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Munkánk célja a megosztott e-taxi szolgáltatások innovatív megoldásainak vizsgálata. Ehhez összegyűjtöttük a megosztott elektromobilitásra vonatkozó nemzeti és európai uniós szakpolitikákat, ösztönzőket, stratégiákat és trendeket. Elsőként a jelenleg elérhető (e-) autómegosztó rendszerek terjedését és a Covid-19 világjárvány hatásait mutattuk be. Ezután a fenntartható taxizást vizsgáltuk, az egyik hazai példa a London Electric Vehicle Company (LEVC) által gyártott TX elektromos taxi volt, amelynél az üzemeltetési költség, illetve CO2 kibocsátás-megtakarítást a hagyományos taxikhoz viszonyítva számítottuk ki. A világjárvány után várhatóan felgyorsul a fejlett önvezető technológia elterjedése és ez a változás új lehetőségeket fog hozni. Ezért áttekintést készítettünk az ilyen komplex hatású innovatív technológiákról, hogy feltárjuk az e-taxi szolgáltatások alkalmazási feltételeit, a benne rejlő lehetőségeket és veszélyeket. Végül javaslatokat fogalmaztunk meg a hazai gyakorlatba való átültethetőségre vonatkozóan.

A tanulmányban három kérdéskört járok körül, amely az európai büntetés-végrehajtási rendszereket jellemzi. A tanulmányban egy uniós és schengeni, egy uniós, de nem schengeni, valamint egy sem nem schengeni sem nem uniós országot elemzek. Az összehasonlító elemzés középpontjában a büntetés-végrehajtási rendszerben a tényleges életfogytig tartó szabadságvesztés kiszabása, a törvényességi felügyelet valamint az édesanya és a gyermek elhelyezésére szolgáló speciális szabályok vizsgálata áll. Az országválasztás indokát az a körülmény alapozta meg, hogy vajon a nemzetközi kötelezettségvállalás miként befolyásolja a vizsgált speciális szabályokat a különböző országokban.

Biodiversity related observational data are collected in a variety of ways and for a variety of purposes, mostly in the form of some sort of organised data collection action. Data management solutions are often developed to manage the data collection processes and organise the data, which may work well on their own but are less compatible with other data management tools.In a continuous development process, we have created the OpenBioMaps (OBM) biodiversity data management platform, which can be used as a self-hosted data management platform and as a free service, hosted by several institutions for biological database projects. OBM has the ability to integrate biological databases without any structural or functional constraints, allowing a high degree of flexibility in data management and development; it provides interfaces to facilitate communication between different end-user communities, including scientists, citizens, conservationists and educational staff. We have also established a network of OBM services based on collaboration between government, educational and scientific institutions and NGOs to provide a public service to those who lack the capacity or knowledge to set up or manage their own self-hosted servers.OpenBioMaps uniquely focuses on the entire data management process, from building the data structure to data collection, visualisation, sharing and processing.

Many vertical seismic velocity anomalies originate in the transition zone between the upper and lower mantle (410–660 km) and form so-called secondary plumes. These anomalies are interpreted as the result of thermal effects of large-scale thermal upwelling (primary plume) in the lower mantle and/or deep dehydration of fluid-rich subducting oceanic plates. We present the results of thermo-mechanical modelling to investigate the dynamics of such small-scale thermal and chemical (hydrous) anomalies rising from the lower part of the Earth’s upper mantle. Our goal is to determine the conditions that allow thermo-chemical secondary plumes of moderate size (initial radius of 50 km) to penetrate the overlying lithosphere, as detected in seismo-tomographic studies in such intra-continental areas as the Tengchong volcano in south-western China and the Eifel volcanic fields in north-western Germany. To this end, we investigate the effect of the compositional deficit of the plume density due to the presence of water and hydrous silicate melts. In our models, secondary plumes of purely thermal origin do not penetrate the overlying plate, but flatten at its base, forming “mushroom”-shaped structures at the level of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. On the contrary, plumes with enhanced density contrast due to a chemical (hydrous) component are shown to be able to penetrate upward through the lithospheric mantle to shallow depths near the Moho. Our findings can explain the enigmatic observations of columnar (“finger”-shaped) anomalies in the intraplate lithospheric mantle discovered in Europe and China. We argue that a chemical component is a characteristic feature not only of conventional hydrous plumes developed in the big mantle wedge over presently descending oceanic slabs, but also of upper mantle plumes in other tectonic settings.

Inflammation is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis, a disease characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries. COVID-19 infection is known to cause systemic inflammation, but its impact on local plaque vulnerability is unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection on coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who underwent computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for chest pain in the early stages after infection, using an AI-powered solution called CaRi-Heart®. The study included 158 patients (mean age was 61.63 ± 10.14 years) with angina and low to intermediate clinical likelihood of CAD, with 75 having a previous COVID-19 infection and 83 without infection. The results showed that patients who had a previous COVID-19 infection had higher levels of pericoronary inflammation than those who did not have a COVID-19 infection, suggesting that COVID-19 may increase the risk of coronary plaque destabilization. This study highlights the potential long-term impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health, and the importance of monitoring and managing cardiovascular risk factors in patients recovering from COVID-19 infection. The AI-powered CaRi-Heart® technology may offer a non-invasive way to detect coronary artery inflammation and plaque instability in patients with COVID-19.

