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Malalties neoplàstiques hematològiques; Perfil genètic; Precisió Enfermedades neoplásticas hematológicas; Perfil genético; Precisión Hematological neoplastic diseases; Genetic profile; Accuracy La patologia hematooncològica s’ha dividit en tres grups: limfoide, mieloide i leucèmia aguda limfoblàstica. S’ha definit la llista de gens adequada per a cada patologia i tots ells han estat seleccionats atenent a: La seva utilitat diagnòstica i de diagnòstic diferencial amb altres entitats i que, per tant, permetin a l’equip diagnòstic (hematòlegs, patòlegs o biòlegs) realitzar un diagnòstic ben fet. La seva utilitat pronòstica i predictiva, sempre que això comporti un canvi d’actitud terapèutica. Per exemple, indicació de trasplantament de progenitors o altres teràpies cel·lulars, canvi en el seguiment i canvi en el tipus de tractament. La seva utilitat terapèutica per a la indicació de l’ús de fàrmacs diana.

The Observatorio Astrof\'isico de Javalambre (OAJ{\dag}1) in Spain is a young astronomical facility, conceived and developed from the beginning as a fully automated observatory with the main goal of optimizing the processes in the scientific and general operation of the Observatory. The OAJ has been particularly conceived for carrying out large sky surveys with two unprecedented telescopes of unusually large fields of view (FoV): the JST/T250, a 2.55m telescope of 3deg field of view, and the JAST/T80, an 83cm telescope of 2deg field of view. The most immediate objective of the two telescopes for the next years is carrying out two unique photometric surveys of several thousands square degrees, J-PAS{\dag}2 and J-PLUS{\dag}3, each of them with a wide range of scientific applications, like e.g. large structure cosmology and Dark Energy, galaxy evolution, supernovae, Milky Way structure, exoplanets, among many others. To do that, JST and JAST are equipped with panoramic cameras under development within the J-PAS collaboration, JPCam and T80Cam respectively, which make use of large format (~ 10k x 10k) CCDs covering the entire focal plane. This paper describes in detail, from operations point of view, a comparison between the detailed cost of the global automation of the Observatory and the standard automation cost for astronomical facilities, in reference to the total investment and highlighting all benefits obtained from this approach and difficulties encountered. The paper also describes the engineering development of the overall facilities and infrastructures for the fully automated observatory and a global overview of current status, pinpointing lessons learned in order to boost observatory operations performance, achieving scientific targets, maintaining quality requirements, but also minimizing operation cost and human resources., Comment: Global Observatory Control System GOCS

Risk stratification; Acute myeloid leukemia Estratificació del risc; Leucèmia mieloide aguda Estratificación de riesgo; Leucemia mieloide aguda The 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN 2017) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have become fundamental guidelines to assess the prognosis and postremission therapy of patients. However, they have been retrospectively validated in few studies with patients included in different treatment protocols. We analyzed 861 patients included in the Cooperativo Para el Estudio y Tratamiento de las Leucemias Agudas y Mielodisplasias-12 risk-adapted protocol, which indicates cytarabine-based consolidation for patients allocated to the ELN 2017 favorable-risk group, whereas it recommends allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) as a postremission strategy for the ELN 2017 intermediate- and adverse-risk groups. We retrospectively classified patients according to the ELN 2017, with 327 (48%), 109 (16%), and 245 (36%) patients allocated to the favorable-, intermediate-, and adverse-risk group, respectively. The 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 77% and 70% for favorable-risk patients, 52% and 46% for intermediate-risk patients, and 33% and 23% for adverse-risk patients, respectively. Furthermore, we identified a subgroup of patients within the adverse group (inv(3)/t(3;3), complex karyotype, and/or TP53 mutation/17p abnormality) with a particularly poor outcome, with a 2-year OS of 15%. Our study validates the ELN 2017 risk stratification in a large cohort of patients treated with an ELN-2017 risk-adapted protocol based on alloSCT after remission for nonfavorable ELN subgroups and identifies a genetic subset with a very poor outcome that warrants investigation of novel strategies. This study was supported (in part) by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) grants PI16/01027, PI19/1476, and PI20/01621; Health Research and Innovation Strategic Plan (PERIS) grant SLT002/16/00433 and research group support SGR 1395 and SGR 1655 from Generalitat de Catalunya; resident award “Emili Letang” 2019 (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona); and “Beca de Investigación FEHH 2019” (Fundación Española de Hematologia y Hemoterapia).

