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The widespread of different NDM variants in clinical Enterobacterales isolates poses a serious public health concern, which requires continuous monitoring. In this study, three E. coli strains carrying two novel blaNDM variants of blaNDM-36, -37 were identified from a patient with refractory urinary tract infection (UTI) in China. We conducted antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), enzyme kinetics analysis, conjugation experiment, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and bioinformatics analysis to characterize the blaNDM-36, -37 enzymes and their carrying strains. The blaNDM-36, -37 harboring E. coli isolates belonged to ST227, O9:H10 serotype and exhibited intermediate or resistance to all β-lactams tested except aztreonam and aztreonam/avibactam. The genes of blaNDM-36, -37 were located on a conjugative IncHI2-type plasmid. NDM-37 differed from NDM-5 by a single amino acid substitution (His261Tyr). NDM-36 differed from NDM-37 by an additional missense mutation (Ala233Val). NDM-36 had increased hydrolytic activity toward ampicillin and cefotaxime relative to NDM-37 and NDM-5, while NDM-37 and NDM-36 had lower catalytic activity toward imipenem but higher activity against meropenem in comparison to NDM-5. This is the first report of co-occurrence of two novel blaNDM variants in E. coli isolated from the same patient. The work provides insights into the enzymatic function and demonstrates the ongoing evolution of NDM enzymes.

Evidence remains conflicted on the association between dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality and risk of cardiovascular disease, all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and such meta-analyses are lacking. The study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the knowledge about their associations and to explore the dose-response relations.We comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to March 2022 for observational studies investigating the associations in adults. Random effect model was used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the dose-response association was explored by restricted cubic splines.We obtained the data from 41 eligible studies. Compared with participants with lowest dietary carbohydrate intake, those with highest intake had an RR of 1.10 (95% CI 1.03-1.17, IIncreased consumption of dietary carbohydrate intake is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality. Linear relation was found for cardiovascular disease and stroke but non-linear relation for all-cause mortality. More studies are warranted to investigate the association of dietary carbohydrate quality using a combined indicator and cardiovascular disease and mortality.

Type I interferons (IFN-Is) play central roles in regulating immune responses. The role of IFNAR2 in IFN-I signaling is an open question since a previous report showed that IFNβ was still functional in the absence of IFNAR2 in mice. In this study, we report that IFN-I signaling in human monocyte-derived THP1 cells absolutely depends on IFNAR2, as determined by using a knockout mutant made by CRISPR/Cas9. Additionally, we demonstrated that a 7-bp deletion mutant (Δ7) of IFNAR2 remains responsive to IFNβ stimulation and upregulates a subset of interferon-stimulated genes (s-ISGs). The s-ISGs largely overlap with tonic ISGs, which depend on the basal expression level of IFN-I. We also showed that IFN signaling in Δ7 still depends on IFNAR2. Then, we found that the 7-bp deletion in the genome results in the loss of the entire third exon (42 bp) from the mRNA and in the expression of a functionally impaired IFNAR2. These findings clarified the requirement of IFNAR2 for human IFN-I signaling and highlighted that caution should be used with CRISPR/Cas9 technology to prevent misleading interpretations caused by residual protein expression due to exon skipping or other mechanisms.

The objective of this project was to use a rolling process to synthesize a solar heat reflecting membrane with parallel-aligned Al-ZnO microrods to replicate the micro-hair arrays of the Saharan Silver Ant. The synthesis of Al-ZnO microrods was carried out using the hydrothermal method. The membrane was then produced by mixing the microrods with liquid silicone rubber and spreading the mixture into the shape of a membrane using a Meyer rod. The dragging of the Al-ZnO microrod, confined between the Meyer rod and the polypropylene film, induces the partial alignment of Al-ZnO microrods in the dragging direction. We note that the distribution of microrod alignment is well described by the Lorentzian function and that the full width at half maximum is measured to be 22.3o. Most Al-ZnO microrods are encased within the PDMS layer. At wavelengths between 200 nm and 1100 nm, the membrane blocks light almost entirely. The solar heat gain coefficient of our solar heat reflecting membrane is 75% lower than the membrane containing ZnO powder.

