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The purpose of regulatory data minimization obligations is to limit personal data to the absolute minimum necessary for a given context. Beyond the initial data collection, storage, and processing, data minimization is also required for subsequent data releases, as it is the case when data are provided using query-capable Web APIs. Data-providing Web APIs, however, typically lack sophisticated data minimization features, leaving the task open to manual and all too often missing implementations. In this paper, we address the problem of data minimization for data-providing, query-capable Web APIs. Based on a careful analysis of functional and non-functional requirements, we introduce Janus, an easy-to-use, highly configurable solution for implementing legally compliant data minimization in GraphQL Web APIs. Janus provides a rich set of information reduction functionalities that can be configured for different client roles accessing the API. We present a technical proof-of-concept along with experimental measurements that indicate reasonable overheads. Janus is thus a practical solution for implementing GraphQL APIs in line with the regulatory principle of data minimization., Comment: Preprint version (2022-03-18) This version of the contribution has been accepted for publication at the 22nd International Conference on Web Engineering (ICWE 2022), Bari, Italy

ispartof: Online proceedings of the International workshop on Fair, Effective And Sustainable Talent management using data science ispartof: International workshop on Fair, Effective And Sustainable Talent management using data science at European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML PKDD) location:Online date:13 Sep - 17 Sep 2021 status: accepted

Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBD) represent a growing global burden for both human and animal health. Tick-host-pathogen interactions have evolved through dynamic processes that accommodated the genetic traits of the hosts, pathogens transmitted, and the vector tick species that mediate their development and survival. As in other parasites, proteases and proteolysis have been found as one of the key factors in this interaction triangle. This thesis is focused on selected proteolytic aspects of tick and tick-borne diseases: (i) processing of host blood as a source of nutrients and energy (hematophagy) as a continuum of the long-term goal of the Laboratory of Vector Immunology, that established the currently accepted model of multienzyme degradation of host blood proteins by ticks (ii) proteases in innate immunity (iii) validation of Babesia proteasome as a potential therapeutic target against the tick transmitted apicomplexan parasites.

Supplemental material, JCB900543 Supplemental Figures for Mild pericyte deficiency is associated with aberrant brain microvascular flow in aged PDGFRβ+/− mice by Ashley N Watson, Andree-Anne Berthiaume, Anna V Faino, Konnor P McDowell, Narayan R Bhat, David A Hartmann and Andy Y Shih in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

Includes supplementary material The thesis investigates the feasibility of duty cycling the GPS receiver onboard small satellites like NPSAT1 in order to repurpose power savings in ways that would better serve the satellite’s mission. Orbital propagation software run on onboard computer hardware produces accurate ephemeris data over short periods without continued GPS input. Longer periods relying on propagator ephemeris translate to greater power savings, but it also means increasing positional error. In order to better define the trade space between time and error of common propagators, Systems Tool Kit software was used to test the accuracy of the Two-Body and Simplified General Perturbations-4 propagators over time against positions measured by the Joint Space Operations Center. Two-Body propagators’ error response varies as a function of altitude and inclination, with the worst case requiring GPS updates up to twice an orbit. Simplified General Perturbations-4 propagators’ error depends strongly on the accuracy of the B* drag term, but is still sufficiently accurate to operate a day or more without a GPS update. Savings in the GPS power budget were found to exceed 96% and 99% for Two-Body and Simplified General Perturbations-4 propagators, respectively, and should be considered for use in future satellites. Lieutenant, United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) have received increasing attention during recent years due to their simple architecture, based on solely air-stabile materials, and ease of manufacture in ambient atmosphere, using solution-based technologies. The LEC's active layer offers semiconducting, luminescent as well as ionic functionality resulting in device physical processes fundamentally different as compared with organic light-emitting diodes. During operation, electrical double layers (EDLs) form at the electrode interfaces as a consequence of ion accumulation and electrochemical doping sets in leading to the in situ development of a light-emitting p-i-n junction. In this paper, we comment on the use of impedance spectroscopy in combination with complex nonlinear squares fitting to derive key information about the latter events in thin-film ionic transition metal complex-based light-emitting electrochemical cells based on the model compound bis-2-phenylpyridine 6-phenyl-2,2′-bipyridine iridium(III) hexafluoridophosphate ([Ir(ppy)2(pbpy)][PF6]). At operating voltages below the bandgap potential of the ionic complex used, we obtain the dielectric constant of the active layer, the conductivity of mobile ions, the transference numbers of electrons and ions, and the thickness of the EDLs, whereas the transient thickness of the p-i-n junction is determined at voltages above the bandgap potential. Most importantly, we find that charge transport is dominated by the ions when carrier injection from the electrodes is prohibited, that ion movement is limited by the presence of transverse internal interfaces and that the width of the intrinsic region constitutes almost 60% of the total active layer thickness in steady state at a low operating voltage.