Introduction Biosimilars of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) have shown similar efficacy to originator filgrastim (Neupogen® [NEU]; Amgen Inc.) as prophylaxis in neutropenia and in the mobilization of stem cells in patients receiving combination chemotherapy with G-CSF. Methods This was a retrospective study in which the characteristics of stem cell mobilization treated with a G-CSF alone were compared in 216 patients and 56 donors. The two G-CSF compared were NEU and the biosimilar filgrastim Zarzio® (Sandoz GmbH) (referred to hereafter as BIO). Primary objectives were mobilization rate (minimum of 10 × 103/ml CD34+ on day 4 of treatment [day +4]) and use of the immunostimulant plerixafor (PLEX) in each group. Results The general characteristics of the patients receiving NEU (n = 138) and those receiving BIO (n = 78) did not differ significantly. PLEX was used in 24% of BIO patients and in 25.7% of NEU patients. The median CD34+ cell count on day +4 was significantly lower in BIO patients who needed PLEX than in those who did not (2.4 vs. 4.8 × 103/ml; p = 0.002), as was the final CD34+ cell count (2.5 vs. 3.3 × 106/kg; p 0.03). Mobilization failure rate was higher in the BIO group than in the NEU group (20 vs. 0%; p = 0.01). With respect to donors, more than one apheresis was needed in three BIO donors, one of them with PLEX. The use of BIO was the only risk factor for mobilization failure in patients who needed PLEX (hazard ratio 10.3; 95% confidence interval 1.3–77.8). Conclusion The study revealed that BIO had a lower efficacy for stem cell mobilization when the only treatment was G-CSF, especially in poor mobilizers needing PLEX.

Aula interactiva per l'aprenentatge de la programació consisteix en el desenvolupament d'una aplicació web interactiva que faciliti la docència d'assignatures de programació. Aquest aplicatiu web ha de permetre que el professor d'una assignatura de programació pugui proposar de forma interactiva exercicis, els quals, els alumnes han de poder resoldre directament a través de la interfície web mitjançant un editor de text i un compilador per tal d'executar-ho tot en un mateix entorn. El projecte, també ha de permetre la interacció entre professors i alumnes per poder proporcionar feedback entre ells. Aula interactiva para el aprendizaje de la programación consiste en el desarrollo de una aplicación web interactiva que facilite la docencia de asignaturas de programación. Este aplicativo web tiene que permitir que el profesor de una asignatura de programación pueda proponer de forma interactiva ejercicios, los cuales, los alumnos tienen que poder resolver directamente a través de la interfaz web mediante un editor de texto y un compilador para ejecutarlo todo en un mismo entorno. El proyecto, también tiene que permitir la interacción entre profesores y alumnos para poder proporcionar feedback entre ellos. Interactive classroom for the learning of programming consists in the development of an interactive web application that facilitates the teaching of programming subjects. This web application should allow the teacher of a programming subject to propose interactive exercises, which, students must be able to solve directly through the web interface using a text editor and a compiler to run everything in the same environment. The project, also, must allow the interaction between teachers and students to be able to provide feedback among them.

Hoy en día no se concibe que ningún proceso industrial no esté automatizado y menos en uno dónde se genera energía eléctrica ya que la eficiencia energética es muy importante. Por ello, el control y la supervisión sobre la planta son cruciales para un buen funcionamiento y gestión de ésta. En el presente proyecto se describe el diseño para la supervisión, control y simulación para un proceso de generación de energía eléctrica. Dicho proceso se basa en una central eléctrica de Biomasa, la cual utiliza combustible orgánico, llamado Biomasa. Este combustible se puede obtener en multitud de formas, y se quema en una caldera para producir vapor de agua. Con este vapor sobrecalentado, haciéndolo pasar por unas turbinas, conseguimos la producción de energía eléctrica. Después éste se condensa y vuelve a su estado líquido para repetir el proceso. Para la automatización de este proceso se ha utilizado como sistema de control un programa de PLC (Controlador Lógico Programable) del fabricante Allen-Bradley y Rockwell Automation y para la supervisión, un sistema SCADA (Supervisión, Control y Adquisición de Datos) de la marca Wonderware InTouch. El comportamiento de la planta se ha simulado a través de un programa embebido dentro del propio PLC.

