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1. Stepwise Biogenesis of Subpopulations of Lipid Droplets in Nitrogen Starved Phaeodactylum tricornutum Cells

Author

Jaussaud, Antoine, Lupette, Josselin, Salvaing, Juliette, Jouhet, Juliette, Bastien, Olivier, Gromova, Marina, Maréchal, Eric, LIPID, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, Magnetic Resonance (RM ), Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux (MEM), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), DRF Impulsion program from CEA (RMN-Biocar), ANR-11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-15-IDEX-0002,UGA,IDEX UGA(2015), ANR-10-LABX-0004,CeMEB,Mediterranean Center for Environment and Biodiversity(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Energy-Michigan State University Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, Magnetic Resonance (RM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), ANR-11-BTBR-0008/11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-15-IDEX-02,UGA,IDEX UGA(2016), ANR–10–LABEX–04 ,GRAL,Labex, and ANR-17-EURE-0003,University Grenoble Alpes graduate school

Subjects
lipids, Phaeodactylum, lipid droplet, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Plant Science, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Triacylglycerol, Original Research, diatoms
Abstract

International audience; Diatoms are unicellular heterokonts, living in oceans and freshwaters, exposed to frequent environmental variations. They have a sophisticated membrane compartmentalization and are bounded by a siliceous cell-wall. Formation of lipid droplets (LDs), filled with triacylglycerol (TAG), is a common response to stress. The proteome of mature-LDs from Phaeodactylum tricornutum highlighted the lack of proteins involved in early-LD formation, TAG biosynthesis or LD-to-LD connections. These features suggest that cytosolic LDs might reach a size limit. We analyzed the dynamics of LD formation in P. tricornutum (Pt1 8.6; CCAP 1055/1) during 7 days of nitrogen starvation, by monitoring TAG by mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, and LD radius using epifluorescence microscopy and pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance. We confirmed that mature LDs reach a maximal size. Based on pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance, we did not detect any LD-LD fusion. Three LD subpopulations were produced, each with a different maximal size, larger-sized LDs (radius 0.675 ± 0.125 µm) being generated first. Mathematical modeling showed how smaller LDs are produced once larger LDs have reached their maximum radius. In a mutant line having larger cells, the maximal size of the first LD subpopulation was higher (0.941 ± 0.169 µm), while the principle of stepwise formation of distinct LD populations was maintained. Results suggest that LD size is determined by available cytosolic space and sensing of an optimal size reached in the previous LD subpopulation. Future perspectives include the unraveling of LD-size control mechanisms upon nitrogen shortage. This study also provides novel prospects for the optimization of oleaginous microalgae for biotechnological applications.

Published
2020
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2. Применение правил перспективы в изобразительном искусстве. Анализ картин художников

Author

Gromova Marina Sergeevna and Semenova Nina Konstantinovna

Subjects
произведение изобразительного искусства, линейная перспектива, анализ картины
Abstract

статья посвящена анализу произведений изобразительного искусства с точки зрения применения правил линейной перспективы. Выявлены основные приемы, которые используют художники для создания желаемого эффекта от восприятия картины.

Published
2018

3. Biological decontamination of radionuclides in industrial and environmental water using a new highly radioresistant microalga

Author

Rivasseau, Corinne, Saint Cyr, Diane de Gouvion, Atteia, Ariane, Gromova, Marina, Fahri, Emmanuel, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (BIP ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Direction des Sciences de la Matière, Institut LAUE LANGEVIN, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
environmental water, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Depollution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], nuclear industry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, decontamination, radionuclide, microalga, biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; Nuclear energy technologies generate radioactive and chemically toxic compounds including mainly carbon-14 and radioactive metals. Treatment processes rely on physico-chemical methods, which, though efficient and robust, do not completely remove carbon-14 and are not adapted to large environmental volumes. Alternative technologies are needed to reduce radioactive releases in aqueous effluents or to clean-up accidentally contaminated water. Biological remediation technologies may constitute an interesting alternative. We recently isolated a new microalga from a nuclear facility, Coccomyxa actinabiotis, which withstands huge ionizing radiation doses, up to 20,000 Gy. This microalga very efficiently and rapidly accumulates most of the metallic radionuclides contained in nuclear effluents including 238U, 137Cs, 110mAg, 60Co, 54Mn and 65Zn with decontamination rates above 90%. It decontaminates more than 85% of carbon-14 in a few hours. This alga is an excellent candidate for new biotechnology methods. The process feasibility was demonstrated at real-scale for in situ decontamination and pilote-scale for remote water treatment. These algae-based methods could be used inside nuclear facilities, where they would complement or replace conventional methods and reduce the volume of radioactive waste, at the exit point from nuclear facilities to reduce radioactive emissions into the environment, or for the decontamination of accidentally polluted water.

Published
2015

4. KOMPETENTNOSTNY APPROACH IN THE ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS OF ACTIVITY OF TEACHERS OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN

Author

Gromova Marina Valentinovna

Subjects
lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:H
Abstract

Aim. Justification of need of application of a kompetentnostny approach in an assessment of results of activity of teachers of additional education of children was the main objective of carried-out research. Method and methodology of carrying out work. Sociological poll of heads of educational institutions of additional education of children in the Yaroslavl region in the form of questioning was carried out; the content analysis of scientific literature on this perspective is carried out. Results. As a result of research the materials confirming need of improvement of developed system of an assessment of results of activity of teachers of additional education of children on the basis of models of competences are received Scope of results. Results of research can be applied in the human resource management sphere in educational institutions of additional education of children.

