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1. Second Austrian Assessment Report on Climate Change (AAR2)

Author

Huppmann, D., Keiler, M., Riahi, K., Rieder, H., Helfricht, K., Holzinger, M., Hummel, E.-M., Mayer, M., and Steinhauser, J.

Abstract

The Second Austrian Assessment Report (AAR2) will provide a comprehensive and inter-disciplinary synthesis of the scientific evidence on climate change in Austria. It will inform policymakers and society at large about synergies and trade-offs of alternative mitigation options and adaptation strategies. The report will be written by more than 150 authors representing the entire Austrian scientific community from all relevant fields and disciplines.

Published
2022

2. VizieR Online Data Catalog: Triton light curves from 05/10/2017 (Marques Oliveira+, 2022)

Author

Marques Oliveira, J., Sicardy, B., Gomes-Junior, A. R., Ortiz, J. L., Strobel, D. F., Bertrand, T., Forget, F., Lellouch, E., Desmars, J., Berard, D., Doressoundiram, A., Lecacheux, J., Leiva, R., Meza, E., Roques, F., Souami, D., Widemann, T., Santos-Sanz, P., Morales, N., Duffard, R., Fernandez-Valenzuela, E., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Braga-Ribas, F., Morgado, B. E., Assafin, M., Camargo, J. I. B., Vieira-Martins, R., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Santos-Filho, S., Banda-Huarca, M. V., Quispe-Huaynasi, F., Pereira, C. L., Rommel, F. L., Margoti, G., Dias-Oliveira, A., Colas, F., Berthier, J., Renner, S., Hueso, R., Perez-Hoyos, S., Sanchez-Lavega, A., Rojas, J. F., Beisker, W., Kretlow, M., Herald, D., Gault, D., Bath, K.-L., Bode, H.-J., Bredner, E., Guhl, K., Haymes, T. V., Hummel, E., Kattentidt, B., Klos, O., Pratt, A., Thome, B., Avdellidou, C., Gazeas, K., Karampotsiou, E., Tzouganatos, L., Kardasis, E., Christou, A. A., Xilouris, E. M., Alikakos, I., Gourzelas, A., Liakos, A., Charmandaris, V., Jelinek, M., Strobl, J., Eberle, A., Rapp, K., Gahrken, B., Kowo Llik, S., Bitzer, R., Miller, M., Herzogenrath, G., Frangenberg, D., Brandis, L., Puetz, I., Perdelwitz, V., Piehler, G. M., Riepe, P., von Poschinger, K., Baruffetti, P., Cenadelli, D., Christille, J.-M., Ciabattari, F., Di, Luca R., Alboresi, D., Leto, G., Zanmar Sanchez, R., Bruno, P., Occhipinti, G., Morrone, L., Cupolino, L., Noschese, A., Vecchione, A., Scalia, C., Lo Savio, R., Giardina, G., Kamoun, S., Barbosa, R., Behrend, R., Spano, M., Bouchet, E., Cottier, M., Falco, L., Gallego, S., Tortorelli, L., Sposetti, S., Sussenbach, J., van den Abbeel, F., Andre, P., Llibre, M., Pailler, F., Ardissone, J., Boutet, M., Sanchez, J., Bretton, M., Cailleau, A., Pic, V., Granier, L., Chauvet, R., Conjat, M., Dauvergne, J. L., Dechambre, O., Delay, P., Delcroix, M., Rousselot, L., Ferreira, J., Machado, P., Tanga, P., Rivet, J.-P., Frappa, E., Irzyk, M., Jabet, F., Kaschinski, M., Klotz, A., Rieugnie, Y., Klotz, A. N., Labrevoir, O., Lavandier, D., Walliang, D., Leroy, A., Bouley, S., Lisciandra, S., Coliac, J.-F., Metz, F., Erpelding, D., Nougayrede, P., Miniou, M., Moindrot, S., Morel, P., Reginato, B., Reginato, E., Rudelle, J., Tregon, B., Tanguy, R., David, J., Thuillot, W., Hestroffer, D., Vaudescal, G., Baba Aissa, D., Grigahcene, Z., Briggs, D., Broadbent, S., Denyer, P., Haigh, N. J., Quinn, N., Thurston, G., Fossey, S. J., Arena, C., Jennings, M., Talbot, J., Alonso, S., Roman Reche, A., Casanova, V., Briggs, E., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Abril Ibanez, J., Diaz, Martin M. C., Gonzalez, H., Maestre Garcia, J. L., Marchant, J., Ordonez-Etxeberria, I., Martorell, P., Salamero, J., Organero, F., Ana, L., Fonseca, F., Peris, V., Brevia, O., Selva, A., Perello, C., Cabedo, V., Goncalves, R., Ferreira, M., Marques Dias, F., Daassou, A., Barkaoui, K., Benkhaldoun, Z., Guennoun, M., Chouqar, J., Jehin, E., Rinner, C., Lloyd, J., El Moutamid, M., Lamarche, C., Pollock, J. T., Caton, D. B., Kouprianov, V., Timerson, B. W., Blanchard, G., Payet, B., Peyrot, A., Teng-Chuen-Yu, J.-P., Francoise, J., Mondon, B., Payet, T., Boissel, C., Castets, M., Hubbard, W. B., Hill, R., Reitsema, H. J., Mousis, O., Ball, L., Hutcheon, S., Lay, K., Anderson, P., Moy, M., Jonsen, M., Pink, I., Walters, R., Downs, B., Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Photometry, Planets, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Solar system
Abstract