En la actualidad, el empleo de motores de búsqueda se ha extendido de forma generalizada. Esto se ha debido principalmente a la proliferación de sitios web, a la evolución de los sistemas y las necesidades de compartir documentos y realizar búsquedas en un mundo globalizado y digitalmente conectado. Los motores de búsqueda solucionan los problemas que se presentan a la hora de realizar una búsqueda en una cantidad muy elevada de datos, permitiendo devolver resultados interesantes para el usuario mediante algoritmos de ordenación. Cabe destacar que los motores de búsqueda se encuentran muy de moda en la actualidad, no solamente por su gran éxito en la red, indexando documentos, sino también por su utilización en el mundo de las redes sociales y las modernas técnicas de Big Data. Sin embargo, esta expansión ha llevado a la creación de numerosos productos que cumplen las mismas funciones, aunque no de la misma forma. Por ello, resulta interesante observar que con este aumento de alternativas, también surge un gran número de comparativas entre ellas, a fín de encontrar la mejor bajo ciertas circunstancias. A pesar de todo, las comparativas existentes se centran demasiado en los aspectos técnicos y las características numéricas de los motores de búsqueda, y no en otro tipo de propiedades, que sí suelen evaluarse en otros sistemas. Por ello, es necesario efectuar una comparativa desde un enfoque diferente, más próximo a las necesidades de las empresas que busquen analizar más características que las del mero rendimiento., Grado en Ingeniería Informática

Minor histocompatibility antigen (miHA) mismatches have been related to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, but this association remains controversial due to the lack of consistency in the results obtained by different groups. The CTLA-4 genotype of the donor has been reported to be relevant in the appearance of acute GVHD. We explored the effect of the donor's CTLA-4 genotype in the incidence of acute GVHD associated with HA-1, HA-8, or H-Y miHA mismatches in a large cohort of 1295 patients receiving an allogeneic transplant from an HLA-identical sibling donor. The incidence of acute GVHD was higher if the donor and recipient were mismatched for HA-1, HA-8, or H-Y, but only when the donor had the CTLA-4 rs231775 AA genotype (hazard ratio [HR], 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27 to 3.75; P=.005; HR, 2.11, 95% CI, 1.06 to 4.18; P=.033; and HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.15; P=.025, respectively). In contrast, this increased risk of developing acute GVHD was not found when the donor presented the CTLA-4 rs231775 AG or GG genotypes. We conclude that the immune response to specific miHA mismatches is modulated by the CTLA-4 genotype of the donor., Supported in part by grants PI11/01690 and PI14/01646 from the Fondo de investigaciones sanitarias, Institute de Salud Carlos III, FEDER (Fondo Europeo de desarrollo regional), and grant MTV3/120210 from the Fundacio la Marato de TV3.

El present estudi té com a propòsit l’elaboració d’una metodologia de treball que permeti descriure i caracteritzar les propietats biomecàniques de l’os d’ovella. L’ús del model animal oví és molt utilitzat en la investigació i desenvolupament de pròtesis humanes i, per aquest motiu, hi ha la necessitat de poder caracteritzar les seves propietats. Les mostres d’os són sotmeses a assajos mecànics clàssics de compressió i flexió, a tres i quatre punts, per tal de caracteritzar així el seu comportament. L’estudi de l’os com a teixit viu permetrà assentar les bases necessàries per a realitzar aquest projecte