Bei Tang, Ze Zhong, Jinping Wu, Jianping Ma, Li Li, Xuzheng Zhong, Dongmei Lin, Jiayuan Hu, Pingan Yu Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Jiande City, Jiande, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ze Zhong, Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Jiande City, Jiande, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 571 64096607, Email jdsytbzz@126.comObjective: Involvement of NLR CARD domain containing 4 (NLRC4) in neuroinflammation has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prognostic role of serum NLRC4 in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods: In this prospective cohort study including 140 sTBI patients and 140 controls, serum NLRC4 levels were quantified. Follow-up time was 180 days after trauma and poor prognosis was designated as extended Glasgow outcome scale (GOSE) scores of 1– 4. Severity correlations and prognosis associations were determined under multivariate models.Results: Enhanced serum NLRC4 levels after sTBI, in comparison to controls (median, 0.8 ng/mL versus 0.1 ng/mL; P < 0.001), were independently correlated with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores (β, − 0.091; 95% confidence interval (CI), − 0.161— 0.021; P = 0.011), Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) scores (β, 0.136; 95% CI, 0.024– 0.248; P = 0.018), serum C-reactive protein levels (β, 0.016; 95% CI, 0.002– 0.030; P = 0.025) and 180-day GOSE scores (β, − 0.906; 95% CI, − 1.632— 0.180; P = 0.015); and were independently predictive of 180-day death (odds ratio, 4.307; 95% CI, 1.706– 10.879; P = 0.014)), overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.360; 95% CI, 1.118– 4.981; P = 0.040) and poor prognosis (odds ratio, 6.705; 95% CI, 2.889– 15.561; P = 0.016). Under receiver operating characteristic curve, combination of serum NLRC4 levels, GCS scores and Rotterdam CT scores had significantly higher death predictive ability than Rotterdam CT scores (P = 0.040), but not than GCS scores (P = 0.070); and exhibited substantially higher predictive capability for poor prognosis than Rotterdam CT scores (P < 0.001) and GCS scores alone (P = 0.023).Conclusion: There is a dramatical elevation of serum NLRC4 levels after sTBI, which has strong correlation with severity and inflammation, and is significantly associated with long-term death and poor outcome, substantializing serum NLRC4 as an inflammatory, prognostic biomarker in sTBI.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein family caspase activation and recruitment domain-containing protein 4, severity, prognosis, biomarkers, inflammation

1,2-Diaza-4-phospholide alkali metal complexes showed stair-shaped chain structures, where P(iii) could be oxidized by S8 and Se. The 1H DOSY NMR spectroscopy analysis suggested that they dissociated into monomers in the solution.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by gastrointestinal tract inflammation and still lacks satisfactory treatments. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show promising potential for treating IBD, but their therapeutic efficacy varies depending on the tissue of origin. We aim to investigate whether intestine Peyer's patch (PP)-derived MSCs have superior immunomodulatory effects on T cells and better therapeutic effects on IBD compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs. We isolated PPs-derived Nestin+ MSCs (MSCs

Due to the complex and changeable working environment of assembled camshafts using tube hydroforming (THF) technology, the manifestations of failure, the causes of failure and the preventive measures for these failures are a major concern. Therefore, in view of this new connection technology for assembled camshafts, it is important to put forward a prediction and evaluation method of failure for hydraulic expanding assembled camshafts. In this study, an isometric-trilateral profile cam was used to complete the hydroforming connection with the hollow shaft (tube) under different hydraulic pressures. Orthogonal torsion experiment and laser measurement experiment were performed. Finite element analysis was carried out using ABAQUS 6.14 software, and relevant research data were obtained. A more accurate BP neural network model was constructed to predict the main failure factors of assembled camshafts. The failure manifestations of assembled camshafts are displayed by the experiment from the microscopic perspective. The causes of failure are analyzed by using the minimum cut set in the failure Tree (FT) theory. The effect of basic causes on the subsystems is analyzed, and the weight distribution of the main events in the FT is given. Finally, the specific measures to prevent failure are proposed from a macro perspective. The research is of great significance to study the failures of assembled camshafts in service to further the production, manufacturing, failure prevention, faults monitoring and performance improvement of assembled camshafts in the engine industry.

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Sand flux is the key factor to determine the migration of sand dunes and the erosion to the surrounding environment. There are crescent-shaped sand dunes of various scales in the desert, and there are significant differences in spatial wind field and sand flux among them. However, due to the difficulty of monitoring, it is difficult to continuously observe the spatial wind field and sand flux around the larger crescentic dunes. On the basis of the Reynolds-Average Navier–Stokes (RA-NS) equation and the stress and sand flux model, the distribution of wind field and sand flux of a circular dune with a height of 4.2 m and a length of about 100 m during the four evolutionary periods of the evolution into a crescentic dune was simulated in this study. By comparing with the measured results, we verified that the closer to the leeward side, the more the simulated values of the velocity in wind field and sand flux were in line with the measured results. In order to further analyze the influence of the height of dune and other relevant parameters on sand flux, we simulated the influence on wind field and sand flux by changing the air viscosity and wind velocity of upper boundary. We found that the air viscosity mainly affected the amount of deposited sand on the leeward side of sand dune, while the increase of wind velocity would undoubtedly increase the sand flux of the whole sand dune. In addition, the simulation results also showed that the influence of changes in height of dune on the turbulent intensity of leeward side was very significant, and the turbulent intensity increased with the height of dune. The height changes of tall dunes gradually affected the transport of sand caused by wind flow behind the leeward side because that the rotation of the wind flow would form new vortexes at the large pores behind the leeward side, which would increase the turbulent energy in space and thus would increase the distance of migration of the lifting sand. While the low sand dunes could not form extra small vortexes at the bottom of the leeward side, so the wind velocity was small and the eddy currents behind the leeward side were more stable. The simulation results indicated that wind velocity was not the only reason for increasing the amount of sand flux, and the fluctuation of wind flow caused by turbulence could also stimulate the movement of sand particles on the ground.