International audience; The data provided features all light curves from the 5 October 2017 event. The names of the files are the same names, in lower caps and with no spaces, that are presented in Figures C.1 and C.2. The first column of all files is the time in seconds, starting on 5 October 2017 00:00:00 UTC. The second column of all files is the normalised flux, where the unocculted flux oscillates around 1. (2 data files).

Published
2022

3. Constraints on the structure and seasonal variations of Triton's atmosphere from the 5 October 2017 stellar occultation and previous observations

Author

Marques Oliveira, J. Sicardy, B. Gomes-Júnior, A.R. Ortiz, J.L. Strobel, D.F. Bertrand, T. Forget, F. Lellouch, E. Desmars, J. Bérard, D. Doressoundiram, A. Lecacheux, J. Leiva, R. Meza, E. Roques, F. Souami, D. Widemann, T. Santos-Sanz, P. Morales, N. Duffard, R. Fernández-Valenzuela, E. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Braga-Ribas, F. Morgado, B.E. Assafin, M. Camargo, J.I.B. Vieira-Martins, R. Benedetti-Rossi, G. Santos-Filho, S. Banda-Huarca, M.V. Quispe-Huaynasi, F. Pereira, C.L. Rommel, F.L. Margoti, G. Dias-Oliveira, A. Colas, F. Berthier, J. Renner, S. Hueso, R. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Sánchez-Lavega, A. Rojas, J.F. Beisker, W. Kretlow, M. Herald, D. Gault, D. Bath, K.-L. Bode, H.-J. Bredner, E. Guhl, K. Haymes, T.V. Hummel, E. Kattentidt, B. Klös, O. Pratt, A. Thome, B. Avdellidou, C. Gazeas, K. Karampotsiou, E. Tzouganatos, L. Kardasis, E. Christou, A.A. Xilouris, E.M. Alikakos, I. Gourzelas, A. Liakos, A. Charmandaris, V. Jelínek, M. Štrobl, J. Eberle, A. Rapp, K. Gährken, B. Klemt, B. Kowollik, S. Bitzer, R. Miller, M. Herzogenrath, G. Frangenberg, D. Brandis, L. Pütz, I. Perdelwitz, V. Piehler, G.M. Riepe, P. Von Poschinger, K. Baruffetti, P. Cenadelli, D. Christille, J.-M. Ciabattari, F. Di Luca, R. Alboresi, D. Leto, G. Zanmar Sanchez, R. Bruno, P. Occhipinti, G. Morrone, L. Cupolino, L. Noschese, A. Vecchione, A. Scalia, C. Lo Savio, R. Giardina, G. Kamoun, S. Barbosa, R. Behrend, R. Spano, M. Bouchet, E. Cottier, M. Falco, L. Gallego, S. Tortorelli, L. Sposetti, S. Sussenbach, J. Van Den Abbeel, F. André, P. Llibre, M. Pailler, F. Ardissone, J. Boutet, M. Sanchez, J. Bretton, M. Cailleau, A. Pic, V. Granier, L. Chauvet, R. Conjat, M. Dauvergne, J.L. Dechambre, O. Delay, P. Delcroix, M. Rousselot, L. Ferreira, J. MacHado, P. Tanga, P. Rivet, J.-P. Frappa, E. Irzyk, M. Jabet, F. Kaschinski, M. Klotz, A. Rieugnie, Y. Klotz, A.N. Labrevoir, O. Lavandier, D. Walliang, D. Leroy, A. Bouley, S. Lisciandra, S. Coliac, J.