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in several tumors, although their role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is mostly unknown. We have examined the expression of the lncRNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA myeloid 1 (HOTAIRM1) in 241 AML patients. We have correlated HOTAIRM1 expression with a miRNA expression profile. We have also analyzed the prognostic value of HOTAIRM1 expression in 215 intermediate-risk AML (IR-AML) patients. The lowest expression level was observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia (P < 0.001) and the highest in t(6; 9) AML (P = 0.005). In 215 IR-AML patients, high HOTAIRM1 expression was independently associated with shorter overall survival OR: 2.04; P = 0.001), shorter leukemia-free survival (OR: 2.56; P < 0.001) and a higher cumulative incidence of relapse (OR: 1.67; P = 0.046). Moreover, HOTAIRM1 maintained its independent prognostic value within the favorable molecular subgroup (OR: 3.43; P = 0.009). Interestingly, HOTAIRM1 was overexpressed in NPM1-mutated AML (P < 0.001) and within this group retained its prognostic value (OR: 2.21; P = 0.01). Moreover, HOTAIRM1 expression was associated with a specific 33- microRNA signature that included miR-196b (P < 0.001). miR-196b is located in the HOX genomic region and has previously been reported to have an independent prognostic value in AML. miR-196b and HOTAIRM1 in combination as a prognostic factor can classify patients as high-, intermediate-, or low-risk (5-year OS: 24% vs 42% vs 70%; P = 0.004). Determination of HOTAIRM1 level at diagnosis provided relevant prognostic information in IR-AML and allowed refinement of risk stratification based on common molecular markers. The prognostic information provided by HOTAIRM1 was strengthened when combined with miR-196b expression. Furthermore, HOTAIRM1 correlated with a 33-miRNA signature., Marina Diaz-Beya is supported by ISCII (Rio Hortega CM13/00205). This research was in part supported by Fundacion Espanola de Hematologia Hemoterapia (beca de investigacion MDB). This research is also supported by grants from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias/Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI13/00999 (IP: Dr. Jordi Esteve), RETICS RD12/0036/0010 (JE; MDB) and SDCSD from School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, AECC-Catalunya 2013 (AN) (sponsored by Mat Holding). Anna Cordeiro is an APIF fellow of the University of Barcelona

This project aims to expose and implement an intervention proposal on systemic planning holistic development of a student-athlete high performance in the context of their school group of high school during the academic year. For this figure Tutor Deportivo, key in the process of personalized education student advising and guiding at all times is proposed. Link between the academic tutor, family and sports center or federation. Throughout the work the concrete application context in which the participating student operates at both sports club, school, family and personal environment will be discussed. Then, after an initial diagnostic evaluation, different learning objectives and training as well as performance, both formal and academic and sporting and personal delimiting reach. These 0bjetivos that will determine the rest of the project and planning to carry out. From here we will focus on the development of the main factors involved in the proper development of the teaching-learning and training through personalized methods. Besides the planning system and sequencing will be discussed and methods of evaluation and control continue throughout the process are indicated. Finally, assessment and conclusions reached during project development and implementation of such planning is presented. El presente proyecto pretende exponer y llevar a la práctica una propuesta de intervención sobre la planificación sistémica de la preparación holística de un alumno-deportista de alto rendimiento en el contexto de su grupo escolar de enseñanza secundaria durante el curso académico. Para ello se propone la figura del Tutor Deportivo, clave en el proceso de educación personalizada del alumno, asesorando y guiando en todo momento al mismo. Vínculo de unión entre el tutor académico, la familia y el centro deportivo o federación. A lo largo del trabajo se analizará el contexto de aplicación concreto en el que el alumno participante desarrolla su actividad a nivel tanto de club deportivo, de centro educativo, de entorno familiar y personal. Seguidamente, tras una evaluación diagnóstica inicial, se delimitan los diferentes objetivos de aprendizaje y de entrenamiento así como los de rendimiento, tanto escolar y académico como deportivos y personales a alcanzar. Estos 0bjetivos que determinarán el resto del proyecto y la planificación a llevar a cabo. A partir de aquí nos centraremos en el desarrollo de los principales factores implicados en el correcto desarrollo de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y de entrenamiento por medio de métodos personalizados. Además se expondrá el sistema de planificación y secuenciación y se indicarán los métodos de evaluación y control a seguir durante todo el proceso. Por último, se presentará la valoración y las conclusiones alcanzadas a lo largo del desarrollo del proyecto y la aplicación de dicha planificación.

Análisis de seis de las distribuciones de GNU/Linux más populares en la actualidad. Anàlisi de sis de les distribucions de GNU/Linux més populars en l'actualitat.