Factor C is a multi-domain serine protease which recognizes Gram-negative bacteria via binding to lipopolysaccharides and triggers hemolymph clotting cascade in the horseshoe crab. A closely related molecule was also found to be present in the genome of the tick Ixodes scapularis. In this work, the full sequence of Factor C ortholog from Ixodes ricinus (IrFC) was determined. IrFC is mainly expressed in tick hemocytes and the heavy chain of the activated molecules is present in tick hemolymph as confirmed by Western blotting with antibodies raised against recombinant fragments of IrFC. The function of the IrFC in tick innate immunity was assessed using its silencing by RNA interference.

Studies utilizing genetic and pharmacological manipulations in rodent models and neuronal cultures have revealed myriad roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Currently, this knowledge of BDNF function is being translated into improvement strategies for several debilitating neurological disorders in which BDNF abnormalities play a prominent role. Common among the BDNF-related disorders are irregular trafficking and release of mature BDNF (mBDNF) and/or its prodomain predecessor, proBDNF. Thus, investigating the conditions required for proper trafficking and release of BDNF is an essential step toward understanding and potentially improving these neurological disorders. This paper will provide examples of disorders related to BDNF release and serve as a review of the techniques being used to study the trafficking and release of BDNF.

Extracellular adenosine is an important signaling molecule in various physiological processes. When not regulated properly it can cause various pathologies such as Severe Combined Immunodeficiency. To study the effects of increased extracellular adenosine level a Drosophila model has been established. This model is based on mutation in the main adenosine deaminase gene in Drosophila (ADGF-A, Adenosine Deaminase-related Growth Factor A). This work is a consequence of large screening for the suppressors of adgf-a mutant phenotype and presents a more detailed study of 3 previously identified regions containing dominant suppressors.

Im Rahmen einer vergleichenden Beobachtungsstudie wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Kinetiken der mikrobiologischen Kontaminationen der Narkosesysteme erfasst und der Einfluss unterschiedlich langer Wechselintervalle der Schlauchsysteme dokumentiert. Die aus den Systemen isolierten Keime wurden mit den routinemäßig gewonnenen Patientenproben verglichen, um die diskutierte Vektorfunktion der Geräte zu untersuchen., Introduction: Daily change of breathing circuits in the operating theatre requires a lot of resources and is time and labour consuming. The extended use of breathing circuits could reduce the workload of the staff and health care costs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contamination rate of anaesthesia breathing circuits changed after 24, 48 or 72h of use. Materials: The study was performed as an experimental observational study. Microbiological samples were taken from 112 breathing systems including both parts of the ventilator circuit (inspiration and expiration) and analysed using microbiological standard techniques. Breathing circuits were changed according to three different schedules. In the 24-h group, breathing circuits were changed every day, whereas in the 48-h group changing of the circuits took place on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. A period of 72 h operating use was tested on weekends. Results: A total of 112 breathing systems comprised of 224 samples from the ventilator circuit were tested for bacteria and yeast contamination. A non-significant increase in the contamination rate was observed with the extended use for breathing circuits (24 h: 3.33%, 48 h: 4.35% and 72 h: 5.56%; P for trend50.66). Similarly, no significant increase in contamination rate could be observed with the extended use of filters (24 h: 1.67%, 48 h: 3.26% and 72 h: 2.78%; P for trend50.71). Conclusion: The extended use of breathing circuits for 48 and 72 h does not increase significantly the risk of contamination, provided that HME filters are changed separately for every patient.