This paper introduces an evaluation method for the quality of assembled camshafts under pulsating hydroforming, aimed at laying a certain foundation for the automobile engine industry in the future. The novelty of the design lies in applying a pulsating hydraulic pressure to the interior of a hollow shaft such that it exhibits an interference fit with the cam (cam-bores with non-circular structure) after being deformed by the pressure. A camshaft with a trilobe polygonal inner profile is selected and studied by conducting experiments and finite element analysis. The quality of the camshaft varies with the process parameters (pulsating amplitude, pulsating frequency, and hydraulic pressure). The effects of these parameters are investigated by evaluating the filling rate of the shaft and torsion strength of the assembled camshafts. Moreover, a new measurement method for the filling rate of the shaft is developed. Finally, the quality of a pulsating, hydraulically assembled camshaft is compared with that of a non-pulsating hydraulically assembled camshaft, thereby validating the proposed evaluation method. The preliminary feasibility of the pulsating hydraulic connection for the assembled camshafts with a trilobe polygonal profile is demonstrated in this study.

The assembled camshaft is a recently developed split assembly technology that enables the realization of lightweight cars and improves engine performance. Residual shaft–cam contact pressure is affected by camshaft elastic recovery and affects connection quality. This study investigated a cam with an isometric–trilateral profile for tube hydroforming with a hollow shaft via experiments and finite element analysis. A novel, indirect residual contact pressure measurement method is herein proposed. Hydraulic parameter effects on residual contact pressure and elastic recovery were analyzed using the theory of plastic mechanics. For hydraulic pressure below 85 MPa, increasing hydraulic parameters increased residual contact pressure nearly linearly while decreasing elastic recovery.

Background There is limited available evidence of a relationship between uric acid (UA) level and stroke in hypertensive populations worldwide. We aimed to estimate the relationship between UA level and stroke in Chinese hypertensive populations. Methods A total of 4 710 essentially hypertensive Chinese patients, including 307 with stroke, were recruited consecutively by cluster sampling from 60 communities in Shenzhen from April 2010 to September 2011. Demographic characteristics, UA level and stroke diagnosis were collected from every participant. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between UA level and stroke. Results The study population comprised 2 361 females and 2 349 males, with a mean age of 58 ± 11.75 years. There were significant associations between UA level and stroke and ischaemic stroke (IS) risk for females in the crude model (M0), model 1 (M1) and model 2 (M2), with increasing odds ratios (OR) as the quartiles (Q) increased. The odds of stroke risk was highest in Q4 in M2 (UA > 396 µmol/l, OR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.74-5.36 and OR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.74-5.85), but not for males in M0, M1 and M2. A significant dose-response relationship existed between UA level and stroke, and between UA level and IS for females but not for males. Hyperuricaemia (HU) was also significantly associated with stroke and IS for females but not for males. Taking negative uric acid, homocysteine, triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (UA-Hcy-TG-TC-LDL-C-) as the reference, the combinations of UA+Hcy+TG-TC-LDL-, UA+Hcy+TG+TC+LDL-C- and UA+Hcy+TG+TC+LDL-C+ were significantly associated with the risk of stroke for females (OR = 2.48, 7.85 and 3.04). Conclusions High UA level could significantly increase stroke risk in female hypertensive patients. Female hypertensive patients may benefit from managing UA at normal levels for stroke prevention.

Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) are increasingly being recognized as causes of sporadic cases of gastroenteritis and extra-intestinal invasive infections, such as bacteremia as well as skin and wound infections in immunosuppressed hosts. However, oral infections caused by these microorganisms have rarely been reported. We present a case of oral infection caused by NOVC in a patient undergoing chemoradiotherapy after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. The patient recovered well after antibiotic treatment. The isolate from the patient was screened for phenotypic and genetic characteristics with reference to their major virulence genes. Our report provides supporting evidence for oral infection due to NOVC in a patient with esophageal cancer and suggests that some putative accessory virulence factors may be crucial in the pathogenicity of this strain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of oral infection due to NOVC.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio may carry additional information and has been suggested as a better predictor for atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) than LDL-C and HDL-C alone. Therefore, we aim to explore the association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and high carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) risk in a large Cohort in Beijing, China. This cohort study included 13,612 adults without high CIMT at first entry and who attended the baseline examination and at least one follow-up annual examination between 2009 and 2016. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and risk of high CIMT. During 37,912 person-years of follow-up, 1996 (1268 men and 728 women) developed high CIMT. Compared with the first quartile of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, the risk of high CIMT was significantly increased for the fourth quartile of LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.29-1.78). We observed a significant association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and high CIMT risk comparing LDL-C/HDL-C ratio >2.78 with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio ≤2.78 and significant dose-response relationship between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and risk of high CIMT. The restricted cubic spline showed a significant nonlinear association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the risk of high CIMT (pnon-linearity = 0.009). We identify a significant association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the risk of high CIMT in the Chinese Cohort study. Future studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of reducing LDL-C/HDL-C ratio treatment on the development of high CIMT.