The performance of a genome scan for serum lipid traits at 45 and 190 d in 5 half-sib families of Duroc pigs allowed us to detect several pig chromosomal regions with significant effects on these phenotypes. In the current work, we aimed to refine the position of 1 chromosome 4 (SSC4) genome-wide significant QTL for serum triglyceride concentration at 190 d. Genotyping of 4 additional microsatellites allowed reduction of the 90% confidence interval of this QTL to the genomic interval between markers SW2409 and SW839. Sequencing experiments were performed to characterize the variability of 2 lipid-related genes, the lipoprotein receptor-related protein 12 (LRP12) and tribbles homolog 1 (TRIB1) loci, that map to this region. In this way, 2 (c.771A > G and c.1101A > G) and 1 (c.*156_157del) polymorphisms were identified at the LRP12 coding region and TRIB1 3′ untranslated region, respectively. Association analyses between LRP12 and TRIB1 genotypes did not reveal any significant effect on serum lipid concentrations, suggesting that variation of these two loci does not explain the segregation of the SSC4 QTL. However, highly significant associations were observed for gluteus medius saturated fatty acid content (LRP12 c.1101A > G, P = 0.0006; TRIB1 c.*156_157del, P = 0.0003). In the light of these and other findings, the potential involvement of LRP12 and TRIB1 in muscle lipid metabolism deserves to be further explored., This work has been funded by grants AGL2007-66707-C02 and AGL2010-22208-C02-02 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) and CSD 2007-00036 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Consolider Ingenio 2010 Program). D. Gallardo and C. Melo were funded with fellowships from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Zaragoza, respectively. R. Pena received a contractual grant from the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA, Spain). A. Zidi received a contractual grant under the framework of the Consolider project CSD 2007-00036.

The influence that the genetics of species used as food sources has on the human perception of sensory attributes has been rarely addressed in previous studies. Dry-cured hams are high-quality highly appreciated pork products obtained by salting, curing, drying, and aging processes. We performed a QTL scan for 17 sensory attributes (including appearance, taste, flavor, and texture) and the overall liking evaluated by a panel of trained tasters in both semimembranosus (SM) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles of dry-cured hams from pigs raised in identical nutrition and management conditions. The QTL scan yielded a large array of chromosome- and genomewide QTL, reflecting the complex polygenic architecture of these traits. Among them, 6 QTL affecting SM flavor attributes (aged, matured, sweetness, and umami), 7 QTL associated to SM texture defects (adhesiveness and pastiness), and a single QTL for appearance (BF color intensity) reached the genomewide significant threshold. Discrepancies were observed between the BF and SM QTL maps, probably due to the differential drying and ripening rates determined by the external (SM) vs. internal (BF) location of each muscle. Within muscle, a certain degree of pleiotropy is supported by QTL co-localization for flavor (aged, matured, and sweet) or texture (such as pastiness and adhesiveness defects caused by excessive proteolysis) attributes. On the whole, QTL for overall sensory liking tended to co-localize with aged and matured QTL. Several functional candidate genes involved in the biochemical processes that shape flavor and texture attributes, such as ANPEP, LIPE, LIPA, MEP1B, and MMP28, co-localized with QTL hotspots. These results demonstrate that genetic factors of the pig influence the perception of the sensory attributes generated during dry-cured ham processing and represent a first contribution to elucidate which genetic factors may modulate the sensory properties of dry-cured hams., D. Gallardo was supported by a fellowship from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. This study was funded with grants AGL2007-66707-C02-01 and AGL2010-22208-C02-01 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain).

El presente trabajo denominado como “Diseño de Papeles Estándar de Auditoría, basados en ISA’s” tiene por objetivo ayudar al auditor a garantizar de una manera adecuada que los papeles de trabajo de auditoría se los ha realizado de acuerdo a las Normas Internacionales de Auditoría y Aseguramiento vigentes en nuestro país. A lo largo de toda la fase de ejecución, es decir, durante el trabajo de auditoría, el auditor debe guardar las pruebas evidentes de lo realizado, no solo como un recordatorio que servirá para la elaboración del informe, sino que como un medio de demostrar, en cualquier circunstancia, la veracidad y la evidencia de los hechos, y poder expresar los procedimientos de auditoría que se emplearon así como la interpretación de cada hecho suscitado y las conclusiones obtenidas. El contenido de este trabajo de tesis se lo ha dividido en cinco capítulos. El primer capítulo de “Teoría y Antecedentes” trata sobre la Auditoría estableciendo su definición, su origen, objetivos, clasificaciones, etc.