This study examines the early development of the function as place of authentication in the case of the collegiate chapter of Arad from the first issued diploma (1229) to the death of King Charles I. Although earlier historiography examined some of the important places of authentication (e.g., Pécs, Csanád), in casé of Arad, only oné historian, Kálmán Juhász analyséd oné hundréd yéars ago the first charters and the authentication function. The study will present the historiography some aspects about charter issuing, the flow of information between medium regni (Buda, Viségrád) and Arad. I have also collected the contributors related to the place of authentication (dignitaries, canons and choir priests). In Appendix, I have published the list of the diplomas issued by the collegiate chapter of Arad with the main details between 1229 and 1342.

Cél: A Lewin és kutatótársai által alkotott vezetési stílusok rendészeti szervekben gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálata, amit a szervezetben szolgálatot ellátó, élettapasztalattal és szakmai életúttal rendelkező, kiforrott személyiségek véleménye is formálhat, új megvilágításban tüntethet fel.Módszertan: A kutatást kvantitatív metódus felhasználásával hajtottuk végre, a résztvevők online elérhető kérdőíveket töltöttek ki, amelyeket matematikai statisztikai próbáknak vetettünk alá.Megállapítások: A vezetési stílusokról, a vezető személyéről, az azokhoz köthető attribútumokról reális képet sikerült felállítanunk, egy olyan torzításmentes kép tárult elénk, amely új tudományos eredmények létrejöttét generálta a vezetéstudomány területén.Érték: A rendészettudomány tudásbázisának bővítése, a vezetés- és szervezéstudomány új kutatási eredményeinek szervezeti szinten történő hasznosítása a rendvédelemben. Lewin az elméletét 1938-ban a iowai Gyermekjóléti Kutatási Központban tízéves gyermekek körében végzett kísérlet eredményeképpen fogalmazta meg. Közel 80 év elteltével ennek aktualitását mind az egyén és mind a szervezetek vonatkozásában a társadalmi átalakulási folyamatok jelentős mértékben befolyásolták. Minderre figyelemmel az elmélet újragondolását a horizontálisan és vertikálisan felépülő (szervezeti és szakmai) rendészeti szervek vezetése vonatkozásában is indokolt megvizsgálni, amit a szervezetben szolgálatot ellátó, élettapasztalattal és szakmai életúttal rendelkező, kiforrott személyiségek véleménye is formálhat, új megvilágításban tüntethet fel.

A tanulmány középpontjában Jézus Krisztus pere áll, amely az abban bemutatott bizonyítási eszközökre helyezi a hangsúlyt. A szerző a bűnvádi eljárás különböző szakaszaiban, annak különböző helyein (a Szanhedrin, a helytartó és Pilatus előtt) elemzi és értékeli a Megváltó ellen felvonultatott bizonyítási eszközöket. A vizsgálandó kérdés arra irányul, vajon mindez megalapozhatta-e az ítélethozatalt, vagy Jézus egy koncepciós, összeesküvésen alapuló per áldozata lett.

A tanulmány egy antik civilizáció szabályozási rendszerén keresztül mutatja be, hogy miként kezelte a római jog a kéjelgéstársadalmi jelenségét. A közjog, valamint a büntetőjog eszközrendszere lehetővé tette, hogy a kéjelgéssel kapcsolatos magatartásokat(így különösen a kerítést) a társadalom „crimen”-ként kezelje, ezáltal megteremtette annak üldözhetőségét. A tanulmány górcső alá veszi annak indokait, valamint a Corpus Iuris Civilis segítségével részleteiben elemzi annak tényállásait. A tanulmány célja, hogy új ismeretekkel gyarapítsa a jogtudomány, azon belül is a büntetőjog ismeretrendszerét. A tanulmányban a szerző az analízis és szintézis duális egységét, absztrakciót, rendezést és relációt, valamint forráskritikát alkalmazott, mint tudományos módszert. A tanulmány eredményterméke a tárgykörben nevezett jelenség megismerési folyamatának újabb részletei.

Comprehending symbiont abundance among host species is a major ecological endeavour, and the metabolic theory of ecology has been proposed to understand what constraints symbiont populations. We parameterized metabolic theory equations to predict how bird species’ body size and the body size of their feather mites relate to mite abundance according to four potential energy (microbial abundance, uropygial gland size) and space constraints (wing area, number of feather barbs). Predictions were compared with the empirical scaling of feather mite abundance from 26,604 birds of 106 passerine species, using phylogenetic modelling and quantile regression. Feather mite populations were strongly constrained by host space (number of feather barbs) and not energy. Moreover, feather mite species’ body size was unrelated to their abundance or to the body size of their host species. We discuss the implications of our results for our understanding of the bird-feather mite system and for symbiont abundance in general.

A finite simple graph is called a k-multicirculant if its automorphism group contains a cyclic semiregular subgroup having k orbits on the vertex set. It was shown by Giudici et al. that, if k is squarefree and coprime to 6, then a cubic arc-transitive k-multicirculant has at most $$6k^2$$ vertices (J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 2017). In this paper, we classify the latter graphs under the assumption that their semiregular cyclic subgroups are contained in a soluble group of automorphisms acting transitively on the arc set of the graphs. As an application, cubic arc-transitive p-multicirculants are completely described for each odd prime p.

