35 results on '"Judd, Suzanne E."'
Search Results
2. Additional file 1 of Lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index and risk of chronic kidney disease
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Bullen, Alexander L., Katz, Ronit, Kumar, Ujjala, Gutierrez, Orlando M., Sarnak, Mark J., Kramer, Holly J., Shlipak, Michael G., Ix, Joachim H., Judd, Suzanne E., Cushman, Mary, and Garimella, Pranav S.
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Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Association of VAI with incident kidney failure. Supplemental Table 2. Association of LAP with incident kidney failure. Supplemental Table 3. Association of measures of adiposity with incident kidney failure in a competing risk of death analysis. Supplemental Table 4. Association of measures of adiposity with incident kidney failure stratified by baseline CKD stages. Supplemental Table 5. Association of triglycerides and HDL with incident CKD, progressive eGFR decline, and incident kidney failure. Supplemental Table 6. Association of measures of adiposity with incident albuminuria. Supplemental Figure 1. Global Wald Chi-Square Score of Relative Importance of Measures of Adiposity to Incident Kidney Failure. Abbreviations: VAI, visceral adiposity index; BMI, body mass index; LAP, lipid accumulation product.
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- 2023
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3. sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X231162648 - Supplemental material for Gut microbiota-associated metabolites and risk of ischemic stroke in REGARDS
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Ament, Zsuzsanna, Patki, Amit, Bhave, Varun M, Chaudhary, Ninad S, Garcia Guarniz, Ana-Lucia, Kijpaisalratana, Naruchorn, Judd, Suzanne E, Cushman, Mary, Long, D Leann, Irvin, M Ryan, and Kimberly, W Taylor
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110320 Radiology and Organ Imaging ,FOS: Clinical medicine ,FOS: Biological sciences ,Medicine ,Cell Biology ,110305 Emergency Medicine ,110306 Endocrinology ,Biochemistry ,69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified ,110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X231162648 for Gut microbiota-associated metabolites and risk of ischemic stroke in REGARDS by Zsuzsanna Ament, Amit Patki, Varun M Bhave, Ninad S Chaudhary, Ana-Lucia Garcia Guarniz, Naruchorn Kijpaisalratana, Suzanne E Judd, Mary Cushman, D Leann Long, M Ryan Irvin and W Taylor Kimberly in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
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- 2023
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4. Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R) Study: Study Design
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Oelsner, Elizabeth C, Krishnaswamy, Akshaya, Balte, Pallavi P, Allen, Norrina Bai, Ali, Tauqeer, Anugu, Pramod, Andrews, Howard F, Arora, Komal, Asaro, Alyssa, Barr, R Graham, Bertoni, Alain G, Bon, Jessica, Boyle, Rebekah, Chang, Arunee A, Chen, Grace, Coady, Sean, Cole, Shelley A, Coresh, Josef, Cornell, Elaine, Correa, Adolfo, Couper, David, Cushman, Mary, Demmer, Ryan T, Elkind, Mitchell SV, Folsom, Aaron R, Fretts, Amanda M, Gabriel, Kelley P, Gallo, Linda C, Gutierrez, Jose, Han, Mei Lan K, Henderson, Joel M, Howard, Virginia J, Isasi, Carmen R, Jacobs, David R, Judd, Suzanne E, Mukaz, Debora Kamin, Kanaya, Alka M, Kandula, Namratha R, Kaplan, Robert C, Kinney, Gregory L, Kucharska-Newton, Anna, Lee, Joyce S, Lewis, Cora E, Levine, Deborah A, Levitan, Emily B, Levy, Bruce D, Make, Barry J, Malloy, Kimberly, Manly, Jennifer J, Mendoza-Puccini, Carolina, Meyer, Katie A, Min, Yuan-I Nancy, Moll, Matthew R, Moore, Wendy C, Mauger, David, Ortega, Victor E, Palta, Priya, Parker, Monica M, Phipatanakul, Wanda, Post, Wendy S, Postow, Lisa, Psaty, Bruce M, Regan, Elizabeth A, Ring, Kimberly, Roger, Véronique L, Rotter, Jerome I, Rundek, Tatjana, Sacco, Ralph L, Schembri, Michael, Schwartz, David A, Seshadri, Sudha, Shikany, James M, Sims, Mario, Hinckley Stukovsky, Karen D, Talavera, Gregory A, Tracy, Russell P, Umans, Jason G, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Watson, Karol E, Wenzel, Sally E, Winters, Karen, Woodruff, Prescott G, Xanthakis, Vanessa, Zhang, Ying, Zhang, Yiyi, and C4R Investigators
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Adult ,Pediatric Research Initiative ,C4R Investigators ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Mathematical Sciences ,Cohort Studies ,Vaccine Related ,Young Adult ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 , Clinical Research ,Biodefense ,Behavioral and Social Science ,80 and over ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Aetiology ,%22">> ,Pandemics ,Lung ,Aged ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Prevention ,COVID-19 ,Pneumonia ,Middle Aged ,United States ,Infectious Diseases ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,2.4 Surveillance and distribution - Abstract
The Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R) is a national prospective study of adults comprising 14 established US prospective cohort studies. Starting as early as 1971, investigators in the C4R cohort studies have collected data on clinical and subclinical diseases and their risk factors, including behavior, cognition, biomarkers, and social determinants of health. C4R links this pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) phenotyping to information on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and acute and postacute COVID-related illness. C4R is largely population-based, has an age range of 18-108 years, and reflects the racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic diversity of the United States. C4R ascertains SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 illness using standardized questionnaires, ascertainment of COVID-related hospitalizations and deaths, and a SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey conducted via dried blood spots. Master protocols leverage existing robust retention rates for telephone and in-person examinations and high-quality event surveillance. Extensive prepandemic data minimize referral, survival, and recall bias. Data are harmonized with research-quality phenotyping unmatched by clinical and survey-based studies; these data will be pooled and shared widely to expedite collaboration and scientific findings. This resource will allow evaluation of risk and resilience factors for COVID-19 severity and outcomes, including postacute sequelae, and assessment of the social and behavioral impact of the pandemic on long-term health trajectories.
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- 2022
5. Additional file 4 of A longitudinal examination of objective neighborhood walkability, body mass index, and waist circumference: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study
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Lang, Ian-Marshall, Antonakos, Cathy L., Judd, Suzanne E., and Colabianchi, Natalie
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Additional file 4. Logistic regression models predicting the odds of having a moderate-to-high risk wc at follow-up
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- 2022
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6. Additional file 3 of A longitudinal examination of objective neighborhood walkability, body mass index, and waist circumference: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study
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Lang, Ian-Marshall, Antonakos, Cathy L., Judd, Suzanne E., and Colabianchi, Natalie
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education ,mental disorders ,nutritional and metabolic diseases - Abstract
Additional file 3. Logistic regression models predicting the odds of being overweight/obese at follow-up
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- 2022
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7. Additional file 1 of A longitudinal examination of objective neighborhood walkability, body mass index, and waist circumference: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study
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Lang, Ian-Marshall, Antonakos, Cathy L., Judd, Suzanne E., and Colabianchi, Natalie
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Additional file 1. Logistic regression models predicting the odds of being overweight/obese using baseline height at follow-up
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- 2022
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8. APOL1 risk variants associated with serum albumin in a population-based cohort study
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Chaudhary, Ninad S, Tiwari, Hemant K., Hidalgo, Bertha A, Limdi, Nita A, Reynolds, Richard J, Cushman, Mary, Zakai, Neil A, Lange, Leslie, Judd, Suzanne E, Winkler, Cheryl A., Kopp, Jeffrey B, Gutiérrez, Orlando M., and Irvin, Marguerite R
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Adult ,Cohort Studies ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Middle Aged ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Apolipoprotein L1 ,Article ,Serum Albumin ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