Trabajo presentado a las Jornadas sobre Producción Animal, celebradas en Zaragoza del 17 al 18 de mayo de 2011., In the present study, results from a genome-wide eQTL scan in the pig gluteus medius muscle of a Duroc population have been further analysed in order to detect associations to lipid metabolism and meat quality traits variation. The functional classifications revealed that lipid-related GO terms and pathways were amongst the most enriched in the list of eQTLregulated genes. Subsequently, a positional concordance study between eQTL and QTL linkage maps, and a correlation analysis between phenotypes and expression levels have been carried out. These studies allowed us identifying genes whose expression levels and eQTL-regulators are expected to be directly related to the studied phenotypes. These results represent a first step towards understanding how gene networks and molecular mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism influence variation of meat quality traits in our population., Proyectos financiados por el MICIIN (GEN2003-20658-C05-05 y AGL2007-66707-C02-01).

Intramuscular fat (IMF) storage is a biological process with a strong impact on nutritional and technological properties of meat and also with rel- evant consequences on human health. The genetic ar- chitecture of IMF content and composition phenotypes has been thoroughly studied in pigs through the iden- tification of QTL and the estimation of genetic param- eters. A question that has not been elucidated yet is if the genetic determinants of IMF-related phenotypes are muscle specific or, conversely, have broad effects on the whole skeletal muscle compartment. We have ad- dressed this question by generating lipid QTL maps for 2 muscles with a high commercial value, gluteus medius (GM) and longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), in a Duroc commercial population (n = 350). Our data support a lack of concordance between the GM and LTL QTL maps, suggesting that the effects of poly- morphisms influencing IMF, cholesterol, and fatty acid contents are modulated to some extent by complex spa- tial factors related to muscle location, metabolism, and function. These results have important implications on the implementation of genomic selection schemes aimed to improve the lipid profile of swine meat. © 2011 American Society of Animal Science, All rights reserved., This study was funded with grants AGL2007-66707-C02-01 and AGL2010-22208-C02-01 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain). D. Gallardo and A. Cánovas were supported by fellowships from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria of Spain, respectively.

Trabajo presentado a las XIII Jornadas sobre Producción Animal (AIDA), celebradas en Zaragoza los días 12 y 13 de mayo de 2009., Este trabajo de investigación se ha financiado en el contexto del proyecto CICYT AGL2007-66161-C02-02 concedido por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Alí Zidi ha sido beneficiario de una beca predoctoral de la Agencia Española de Cooperación (AECI) y, posteriormente, de otra del Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG).

Trabajo presentado a las XIII Jornadas sobre producción animal, celebradas en Zaragoza del 12 al 13 de Mayo de 2009., [EN]: Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) contribute to many cellular functions including energy homeostasis and activation of nuclear transcription factors. However, to perform their diverse effects, LCFAs have first to traverse the plasma membrane, a process that can occur either through diffusion or be mediated by proteins. Fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs solute carrier family 27) are integral transmembrane proteins that enhance the uptake of long-chain fatty acids into cells. Although in humans six highly homologous FATPs proteins are found in practically all tissues, in the porcine species that information is limited. With the aim to increase the knowledge of these genes in pigs, different approaches have been followed. First, three partial fragments of FATP1 and FATP4 genes have been amplified and sequenced. Subsequently, we have used the clustalw software to identified polymorphisms in the porcine sequence. And finally, a preliminary association study was conducted identifying a polymorphism (FATP1c.491C>T) of FATP1 gene with significant effects in the relative distribution of stearic and saturated fatty acid levels in longissimus dorsi and gluteus medius muscles., Este trabajo ha sido financiado mediante el proyecto Mapeo e identificación de genes implicados en el metabolismo lipídico en porcino, la calidad de la carne y la calidad del jamón curado (AGL2007-66707-C02-02).

En el presente trabajo de graduación, se han desarrollado diez capítulos que representan un análisis de tecnologías aplicadas a equipos de electrocirugía, en dichos capítulos se han abordado y profundizado todo lo relacionado con aplicaciones de electrocirugía como análisis de tecnologías, iniciamos con generalidades de este peculiar tema, luego dedicando un capítulo para seguridad eléctrica, dentro del cual se detallan los efectos fisiológicos de la corriente, susceptibilidad y conceptos de macro y micro shock.

