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A new insight into odor adsorption onto common fibers promotes health and wellbeing through managing malodor and indoor air pollutants.

A novel sandwich-type biosensor denoted as "MIP-analyte-Ab" was constructed on a glassy carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@GCE), which is dedicated to explore a general solution for electrochemical tests in a relatively high potential range on Au electrodes. In particular, parasitic reactions of Au oxidation severely hindered the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reactions of the Ru(bpy)

Mine water cannot be discharged until it has been treated, which increases the cost of mining and causes environmental damage. This paper attempted to use sulfate mine water as a flame retardant material for the treatment of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) in underground mines. The temperature-programed experimental device and gas chromatograph were used to simulate the low-temperature oxidation process of coal. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the influence and inhibition mechanism of mine water and chloride inhibitor on active functional groups. It was found that although the sulfate mine water inhibited the formation of -OH, it accelerated the cleavage of the aromatic ring. The thermogravimetric experiment was used to analyze the ignition temperature and activation energy of different coal samples. It was found that mine water had an obvious effect on inhibiting CSC in the combustion stage, which could increase the oxidation temperature of coal.

Dysregulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) still greatly challenges the treatments for bladder cancer (BC), where exosomal miRNAs derived from CAFs are one of the essential effectors for tumor progression. miR-93-5p is reported to be upregulated in BC, however, it is barely investigated in BC-derived CAFs.The CAF markers were immunofluorescent-labeled and examined by western blotting assay in CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs). CAFs- and NFs-derived exosomes (CAFs-exo/NFs-exo) were authenticated by transmission electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Cell viability was determined by cell counting kit-8 assay, and cell mobility was evaluated by wound healing and transwell assays. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to quantify the RNA expressions, and a western blotting assay was used for protein expression. Interaction between miR-93-5p and Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase IB Subunit Beta (PAFAH1B1) was verified by luciferase reporter assay. HE staining assay was applied to assess the histological changes of xenografts.CAFs-exo notably enhanced cell mobility and the expression levels of miR-93-5p of BC cells compared to NFs-exo. However, inhibition of miR-93-5p in CAFs-exo exhibited attenuated pro-metastatic ability on BC cells. PAFAH1B1 was one of the predicted targets of miR-93-5p, whose mRNA level was most significantly downregulated after miR-93-5p transfection. The interaction between PAFAH1B1 and miR-93-5p was verified, and miR-93-5p negatively regulated the protein level of PAFAH1B1. Overexpression of PAFAH1B1 could efficiently reverse the effects of miR-93-5p mimic on BC cell mobility. Finally, inhibition of miR-93-5p was proved to impair the carcinogenic function of CAFs-exo in vivo.Exosomal miR-93-5p derived from CAFs confers oncogenicity on BC cells via sponging PAFAH1B1, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for BC.

This review examined the association between workplace violence and the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout among nurses.The extent to which workplace violence is associated with an increased risk of PTSD and burnout in nurses remains unclear.We searched nine electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Chinese Biomedical, China National Knowledge Internet and WANFANG).Overall, 114 full-text studies were identified; 43 met the inclusion criteria, of which 10 were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to their counterparts with non-exposure to workplace violence, nurses experiencing it had 2.13 and 2.25 times higher odds of reporting PTSD and burnout after adjusting the confounding factors. Additionally, the moderator and mediator factors might help reduce the risk of both in this population.This study indicated that workplace violence increases the risk of PTSD and burnout.Our review identified the magnitude of the association between exposure to workplace violence and the reported symptoms of PTSD and burnout in nurses. Furthermore, multi-targeted efforts directed at the identified social/organizational, task-related and individual resources might help mitigate their harmful impact in the aforementioned population.

Purpose The desired outcome in the new product development (NPD) effort is the timely commercialization of a profitable product. Whether marketing can benefit from the NPD case study is a critical but underresearched issue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usage and quality of NPD case studies in business and industrial marketing. Design/methodology/approach To investigate the prevalence and research quality of case studies on NPD in business and industrial marketing, 317 case studies published in mainstream journals over the past decade (2010–2020) are reviewed. Findings This study finds that the distribution of quantity and quality of case studies fluctuates across journals. The scores on the evaluation template for the different case study stages vary widely across journals. This indicates that different journals have different criteria and priorities for NPD case studies. By focusing on different issues, enterprises can quickly find appropriate journals and case results according to their own needs. Originality/value This paper can help spark a debate about the implementation and quality of NPD case studies, including future studies and practical applications. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no similar study has been found in existing studies.