Aim Migration is a constantly changing adaptation due to the climate condition evolution. The struggle for surviving during harsh winter season is different across Europe, being more complex toward the inner parts of the continent. The current approach explores the Common Buzzard number variation during the cold season and the climatic predictors of birds of prey wintering movements in relation to the possible influences of the Carpathian Mountains, which may act as a geographical barrier providing shelter from cold air outbreak from north and northeast of the continent. Location Romania (45°N25°E). Taxon Birds of Prey. Methods We applied a GLMM to investigate the relation between continental and local climatic factors with the number of Common Buzzard observations in two regions. The first region is located inside the Carpathian Arch and the other one outside, east of this large mountains chain. Results The Common Buzzard numbers wintering Eastern from the Carpathian Mountains are highly influenced by AO (Z = 2.87, p, The analysis of meteoclimatic conditions reveals different spatial origins of Common Buzzard observed in Romania. While the high number of individuals in Moldova is related to their eastern and northeastern Europe origins, in Transylvania the higher number of individuals observed is related to the more sheltered characteristics of the region attracting individuals from central‐eastern Europe. Also, the Transylvania region being well sheltered during cold air outbreak represents a more favorable region for wintering. From this point of view, we can consider that the Carpathian Mountains are a geographic barrier for wintering birds of prey.

Background: The evaluation of site-specific phenotype according to the topographic location of atherosclerotic lesions within the coronary tree has not been studied so far. The present study is based on the premise that the location of coronary plaques can influence their composition and degree of vulnerability. Aim: To evaluate different phenotypes of vulnerable coronary plaques across the three major coronary arteries in terms of composition, morphology, and degree of vulnerability, in patients with chest pain and low-to-intermediate probability of coronary artery disease, using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and a complex plaque analysis. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 75 subjects undergoing CCTA for chest pain, who presented at least one vulnerable coronary plaque (VP), defined as the presence of ≥1 CT vulnerability marker (low attenuation plaque, napkin-ring sign, spotty calcifications, positive remodeling). The study included per plaque analysis of 90 vulnerable coronary lesions identified in various locations within the coronary tree as follows: n = 30 VPs in the left anterior descending artery (LAD), n = 30 VPs in the circumflex artery (CXA), and n = 30 VPs in the right coronary artery (RCA). Results: The RCA exhibited significantly longer VPs (p = 0.001), with the largest volume (p = 0.0007) compared to those arising from the LAD and CXA. Vulnerable plaques located in the LAD exhibited a significantly more calcified phenotype (calcified volume: LAD – 44.07 ± 63.90 mm3 vs. CXA – 12.40 ± 19.65 mm3 vs. RCA – 33.69 ± 34.38 mm3, p = 0.002). Plaques from the RCA presented a more non-calcified phenotype, with the largest non-calcified (p = 0.002), lipid rich (p = 0.0005), and fibrotic volumes (p = 0.003). Low-attenuation plaques were most frequent in the RCA (p = 0.0009), while the highest vulnerability degree was present in lesions located in the LAD, which presented the highest number of vulnerability markers per plaque (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Vulnerable plaques arising from the right coronary artery are longer, more vo-luminous and with larger lipid and non-calcified content, whereas those located in the left anterior descending artery present a higher volume of calcium, but also a higher degree of vulnerability. The least vulnerable lesions were present in the circumflex artery.

An orientably-regular map M is a 2-cell embedding of a finite connected graph in a closed orientable surface such that the group Aut ∘ M of orientation-preserving automorphisms of M acts transitively on the set of arcs. Such a map M is called a Cayley map for the finite group G if Aut ∘ M contains a subgroup, which is isomorphic to G and acts regularly on the set of vertices. Conder and Tucker (2014) classified the regular Cayley maps for finite cyclic groups, and obtain two two-parameter families M ( n , r ) , one for odd n and one for even n, where n is the order of the regular cyclic group and r is a positive integer satisfying certain arithmetical conditions. In this paper, we classify the regular Cayley maps for dihedral groups in the same fashion. Five two-parameter families M i ( n , r ) , 1 ≤ i ≤ 5 , are derived, where 2n is the order of the regular dihedral group and r is an integer satisfying certain arithmetical conditions. For each map M i ( n , r ) , we determine its valence and covalence, and also describe the structure of the group Aut ∘ M i ( n , r ) . Unlike the approach of Conder and Tucker, which is entirely algebraic, we follow the traditional combinatorial representation of Cayley maps, and use a combination of permutation group theoretical techniques, the method of quotient Cayley maps, and computations with skew morphisms.