Background and objective: the relationship between cytokine concentrations and transplant-related complications has been studied in bone marrow transplant patients. The changes in TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 concentrations after transplantation are well documented in the literature but this is not the case for IL-8. The purpose of the present study was to investigate prospectively the plasma concentration of these cytokines and their relationship to transplant-related complications. Design and methods: pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8) levels in plasma were determined in a group of 53 patients undergoing hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. Plasma samples were collected weekly from day -7 to day +35 and stored at -70 degrees C until assayed by ELISA. The major transplant-related toxicities registered were: veno-occlusive disease (VOD), acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infectious episodes, renal failure and mucositis. Results: in spite of the great variability of plasma cytokine profiles between the different patients, we came to various conclusions. Patients' TNF-alpha and IL-1 concentrations correlated well over time. IL-6 and IL-8 profiles were similar and correlated well with febrile episodes. In some cases, an increase in IL-6 preceded hematologic recovery. In our study, increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and especially IL-8 correlated with hepatic or renal dysfunction as evaluated by increased bilirubin and creatinine in plasma, while pulmonary complications correlated only with increased IL-6 levels. Allogeneic transplant patients had a tendency to have higher TNF-alpha concentrations than autologous transplant patients, probably because an allogeneic transplant is associated with more transplant-related toxicity. Basal disease usually had no effect on cytokine profiles. Interpretation and conclusions: IL-6 and IL-8 were the only cytokines studied whose increase correlated with febrile episodes. High IL-8 values may be a useful predictor of renal dysfunction and pulmonary disease and seems to trigger off high IL-6 levels. Plasma TNF-alpha and IL-1 concentrations during the posttransplant period have not been shown to be predictive of the development of transplant-related complications, and none of the profiles was recognized to be specific for a particular complication in this study.

Introduction Patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetic AML (IR-AML) have a heterogeneous prognosis, and are currently further stratified based on determined gene mutations. However, the optimal post-remission therapy, especially in younger patients, is unclear. Recently, miR-3151, a novel microRNA (miRNA) located in intron 1 of the BAALC gene, has been identified. High miR-3151 expression –either alone or in combination with high BAALClevels– independently correlates with poor prognosis in patients ≥ 60 years with normal cytogenetics AML (CN-AML) (Eisfeld AK, et al. Blood 2012). However, the prognostic value of miR-3151 in younger patients (≤60 years) with IR-AML has not been examined. We hypothesized that miR-3151 expression could also be a prognostic marker in younger patients. Aim To analyze whether miR-3151 expression – either alone or in combination with BAALC– improved prognostic assessment in younger patients (up to 60 years) with IR-AML and to characterize in this subset of patients the miRNA signature associated with high miR-3151 expression. Methods Samples were available from two separate cohorts of patients with IR-AML who had received intensive therapy: a training set of 76 patients from a single institution and a validation set of 108 patients from several centers who had been treated within the CETLAM AML-2003 protocol. Information on NPM1, FLT3-ITD and CEBPA was available for both patient cohorts. The expression levels of 670 miRNAs had previously been analyzed in the 76 patients in the training set. In the present study, the expression of miR-3151 and BAALC was analyzed using TaqMan® MicroRNA Assay and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay (Applied Biosystems), respectively. Expression levels of miR-3151 and BAALC –both alone and in combination – were correlated with patient outcome. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS v.15.0.1, R software v.2.9.0 and TIGR MultiExperiment Viewerv4.0. Results In the training set, higher expression of miR-3151(dichotomized by its median value of normalized expression) correlated with a shorter 5-year overall survival (OS) (32%±17% vs. 61±17%, p=0.029) and 5-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) (29%±17% vs. 58±17%, p=0.036) in patients ≤ 60 yrs. When the analysis was restricted to patients with CN-AML, miR-3151 expression retained its prognostic significance (p= 0.016). In addition, increased BAALCexpression was associated with shorter OS (28%±20% vs. 58±14%, p=0.054) and LFS (17%±18% vs. 55±14%, p=0.039). In the multivariate analysis for OS and LFS, including age, WBC, NPM1mut, FLT3-ITD, BAALC and miR-3151 expression levels as covariates, miR-3151 showed independent prognostic significance for OS (p=0.016; HR=2.52, 95% CI: 1.2-5.4),and a statistical trend for LFS (p=0.09). Patients with low expression of both miR-3151 and BAALC had better prognosis (OS: 66%±18% vs. 34±16%, p=0.027; LFS: 67%±20% vs. 27±16%, p=0.009).Interestingly, the combination of both miR-3151 and BAALC retained a significant prognostic value for LFS within the favorable molecular subgroup/ ELN favorable subgroup (patients harboring NPM1mut without FLT3-ITD or biallelic CEBPAmut; LFS: 44%±30% vs. 100%, p=0.017) and showed a trend in the unfavorable molecular subgroup/ELN Intermediate I&II subgroups (patients lacking both NPM1 and CEBPA mutations and/or harboring FLT3-ITD; OS: p=0.064 and LFS: p=0.072). In the validation set, miR-3151 overexpression confirmed its prognostic impact in patients in the univariate analysis for OS (45%±12% vs. 26±19%, p=0.039) and LFS (51%±14% vs. 30±24%, p=0.034) and in the multivariate analysis for OS (OS: p=0.038; HR 1.88, IC 95%: 1.06-3.34) and LFS (p= 0.014; HR 2.411 (1.198-4.855) Finally, a supervised analysis revealed that samples exhibiting high levels of miR-3151 expression had a distinctive miRNA signature including miR-509, miR-135a, miR-100*, miR-186*, let-7a* and miR-501. Conclusion miR-3151 is an independent prognostic marker in patients with IR-AML. The study of miR-3151 refines the molecular prognostic stratification of these patients and hence could be of help to guide therapy. Acknowledgments Marina Díaz-Beyá is supported by Fundación Española de Hematologia y Hemoterapia. This research is supported by Sociedad Española de Hematologia y Hemoterapia and by grants from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias FIS-PI080158. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

