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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jcn-10.1177_08830738231169411 for Neuroimaging Findings in Vitamin B12-Deficient Infants With Neurologic Features by Anjali Yadav, Chandrika Azad, Ravinder Kaur, Vishal Guglani, Seema Gupta and Sukanya Mitra in Journal of Child Neurology

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jcn-10.1177_08830738231169411 for Neuroimaging Findings in Vitamin B12-Deficient Infants With Neurologic Features by Anjali Yadav, Chandrika Azad, Ravinder Kaur, Vishal Guglani, Seema Gupta and Sukanya Mitra in Journal of Child Neurology

Pleurotus sajor-caju is an important edible mushroom species due encompassing significant medicinal and nutritional values, popularly cultivated worldwide. It contains several essential components such as proteins, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Therefore, present study evaluated the growth and yield of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) after the treatment of various doses of a plant hormone, Kinetin. Pleurotus sajor-caju was cultivated on wheat straw and sprayed with different doses of kinetin i.e. 10 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm three times. All three flushes were collected and measured for total biomass production of mushroom. The results indicate that the hormonal treatment was able to enhance the biomass production in mushroom. Yield was found to increase from 8% to 27% as compared to control and the mushroom biomass from various treatment was 10 ppm (414 g), 50 ppm (482 g) and 100 ppm (298 g).

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important members of the immune system regulating the host responses to infection and neoplasms. Tregs prevent autoimmune disorders by protecting the host-cells from an immune response, related to the peripheral tolerance. However, tumor cells use Tregs as a shield to protect themselves against anti-tumor immune response. Thus, Tregs are a hurdle in achieving the complete potential of anti-cancer therapies including immunotherapy. This has prompted the development of novel adjuvant therapies that obviate their negative effects thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. Our earlier studies have shown the efficacy of the glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) by reducing the induced Tregs pool and enhance immune stimulation as well as local tumor control. These findings have suggested its potential for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy, besides radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review provides a brief account of the current status of Tregs as a component of the immune-biology of tumors and various preclinical and clinical strategies pursued to obviate the limitations imposed by them in achieving therapeutic efficacy., Video abstract Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/15w_KNRWHVs

Amit Verma,1 Rohit Mathur,2 Abdullah Farooque3,†, Vandana Kaul,4 Seema Gupta,5 Bilikere S Dwarakanath6 1Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; 2Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; 3Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Georgia, GA, USA; 4Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; 5Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; 6Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China†Dr. Abdullah Farooque passed away on August 19, 2016Correspondence: Seema GuptaLombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USAEmail sg1335@georgetown.eduBilikere S DwarakanathShanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail dwarakanath@sphic.org.cnAbstract: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important members of the immune system regulating the host responses to infection and neoplasms. Tregs prevent autoimmune disorders by protecting the host-cells from an immune response, related to the peripheral tolerance. However, tumor cells use Tregs as a shield to protect themselves against anti-tumor immune response. Thus, Tregs are a hurdle in achieving the complete potential of anti-cancer therapies including immunotherapy. This has prompted the development of novel adjuvant therapies that obviate their negative effects thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. Our earlier studies have shown the efficacy of the glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) by reducing the induced Tregs pool and enhance immune stimulation as well as local tumor control. These findings have suggested its potential for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy, besides radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review provides a brief account of the current status of Tregs as a component of the immune-biology of tumors and various preclinical and clinical strategies pursued to obviate the limitations imposed by them in achieving therapeutic efficacy.Keywords: T-regulatory cells, cyclophosphamide, dendritic cells, immune enhancement, targeted cancer therapy, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, metabolic inhibitor

1. Their applications are found to be good in improvement of the health of organisms. S ome plants are blood booster and u sed as hematinics . Use of med icinal plants, as herbal remedy for the maintenance of good health may be helpful in production of healthy fishes and improving the pisci culture 2 . One of the important medicinal herb is Eclipta alba (family Asteraceae), commonly called as B hringraja 3 . All parts (leaf, stem and root) of th is herb exhibited medicinal properties. 4