As a high expansion strength corresponds to a high heat transfer efficiency, this study investigated the expansion strength of an air-conditioning heat exchanger jointed by hydraulic expansion. A device that would be reliable and adaptable to different types of tubes and fins was designed and developed for testing hydraulic expansion. The device was used to perform a non-pulsating hydraulic expansion experiment on samples comprising tubes and fins to determine the hydraulic pressure range. The expansion strength was tested by performing tensile tests to evaluate the pull-out force at different bulging zones of the same sample with the selected hydraulic pressure. A series of pulsating hydraulic expansion experiments were performed on the joints of tubes and fins with different pulsating amplitudes and frequencies. Tensile tests were performed on the pulsating hydraulic expansion samples to study the influence of the pulsation parameters on the pull-out force. When the amplitude was fixed, an increase in frequency led to uniform expansion in the exchanger. This indicates that joint expansion in tubes and fins results in a more reliable heat exchanger performance.

Objective. To compare the safety and efficacy of transnasal high-flow oxygen therapy (HFNT) and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with type II respiratory failure. Methods. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CBM, CNKI, and other databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTS) on the efficacy of HFNT and NIV in the treatment of COPD. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software after two researchers screened literatures, extracted data, and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. A total of 948 patients were included in 12 RCTS. Comprehensive analysis results showed that the HFNC group had higher levels of 12 h-PAO2, 48 h-PACO2 and, 48 h-pH than the NIV group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). There were no significant differences in 24 h-PAO2 and 72 h-PAO2, 12 h-PACO2, 24 h-PACO2 and 72 h-PACO2, 24 h-pH, 48 h-pH, and 72 h-pH between the two groups after treatment ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusions. Compared with NIV, HFNC does not increase the treatment failure rate in COPD patients with type II respiratory failure, and HFNC has better comfort and tolerance, which is a new potential respiratory support treatment for COPD patients with type II respiratory failure.

To assess the association between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) change trajectory and incident hypertension among Chinese people, this cohort study included 11,791 adults aged 18 to 80 years without hypertension at first entry and who completed at least four follow-ups between 2009 and 2016. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between FPG change trajectory and probability of hypertension. During a median follow-up of 5.10 years (total person-years 61,887.76), hypertension developed in 2177 participants. After adjusting for baseline potential confounders, the probability of hypertension increased with the increasing FPG change trajectory (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.22, 95% CI 1.07-1.40), bell-shape trajectory (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.30) and other-shape trajectory (aOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.25) which showed a higher variability of FPG compared to the decreasing group. In addition, the increasing FPG change trajectory was associated with a higher probability of hypertension compared with the decreasing group regardless of age and body mass index (BMI) but was only significant in males and in those with normal FPG at baseline. Our study indicates that the increasing FPG change trajectory determines the highest risk of hypertension, demonstrating the importance of maintaining low and stable levels of FPG, especially in males and in those with normal FPG.

Objective. To explore the application of pulmonary ultrasound in visual nursing of artificial airway in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods. Seventy-eight ARDS patients with mechanical ventilation admitted from February 2021 to January 2022 were included and divided into the intervention group and the control group. The control group was given routine airway nursing, and the intervention group was given visual airway nursing management through lung ultrasound. The arterial blood gas analysis indexes, mechanical ventilation time, ICU treatment time, total hospitalization time, aspiration, and the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were compared between the two groups. Results. After treatment, PaO2, PaCO2, SPO2, and oxygenation indexes were significantly improved compared with those before treatment, and the indexes in the intervention group were better than those in the control group after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). The mechanical ventilation time ( 5.39 ± 0.68 vs. 7.92 ± 0.59 days), ICU treatment time ( 8.05 ± 1.14 vs. 10.71 ± 1.16 days), and total hospitalization time ( 12.05 ± 2.20 vs. 15.68 ± 2.18 days) in the intervention group were significantly shorter than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The incidences of aspiration (2.56% vs. 15.38%) and VAP (5.13% vs. 20.51%) in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. The application of visual artificial airway management assisted by lung ultrasound in ARDS patients can shorten the treatment time and hospitalization time of mechanical ventilation, reduce the incidence of aspiration and VAP, and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective. To explore the efficacy and safety of chlorhexidine oral care in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by means of meta-analysis. Methods. Randomized controlled trials on the effect of chlorhexidine oral care on the incidence of VAP in patients on mechanical ventilation were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase from May 1, 2022. Two researchers independently screened and included the study, extracted the data, and evaluated the literature quality. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results. Meta-analysis of 13 included literature studies involving 1533 patients showed that oral care with chlorhexidine solution could reduce the incidence of VAP in patients with mechanical ventilation and the difference was statistically significant (RR = 0.61, 95% CI (0.46, 0.82), P = 0.04 ). However, the results showed that the incidence of VAP of low concentration (0.02%, 0.12%, and 0.2%) and high concentration (2%) of chlorhexidine in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (RR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.51, 0.96), P = 0.03 ; RR = 0.41, 95% CI (0.27, 0.62)). There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups (RR = 1.01, 95% CI (0.85, 1.21), P = 0.87 ). There was no statistical significance in days ventilated or days in ICU between the two groups (RR = −0.02, 95% CI (−0.19, 0.16), P = 0.84 ; RR = 0.01, 95% CI (−0.11, 0.14), P = 0.85 ). Conclusion. Existing evidence shows that chlorhexidine used for oral care of patients with mechanical ventilation can reduce the incidence of VAP, and high concentration of chlorhexidine (2%) or low concentration of chlorhexidine (0.02%, 0.12%, 0.2%) has a significant effect on the prevention of VAP. Considering the safety of clinical application, it is recommended to use 0.02%, 0.12%, and 0.2% chlorhexidine solution for oral care.