A graph is called t -tough if the removal of any vertex set S that disconnects the graph leaves at most | S | ∕ t components. The toughness of a graph is the largest t for which the graph is t -tough. A graph is minimally t -tough if the toughness of the graph is t and the deletion of any edge from the graph decreases the toughness. The complexity class DP is the set of all languages that can be expressed as the intersection of a language in NP and a language in coNP. In this paper, we prove that recognizing minimally t -tough graphs is DP-complete for any positive rational number t . We introduce a new notion called weighted toughness, which has a key role in our proof.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality across Europe. Most of the patients do not experience any warning sign before the coronary event develops, therefore screening this group of patients is essential to prevent major cardiac events. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) offers a noninvasive approach of the coronary arteries, providing information not only on the presence and severity of the coronary stenosis, but is also able to characterize the structure of the coronary wall. CCTA allows complex evaluation of the extension of CAD, and by assessing the structure of the atherosclerotic plaque, it can identify its degree of vulnerability. The napkin-ring sign (NRS) represents a ring-like attenuation of the non-calcified portion of the coronary lesion and has a high specificity (96–100%) for the identification of thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) or culprit lesion in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). It is also an independent predictor for ACS events and the strongest predictor for future ACS. Modern CCTA can provide submillimeter isotropic spatial resolution. Thus, CT attenuation-based tissue interpretation enables the assessment of total coronary plaque burden and individual plaque components, with a similar accuracy as intravascular ultrasoud-based investigations. This review aims to present the important role of CCTA as a potent screening tool for patients with CAD, and the current evidences in the detection and quantification of vulnerable plaques.

Cardiovascular diseases remain the main cause of death in western societies. This contributes to the appearance of new diagnostic and treatment methods addressed to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases. In the last decades new imaging methods have emerged; furthermore, routine biomarkers were found to be useful in cardiovascular risk stratification. Data reviewed in this article emphasize the multifactorial etiology of cardiovascular disease. The authors describe the role of inflammation in the precipitation and progression of atherosclerosis and atrial fibrillation. Affordable and well-known inflammatory markers can be used alone or in combination with new imaging methods for a better cardiovascular risk stratification. Coronary computed tomographic angiography findings and inflammatory markers are capable to identify patients with high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events or atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, they also have an important role in the choice of treatment strategy and follow-up.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic and public health crisis of an unprecedent effect. Clinical studies reported an association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease, whereas COVID-19 itself can induce myocardial injury, arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome, and venous thromboembolism. Case summary: A patient diagnosed via screening coronary computed tomography angiography with non-obstructive coronary artery disease was hospitalized with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and atrial flutter during a severe respiratory infection episode with SARS-CoV-2. After recovery from the infectious episode, fractional flow reserve-guided elective percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent was performed. Conclusions: COVID-19 intercurrence in a cardiovascular patient with nonobstructive coronary artery disease triggered coronary plaque vulnerabilization with subsequent development of an acute coronary syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 proved to be involved via direct viral tissue involvement and concomitant mechanisms derived from systemic illness in the development of a severe supraventricular arrhythmic event.

From business, social and moral point of view it is an inevitable task to research the older generation’s innovation habits, because they are gaining an increasing share in advanced societies. Of course we have to take into account the rapid development of information technology too. The lack of knowledge and skills required for online activity among the elderly people are typically setting limits, but at the same time, the benefits of usage are becoming more and more evident to them, and even this kind of readiness is becoming more and more inevitable. This draws the attention on the multilateral mapping of the innovation behaviour of the elderly. It’s important to pay attention while analysing the elderly people that their group is strongly divided by health status, by living conditions, by lifestyles, by values and other factors, so according to the innovation acceptance they draw different patterns of behaviour. And of course we have to keep in mind that there are also differences between the two generations of the elderly, the veterans and the baby boomers (people born in Ratko-era), because they have been getting to know the Internet in different life stages. In this primary research, the authors study the behaviour of the two older Hungarian generations (veterans and those born in the Ratko-era) through the usage of information technology, based on the theory of Rogers’ innovation acceptance model.

COVID-19 is a disease caused by the new coronavirus discovered in 2019, which may lead to a severe acute respiratory syndrome and has a major impact on public health worldwide, being declared a pandemic by World Health Organization. In Italy, and especially in the region of Lombardia, the healthcare system has faced a huge overload, which led to significant consequences on cardiology resources. The accessibility to cardiology care units has been drastically reduced, and scheduled interventions, such as elective primary percutaneous coronary interventions, have been significantly delayed. During this time, there was a global concern regarding the management of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but also the management of main cardiovascular emergencies. Under usual circumstances, the differential diagnosis of myocardial injury does not confront many difficulties. Unfortunately, there are several limitations in the management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the current pandemic state. The aim of the present manuscript is to provide an overview on the main causes of myocardial injury during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Percolation theory dictates an intuitive picture depicting correlated regions in complex systems as densely connected clusters. While this picture might be adequate at small scales and apart from criticality, we show that highly correlated sites in complex systems can be inherently disconnected. This finding indicates a counter-intuitive organization of dynamical correlations, where functional similarity decouples from physical connectivity. We illustrate the phenomena on the example of the Disordered Contact Process (DCP) of infection spreading in heterogeneous systems. We apply numerical simulations and an asymptotically exact renormalization group technique (SDRG) in 1, 2 and 3 dimensional systems as well as in two-dimensional lattices with long-ranged interactions. We conclude that the critical dynamics is well captured by mostly one, highly correlated, but spatially disconnected cluster. Our findings indicate that at criticality the relevant, simultaneously infected sites typically do not directly interact with each other. Due to the similarity of the SDRG equations, our results hold also for the critical behavior of the disordered quantum Ising model, leading to quantum correlated, yet spatially disconnected, magnetic domains., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures

The aim of this article is to map the existing and potential solutions to achieve more innovative solutions for shared e-taxi services. As the role of mobility continues to grow, innovative means of transport need to be developed in order to reduce the number of private cars, while maximising safety. The authors collected the relevant national and European Union policies, incentives, strategies, and trends for shared electromobility. Such alternative solutions are going to be used through highly automated transport devices. Firstly, the currently available (e-) car-sharing systems and electric taxi services were compared based on different characteristics and features (efficiency, sustainability, costs etc.). One of the included examples was the TX electric taxi vehicle produced by the London Electric Vehicle Company (LEVC). Interviews with experts were conducted to determine initial experiences and to forecast the possible market share of e-taxis. The operational costs and CO2 emission savings as a comparison of traditional and electric taxis were calculated as part of this article. Beyond the present solutions, it is important to examine the options for the coming decades, as humanity will need to make a much greater effort than it has done so far to achieve transport-related plans and climate protection goals. In this context, the authors are looking at connected electric self-driving and the first stages of it. It can be assumed that with the spread of advanced self-driving technology the transport sector as well as other areas of life will change radically, and humanity needs to prepare for this global transformation. This change will bring new opportunities; the future of transportation will be about autonomous vehicles. The authors compile a systematic overview of such innovative technologies with complex effects to explore their opportunities and threats. Finally, the authors aim to provide a summary about the conditions for the use of innovative technologies in autonomous vehicles.

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) has been defined as clinical presentation of an acute coronary syndrome with laboratory evidence of myocardial necrosis, but with coronary stenosis of less than 50% on coronary angiography. On the other side, myocarditis is an inflammatory response triggered by viral, bacterial, fungal, lymphocytic, eosinophilic, or autoimmune myocardial injury, which may be associated with elevated myocardial necrosis serum biomarkers. We present the case of a young male patient with acute chest pain, ST-segment elevation, and high-sensitivity troponin levels of 22,162 ng/L.

Environmental factors may have an important role in the development of coronary heart disease. However, it is not clearly understood yet how the genetic factors interplay with the environmental ones in the onset of acute myocardial infarction. The early onset of coronary artery disease in cases with a positive family history suggests a certain role of genetic predisposition, but the open question remains: could environmental differences contribute to this predisposition? This case report describes similar coronary angiographic findings of two brothers who developed acute myocardial infarction in their early 40s, after being exposed to different environmental risk factors.

A dolgozat a magyar mobilszolgáltatások áraival kapcsolatos kérdéseket vizsgálja. Számba veszi a mérést akadályozó legfontosabb nehézségeket, melyek lényeges dilemma elé állítják a kutatót. Vagy megpróbálunk egy aggregált mutatót konstruálni, amely a korábbi adatokra épül és inkább a múltbeli, illetve jelenbeli helyzetet jellemzi – feláldozva ezzel az előrejelzés lehetőségét –, vagy megkerülendő a nehézségeket elméleti modellt alkalmazunk az árak jövőbeni felvázolására. E probléma érzékeltetésére két, a gyakorlatban alkalmazott mutatót és azok hiányosságait ismerteti a szerző, majd a jól ismert Bertrand-modell helytállóságát igazolja. A modell eredménye az árverseny, melynek alátámasztására empirikus tényeket sorakoztat fel a szerző. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: D21, D43, L13

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF), a common arrhythmia in clinical practice, is associated with a high rate of complications and an increased risk for thromboembolic events. Pulmonary vein ablation is a new therapeutic option to cure AF; however, it remains associated with a high rate of recurrence. In this study we aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and imaging-based features that may predict the risk of recurrence after pulmonary veins ablation in atrial fibrillation. Materials and method: Twenty-four patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF, who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation and a 12-month follow-up were included in the study. Group 1 included 8 patients with AF recurrence, and group 2 included 16 patients with no AF recurrence. In all cases, cardiovascular risk factors, ejection fraction, left atrial diameter, atrial volumes, and epicardial fat volume were analyzed. Results: CT analysis revealed that patients with AF recurrence presented a significantly larger mean index of left atrial volume (59.57 ± 8.52 mL/m2 vs. 49.99 ± 10.88 mL/m2, p = 0.04), right atrial volume (58.94 ± 8.37 mL/m2 vs. 43.21 ± 6.4 mL/m2, p Conclusion: Left atrial diameter, indexed atrial volumes, and epicardial fat volume may be used as factors to identify patients at risk for developing recurrence after pulmonary vein ablation.

The study deals with a brief history of organised crime in Hungary in the past and today. One of the biggest sources of revenue for organised crime is prostitution. Hundreds of victims are reported daily. In addition to this, a new strategic approach has emerged, linked to the upward management of organised crime. Prostitutes volunteer for work, the organised groups do not use violence, and illicit earnings are distributed among themselves on the basis of work done. The girls are transferred to rich countries where rich people can enjoy their services through a built-in agency system. Many girls are referred to Dubai, where the new form of Hungarian prostitution is thriving: the ‘dubai-ing’ phenomenon. The study presents, through a case study, the phenomenon of ‘dubai-ing’, and the activities of organised criminal groups. The method used is critical source analysis, basic historical research, as well as case and judgement/verdict analysis. This is not a classic analysis, but a criminal analysis of specifi c cases. The strategic aim is to collect data which can show the new profi le of organised crime in the 21st century.