A major area of application of emotional intelligence may be seen in the field of education. It is of great significance in education and teaching as it helps the teachers understand their students in a better way. Research indicates that social and emotional skills are associated with success in many areas of life, including effective teaching, student learning, quality relationships and academic performance. Emotional intelligence helps the teachers to design their pedagogical approach according to the requirement of the classrooms. The present study discusses the basic concept of emotional intelligence its theoretical models and the approaches which are now gaining popularity in this context. It also explores the relationships of emotional intelligence with education and presents a developmental model of emotional intelligence in relation to education and also the importance of emotional intelligence for teachers.

Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 055, Rajasthan, India E-mail : rnp _1949@yahoo.co.in Manuscript received 02 September 2008, revised 08 September 2010, accepted 15 September 2010 2+2 Cyclocondensation reactions of 1,9-diaminononane with a-diketones viz. 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3-hexanedione or 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione in the presence of metal ions as templates have afforded hexacoordinated complexes of the general formula [MLX2] (where M = Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba; L = N4 macrocycle having 26-membered ring and X = Cl or NCS). The resulting macrocyclic complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, conductance measurements and IR and 1H NMR spectra.

A 45-year female presented with a sudden eruption of multiple brownish black nodular lesions since 5 months over the face, trunk and extremities which were clinically diagnosed as a case of nodular malignant melanoma. Histopathologically, they revealed the secondaries from carcinoma rectum.

A 6-year-old male child had linear scaly erythematous band on the penis, undersuface of penis, extending to the scrotum since birth. He was diagnosed clinically as well as histopathologically as a case of naevoid psoriasis.

Cryoablation is one of the established treatment modalities for prostate cancer management. Although, it is target specific, it may still lead to damage to the nerve fibers around the prostate tumor. In this study, by directly exposing the co-cultures of prostate cancer cells, PC-3 and Schwann cell-Dorsal Root Ganglion neuron (SC-DRG) to cryo-shock and by exposing SC-DRG to cryo-shock conditioned media (CSCM) obtained from PC-3 cells, robust neuro-protective effects were observed. Since this neuro-protective effect originated from cryotherapy-treated PC-3 cells, the presence of putative factors secreted by PC-3 cells in the medium following cryo-shock was analyzed. Using human cytokine antibody array analysis, differential release of cytokines in CSCM was observed with induced release of cytokines involved in neuro-protection like IL-1α, MIP-4, MIP-5, Leptin, IL-15 and ICAM-1 with simultaneous inhibition of TNFRI and TNFRII that are implicated in killing of nerve cells. Further, using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time Of Flight (MALDI-TOF) sequencing, two proteins were identified namely, CypA (cyclophilin A) and NM23 (nonmetastatic protein 23) in the CSCM. CypA functions as a mediator of intracellular as well as extracellular neuro-protective mechanisms and NM23 has been implicated as a potential suppressor protein of tumor metastasis. Thus, this study revealed the presence of factors in CSCM that has the potential to protect normal neuronal cells and suppress metastasis.

Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004, Rajasthan, India E-mail: rnp_1949@yahoo.co.in Manuscript received 20 April 2007, accepted 7 September 2007 MgII, CaII, SrIIand BaIIcomplexes of the general formula [MLX1] (where L = tetraazamacrocycle having 22-membered ring and X= Cl-or NCS-) have been synthesized by 2+2 cyclocondcnsation of 1,7-diaminoheptane with a-diketones viz. 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3- hexanedione or 1-phenyl-1,2-propancdione in the presence of metal ions as templates. The resulting macrocyclic complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses (M, N and Cl), conductances and IR and 1H NMR spectral studies.