Background: A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of smartphone interventions on the anxiety of the pediatric subjects at induction on the day of surgery compared to oral midazolam or standard care as control.Methods: A systematic literature search up to June 2021 was performed and nine studies selected 785 pediatric subjects on the day of surgery at the start of the study; 390 of them were using smartphone interventions, 192 were control, and 203 were using oral midazolam. They were reporting relationships between the effects of smartphone interventions on the anxiety of the pediatric subjects at induction on the day of surgery compared to oral midazolam or control. The mean difference (MD) with its 95% CIs was calculated to assess the effect of smartphone interventions on the anxiety of the pediatric subjects at induction on the day of surgery compared to oral midazolam or control using the continuous method with a fixed or a random-effects model.Results: Smartphone interventions in pediatric subjects were significantly related to lower anxiety at induction on the day of surgery (MD, −19.74; 95% CI, −29.87 to −9.61, p < 0.001) compared to control and significantly related to lower anxiety at induction on the day of surgery (MD, −7.81; 95% CI, −14.49 to −1.14, p = 0.02) compared to oral midazolam.Conclusion: Smartphone interventions in pediatric subjects on the day of surgery may have lower anxiety at induction compared to control and oral midazolam. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Sn-doped ZnO thin films have been prepared with magnetron co-sputtering. The results indicate that this method can improve the micro-structure of films and enhance its photoelectric performance. The structure and surface morphology results indicate that all the doped films show the preferred orientation (0 0 2), the roughness can decrease to 1.81 nm at 15 W with increasing DC power, the carrier concentration, resistivity decreases, and mobility can reach 7.99×1019 cm−3, 1.27×10−4 Ω·cm and 1047.5 cm2/Vs, respectively, and the observed optical band gap can increase to increase to 3.85 eV.

Tigecycline serves as one of the last-resort antibiotics to treat severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. Recently, a novel plasmid-mediated resistance-nodulation-division (RND)-type efflux pump gene cluster, TmexCD1-ToprJ1, and its variants, TmexCD2-ToprJ2 and TmexCD3-ToprJ3, encoding tetracyclines and tigecycline resistance, were revealed. In this study, we reported three TmexCD2-ToprJ2-harboring Klebsiella species strains, collected from two teaching tertiary hospitals in China, including one K. quasipneumoniae, one K. variicola, and one K. michiganensis. The three strains were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), conjugation assay, WGS, and bioinformatics analysis. AST showed that K. variicola and K. quasipneumoniae strains were resistant to tigecycline with MIC values of 4μg/ml, whereas the K. michiganensis was susceptible to tigecycline with an MIC value of 1μg/ml. The TmexCD2-ToprJ2 clusters were located on three similar IncHI1B plasmids, of which two co-harbored the metallo-β-lactamase gene blaNDM-1. Conjugation experiments showed that all three plasmids were capable of self-transfer via conjugation. Our results showed, for the first time, that this novel plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance mechanism TmexCD2-ToprJ2 has spread into different Klebsiella species, and clinical susceptibility testing may fail to detect. The co-occurrence of blaNDM-1 and TmexCD2-ToprJ2 in the same plasmid is of particular public health concern as the convergence of “mosaic” plasmids can confer both tigecycline and carbapenem resistance. Its further spread into other clinical high-risk Klebsiella clones will likely exacerbate the antimicrobial resistance crisis. A close monitoring of the dissemination of TmexCD-ToprJ encoding resistance should be considered.

Tigecycline serves as one of the last-resort antibiotics to treat severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. Recently, a novel plasmid-mediated resistance-nodulation-division (RND)-type efflux pump gene cluster, TmexCD1-ToprJ1, and its variants, TmexCD2-ToprJ2 and TmexCD3-ToprJ3, encoding tetracyclines and tigecycline resistance, were revealed. In this study, we reported three TmexCD2-ToprJ2-harboring Klebsiella species strains, collected from two teaching tertiary hospitals in China, including one K. quasipneumoniae, one K. variicola, and one K. michiganensis. The three strains were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), conjugation assay, WGS, and bioinformatics analysis. AST showed that K. variicola and K. quasipneumoniae strains were resistant to tigecycline with MIC values of 4μg/ml, whereas the K. michiganensis was susceptible to tigecycline with an MIC value of 1μg/ml. The TmexCD2-ToprJ2 clusters were located on three similar IncHI1B plasmids, of which two co-harbored the metallo-β-lactamase gene blaNDM-1. Conjugation experiments showed that all three plasmids were capable of self-transfer via conjugation. Our results showed, for the first time, that this novel plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance mechanism TmexCD2-ToprJ2 has spread into different Klebsiella species, and clinical susceptibility testing may fail to detect. The co-occurrence of blaNDM-1 and TmexCD2-ToprJ2 in the same plasmid is of particular public health concern as the convergence of “mosaic” plasmids can confer both tigecycline and carbapenem resistance. Its further spread into other clinical high-risk Klebsiella clones will likely exacerbate the antimicrobial resistance crisis. A close monitoring of the dissemination of TmexCD-ToprJ encoding resistance should be considered.