Introduction: Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is associated with remodeling of the atrial tissue, which leads to fibrosis that can contribute to the initiation and maintenance of AF. Delayed- Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (DE-CMR) imaging for atrial wall fibrosis detection was used in several studies to guide AF ablation. The aim of present study was to systematically review the literature on the role of atrial fibrosis detected by DE-CMR imaging on AF ablation outcome. Methods: Eight bibliographic electronic databases were searched to identify all published relevant studies until 21st of March, 2016. Search of the scientific literature was performed for studies describing DE-CMR imaging on atrial fibrosis in AF patients underwent Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PVI). Results: Of the 763 citations reviewed for eligibility, 5 articles (enrolling a total of 1040 patients) were included into the final analysis. The overall recurrence of AF ranged from 24.4 - 40.9% with median follow-up of 324 to 540 days after PVI. With less than 5-10% fibrosis in the atrial wall there was a maximum of 10% recurrence of AF after ablation. With more than 35% fibrosis in the atrial wall there was 86% recurrence of AF after ablation. Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that more extensive left atrial wall fibrosis prior ablation predicts the higher arrhythmia recurrence rate after PVI. The DE-CMR imaging modality seems to be a useful method for identifying the ideal candidate for catheter ablation. Our findings encourage wider usage of DE-CMR in distinct AF patients in a pre-ablation setting.

One of Lewin’s leadership styles (democratic) has been analysed in this study; I compared this style with the results of a „survey” from the year 2018. Beyond source criticism, analysis and synthesis, I could use quantitative tools, which have also been used for calculations of correlation and efficiency.

A tanulmányban részleteiben elemzem Lewin egy vezetési stílusát (laissez-faire), majd azt egy a 2018. évben végzett „survey” felmérés eredményeivel vetem össze. A kutatás során a forráskritika, az analízis és szintézis dialektikus egysége mellett kvantitatív eszközöket is felvonultató statisztikai számítások elvégzésére volt lehetőségem, amely a korrelációs együttható, azaz a hatásfoknagyság mérésére is kiterjedt.

A tanulmány egy olyan tavalyi évben készült és eredményeit idén összesítő alapkutatás konklúzióit mutatja be, amely a magyarországi prostitúció jogi-, és társadalmi helyzetét az abban résztvevő személyek megélt valóságán keresztül szemlélteti. Végre teljes képet kaphatunk a tekintetben, hogy a prostitúcióval foglalkozó személyek mindennapjaikat hogyan élik, a jelenlegi szabályozás életükre, és munkakörnyezetükre milyen hatást gyakorol, munkájuk során milyen visszaélésekkel kell szembesülniük. A tanulmány középpontjában a prostitúció, mint munkavégzés áll. Mindezt kvantitatív módszerekkel végzett kutatás keretében vizsgálom.

A tanulmány egy olyan 2018-ban készült és eredményeit összesítő alapkutatás konklúzióit mutatja be, amely a magyarországi prostitúció jogi és társadalmi helyzetét az abban részt vevő személyek megélt valóságán keresztül szemlélteti. Végre teljes képet kaphatunk a tekintetben, hogy a prostitúcióval foglalkozó személyek mindennapjaikat hogyan élik, a jelenlegi szabályozás életükre és munkakörnyezetükre milyen hatást gyakorol, munkájuk során milyen visszaélésekkel kell szembesülniük, és hogy vajon a prostituáltak továbbra is a társadalom megtűrt, és perifériára sodródott marginalizált csoportjai-e, vagy az előítéletek helyére az elfogadás és a tolerancia lépett. Mindezt kvantitatív módszerekkel végzett kutatás keretében vizsgálom.

Because it is impossible to comprehensively characterize biodiversity at all levels of organization, conservation prioritization efforts need to rely on surrogates. As species distribution maps of relished groups as well as high-resolution remotely sensed data increasingly become available, both types of surrogates are commonly used. A good surrogate should represent as much of biodiversity as possible, but it often remains unclear to what extent this is the case. Here, we aimed to address this question by assessing how well bird species and habitat diversity represent one another. We conducted our study in Romania, a species-rich country with high landscape heterogeneity where bird species distribution data have only recently started to become available. First, we prioritized areas for conservation based on either 137 breeding bird species or 36 habitat classes, and then evaluated their reciprocal surrogacy performance. Second, we examined how well these features are represented in already existing protected areas. Finally, we identified target regions of high conservation value for the potential expansion of the current network of reserves (as planned under the new EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030). We found a limited reciprocal surrogacy performance, with bird species performing slightly better as a conservation surrogate for habitat diversity than vice versa. We could also show that areas with a high conservation value based on habitat diversity were represented better in already existing protected areas than areas based on bird species, which varied considerably between species. Our results highlight that taxonomic and environmental (i.e., habitat types) data may perform rather poorly as reciprocal surrogates, and multiple sources of data are required for a full evaluation of protected areas expansion.