-F. Metz, F. Erpelding, D. Nougayrède, P. Midavaine, T. Miniou, M. Moindrot, S. Morel, P. Reginato, B. Reginato, E. Rudelle, J. Tregon, B. Tanguy, R. David, J. Thuillot, W. Hestroffer, D. Vaudescal, G. Baba Aissa, D. Grigahcene, Z. Briggs, D. Broadbent, S. Denyer, P. Haigh, N.J. Quinn, N. Thurston, G. Fossey, S.J. Arena, C. Jennings, M. Talbot, J. Alonso, S. Román Reche, A. Casanova, V. Briggs, E. Iglesias-Marzoa, R. Abril Ibáñez, J. Díaz Martín, M.C. González, H. Maestre García, J.L. Marchant, J. Ordonez-Etxeberria, I. Martorell, P. Salamero, J. Organero, F. Ana, L. Fonseca, F. Peris, V. Brevia, O. Selva, A. Perello, C. Cabedo, V. Gonçalves, R. Ferreira, M. Marques Dias, F. Daassou, A. Barkaoui, K. Benkhaldoun, Z. Guennoun, M. Chouqar, J. Jehin, E. Rinner, C. Lloyd, J. El Moutamid, M. Lamarche, C. Pollock, J.T. Caton, D.B. Kouprianov, V. Timerson, B.W. Blanchard, G. Payet, B. Peyrot, A. Teng-Chuen-Yu, J.-P. Françoise, J. Mondon, B. Payet, T. Boissel, C. Castets, M. Hubbard, W.B. Hill, R. Reitsema, H.J. Mousis, O. Ball, L. Neilsen, G. Hutcheon, S. Lay, K. Anderson, P. Moy, M. Jonsen, M. Pink, I. Walters, R. Downs, B.

Abstract

Context. A stellar occultation by Neptune's main satellite, Triton, was observed on 5 October 2017 from Europe, North Africa, and the USA. We derived 90 light curves from this event, 42 of which yielded a central flash detection. Aims. We aimed at constraining Triton's atmospheric structure and the seasonal variations of its atmospheric pressure since the Voyager 2 epoch (1989). We also derived the shape of the lower atmosphere from central flash analysis. Methods. We used Abel inversions and direct ray-tracing code to provide the density, pressure, and temperature profiles in the altitude range ∼8 km to ∼190 km, corresponding to pressure levels from 9 μbar down to a few nanobars. Results. (i) A pressure of 1.18 ± 0.03 μbar is found at a reference radius of 1400 km (47 km altitude). (ii) A new analysis of the Voyager 2 radio science occultation shows that this is consistent with an extrapolation of pressure down to the surface pressure obtained in 1989. (iii) A survey of occultations obtained between 1989 and 2017 suggests that an enhancement in surface pressure as reported during the 1990s might be real, but debatable, due to very few high S/N light curves and data accessible for reanalysis. The volatile transport model analysed supports a moderate increase in surface pressure, with a maximum value around 2005-2015 no higher than 23 μbar. The pressures observed in 1995-1997 and 2017 appear mutually inconsistent with the volatile transport model presented here. (iv) The central flash structure does not show evidence of an atmospheric distortion. We find an upper limit of 0.0011 for the apparent oblateness of the atmosphere near the 8 km altitude. ©

