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This study was done to add to the understanding of the effect of Swedish municipal governance on CO2 emissions and what other factors may contribute less or more to CO2 emissions. It adds to and captures the validity of political science research for embodying a problem-solving stance relevant to a contemporary topic. By including a large amount of observation of all municipalities, it captured the best accuracy of such a possible relationship. The problem of CO2 emissions increasing, and whether governmental factors are contributing to it is of importance to political science research, as well as examining the effect of a Swedish climate policy framework. The study is done using MRA on panel-fixed effect regressions using Stata as well as calculating the robust standard errors for reaching more accurate p-values. Through different regressions, a statistically significant effect at the 99% confidence level of mean income on CO2 emissions was found in all regressions except the regressions including time dummies. A positive effect of left-wing governance was found in the regression counting for a one-year delayed effect of governance on CO2 emissions and using time dummies. This effect reached a statistical significance at the 90% confidence level. A negative effect of Green Party governance was found in a regression on a 1-year delayed effect on CO2 emissions. By capturing the relationship between these effects, the study rejected its null hypothesis. Further studies are advised to be done as more data is presented on CO2 emissions in Sweden.

Bakgrund: Värdighet är ett centralt begrepp i omvårdnadens etik och ska alltid eftersträvas i vården. Patienter som ska opereras befinner sig i en särskilt utsatt situation där kroppen i många fall helt och hållet utlämnas till personalen. Samtidigt kan den teknikorienterade operationsmiljön bidra till att sjuksköterskan distanseras från patienten med objektifiering och kränkning av värdigheten som följd. För att kunna arbeta på ett sätt som bevarar patientens värdighet är det nödvändigt att veta vad begreppet har för innebörd i den perioperativa omvårdnaden. Syfte: Syftet var att analysera begreppet värdighet för att därefter belysa dess betydelse inom perioperativ omvårdnad. Metod: Begreppsanalysen gjordes i sju steg enligt Walker och Avant (2014). Resultat: Ur begreppsanalysen framträdde fyra utmärkande kännetecken, attribut, för värdighet i den perioperativa omvårdnaden. Dessa var: respekt, integritet, delaktighet och relation. Förutsättningar för värdighetsbevarande perioperativ omvårdnad är att personalen har en etisk medvetenhet och tid att möta patienten. Slutsats: I vårdrelationen överlämnar sig patienten till den perioperativa sjuksköterskan som bär dennes värdighet genom det perioperativa förloppet. Sjuksköterskan vidtar åtgärder som främjar delaktighet, visar respekt och skyddar patientens integritet. Förutsättningarna för ett värdighetsbevarande arbetssätt skapas delvis av den perioperativa organisationen då denna kan verka för att främja en etisk medvetenhet i operationsteamet och ge sjuksköterskan tid att möta patienten.

I vår kurslitteratur fann vi att skolbarn inte har kännedom om dem vanligaste arterna i närmiljön, vilket gav oss en tankeställare och inspirerade oss att skriva detta examensarbete. Syftet med vår studie är att undersöka en grupp fem-åringars artkunskap och vilka erfarenheter barnen har av olika arter. Vi vill även ta reda på om det finns några skillnader på barnens artkunskap vad gäller djur respektive växter, samt vilka dessa i så fall är.Eftersom vi vill få fram barnens erfarenheter så valde vi att göra semistrukturerade intervjuer. Då har intervjuaren färdiga frågor, men den intervjuade får möjlighet att svara öppet och utveckla sina svar. Intervjuerna utfördes med elva fem-åringar på en förskola i en liten ort med ungefär 500 invånare i södra Sverige.Resultatet av studien visar att denna grupp förskolebarn har bättre kännedom om djur än om växter. De växtarter barnen visar intresse för eller känner till är bland annat solros, maskros, smörblomma, ros, blåsippa, vitsippa och näckros. Vad gäller djurarter är barnen intresserade av eller känner till bland annat giraff, älg, häst, rådjur, katt, igelkott, gädda och rödhake. Förskolebarnen berättar om många erfarenheter de har av djur och växter. Barnen har också många frågor som de är nyfikna på, vilket visar att barnen gärna vill veta mer om djur och växter.

The purpose with this study was to investigate the client’s experience of Marte meo treatment and the procedure in the treatment from a responses and relational perspective, since the treatment occur within the social service frame. The theoretical framework consists of some central concepts. The concepts are experience of treatment, responses and relational perspective. The analysis of the empirical material has been carried out with the help of the concepts and earlier research. The method consisted of qualitative, semi-structured interviews with six informants. The aim was to get the informants to talk exhaustive and use their own words. We have divided the informants into two groups, those who are still in treatment and those who have completed treatment. In the analysis we have compared the two groups’ results. Our conclusion is that the informants in the both groups do not differ to any greater extent. The informants experience the Marte meo treatment as positive and they consider the response from the therapist as professional. A key aspect for the clients, to get positive results in the treatment, is the response from the therapist. The informants’ experience of the Marte meo treatment is that it is concrete and the pictures makes a deep impression. The things that separate the groups from each other are predominantly that the informants that have completed their treatment have a deeper understanding of the treatment.

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with a yet unknown cause, but the specific loss of hypocretin-producing neurons together with a strong human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association has led to the hypothesis that autoimmune mechanisms might be involved. Here, we describe an extensive effort to profile autoimmunity repertoires in serum with the aim to find disease-related autoantigens. Initially, 57 serum samples from vaccine-associated and sporadic narcolepsy patients and controls were screened for IgG reactivity towards 10 846 fragments of human proteins using planar microarrays. The discovered differential reactivities were verified on suspension bead arrays in the same sample collection followed by further investigation of 14 antigens in 176 independent samples, including 57 narcolepsy patients. Among these 14 antigens, methyltransferase-like 22 (METTL22) and 5'-nucleotidase cytosolic IA (NT5C1A) were recognized at a higher frequency in narcolepsy patients of both sample sets. Upon sequence analysis of the 14 proteins, polymerase family, member 3 (PARP3), acyl-CoA-binding domain containing 7 (ARID4B), glutaminase 2 (GLS2) and cyclin-dependent kinase-like 1 (CDKL1) were found to contain amino acid sequences with homology to proteins found in the H1N1 vaccine. These findings could become useful elements of further clinical assays that aim towards a better phenotypic understanding of narcolepsy and its triggers.

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with a yet unknown cause, but the specific loss of hypocretin-producing neurons together with a strong human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association has led to the hypothesis that autoimmune mechanisms might be involved. Here, we describe an extensive effort to profile autoimmunity repertoires in serum with the aim to find disease-related autoantigens. Initially, 57 serum samples from vaccine-associated and sporadic narcolepsy patients and controls were screened for IgG reactivity towards 10 846 fragments of human proteins using planar microarrays. The discovered differential reactivities were verified on suspension bead arrays in the same sample collection followed by further investigation of 14 antigens in 176 independent samples, including 57 narcolepsy patients. Among these 14 antigens, methyltransferase-like 22 (METTL22) and 5'-nucleotidase cytosolic IA (NT5C1A) were recognized at a higher frequency in narcolepsy patients of both sample sets. Upon sequence analysis of the 14 proteins, polymerase family, member 3 (PARP3), acyl-CoA-binding domain containing 7 (ARID4B), glutaminase 2 (GLS2) and cyclin-dependent kinase-like 1 (CDKL1) were found to contain amino acid sequences with homology to proteins found in the H1N1 vaccine. These findings could become useful elements of further clinical assays that aim towards a better phenotypic understanding of narcolepsy and its triggers.