In many-body systems with quenched disorder, dynamical observables can be singular not only at the critical point, but in an extended region of the paramagnetic phase as well. These Griffiths singularities are due to rare regions, which are locally in the ordered phase and contribute to a large susceptibility. Here, we study the geometrical properties of rare regions in the transverse Ising model with dilution or with random couplings and transverse fields. In diluted models, the rare regions are percolation clusters, while in random models the ground state consists of a set of spin clusters, which are calculated by the strong disorder renormalization method. We consider the so called energy cluster, which has the smallest excitation energy and calculate its mass and linear extension in one-, two- and three-dimensions. Both average quantities are found to grow logarithmically with the linear size of the sample. Consequently, the rare regions are not compact: for the diluted model they are isotropic and tree-like, while for the random model they are quasi-one-dimensional., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures

Simple Summary Elevated β2-microglobulin (β2m) serum levels cause serious complications in patients on long-term kidney dialysis by depositing in the form of amyloid fibrils in the osteoarticular system. Recently, a hereditary systemic amyloidosis was discovered, caused by a naturally occurring D76N β2m mutant exhibiting normal serum levels and a distinct, visceral deposition pattern. D76N β2m showed a structure remarkably similar to the wild-type (WT) protein, albeit with decreased thermodynamic stability and increased amyloidogenicity. Despite the extensive research, the molecular bases of the aberrant aggregation of β2m in vivo remains elusive. Here, using a variety of biophysical techniques, we investigated the role of the pathogenic D76N mutation in the amyloid formation of β2m by point mutations affecting the stabilizing ion-pairs of β2m. We found that, relative to WT β2m, the exceptional amyloidogenicity of the pathogenic D76N β2m variant is realized by the synergy of diverse effects of destabilized native structure, higher sensitivity to negatively charged amphiphilic molecules and polyphosphate, more effective fibril nucleation, higher conformational stability of fibrils, and elevated affinity for extracellular matrix proteins. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms might help to find target points for effective treatments against diseases associated with the deleterious aggregation of proteins. Abstract β2-microglobulin (β2m), the light chain of the MHC-I complex, is associated with dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). Recently, a hereditary systemic amyloidosis was discovered, caused by a naturally occurring D76N β2m variant, which showed a structure remarkably similar to the wild-type (WT) protein, albeit with decreased thermodynamic stability and increased amyloidogenicity. Here, we investigated the role of the D76N mutation in the amyloid formation of β2m by point mutations affecting the Asp76-Lys41 ion-pair of WT β2m and the charge cluster on Asp38. Using a variety of biophysical techniques, we investigated the conformational stability and partial unfolding of the native state of the variants, as well as their amyloidogenic propensity and the stability of amyloid fibrils under various conditions. Furthermore, we studied the intermolecular interactions of WT and mutant proteins with various binding partners that might have in vivo relevance. We found that, relative to WT β2m, the exceptional amyloidogenicity of the pathogenic D76N β2m variant is realized by the deleterious synergy of diverse effects of destabilized native structure, higher sensitivity to negatively charged amphiphilic molecules (e.g., lipids) and polyphosphate, more effective fibril nucleation, higher conformational stability of fibrils, and elevated affinity for extracellular components, including extracellular matrix proteins.

SummaryHundreds of different protein complexes that perform important functions across all cellular processes, collectively comprising the “complexome” of an organism, have been identified1. However, less is known about the fraction of the interactome that exists outside the complexome, in the “outer-complexome”. To investigate features of “inner”- versus outer-complexome organisation in yeast, we generated a high-quality atlas of binary protein-protein interactions (PPIs), combining three previous maps2–4 and a new reference all-by-all binary interactome map. A greater proportion of interactions in our map are in the outer-complexome, in comparison to those found by affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry5–7 or in literature curated datasets8–11. In addition, recent advances in deep learning predictions of PPI structures12 mirror the existing experimentally resolved structures in being largely focused on the inner complexome and missing most interactions in the outer-complexome. Our new PPI network suggests that the outer-complexome contains considerably more PPIs than the inner-complexome, and integration with functional similarity networks13–15 reveals that interactions in the inner-complexome are highly detectable and correspond to pairs of proteins with high functional similarity, while proteins connected by more transient, harder-to-detect interactions in the outer-complexome, exhibit higher functional heterogeneity.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on cardiovascular emergencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a regional network for management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: We report a single center’s experience of patients hospitalized for ACS in a high-volume hub of a STEMI network during the lockdown (in the first pandemic trimester), compared with the same time interval of the previous year and including all consecutive patients referred for an AMI during the second trimester of 2020 (from April to June) or during the same time interval of the previous year, 2019. Results: The absolute number of hospital admissions for AMI decreased by 22.3%, while the non-AMI hospitalizations decreased by 77.14% in Q2-2020 compared to Q2-2019 (210 vs. 48, p &lt, 0.0001). As a consequence, the percentage of AMI cases from the total number of hospital admission increased from 38% to 68% (p &lt, 0.0001), AMI becoming the dominant pathology. In the STEMI group there was a significant reduction of 55% in the absolute number of late STEMI presentations. Functionality of the STEMI network at the hub level did not present a significant alteration with only a minor increase in the door-to-balloon time, from 34 min to 41 min. However, at the level of the network we recorded a lower number of critical cases transferred to the interventional center, with a dramatic reduction of 56.1% in the number of critical STEMI cases arriving in the acute cardiac care unit (17.0% vs. 7.3%, p-0.04 for KILLIP class III, and 21.17% vs. 11.11%, p = 0.08 for resuscitated out of hospital cardiac arrest). Conclusions: The COVID-19 outbreak did not have a major impact on the interventional center’s functionality, but it limited the capacity of the regional STEMI network to bring the critical patient with complicated STEMI to the cathlab in time during the first months of the lockdown. Even a very well-functioning STEMI network like the one in Central Romania had difficulties bringing the most critical STEMI cases to the cathlab in time.