A metasurface is a two dimensional periodic structure which possessesmacroscopic equivalent electromagnetic properties such as anisotropy, negativerefractive index and Electromagnetic Band Gaps (EBG). EBGs havebeen used for the design of waveguide lters and gap waveguides. In thisthesis, a transition between stripline and waveguide technology is designedfor the standard 5G frequency band of 28 GHz. In addition, a metasurfacewill be designed and placed in the surroundings of this transition with theobjective of suppressing the leakage that appears in the air gap between thePrinted Circuit Board (PCB) and the waveguide ange.The transition is embedded in the PCB technology while the metasurfaceis built in two dierent technologies at each layer: PCB and holey metal.There are non existing studies of this hybrid composition of a metasurface,therefore, a thorough study of this structure has been carried. The proposedtechnology simplies the connection between elements, avoiding the leakagedue to imperfect connection between layers.Commercial software CST Microwave Studio Suite is used for simulations.A prototype has been built and measurements have been carried outin order to compare the simulation results with a real manufactured design. En metayta är en tvådimensionell periodisk struktur med ekvivalentamakroskopiska elektromagnetiska egenskaper som exempelvis anisotropi, negativt brytningsindex och elektromagnetiska bandgap (EBG). EBG:er har bland annat använts vid konstruktion av vågledarfilter och gap-vågledare. Detta examensarbete omfattar konstruktionen av en övergång mellan striplineledning i mönsterkortsteknik och vågledare för det för 5G utpekade 28 GHzbandet. Specifikt inkluderar konstruktionen en metayta för undertryckning av läckage i det gap som kan uppstå mellan mönsterkort och vågledarfläns.Ö vergången är implementerad i mönsterkortsteknik medan metaytan är en hybrid-lösning realiserad i två olika tekniker, i respektive transmissionsledningslager: mönsterkort och metall. Eftersom det saknas tidigare publikationer av denna typ av hybrid-lösning har en detaljerad studie genomförts. Den föreslagna lösningen förenklar anslutningen mellan mönsterkort och vågledare, och undertrycker det läckage som skulle kunna uppträda i gapet mellan de två lagren.För simuleringarna har CST Microwave Studio använts och en prototyp har tillverkats och mätts för att verifiera den framtagna övergången ochlösningen för undertryckning av läckage.