The association of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) nephropathy risk variants (APOL1), unique to African-ancestry (African-American [AA]) populations, with systemic inflammation, a contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is ill-defined. This study aimed to describe the role of inflammatory markers in the relationship between APOL1 and incident kidney outcomes using a prospective cohort study.APOL1 high-risk status under a recessive genetic model was studied in 10,605 AA adults aged ≥45 years from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study. The primary variables of interest were inflammatory markers: C-reactive protein (mg/dL), white blood cell count (cells/mm3), and serum albumin (sALB) (mg/dL). High inflammation status was defined if at least one of these inflammatory markers exceeded clinical threshold. The association between APOL1 and biomarkers were assessed using regression models adjusting for age, sex, ancestry, hypertension, lipid medications, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Models were stratified by diabetes status. We identified incident ESKD using USRDS linkage, and we defined incident CKD as an eGFR60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and ≥25% decline in the eGFR and normal baseline eGFR and tested for mediation of APOL1 and outcomes by biomarkers using the causal inference approach.Among 7,151 participants with data available on all inflammation markers, 4,479 participants had ≥1 marker meeting the clinical threshold. APOL1 high-risk status was associated with lower adjusted odds of reduced sALB {odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]): 0.59 [0.36, 0.96])}, and this association was significant in people with diabetes (OR [95% CI]: 0.40 [0.18, 0.89]) but not in those without diabetes. There was no association of APOL1 high-risk status with other markers or high inflammation status. APOL1 was independently associated with ESKD (OR [95% CI] = 1.78 [1.28, 2.48]) and CKD (OR [95% CI] = 1.38 [1.00, 1.91]). On mediation analysis, the direct effect between APOL1 and ESKD strengthened after accounting for sALB, but the estimated mediated effect was not statistically significant (OR [95% CI]: 0.98 [0.92, 1.05], p = 0.58).APOL1 high-risk variants were associated with sALB. However, sALB did not statistically mediate the association between APOL1 and incident ESKD.
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- 2022
9. Additional file 2 of A longitudinal examination of objective neighborhood walkability, body mass index, and waist circumference: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study
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Lang, Ian-Marshall, Antonakos, Cathy L., Judd, Suzanne E., and Colabianchi, Natalie
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Additional file 2. Descriptive statistics for participants who were included versus excluded from the analytic sample
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- 2022
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10. JAH-20-517.R1_APPENDIX_A_SUPPLEMENTAL_MODEL_TABLES_4_and_5 – Supplemental Material for The Association of Neighborhood Medical Facilities with Aging in Place and Risk of Incident Myocardial Infarction
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Brown, Janene R., Hirsch, Jana A., Judd, Suzanne E., Hurvitz, Philip M., Howard, Virginia J., Safford, Monika, Moore, Jeffrey, and Lovasi, Gina S.
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FOS: Clinical medicine ,111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Health sciences ,110306 Endocrinology ,110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
Supplemental Material, JAH-20-517.R1_APPENDIX_A_SUPPLEMENTAL_MODEL_TABLES_4_and_5 for The Association of Neighborhood Medical Facilities with Aging in Place and Risk of Incident Myocardial Infarction by Janene R. Brown, Jana A. Hirsch, Suzanne E. Judd, Philip M. Hurvitz, Virginia J. Howard, Monika Safford, Jeffrey Moore and Gina S. Lovasi in Journal of Aging and Health
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- 2021
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11. Additional file 2 of Health care experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic by race and social determinants of health among adults age ��� 58 years in the REGARDS study
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Levitan, Emily B., Howard, Virginia J., Cushman, Mary, Judd, Suzanne E., Tison, Stephanie E., Yuan, Ya, Kamin Mukaz, Debora, Wang, Henry E., Pamir, Nathalie, Plante, Timothy B., Juraschek, Stephen P., Safford, Monika M., and Goyal, Parag
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Additional file 2. Health care experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic by race and social determinants of health among adults age ��� 58 years in the REGARDS Study.
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- 2021
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12. Additional file 1 of Health care experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic by race and social determinants of health among adults age ��� 58 years in the REGARDS study
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Levitan, Emily B., Howard, Virginia J., Cushman, Mary, Judd, Suzanne E., Tison, Stephanie E., Yuan, Ya, Kamin Mukaz, Debora, Wang, Henry E., Pamir, Nathalie, Plante, Timothy B., Juraschek, Stephen P., Safford, Monika M., and Goyal, Parag
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Additional file 1. REGARDS Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview CATI ��� COVID-19. REGARDS COVID-19 module administered beginning July 6, 2020.