To address the functional role of radiation-induced transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling in a normal epithelial background, we selected a spontaneously immortalized lung epithelial cell line derived from the normal lung tissue of a dominant-negative mutant of the TGF-beta RII (DeltaRII) transgenic mouse that conditionally expressed DeltaRII under the control of the metallothionein promoter (MT-1), and assessed this cell line's response to radiation.A spontaneously immortalized lung epithelial cell culture (SILECC) was established and all analyses were performed within 50 passages. Colony-forming and terminal transferase dUPT nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays were used to assess clonogenic inhibition and apoptosis, respectively. Western-blot analysis was performed to assess the kinetics of p21, bax, and RII proteins. Transforming growth factor-beta-responsive promoter activity was measured using dual-luciferase reporter assay.Exposure to ZnSO(4) inhibited TGF-beta signaling induced either by recombinant TGF-beta1 or ionizing radiation. The SILECC, treated with either ZnSO(4) or neutralizing antibody against TGF-beta, showed a significant increase in radio-resistance compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the expression of DeltaRII inhibited the radiation-induced up-regulation of the TGF-beta effector gene p21(waf1/cip1).Our findings imply that inhibition of radiation-induced TGF-beta signaling via abrogation of the RII function enhances the radio-resistance of normal lung epithelial cells, and this can be directly attributed to the loss of TGF-beta signaling function.

A 38-year-old male had arthritis since 8 years and erythematous papules, plaques, cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules over face, ears, trunk, and extensors of arms since 2 years, Histopathologically, presence of multiple foreign body giant cells confirmed the clinical diagnosis of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. Unusual associations were: tapered fingers with depressed scars on their tips, low ESR - (5mm 1st hour). Raynaud′s phenomenon and exaggeration of lesions after methotrexate.

Comparative histopathology was studied in 25 cases of scabies versus 25 cases of nodular scabies which were selected from Dermato-Venereology out patients. Salient differences observed were that in scabies lifting of stratum corneum at places was seen in all 100% cases, spongiosis in 100%, spongiotic vesicles in 28%, burrows in 56%, mite in 40% and vasculitis in 28% whereas in nodular scabies acanthosis was seen in 100%, pseudo epitheliomatous hyperplasia in 8%, burrows in 48%, mite in 24% and vasculitis in 84%. In nodular scabies, dermal infiltrate in 32% cases was arranged as lymphoid follicles with admixture of plasma cells and eosinophils.

102 cases of leprosy were studied clinically and histopathologically according to Ridleyâ€s scale of 1977; 8 odd cases of leprosy where criteria were not exactly fulfilled were excluded. Clinico-histopathological correlation (CHC) was studied in 94/102 cases. CHC was seen in 75/94 (79.7%). 63/102 cases had hypopigmented macules with variable degree of anaesthesia and CHC was seen in 49/63 (77.7%)

School of Studies in Chemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior-474 011, India E-mail : gwlsosmica@sancharnet.in Fax : 91-0751-346209 Manuscript received 18 January 2001, revised 26 April 2002, accepted 14 May 2002 The electrochemical behavior of 2-(4'-sulfonamoyl)hydrazono-1,2-(2"-methyl)phenylaminobutane-1,3-diones was studied both at DME and GC electrodes. All arylhydrazones gave one four-electron, diffusion-controlled, irreversible wave/peak corresponding to the reduc­tion of hydrazono group. On the basis of polarography, cyclic voltammetry, coulometry, end-product identification and spectral analysis, a redox mechanism has been suggested for the reduction of arylhydrazones at DME and GC electrodes.

School of Studies in Chemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior-474 011, India Manuscript received 10 November 1998, revised 2 August 1999, accepted 13 August 1999 The electrochemical behaviour of 3-(4'-sulphonamoyl)hydrazono-4-phenylaminobutane-2,4-drones has been studied over a wide pH range at dropping mercury and glassy carbon electrodes. These aryl hydrazones give one four-electron wave/peak cor­responding to the reduction of hydrazono group. The wave/peak is found to be diffusion-controlled and irreversible in na­ture. A reduction mechanism is suggested for the aryl hydrazones.