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Transporteigenschaften von Nanostrukturen basierend auf modulationsdotierten GaAs/AlGaAs Heteroübergängen untersucht. Derartige Heterostrukturen zeichnen sich durch ein hochbewegliches zweidimensionales Elektronengas (2DEG) aus, das sich wenige 10 nm unterhalb der Probenoberfläche ausbildet. Mittels Elektronenstrahl-Lithographie und nasschemischer Ätztechnik wurde dieses Ausgangsmaterial strukturiert. Eindimensionale Leiter mit Kanalweiten von wenigen 10 nm wurden auf diese Weise hergestellt. Die Vorzüge derartiger Strukturen zeigen sich im ballistischen Elektronentransport über mehrere 10 µm und einer hohen Elektronenbeweglichkeit im Bereich von 10^6cm^2/Vs. Als nanoelektronische Basiselemente wurden eingehend eindimensionale Quantendrähte sowie y-förmig verzweigte Strukturen untersucht, deren Kanalleitwert über seitliche Gates kontrolliert werden kann. Dabei wurden die Transportmessungen überwiegend im stark nichtlinearen Transportregime bei Temperaturen zwischen 4,2 K und Raumtemperatur durchgeführt. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit lag insbesondere in der Untersuchung von Verstärkungseigenschaften und kapazitiven Kopplungen zwischen Nanodrähten, der Realisierung von komplexen Logikfunktionen wie Zähler- und Volladdiererstrukturen, dem Einsatz von Quantengates sowie der Analyse von rauschaktiviertem Schalten, stochastischen Resonanzphänomenen und Magnetfeldasymmetrien des nichtlinearen mesoskopischen Leitwertes., This thesis reports on transport features of nanoelectronic devices based on modulation doped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures with a two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) a few 10 nm below the sample surface. Using electron beam lithography and wet chemical etching techniques low dimensional conductors were designed with a channel width of a few 10 nm. Such conductors enable ballistic transport up to 10 µm with high electron mobilities in the range of 10^6cm^2/Vs. One dimensional quantum wires as well as y-branched structures were used as nanoelectronic basic elements, which were controlled by lateral side-gates. Transport measurements were mainly performed in the strong nonlinear transport regime at temperatures between 4.2 K and room temperature. Experimental investigations were focused on gain, capacitive couplings between single nanowires, the realisation of complex logic functions like counter and fulladder devices, quantum-gate applications, noise activated switching, stochastic resonance phenomena and magnetic field asymmetries of the nonlinear mesoscopic transport.

This study was conducted by the Kercher Center for Social Research at Western Michigan University for The Michigan Department of Community Health. Data collection was subcontracted to EPIC MRA Inc. of Lansing, Michigan. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of any of the above organizations., The 2006 Survey of Gambling Behaviors in Michigan is the fourth iteration of a project begun in 1997 and primarily designed to provide an estimate of problem gambling in the state.

Quaternized vinyl- and alkynyl-pyridine reagents were shown to react in an ultrafast and selective manner with several cysteine-tagged proteins at near-stoichiometric quantities. We have demonstrated that this method can effectively create a homogenous antibody-drug conjugate that features a precise drug-to-antibody ratio of 2, which was stable in human plasma and retained its specificity towards Her2+ cells. Finally, the developed warhead introduces a +1 charge to the overall net charge of the protein, which enabled us to show that the electrophoretic mobility of the protein may be tuned through the simple attachment of a quaternized vinyl pyridinium reagent at the cysteine residues. We anticipate the generalized use of quaternized vinyl- and alkynyl-pyridine reagents not only for bioconjugation, but also as warheads for covalent inhibition and as tools to profile cysteine reactivity.

This study is focused on cercarial cysteine peptidases of the trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum. It follows previous research which confirmed the presence of a 24kDa cysteine peptidase in cercariae biochemically and by mass spectrometry. It was postulated, that the function of this peptidase is histolytic, when cercariae penetrate the tissues. During an attempt to purify this peptidase and characterize its peptidolytic activity, it was found out that the cercarial homogenate containsmore different peptidases varying in their pI. Tests of peptidolytic activity and inhibition have shown that these peptidases are cathepsin L-like. They are active over a broad spectrum of pH with optima of activities in weakly acidicor neutral pH. Using degenerate primers based on conserved motifs of cysteine pepridases, partial sequences of three genes for cathepsin L of D. pseudospataceum (DpCL1, 2 a 3) were obtained. Then the complete sequences of DpCL2 and 3 genes and partial sequence (without 5'end) of DpCL1 were obtained by RACE PCR. To confirm function of these peptidases we tried to immunolocalize them. We assumed that they are localized in penetration glands. Preliminary results suggested that some of the cathepsins could be also localized in the gut of cercariae. For more detailed biochemical...