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- 2021
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13. ProNT_Supp_VascMed_18AUG – Supplemental material for Pro-neurotensin/neuromedin N and risk of ischemic stroke: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study
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Nicoli, Charles D, Wettersten, Nicholas, Judd, Suzanne E, Howard, George, Howard, Virginia J, Struck, Joachim, and Cushman, Mary
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FOS: Clinical medicine ,Cardiology ,110323 Surgery - Abstract
Supplemental material, ProNT_Supp_VascMed_18AUG for Pro-neurotensin/neuromedin N and risk of ischemic stroke: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study by Charles D Nicoli, Nicholas Wettersten, Suzanne E Judd, George Howard, Virginia J Howard, Joachim Struck and Mary Cushman in Vascular Medicine
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- 2020
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14. CKD Awareness and Longitudinal Health Outcomes: Results from the REGARDS Study
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Tummalapalli, Sri Lekha, Vittinghoff, Eric, Crews, Deidra C., Cushman, Mary, Gutiérrez, Orlando M., Judd, Suzanne E., Kramer, Holly J., Peralta, Carmen A., Tuot, Delphine S., Shlipak, Michael G., and Estrella, Michelle M.
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Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Geography ,Coronary Disease ,Health Status Disparities ,Middle Aged ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Severity of Illness Index ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Article ,United States ,Race Factors ,Stroke ,Risk Factors ,Disease Progression ,Albuminuria ,Humans ,Female ,Longitudinal Studies ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The majority of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unaware of their kidney disease. Assessing the clinical significance of increasing CKD awareness has critical public health and healthcare delivery implications. Whether CKD awareness among persons with CKD is associated with longitudinal health behaviors, disease management, and health outcomes is unknown. METHODS: We analyzed data from participants with CKD in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a national, longitudinal, population-based cohort. Our predictor was participant CKD awareness. Outcomes were 1) Health behaviors (smoking avoidance, exercise, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID] use); 2) CKD management indicators (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use, statin use, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and body mass index); 3) change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR); and 4) health outcomes (incident end-stage kidney disease [ESKD], coronary heart disease, stroke, and death). Logistic and linear regression were used to examine the association of baseline CKD awareness with outcomes of interest, adjusted for CKD stage and participant demographic and clinical factors. RESULTS: Of 6,529 participants with baseline CKD, 285 (4.4%) were aware of their CKD. Among the 3,586 participants who survived until follow-up (median 9.5 years), baseline awareness was not associated with subsequent odds of health behaviors, CKD management indicators, or changes in eGFR and UACR in adjusted analyses. Baseline CKD awareness was associated with increased risk of ESKD (HR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.92) and death (HR=1.18; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.39), but not with subsequent coronary heart disease or stroke, in adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals aware of their CKD were more likely to experience ESKD and death, suggesting that CKD awareness reflects disease severity. Most persons with CKD, including those that are high-risk, remain unaware of their CKD. There was no evidence of associations between baseline CKD awareness and longitudinal health behaviors, CKD management indicators, or eGFR decline and albuminuria.
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- 2020
15. Chronic Kidney Disease Awareness and Longitudinal Health Outcomes: Results from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study
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Tummalapalli, Sri Lekha, Vittinghoff, Eric, Crews, Deidra C, Cushman, Mary, Gutiérrez, Orlando M, Judd, Suzanne E, Kramer, Holly J, Peralta, Carmen A, Tuot, Delphine S, Shlipak, Michael G, and Estrella, Michelle M
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Male ,Kidney Disease ,Clinical Sciences ,Renal and urogenital ,Coronary Disease ,Cardiovascular ,Severity of Illness Index ,Risk Factors ,Clinical Research ,Chronic kidney disease ,80 and over ,Humans ,Albuminuria ,Longitudinal Studies ,Renal Insufficiency ,Chronic ,Aged ,Practice ,Geography ,Health Knowledge ,Prevention ,Health Status Disparities ,Patient education ,Middle Aged ,Awareness ,Urology & Nephrology ,United States ,Race Factors ,Stroke ,Good Health and Well Being ,Attitudes ,Disease Progression ,Female ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
BackgroundThe majority of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unaware of their kidney disease. Assessing the clinical significance of increasing CKD awareness has critical public health and healthcare delivery implications. Whether CKD awareness among persons with CKD is associated with longitudinal health behaviors, disease management, and health outcomes is unknown.MethodsWe analyzed data from participants with CKD in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study, a national, longitudinal, population-based cohort. Our predictor was participant CKD awareness. Outcomes were (1) health behaviors (smoking avoidance, exercise, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use); (2) CKD management indicators (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use, statin use, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and body mass index); (3) change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR); and (4) health outcomes (incident end-stage kidney disease [ESKD], coronary heart disease [CHD], stroke, and death). Logistic and linear regressions were used to examine the association of baseline CKD awareness with outcomes of interest, adjusted for CKD stage and participant demographic and clinical factors.ResultsOf 6,529 participants with baseline CKD, 285 (4.4%) were aware of their CKD. Among the 3,586 participants who survived until follow-up (median 9.5 years), baseline awareness was not associated with subsequent odds of health behaviors, CKD management indicators, or changes in eGFR and UACR in adjusted analyses. Baseline CKD awareness was associated with increased risk of ESKD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.44; 95% CI 1.08-1.92) and death (aHR 1.18; 95% CI 1.00-1.39), but not with subsequent CHD or stroke, in adjusted models.ConclusionsIndividuals aware of their CKD were more likely to experience ESKD and death, suggesting that CKD awareness reflects disease severity. Most persons with CKD, including those that are high-risk, remain unaware of their CKD. There was no evidence of associations between baseline CKD awareness and longitudinal health behaviors, CKD management indicators, or eGFR decline and albuminuria.