Although reports of human infection with influenza A(H5N6) increased in 2021, reports of similar H5N6 virus infection in poultry are few. We detected 10 avian influenza A(H5N6) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in poultry from 4 provinces in China. The viruses showed strong immune-escape capacity and complex genetic reassortment, suggesting further transmission risk.

The toxicity evaluation system of environmental pollutants has undergone numerous changes due to the application of new technologies. Single-cell toxicogenomics is rapidly changing our view on environmental toxicology by increasing the resolution of our analysis to the level of a single cell. Applications of this technology in environmental toxicology have begun to emerge and are rapidly expanding the portfolio of existing technologies and applications. Here, we first summarized different methods involved in single-cell isolation and amplification in single-cell sequencing process, compared the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, and analyzed their development trends. Then, we reviewed the main advances of single-cell toxicogenomics in environmental toxicology, emphatically analyzed the application prospects of this technology in identifying the target cells of pollutants in early embryos, clarifying the heterogeneous response of cell subtypes to pollutants, and finding pathogenic bacteria in unknown microbes, and highlighted the unique characteristics of this approach with high resolution, high throughput, and high specificity by examples. We also offered a prediction of the further application of this technology and the revolution it brings in environmental toxicology. Overall, these advances will provide practical solutions for controlling or mitigating exogenous toxicological effects that threaten human and ecosystem health, contribute to improving our understanding of the physiological processes affected by pollutants, and lead to the emergence of new methods of pollution control.

Urban commuting characteristics have important implications for both the spatial planning and governance of cities. However, the traditional methods of surveying the characteristics of commuting are very time- and labour-intensive, with the results susceptible to subjective influences. In this work, taking the central city of Nanning as the research object, the commuting space of the population was constructed on the grid-block-subdistrict scale, and the distribution characteristics of the commuting space were systematically analysed. In addition, the influencing factors of the commuting volume were explored by combining multi-source and spatiotemporal data with a geodetector. From our analysis, it was demonstrated that the population density in the central city of Nanning showed a spatial distribution pattern of “decaying distance from the city centre”, with a weak agglomeration effect of large-scale commuters at the grid scale and a larger east-west than north-south commuter scale. At the block scale, large-scale commuters were more concentrated, and the commuting distances were shorter in areas with large commuter populations. At the subdistrict scale, the internal commuting population was also more than the cross-subdistrict commuting population, with more cross-subdistrict commuting flows and an uneven distribution of the flow sizes, with most commuters concentrating on two or three subdistricts for commuting. Various important factors that affect the size of the commuting population should be controlled, including the permanent population, residential distribution, medical facilities, recreational facilities, food services and workplace distribution; the interactions between the permanent population, the residential distribution and the house price factors have the strongest impact values. Our work provides valuable insights for the understanding of commuting patterns in cities and can be used as a scientific basis for urban spatial decision-making.

Identifying the response of runoff changes to extreme climate evolution was of great scientific significance for the rational regulation of watershed water resources and the prevention of hydrological disasters. However, the time–frequency response relationships were not clear. The Yinjiang River watershed, a typical watershed with karst trough valley areas, was chosen to identify the impact of different climatic driving factors on runoff changes from 1984 to 2015. Continuous wavelet transform (CWT), cross-wavelet transform (XWT), and wavelet coherence transform (WTC) were performed to study the response relationship and time–frequency effect between runoff changes and extreme climate change at different time scales. The main results showed that: (1) Twelve extreme climate indices (ECIs) were detected to have a significant impact on runoff changes, mainly on a 6-year time scale; (2) The R10 and Rx1day in extreme precipitation index and SU34.4 and TNx in the extreme temperature index were the main driving factors of runoff changes, which had relatively large impacts on runoff changes in high and low energy vibration regions. However, the remaining eight ECIs that passed the 0.05 confidence level showed relatively large impacts on runoff changes only in low energy vibration regions; (3) The transition of the interaction between ECIs and runoff changes in high and low time–frequency scales was related to the abrupt change characteristics of the ECIs. The correlation of abrupt change was an important reason for the emergence of highly correlated regions that trigger high and low energy vibrations; (4) As a whole, the extreme precipitation events were ahead of runoff changes at the high time–frequency scale and exhibited small lag effects at the low time–frequency scale, while extreme temperature events were mainly ahead of runoff changes. This study has effectively revealed the impact of climate factors at different scales on runoff changes, and provides a theoretical understanding for regulating and managing water resources in karst basins.