Published
2022

4. Exometabolite niche partitioning among sympatric soil bacteria

Author

Baran, R, Brodie, EL, Mayberry-Lewis, J, Hummel, E, Da Rocha, UN, Chakraborty, R, Bowen, BP, Karaoz, U, Cadillo-Quiroz, H, Garcia-Pichel, F, and Northen, TR

Subjects
Bacteria, Utah, Desert Climate, Cyanobacteria, human activities, complex mixtures, Soil Microbiology, Ecosystem
Abstract

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Soils are arguably the most microbially diverse ecosystems. Physicochemical properties have been associated with the maintenance of this diversity. Yet, the role of microbial substrate specialization is largely unexplored since substrate utilization studies have focused on simple substrates, not the complex mixtures representative of the soil environment. Here we examine the exometabolite composition of desert biological soil crusts (biocrusts) and the substrate preferences of seven biocrust isolates. The biocrust's main primary producer releases a diverse array of metabolites, and isolates of physically associated taxa use unique subsets of the complex metabolite pool. Individual isolates use only 13-26% of available metabolites, with only 2 out of 470 used by all and 40% not used by any. An extension of this approach to a mesophilic soil environment also reveals high levels of microbial substrate specialization. These results suggest that exometabolite niche partitioning may be an important factor in the maintenance of microbial diversity.

Published
2015
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5. Correlation of two-photon in vivo imaging and FIB/SEM microscopy

Author

Blazquez-Llorca, L., Hummel, E., Zimmerman, H., Zou, Chengyu, Burgold, S., Rietdorf, J., and Herms, J.

Subjects
Male, green fluorescent protein, Intravital Microscopy, Dendritic Spines, methods [Microscopy, Electron, Scanning], pathology [Alzheimer Disease], Mice, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Alzheimer Disease, ddc:570, Animals, Humans, Themed Issue Papers, ultrastructure [Neurons], Neurons, Photons, electron microscopy, three-dimensional reconstruction, Brain, methods [Intravital Microscopy], Dendritic spine, ultrastructure [Brain], Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, ultrastructure [Dendritic Spines], Craniotomy, methods [Imaging, Three-Dimensional], instrumentation [Microscopy, Electron, Scanning]
Abstract

Advances in the understanding of brain functions are closely linked to the technical developments in microscopy. In this study, we describe a correlative microscopy technique that offers a possibility of combining two-photon in vivo imaging with focus ion beam/scanning electron microscope (FIB/SEM) techniques. Long-term two-photon in vivo imaging allows the visualization of functional interactions within the brain of a living organism over the time, and therefore, is emerging as a new tool for studying the dynamics of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, light microscopy has important limitations in revealing alterations occurring at the synaptic level and when this is required, electron microscopy is mandatory. FIB/SEM microscopy is a novel tool for three-dimensional high-resolution reconstructions, since it acquires automated serial images at ultrastructural level. Using FIB/SEM imaging, we observed, at 10 nm isotropic resolution, the same dendrites that were imaged in vivo over 9 days. Thus, we analyzed their ultrastructure and monitored the dynamics of the neuropil around them. We found that stable spines (present during the 9 days of imaging) formed typical asymmetric contacts with axons, whereas transient spines (present only during one day of imaging) did not form a synaptic contact. Our data suggest that the morphological classification that was assigned to a dendritic spine according to the in vivo images did not fit with its ultrastructural morphology. The correlative technique described herein is likely to open opportunities for unravelling the earlier unrecognized complexity of the nervous system. Lay Description Neuroscience and the understanding of brain functions are closely linked to the technical advances in microscopy. In this study we performed a correlative microscopy technique that offers the possibility to combine 2 photon in vivo imaging and FIB/SEM microscopy. Long term 2 photon in vivo imaging allows the visualization of functional interactions within the brain of a living organism over the time, and therefore, is emerging as a new tool to study the dynamics of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, light microscopy has important limitations in revealing synapses that are the connections between neurons, and for this purpose, the electron microscopy is necessary. FIB/SEM microscopy is a novel tool for three-dimensional (3D) high resolution reconstructions since it acquires automated serial images at ultrastructural level. This correlative technique will open up new horizons and opportunities for unravelling the complexity of the nervous system.