Pharmaceutical compounding enables the preparation of unlicensed medicine to meet specific patient needs that do not have a licensed medicine available on the market. It must be performed in the best possible circumstance by certified pharmacists using validated standard operating procedures to obtain the highest quality medicinal product. The various spinning techniques provide drug delivery systems easily adapted to individual patient’s needs among the emerging technologies. The primary purpose of the present work was to introduce the prototype of a contact drawing device for the compounding of drug delivery systems for individual in-patient needs. The preliminary experiments resulted in oriented fibers of micrometer diameter range. The device can be placed in controlled conditions and could provide drug-loaded fibrous sheets for further treatments assuring the individual patient’s medicine need of the required quality.

A dolgozatunk során egy gyártócella megvalósításával foglalkoztunk. Ehhez a FESTO MPS moduljait használtuk fel. A gyártócella vezérlése PLC-vel történik. Nem csak az egyedi elrendezést és munkafolyamatot valósítottunk meg, hanem új funkciókkal is bővítettük a rendszert. Ez két vezérlő egység használatát jelenti, amelyből egy a folyamat irányításáért felel, míg a másik egy webes felületet kezel. A webes felületen láthatjuk az elkészült munkadarabokat tartalmazó raktárt, és különböző munkadarabokból összeállított palettákat rendelhetünk onnan, vagy a raktározásra kerülő munkadarabok típusát és mennyiségét is beállíthatjuk a raktárban.

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that appears as a consequence of a structural disease, and the most common cause of left ventricular systolic dysfunction results from myocardial ischemia. Cardiac remodeling and neuroendocrine activation are the major compensatory mechanisms in heart failure. The main objective of the study is to identify the association between serum biomarkers illustrating the extent of myocardial necrosis (highly sensitive troponin as-says), left ventricular dysfunction (NT-proBNP), and systemic inflammatory response (illustrated via serum levels of hsCRP and interleukins) during the acute phase of a myocardial infarction, and the left ventricular remodeling process at 6 months following the acute event, quantified via speckle tracking echocardiography. The study will include 400 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction without signs and symptoms of heart failure at the time of enrollment that will undergo a complex clinical examination and speckle tracking echocardiography. Serum samples from the peripheral blood will be collected in order to determine the inflammatory serum biomarkers. After 6 months, patients will be divided into 2 groups according to the development of ventricular remodeling, quantified by speckle tracking echocardiography: group 1 will consist of patients with a remodeling index lower than 15%, and group 2 will consist of patients with a remodeling index higher than 15%. All clinical and imaging data obtained at the baseline will be compared between these two groups in order to determine the features associated with a higher risk of deleterious ventricular remodeling and heart failure.

Summary of the long term data taking, related to one of the proposed next generation ground-based gravitational detector's location is presented here. Results of seismic and infrasound noise, electromagnetic attenuation and cosmic muon radiation measurements are reported in the underground Matra Gravitational and Geophysical Laboratory near Gy\"ongy\"osoroszi, Hungary. The collected seismic data of more than two years is evaluated from the point of view of the Einstein Telescope, a proposed third generation underground gravitational wave observatory. Applying our results for the site selection will significantly improve the signal to nose ratio of the multi-messenger astrophysics era, especially at the low frequency regime., Comment: 47 pages, 37 figures

Atherosclerosis is a slow, progressive disease, its most common manifestation and most severe consequence being coronary artery disease, one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The vast majority of cardiovascular deaths are caused by complications of atherosclerosis, most often being represented by the rupture of an unstable coronary plaque, regularly triggered by inflammation. A vulnerable plaque is characterized by a large, lipid-rich necrotic core, a thin fibrous cap with macrophage infiltration, and the presence of multiple specific biomarkers such as positive remodeling, irregular calcifications, and low attenuation visible with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Identifying biomarkers that could predict the risk of plaque rupture with high accuracy would be a significant advance in predicting acute cardiac events in asymptomatic patients, furthermore guiding treatment of patients with this disease. The main indication of noninvasive imaging is to identify patients at risk based on the presence or absence of symptoms that can be related to myocardial ischemia. The diagnostic objective is to confirm or to exclude the presence of coronary plaques. Coronary imaging in asymptomatic individuals is used to estimate the risk of future cardiac events through the identification of non-obstructive high-risk plaques. The possibility to monitor the evolution of vulnerable plaques via noninvasive imaging techniques, prior to the occurrence of an acute clinical event, is the main goal in plaque imaging. This manuscript will be focusing on recent advances of noninvasive imaging of vulnerable coronary plaques.