School of Studies in Chemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior-474 011, India Manuscript received 21 January 1999, revised 2 August 1999, accepted 13 August 1999 Electrochemical reduction of 4-(4'-sulphonamoyl)hydrazono-3-methyl-2-isoxazolin-5-ones has been studied over a wide pH range at dme and GC electrodes. These compounds give single, four-electron wave/peak corresponding to the reduction of hydrazono group. On the basis of polarography, cyclic voltammetry, coulometry and product identification, a reaction mecha­nism is proposed for the reduction of hydrazono group.

One 50 year old female had recurrent vesiculobullous lesions and progressive dysphagia since 3 months. Both complaints started almost simultaneously, although she had dyspepsia and indigestion since 1 year. Histopathology confirmed that she had pemphigus foliaceous ano associated squamous cell carcinoma of oesophagus. The co-existence of pemphigus and malignancy is unusual. The two conditions may be causally related as pemphigus antibodies may lead to production or release of squamous cell carcinoma related antigens. Present case is being reported because of its rare association

Trauma associated with break in continuity of skin results in inocalation of M. leprae at the site of injury with resultant development of inoculation leprosy. The present report records a case of inoculation leprosy after ear-piercing in a 45 year old female with positive smears and borderline lepromatous histopathology, due most probably to systematic steroids.

A 43 year old female had progressive indolent, firm, tender, nodular swellings with multiple sinuses discharging pus containing black granules on left foot and ankle since 3 years. Smear of granule showed dark brown irregular mass with hyphae towards the periphery. Superimposed E. coli infection was treated with cefadroxyl 500 mg B.D Histopathologically marked acanthosis of epidermis , dense collection of mononuclear PMNLâ€s, plasma cells around granules of maduramycosis were seen. X-ray foor showed osteolytic lesions and culture was negative. Satisfactory and progressive improvement occurred after 7 weeks of therapy with ketoconozole 200 mg.

Forty-one cases of psoriatic arthropathy (PA) were selected for the study. Biopsy, x rays of hands, feet, cervical and dorsolumbar spine, sacro-iliac joints and routine investigations were carried out. Clinical diagnosis of psoriasis was confirmed histopathologically. Radiological changes in order of frequency were most common in feet - 26/41, hands - 24/41, sacro-iliac joints -11/41, dorso-lumbar spine - 4/41 and cervical spine - 3/41. Distinctive radiological changes were seen in psoriatic arthritis.

Presence of recurrent herpes labialis with resultant secondary vitiligo associated with recurrent erythema multiforme further leading to depigmentation of skin in relation to target shaped maculopapular lesions in two real sisters was observed as a unique phenomenon which probably has not been reported earlier.

A rare case of nodular colloid degeneration is reported which presented clinically as plaques studded with soft yellow papules simulating adult colloid milia superimposed only on herpes zoster scars of right side of the face.

The thesis is set to examine the nature of rural poverty dynamics in India and its relation to social protection schemes. In place of static monetary or consumption-based measures, the thesis focuses on multidimensional poverty measures which is able to differentiate stochastic poverty from structural one. The empirical analyses are proceeded with four research questions:1) What are the interlinkages between various dimensions of well-being in relation to poverty dynamics? 2) What explains poverty dynamics in India and are these dynamics different for different measures of poverty? 3) Can we establish a link between social protection policies and poverty dynamics? and 4) What are the transformational effect of these policies? These research questions are assessed quantitatively using the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) data for the years 2005 and 2011 as well as qualitatively by conducting face to face interviews and focus group discussions in four villages of one of the poorest states in India. A decomposition analysis on multidimensional poverty to ascertain the interdependencies between transitions in deprivation of multiple dimensions of poverty is also undertaken. Chapter 1 provides contextual background of the research and lays down research questions. Chapter 2 presents a theoretical literature review on poverty and its causes and outlines the importance of multidimensional poverty dynamics. Chapter 3 reviews empirical literature on poverty dynamics and its causes with a special focus on India. Chapters 4 provides an analysis of relationship between social protection and poverty dynamics. Chapter 5 explains the data used in this study and the methodology adopted to answer the research questions. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 provide empirical investigations into poverty dynamics and social protection in India. Chapter 9 summarises key findings and discusses policy implications and future research directions.