This study is aimed at the special working conditions of seeding on sloping land, combining advanced precision seeding technology and the structure of rotary hole filling corn precision metering device seed rowers at home and abroad, and studying soil entry characteristics, the characteristics of soil particles and the seed transport pattern in the puncture process, in order to improve the seed dispersal qualified index and reduce the coefficient of variation in the process of seeding. The simulation test of the cavity-tying device was carried out using the MBD–DEM coupling method, and it can be seen that the rocker bending angle is 120° when the force is the largest; at this time the rocker and the soil force is the largest, indicating the best effect on soil particle separation and the fastest movement speed. The single-factor test determined that the operating speed of the seed rower ranged from 0.8 to 1.2 m/s, the spring preload force of the seed rower ranged from 5.5 to 25 N, and the operating slope angle of the seed rower ranged from 8° to 16°. The optimal structure and parameter characteristics of the rotary hole filling corn precision metering device were determined with a multi-factor test, and it was proven that the rotary hole filling corn precision metering device has better performance and a higher seed rowing quality, with the qualified index reaching 96.2%. This study can provide a reference for the research of corn precision seeders, enrich the form of corn precision seeders, and effectively improve the level of corn mechanized seeding.

Microbes are commonly sensitive to shifts in the physiological and pathological state of their hosts, including mothers and babies. From this perspective, the microbiome may be a good indicator for diseases during pregnancy and has the potential to be used for perinatal health monitoring. This is embodied in the application of microbiome from multi body sites for auxiliary diagnosis, early prediction, prolonged monitoring, and retrospective diagnosis of pregnancy and infant complications, as well as nutrition management and health products developments of mothers and babies. Here we summarized the progress in these areas and explained that the microbiome of different body sites is sensitive to different diseases and their microbial biomarkers may overlap between each other, thus we need to make a diagnosis prudently for those diseases. Based on the microbiome variances and additional anthropometric and physical data, individualized responses of mothers and neonates to meals and probiotics/prebiotics were predictable, which is of importance for precise nutrition and probiotics/prebiotics managements and developments. Although a great deal of encouraging performance was manifested in previous studies, the efficacy could be further improved by combining multi-aspect data such as multi-omics and time series analysis in the future. This review reconceptualizes maternal and infant health from a microbiome perspective, and the knowledge in it may inspire the development of new options for the prevention and treatment of adverse pregnancy outcomes and bring a leap forward in perinatal health care.

Water and fertilizer play an important role in crop growth in dryland areas. It is a necessity to improve the water use efficiency (WUE) of the crop once the water resource is limited. In northern China, where there is a wide shortage of water resources, it is therefore necessary to investigate how fertilization affects the WUE of spring maize and to quantify the effects. A total of 33 published peer-reviewed papers were collected, and a meta-analysis and random forest model analysis were performed with 364 WUE comparisons, aiming to explore the effects of fertilization on the WUE of spring maize and to clarify the optimal conditions for WUE under fertilizer management. The results showed that fertilization significantly increased the WUE of spring maize by 56.72% (P < 0.01) when compared with non-fertilization. The WUE effect under the organic–inorganic fertilizer combination (MNPK) was approximately twice as high as that under inorganic fertilizer (NPK) or organic fertilizer (M). The greatest increase in WUE occurred at 0–100 kg ha−1 of nitrogen application (NA). Under environmental conditions including 7 ≤ mean annual temperature in the test year (T) ≤ 10 °C, 400 ≤ mean annual precipitation in the test year (P) ≤ 600 mm, and mean altitude (A) > 1500 m, and soil conditions including 10 ≤ soil organic matter content (SOM) ≤ 14 g kg−1 and available phosphorus (AP) < 5 mg kg−1, the fertilization optimally enhanced the WUE of spring maize when the agronomic measures of ridge–furrow planting (RFP) and mulching film (MF) were used. The random forest model analysis indicated that the influence factors (i.e., fertilizer regimes, environmental factors, soil factors, and agronomic measures) caused 65.62% of the variation in spring maize WUE effects, while in all influence factors, fertilizer types related to fertilizer regimes caused the most variation. The initial available potassium (AK) and available nitrogen (AN) of the soil were negatively correlated to the WUE effect, indicating that fertilization imposed a better effect on the WUE of spring maize when the soil was infertile. Fertilization significantly increased the WUE of spring maize, and organic and inorganic fertilizer application provided an effective measure for the sustainable development of spring maize in northern China. After clarifying the required conditions for fertilization increasing WUE, high-efficiency water use may be achieved.