Published
2014
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6. First experiences in the application of biopreparations against the cherry fruit fly in Southern Russia in 2007

Author

Vasilyeva, L. A., Hummel, E., and Boos, Markus

Subjects
Crop health, quality, protection, Fruit and berries
Abstract

On the Russian market there are no currently registered biological preparations for the control of Rhagoletis cerasi (cherry fruit fly, CFF), and therefore the effects of natural products against this pest were studied. In laboratory, semi-field and field experiments a range of botanicals (NeemAzal-T/S and Quassia-MD) were tested alone and in combination with comparison product Phytoverm and chemical standard insecticides for their effectiveness against R. cerasi in commercial orchards. These products showed a high biological effectiveness against R. cerasi comparable with chemical insecticides.

Published
2008

7. Charon's size and an upper limit on its atmosphere from a stellar occultation

Author

Sicardy, B., Bellucci, A., Gendron, E., Lacombe, F., Lacour, S., Lecacheux, J., Lellouch, E., Renner, S., Pau, S., Roques, F., Widemann, T., Colas, F., Vachier, F., Martins, R. Vieira, Ageorges, N., Hainaut, O., Marco, O., Beisker, W., Hummel, E., Feinstein, C., Levato, H., Maury, A., Frappa, E., Gai, B., Debray, Bernard, Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (UMR 6091) (LAOB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU.ASTR] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Published
2006

8. THE LARGE-SCALE RADIO-CONTINUUM STRUCTURE OF THE EDGE-ON SPIRAL GALAXY NGC-891

Author

HUMMEL, E, DAHLEM, M, VANDERHULST, JM, SUKUMAR, S, and Kapteyn Astronomical Institute

Subjects
NGC-891, RADIO CONTINUUM, GHZ, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, RADIO HALO, PHOTOMETRY, NEARBY GALAXIES, NGC4631, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, COSMIC RAYS, GALACTIC WIND, SPIRAL GALAXIES, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present radio continuum measurements of the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 891 at 327 MHz, 610 MHz and 1.49 GHz. The main results can be summarized as follows: (i) The radio spectrum of the total emission shows a sudden break of approximately 0.2 at a break frequency near 0.8 GHz. It is also consistent with a more gradual change of DELTA-alpha = 0.5 centred at 0.8 GHz. Because it is the dominant component this must also be the case for the halo component. (ii) A large fraction of the total emission at 1.49 GHz (approximately 65%) is in a halo component. The exponential scale heights are 0.8 and 1.0 kpc on the eastern and western side, respectively. The eastern side shows a peanut-shape morphology. The south-western part shows an extension with a scale height of approximately 2 kpc. (iii) The z-extent at the 10% intensity level of the radio halo changes with frequency. In the range from 327 to 1490 MHz it changes as nu-0.3. (iv) The low frequency (between 327 and 610 MHz) and the high frequency (between 610 and 1490 MHz) spectral indices in the plane of the galaxy show a difference of approximately 0.3. (v) The thin disk component is essentially unresolved in the z-direction. In the radial direction it is more extended than the halo component. It has a spectral index of approximately -0.4 compared to

Published
1991

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