Published
2012

5. Massive production of butanediol during plant infection by phytopathogenic bacteria of the genera Dickeya and Pectobacterium

Author

Effantin, Géraldine, Rivasseau, Corinne, Gromova, Marina, Bligny, Richard, Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat, Nicole, Trafic et signalisation membranaires chez les bactéries (MTSB), Microbiologie, adaptation et pathogénie (MAP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Virulence Factors, Pectobacterium, metabolite, Carbohydrates, plant, Nuclear magnetic resonance, butanediol biosynthesis, phytopathogen, Enterobacteriaceae, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acids, Dickeya, bacteria, Butylene Glycols, Plant Diseases, Virulence, Gene Expression Profiling, fungi, food and beverages, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Plants, NMR, Genes, Bacterial, gene expression, Metabolome, budA, budB, budC, physiopathology, metabolism, Gene Deletion
Abstract

International audience; Plant pathogenic bacteria of the genera Dickeya and Pectobacterium are broad-host-range necrotrophs which cause soft-rot diseases in important crops. A metabolomic analysis, based on (13) C-NMR spectroscopy, was used to characterize the plant-bacteria interaction. Metabolic profiles revealed a decline in plant sugars and amino acids during infection and the concomitant appearance of a compound identified as 2,3-butanediol. Butanediol is the major metabolite found in macerated tissues of various host plants. It is accumulated during the symptomatic phase of the disease. Different species of Dickeya or Pectobacterium secrete high levels of butanediol during plant infection. Butanediol has been described as a signalling molecule involved in plant/bacterium interactions and, notably, able to induce plant systemic resistance. The bud genes, involved in butanediol production, are conserved in the phytopathogenic enterobacteria of the genera Dickeya, Pectobacterium, Erwinia, Pantoea and Brenneria. Inactivation of the bud genes of Dickeya dadantii revealed that the virulence of budA, budB and budR mutants was clearly reduced. The genes budA, budB and budC are highly expressed during plant infection. These data highlight the importance of butanediol metabolism in limiting acidification of the plant tissue during the development of the soft-rot disease caused by pectinolytic enterobacteria.

Published
2011
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6. Spectroscopic investigation of ionizing-radiation tolerance of a Chlorophyceae green micro-alga

Author

Farhi, Emmanuel, Rivasseau, Corinne, Gromova, Marina, Compagnon, Estelle, Marzloff, Vincent, Ollivier, Jacques, Boisson, Anne-Marie, Bligny, Richard, Natali, Francesca, Russo, Daniela, Couté, Alain, Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPCI ParisTech, Laboratoire de Cryptogamie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ecosystèmes et Interactions Toxiques, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
ionizing irradiation, organic acid, Algae, microalgae, metabolite, nuclear magnetic resistance, water cooling system, NMR, radioresistance, Chlorophyceae, carbohydrate, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, nuclear reactor, metabolism, amino acid, mass spectrometry
Abstract

International audience; Micro-organisms living in extreme environments are captivating in the peculiar survival processes they have developed. Deinococcus radiodurans is probably the most famous radio-resistant bacteria. Similarly, a specific ecosystem has grown in a research reactor storage pool, and has selected organisms which may sustain radiative stress. An original green micro-alga which was never studied for its high tolerance to radiations has been isolated. It is the only autotrophic eukaryote that develops in this pool, although contamination possibilities coming from outside are not unusual. Studying what could explain this irradiation tolerance is consequently very interesting. An integrative study of the effects of irradiation on the micro-algae physiology, metabolism, internal dynamics, and genomics was initiated. In the work presented here, micro-algae were stressed with irradiation doses up to 20 kGy (2 Mrad), and studied by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, looking for modifications in the metabolism, and on the IN13 neutron backscattering instrument at the ILL, looking for both dynamics and structural macromolecular changes in the cells.

Published
2008

7. In Plants, 3-O-Methylglucose Is Phosphorylated by Hexokinase But Not Perceived as a Sugar1

Author

Cortès, Sandra, Gromova, Marina, Evrard, Adeline, Roby, Claude, Heyraud, Alain, Rolin, Dominique B., Raymond, Philippe, and Brouquisse, Renaud M.

Subjects
Carbon Isotopes, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Cell Respiration, Arabidopsis, Glucose-6-Phosphate, Phosphorus Isotopes, Plant Development, Plants, Plant Roots, Zea mays, Carbon, Kinetics, Solanum lycopersicum, Hexokinase, Endopeptidases, 3-O-Methylglucose, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Phosphorylation, Research Article, Peptide Hydrolases, Plant Proteins, Signal Transduction
Abstract

In plants, sugars are the main respiratory substrates and important signaling molecules in the regulation of carbon metabolism. Sugar signaling studies suggested that sugar sensing involves several key components, among them hexokinase (HXK). Although the sensing mechanism of HXK is unknown, several experiments support the hypothesis that hexose phosphorylation is a determining factor. Glucose (Glc) analogs transported into cells but not phosphorylated are frequently used to test this hypothesis, among them 3-O-methyl-Glc (3-OMG). The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects and fate of 3-OMG in heterotrophic plant cells. Measurements of respiration rates, protein and metabolite contents, and protease activities and amounts showed that 3-OMG is not a respiratory substrate and does not contribute to biosynthesis. Proteolysis and lipolysis are induced in 3-OMG-fed maize (Zea mays L. cv DEA) roots in the same way as in sugar-starved organs. However, contrary to the generally accepted idea, phosphorous and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and enzymatic assays prove that 3-OMG is phosphorylated to 3-OMG-6-phosphate, which accumulates in the cells. Insofar as plant HXK is involved in sugar sensing, these findings are discussed on the basis of the kinetic properties because the catalytic efficiency of HXK isolated from maize root tips is five orders of magnitude lower for 3-OMG than for Glc and Man.

Published
2003

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