As urbanization and population growth continue to accelerate in China, maintaining public safety and crisis management has become increasingly complex. To address this issue, this research article proposes a new model for optimizing urban public safety governance and crisis management by integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technology with a focus on sustainability. This study aims to explore the construction and path of an urban public safety governance and crisis management optimization model integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technology in China. We developed a linear regression model to examine the relationship between public safety technologies and outcomes, with public safety outcomes (PSO) as the dependent variable and public safety governance structure (PSGS), AI-driven data collection and analysis (AIDC&A), crisis prediction and early warning system (CPEWS), AI-assisted decision-making (AIADM), and public safety response mechanisms (PSRM) as independent variables. The model summary revealed that the independent variables accounted for a moderate proportion of the variance in public safety outcomes, with an R² value of 0.5 and an adjusted R² value of 0.45. The results supported the hypothesis that the integration of different public safety technologies has a positive impact on public safety outcomes. The effective governance structure, AI-driven data collection and analysis, crisis prediction and early warning system, AI-assisted decision-making, and efficient public safety response mechanisms were all found to be crucial for enhancing public safety outcomes. The proposed model was validated through a case study in a Chinese city, with feedback from stakeholders confirming its effectiveness. Overall, the findings suggest that the urban public safety governance and crisis management optimization model integrating AI technology can significantly improve public safety management in urban areas.

Backgrounds Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health and human development problem, especially in developing countries. Despite the effectiveness of directly observed therapy, short course programs in reducing transmission and progression of TB, poverty reduction and socioeconomic development remain crucial factors in decreasing TB incidence. However, the geographical pathway on the planet is not yet clear. Objectives This study was to reconstruct the geographical evolutionary process of TB in 173 countries and territories from 2010 to 2019 to analyze the socioeconomic determinants that impact the global TB epidemic. In addition, the TB incidence in 2030 was predicted. Methods This study analyses TB incidence data from 173 countries and territories between 2010 and 2019. The Geotree model would be used to reconstruct the geographical evolutionary process of TB, which provides a simplified schema for geo-visualizing the trajectories of TB incidence and their socioeconomic drivers. Additionally, to estimate the future TB incidence in 2030, a multilevel model was utilized in conjunction with the hierarchical nature of the Geotree based on a stratified heterogeneity analysis. Results Global TB incidence was found to be associated with the country type and development stages. Between 2010 and 2019, the average TB incidence rate in 173 countries and territories was -27.48%, with marked spatially stratified heterogeneity by country type and development stage. Low-income and lower-middle-income countries were most vulnerable to TB. Upper-middle-income countries experienced a faster decline in TB incidence than high-income countries, and TB incidence generally decreased as the development stage increased, except for the lower-middle development stage in 2019.The highest average rate of decline in TB incidence was observed in the upper-middle development stage of high-income countries, with a reduction of 45.24%. Meanwhile, 37 high-income countries in the high development stage demonstrated an average rate of change of -13.93%. Socioeconomic determinants, including gross domestic product per capita, urbanization rate, and sociodemographic index, were found to inhibit TB incidence. Based on current trends, the predicted average global TB incidence in 2030 is 91.581 per 100,000 population. Conclusions The trajectories of the global TB incidence have been reconstructed to formulate targeted public health responses. To eliminate TB, countries at similar development stage can draw on the experiences of countries at higher development stages that are tailored to their unique characteristics. By learning from successful TB control strategies, countries can take strategic steps toward eradicating TB and improving public health outcomes.

Hypoxia is one of the major causes of cancer resistance and metastasis. Currently, it is still lack of convenient ways to simulate the in vivo hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) under normoxia in vitro. In this study, based on multi-polymerized alginate, we established a three-dimensional culture system with a core-shell structure (3d-ACS), which prevents oxygen diffusion to a certain extent, thereby simulating the hypoxic TME in vivo. The cell activity, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) expression, drug resistance, and the related gene and protein changes of the gastric cancer (GC) cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that the GC cells formed organoid-like structures in the 3d-ACS and manifested more aggressive growth and decreased drug responses. Our study provides an accessible hypoxia platform in the laboratory with moderate configuration and it may be applied in studies of the hypoxia-induced drug resistances and other preclinical fields.