Purpose This paper aims to study frictional characteristics of thin-walled tubes in the liquid impact forming (LIF) process. Design/methodology/approach LIF experiments under various impacting velocities were performed on SUS304 stainless steel tubes with various guiding lengths on a custom-designed measurement system to investigate the effects of impacting velocity and guiding length on the coefficient of friction (COF) in the guiding zone. Findings The results indicate that the COF changes dynamically in the guiding zone and decreases with the deformation process. The reduction range of the COF is wider in LIF than in both the conventional and pulsating hydroforming (THF), which may be contributed to the impacting velocities in a short time. Moreover, the COF decreases faster in the first half of the LIF process than in the second half. Under different impacting velocities and guiding lengths, the decreasing rate of the COF in the first half is more sensitive and obvious than that in the second half. Originality/value A method for determining the COF in the guiding zone in LIF is proposed and the frictional characteristics in LIF are studied. Comparing the COF of tubes in conventional THF, pulsating THF and the LIF process is valuable for improving and predicting the tubular formability in various hydraulic environments for industrial production. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2019-0269

By applying two donor-acceptor motif molecules, 5,10-di(pyridin-4-yl)-5,10-dihydrophenazine (L1) and 10,10'-di(pyridin-3-yl)-10H,10'H-9,9'-spiroacridine (L2), as ligands and CuI/AgCF3CO2 as metal salt, we synthesized three coordination polymers, namely, {Cu4(L1)2I4} (CP1), {Cu(L2)I·CHCl3} (CP2) and {Ag(L2)CO2CF3·CHCl3} (CP3). X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that three coordination polymers all feature one-dimensional (1D) linear chains which are consisting of molecular boxlike units. In comparison with low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of two ligands, three coordination polymers, CP1, CP2 and CP3, present more intense photoluminescence with PLQY of 15%, 46% and 34% at room temperature respectively. The PL emission of CP1 and CP2 at room temperature could be attributed to the fast phosphorescence with lifetime both around 5 μs due to effective intersystem crossing (ISC). Whilst, it is worth noting that CP3 exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emission at room temperature.

Liquid impact forming (LIF) is a rapid tube hydroforming technique. The deformation behaviour of a metal tube may be different in LIF from that in tube hydroforming. A constitutive equation or equivalently an equivalent stress-strain relationship is generally used to describe the deformation behaviour of metals. The purpose of this work is to model the deformation behaviour of tubular materials in LIF using the Johnson-Cook (JC) structural model. LIF hydro-bulging experiments combined with the analytical approach based on the membrane theory and the force equilibrium equation were used to determine the model coefficients A, B, C, and n in the equations for SS304 stainless steel tubular materials. Finite element (FE) simulations of hydro-bulging under various impact velocities were carried out to validate the resultant JC model. The relationship between the strain rates and impact velocities was determined, the bulging heights between the equivalent stress-strain curves at different impact velocities were analysed, and the bulging heights obtained by FE simulations and experimental results were compared. The results show that the proposed approach using the JC model is suitable to define the stress-strain behaviour of tubular materials in LIF.

Tube hydroforming (THF) experiments were performed on TP2 copper tubes under different loading velocities and fluid velocities using a self-developed measurement system to investigate dynamic frictional characteristics in the guiding zone. The results show that the coefficient of friction (COF) dynamically changes during forming experiments and decreases with tube deformation. The average descending rate and amplitude of the COF increase with increasing loading velocity. Microscopically, the micro-protrusions on the tubular surface are flattened, and the surface scratches are finer and more uniform, as the loading velocity increases, resulting in a decrease in COF. At the same external loading velocity, the COF increases with increasing fluid velocity and is also extremely sensitive to it. Moreover, improving and predicting the formability of such tubes by accurately adjusting and controlling fluid velocity in THF is valuable and critical for the future.

Organic photodetectors (OPDs) possessing high responsivity are promising building blocks for exploring good performance integrated optoelectronics products. Herein, photoelectronic multiplication (PM) type OPDs are fabricated by doping small ratio C60 as electron traps into PBDT-TT-F:PC61BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ). The mechanism of PM assisted by C60 is analyzed systematically, especially for the influence of C60 concentration on the device performance. For obtaining an ideal operating voltage of required OPDs, we further change the PC61BM concentration to adjust the voltage happening tunneling injection. On the basis, the PM type OPD with low bias and facile fabrication is achieved where the optimized weight ratio of PBDT-TT-F:PC61BM:C60 is 6:6:0.2. The EQE spectra of the resulting OPD shows broadband response and >100% EQE values in visible region under reverse bias. At −3.0 V bias, they arrive to 629.1%, 655.7%, and 739.8% under the illumination of three selected wavelengths of 460, 530, and 630 nm, respectively. The experimental results indicate that the effective electron traps can be formed by introducing a small weight of C60 into the active layer. Moreover, the observed >100% EQE values are attributed to the cathode hole tunneling injection assisted by the trapped electrons in C60 near the Al cathode. The present study provides theoretical basis and method to obtain the desirable operating voltage of PM type OPDs with facile fabrication.

