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Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients. Supplementary Fig. 1. Calibration curves of EGVB incidences for 1 year in the training (A) and validation data sets (B) of the ANN model probabilities.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Liqi Jianpi prescription on the risk of hemorrhage within one year in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and severe esophageal and gastric varices. MethodsThe patients who were hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 2010 to August 2017 and were diagnosed with hepatitis B cirrhosis and esophageal and gastric varices were enrolled and divided into treatment group and control group. All patients were given conventional treatment, and the patients in the treatment group were given oral Liqi Jianpi decoction in addition to the conventional treatment. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding within one year was observed, and liver function, gastroscopy findings, and Child-Pugh class were observed before and after treatment. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsThere was a significant difference in the rate of esophagogastric variceal bleeding within one year between the treatment group and the control group (19.2% vs 38.5%, χ2=4.112, P=0.038). The treatment group had a significant change in serum albumin level after treatment (t=0.934, P＜0.05), and there was a significant difference in serum albumin level between the two groups after treatment (t=2.928, P＜0.05). In the treatment group, portal vein width decreased significantly from 14.1±2.7 mm before treatment to 12.2±2.4 mm after treatment (t=2829, P＜0.01); in the control group, portal vein width was 14.6±2.8 mm before treatment and 14.3±2.5 mm after treatment (t=0718, P＜0.05). After treatment, the treatment group had a significantly smaller portal vein width than the control group (t=1.715, P＜0.05). In the treatment group, the number of patients with red color sign decreased significantly from 20 before treatment to 9 after treatment (χ2=0.884, P=0.08); after treatment, the degree of esophageal and gastric varices was alleviated, and the number of patients with severe varices decreased from 52 before treatment to 38 after treatment (χ2=0.982, P=0.038). ConclusionIn patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and severe esophageal and gastric varices, Liqi Jianpi prescription can reduce the incidence rate of upper gastrointestinal bleeding within one year, improve liver function, reduce portal vein width, and improve the degree of esophageal and gastric varices.

A position/force control strategy is proposed for flexible-joint manipulator(FJRM) with uncertainties and disturbances. The radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) is used to estimate and compensate the unknown parts of the robot model. According to backstepping technology, a position/force control scheme is proposed to reduce the effect of unknown parts and system disturbances, and to improve the force tracking accuracy while ensuring the position control accuracy. The uniformly bounded of all signals of the closed-loop system is proved by Lyapunov stability theorem. In the end, the proposed controller is applied to the two-rigid-link FJRM, and the simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control scheme.

In recent years, extensive studies have been conducted on the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the action of mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in NAFLD has become a new research topic. TCM has achieved good clinical efficacy in the treatment of NAFLD, with the advantages of specific, flexible, multilevel, and multi-target treatment. This article introduces the role of TCM in improving insulin, regulating lipid metabolism, preventing lipid peroxidation, regulating cytokines, regulating and maintaining the dynamic balance of factors involved in lipid metabolism, and maintaining the balance of intestinal microflora, and analyzes the major problems in TCM research.