation of water exchange between SW-GW is a difficult challenge. To address this issue, we propose the use of a physically based and distributed hydrological model, called WEP-L, in order to analyze the effects of the SW-GW interaction and its spatiotemporal variation characteristics in the Xiaoqing River basin. We demonstrate that the SW-GW interaction is significantly affected by season. The simulated annual average exchange volume of SW-GW above the control section of Huangtaiqiao Station from 1980 to 2020 is found to be 54.79 m3/s. The exchange volumes of SW-GW in the wet and dry season are 28.69 m3/s and 13.46 m3/s, respectively, accounting for 48.75% and 22.87% of the whole year. In addition, considering two types of climate change scenarios, the exchange capacity of SW-GW increases by 0.42m3/s when the rainfall increases by 5%, while the exchange capacity decreases by only 0.2 m3/s when the temperature increases by 0.2 °C. This study provides insights for the quantification of the SW-GW interaction at the regional scale, which will benefit our understanding of the water cycle and evolution of water resources in Xiaoqing River basin.