Rotated clinching is a novel cold plastic deformation joining process, which is suitable for the multi-point simultaneous joining of sheet metals. However, the effect of various parameters on the mechanical properties of joints using rotated clinching remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to analyse the important parameters that affect the joint’s shearing strength and relationship between them. The relational expression between the four process parameters (die depth, rotation angle, small fillet radius and large fillet radius) and joint shearing strength was established using the response surface method. Additionally, the quantitative relationship between them was expressed by this relational expression, and the significance of process parameters were evaluated using the analysis of variance. The results revealed that the most significant parameter regarding the shearing strength was die depth h, with the contribution of 47.1%, followed by rotation angle α and small fillet radius r1, with the contributions of 26.8% and 8.2%, respectively, whereas the large fillet radius R1 is the least significant, there is a significant interaction effect between R1 and α, with the contribution of 5.4%. The shearing strength had a negative relationship with the die depth h and small fillet r1, whereas it had a positive relationship with rotation angle α. The predicted maximum value of the shearing strength was 1231.92 N at h = 2.29 mm, r1 = 0.46 mm, R1 = 1.27 mm and α = 18.45° in the range of given design parameter values. The experimental values of the shearing strength comprised approximately 74% of the predicted values.

To improve the properties of CuAlO2 thin films, the preparation of CuAlO2 ceramics with excellent properties is an important prerequisite, and the optimization of ceramic properties is often achieved by doping. Zn-doped CuAlO2 ceramics were prepared by the solid phase sintering method. The structural, electrical and magnetic properties of Zn-doped CuAlO2 ceramics were systematically studied. The results show that the crystal structure of the as-sintered Zn-doped CuAlO2 was rhombohedral, space group R3m. Grain size of samples grew with the amount of Zn increases, which is related to the enhancement of CuAl2O4 phases in the sample ceramics. The density of doped ceramics changed when increasing Zn-doping concentration compared to undoped ceramics. It reached a minimum 0.96 g/cm3. The resistivity of Zn-doped CuAlO2 ceramic samples climbed with the increase of Zn content, and it can reach 59.6 Ω•cm at 10 mol%. The ferromagnetic behavior was enhanced with increasing the Zn concentration.

Based on density functional theory, this paper systematically calculated the effects of different Mo doping concentrations and neutral intrinsic defects on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of Mo-doped In2O3 (IMO) systems. Studies have shown that the magnetic properties of the IMO system are mainly derived from the hybridization of doped Mo atoms and neighboring O atoms, and as the Mo doping concentration increase, the total magnetic moment of the IMO system also increases, and the magnetic properties increase. In the same configuration, VO, Oi, VIn, and Ini were introduced, and the magnetization energies were 107.29 meV, 2.21 meV, 0.24 meV and-703.72 meV, respectively. Except for the system containing Ini, it transformed into an antiferromagnetic ground state, Others still exhibit ferromagnetic coupling, which shows that different intrinsic defects have a regulatory effect on doping magnetism.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of optimized ultrafiltration on perioperative electrolytes, acid–base balance, and pulmonary function during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants with low body weight (under 10 kg), using traditional balanced ultrafiltration and modified ultrafiltration.Methods: A total of 30 children who underwent surgical correction for congenital heart disease in Changzhou Children's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2019 were randomly divided into two groups. In the treatment group, ultrafiltration pre-treatment was carried out with blood-containing priming fluid prior to CPB. Balanced ultrafiltration was performed during the operation, and optimized and modified ultrafiltration were conducted before closing and extubation. In the control group, traditional balanced ultrafiltration was used during the operation, and a modified ultrafiltration combination was used before closing and extubation. Indexes such as blood gas analysis and electrolytes were measured perioperatively, and pulmonary function was observed.Results: No deaths were reported in either group. The ventilator-assisted breathing time was shorter in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The indexes of the treatment group were closer than those of the control group to the optimal physiological values. The concentrations of potassium ion (K+), lactate (Lac), and blood glucose (Glu) decreased, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05) at the end of CPB. Hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) in the treatment group increased (P < 0.01). Alveolar-arterial differences for oxygen (A-aDO2) and respiratory index (RI) increased significantly in both groups after operation. Children in the treatment group began to recover lung function earlier than children in the control group. Both A-aDO2 and RI were lower in the treatment group than in the control group at each time point after operation (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Optimizing and modifying the traditional ultrafiltration combination method can effectively shorten the ultrafiltration time, reduce the adverse impacts of the ultrafiltration technique, and improve the lung function of infants after operation.