Purpose Implementing servitization requires collaborative efforts from multiple actors in the business network or ecosystem. A multi-actor perspective is considered valuable for understanding the process of servitization. This study aims to review the contemporary research on organizing servitization by multi-actor collaborations. Design/methodology/approach The approach of systematic literature review was used. In total, 90 English-language journal articles published from 2004 to 2021 were selected based on a series of rigorous steps. Furthermore, descriptive and thematic analyses were conducted to answer the predefined review questions. Findings The servitization research from the multi-actor collaboration perspective is an infant field yet growing increasingly. An integrative framework was proposed to reveal the extant related studies. In this framework, three typical servitization lenses emphasizing multi-actor collaborations were uncovered. Moreover, six categories of influence factors and possible positive and negative outcomes for this process were identified. Existing knowledge gaps and underlying research directions were also discussed to lay the foundations for future research. Research limitations/implications This research has been limited by the usage of single database, rigorous selection criteria by the Academic Journal Guide (AJG 2018) list and exclusion of non-English papers. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the earliest systematic literature reviews to explore the servitization issues by adopting a multi-actor perspective. The findings can consolidate the knowledge base of servitization and provide implications for the multiple fields of industrial marketing, operational management, information management and service marketing.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death for women diagnosed with gynecological cancer. Studies have shown that dysregulated miRNA expression is related to various cancers, including OC. Here, we aimed to explore the biological function and mechanism of miR-585-3p in the occurrence and development of OC. The expression level of miR-585-3p was found to be low in OC tissues and cells. We analyzed the biological function of miR-585-3p in OC through in vitro cell experiments. The results indicated that overexpression of miR-585-3p inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of SW626 cells, while low expression of miR-585-3p had the opposite effect in SKOV3 cells. We then screened the target genes of miR-585-3p through miRDB database and detected the expression of target genes in OC cells. FSCN1 was found to be most significantly upregulated in OC cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed FSCN1 as a potential target of miR-585-3p. Western blot analysis showed that miR-585-3p targeted FSCN1 to inhibit protein phosphorylation of ERK. In vivo animal experiments also confirmed that miR-585-3p targets FSCN1 to inhibit tumor growth and block the MAPK signaling pathway. In summary, miR-585-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OC cells by targeting FSCN1, and its mechanism of action may be achieved by inhibiting the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. miR-585-3p may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for OC.

Family caregivers play an increasingly important role in providing care services, especially for the aging population. Currently, evidence on compassion fatigue among family caregivers remains limited. Our study aims to assess the levels and related factors of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction in family caregivers. We searched nine electronic databases for published observational studies up to 7 October 2021. In our studies, the pooled mean scores of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction were 42.35 (95% CI: 28.45-56.24) and 36.41 (95% CI: 33.63-39.19), respectively. We considered background, role-related, and social psychological variables to influence the risk of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction. Current data suggest that overall compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction levels were moderate, thus highlighting the potential risk of compassion fatigue for family caregivers. In the future, these findings can be used to develop programs that will mitigate compassion fatigue and improve compassion satisfaction in family caregivers.

Acyl-homoserine-lactones (AHLs), as the major quorum sensing (QS) signalling molecules in Gram-negative bacteria, have shown great application potential in regulating biological nutrient removal process. The identification of AHLs synthases plays an essential role in in-depth research on QS mechanisms and applications of biological wastewater treatment processes. This work proposed the first prediction model for AHLs synthases based on machine learning algorithms, namely, AHLS-pred. The training dataset AHLS1400 and the independent testing dataset AHLS132 for AHLSs prediction were first established. Three sequence-based feature extraction methods are utilized to generate feature descriptors, namely, amino acid composition, dipeptide composition and G-gap dipeptide composition respectively. Subsequently, the optimal features were obtained based on the sorted feature descriptors (in F-score order) and the sequential forward search strategy. By comparing five different machine learning algorithms, the final prediction model is trained with support vector machine classifier on AHLS1400 in fivefold cross-validation with the best performance (ACC = 99.43%, MCC = 0.989, AUC = 0.997). The results show that AHLS-pred achieves an ACC of 94.70%, MCC of 0.894 and AUC of 0.995 on the independent testing dataset AHLS132. It demonstrates that AHLS-pred is a promising and powerful prediction method for accelerating the process of AHLSs computational identification.