To examine the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among Chinese adults, we performed an ongoing cohort study of 38578 Chinese adults (56.3% males; average age, 41.6 y) who underwent repeated health check-up examinations between 2009 and 2016 and without T2DM at baseline. During follow-up, incident T2DM cases were identified based on self-report, medication use, measurements of fasting plasma glucose, 2 h post oral glucose, or haemoglobinA1c. 2009 (5.2%) cases confirmed with incident T2DM were identified during median follow-up of 3.1 years. With increasing quartiles of BUN levels, the incidences of T2DM gradually increased with 0.69%, 1.11%, 1.53%, and 1.87% for quartile 1 to quartile 4 (p trend

Generally, typical crescentic dunes in the ideal state are symmetrical, but it is difficult to form crescentic dunes with two perfectly symmetrical horns under actual conditions. Among many environmental factors, bidirectional winds, the size of sand particles, topography, epiphyte vegetation, and dune collision are important reasons for the asymmetric evolution of sand dunes. Few existing studies have revealed the mechanism of the morphological evolution of asymmetric crescentic dunes, especially in regard to the role of wind in a complex dune’s morphology. In this study, we used the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and mass balance models to simulate the asymmetric forms and flow fields of crescentic dunes and analyzed the potential causes of the asymmetry among the above aspects. The results showed that: (1) the angle of the bidirectional winds significantly changed the structure of vortices around the sand dune; (2) for crescentic dunes with coarser sand, the deposit continuity was better, the extension of the single horn was maintained for a long time, and the extended horn took longer to die out; (3) the crescentic dune deformed according to the direction of the inclination of the terrain, and the shear stress of a dune on a slope was related to the slope, width, or height; (4) whether there was epiphytic vegetation on a dune’s surface had a great impact on the dune’s migration; (5) the collision position of two dunes determined the shape of the two dunes after fusion. The simulation results indicated that the spatial–temporal differences in sand flux, caused by changes in flow fields that were induced by various factors, determined the evolutionary shape of crescentic dunes. These results can provide a reference for the study of the erosion of surface flow fields on various dunes and for the prevention and control of wind and sand disasters in the Gobi Desert area.

Background This comprehensive meta-analysis aimed to combine data from different studies and to estimate the association between FKBP5 polymorphisms and depression. Methods We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies. An electronic search was conducted on four databases for articles published before July 1, 2020. Results A total of 5125 patients with depression and 8399 controls from 16 independent studies were included in the analysis. The results showed that FKBP5 rs1360780 was associated with the risk of depression in the codominant model (CT vs. CC; OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.00-1.20, P = .04); rs4713916 polymorphism was associated with depression in the codominant model (AG vs. GG; OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.05-1.34, P = .008) and recessive model (AA vs. AG + GG; OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56-0.99, P = .04); a significant association between rs3800373 and depression was found in the codominant genetic model (AC vs. AA; OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05-1.34, P = .007) and dominant model (CC + AC vs. AA; OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.03-1.30, P = .02); there was no significant association of FKBP5 rs9470080 or rs9296158 with depression in any genetic model (P > .05). No publication bias was observed in our analysis. Moreover, sensitivity analyses demonstrated the Zobel's study significantly affected the heterogeneity for rs4713916 and rs3800373. Conclusions FKBP5 rs1360780 was associated with an increased risk of depression in the codominant model. We also found that rs4713916 and rs3800373 were involved in depression, rs4713916 was positively associated with depression in the codominant model and recessive model, and rs3800373 was related to an elevated risk of depression in the codominant model and dominant model.

Liping Yang,1,2 Zhaomin Liu,2 Wenhua Ling,2 Li Wang,1 Changyi Wang,1 Jianping Ma,1 Xiaolin Peng,1 Jianying Chen3 1Center for Chronic Disease Control, Nanshan, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Internal Medicine Department, BaiYun Hospital, GuangZhou, GuangDong Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liping YangCenter for Chronic Disease Control, NanShan, ShenZhen 518000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-755-26403300Email yanglp6@mail2.sysu.edu.cnBackground: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) fragments have been shown to be associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Anthocyanins as a subgroup of natural polyphenols could have benefits on treating cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of purified anthocyanins on serum IGFBP-4 fragments and glycemic control in patients with fasting hyperglycemia.Methods: A set of 121 participants with elevated fasting glucose (≥ 5.6 mmol/L), who were originally randomly assigned to anthocyanins (320 mg/day) or placebo groups, were included in this study. Serum IGFBP-4 fragments, fasting and postload glucose, insulin, and C-peptide after a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured at baseline and at the end of 12 weeks.Results: Compared with placebo, anthocyanins increased serum IGFBP-4 fragments (net change 8.33 ng/mL, 95% CI [1.2, 15.47], p=0.023) and decreased fasting glucose (− 0.4 mmol/L [− 0.71, -0.1], p=0.01), 2-hour C-peptide (− 1.02 ng/mL [− 1.99, − 0.04], p=0.041) and the 3-hour area under the curve (AUC) of C-peptide (− 2.19 [− 4.11, − 0.27], p=0.026). No other significant difference in parameters for glycemic control and insulin resistance was observed.Conclusion: Anthocyanins supplementation for 12 weeks improved serum IGFBP-4 fragments and decreased fasting glucose and postload C-peptide in patients with fasting hyperglycemia. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and clarify the potential mechanism.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02689765. Registered on 6 February 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02689765.Keywords: IGFBP-4 fragments, anthocyanin, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin resistance, C-peptide