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- 2020
16. A Prospective Study of Obesity, Metabolic Health and Cancer Mortality among Blacks and Whites
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Akinyemiju, Tomi, Moore, Justin Xavier, Pisu, Maria, Judd, Suzanne E., Goodman, Michael, Shikany, James M., Howard, Virginia J., Safford, Monika, and Gilchrist, Susan C.
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Male ,obesity ,Middle Aged ,Survival Analysis ,Article ,metabolic syndrome ,Body Mass Index ,Cohort Studies ,Risk Factors ,Neoplasms ,cancer ,Humans ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,race ,Aged - Abstract
Introduction We examined whether metabolic health status increases the risk of cancer mortality, and whether this association varied by body mass index (BMI) category. Methods We performed a prospective study of 22,514 participants from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. We defined metabolic unhealthy status as having 3+ of the following: 1) elevated fasting glucose, 2) high triglycerides, 3) dyslipidemia, 4) hypertension, and 5) elevated waist circumference. We categorized participants into normal weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) groups. We performed Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer mortality during follow-up. Results Among participants with normal weight, those who were metabolically unhealthy had increased risk of cancer mortality (HR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.15 – 2.16) compared with metabolically healthy participants. Overall mortality risk for participants who were metabolically unhealthy and normal-weight was stronger for obesity-related cancers (HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.13 – 4.73). Compared with participants with normal weight, those who were metabolically healthy overweight were at reduced risk of any cancer mortality (adjusted HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63-0.98). Conclusion There was an increased risk of overall- and obesity-related- cancer mortality among metabolically unhealthy normal weight participants.
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- 2017
17. Alzheimer's & Dementia
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JUDD, Suzanne E., BERR, Claudine, HELMER, Catherine, FÉART, Catherine, TZOURIO, Christophe, LEFEVRE-ARBOGAST, Sophie, SAMIERI, Cecilia, Bordeaux population health (BPH), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
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[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,HEALTHY ,LEHA - Published
- 2018
18. PCSK9 Loss-of-Function Variants, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: Data from Nine Studies of African Americans and Whites
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Kent, Shia T., Rosenson, Robert S., Avery, Christy L., Chen, Yii-Der I., Correa, Adolfo, Cummings, Steven R., Cupples, L. Adrienne, Cushman, Mary, Evans, Daniel S., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harris, Tamara B., Howard, George, Irvin, Marguerite R., Judd, Suzanne E., Jukema, J. Wouter, Lange, Leslie, Levitan, Emily B., Li, Xiaohui, Liu, Yongmei, Post, Wendy S., Postmus, Iris, Psaty, Bruce M., Rotter, Jerome I., Safford, Monika M., Sitlani, Colleen M., Smith, Albert V., Stewart, James D., Trompet, Stella, Sun, Fangui, Vasan, Ramachandran S., Woolley, J. Michael, Whitsel, Eric A., Wiggins, Kerri L., Wilson, James G., and Muntner, Paul
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Article - Published
- 2017
19. Self-Reported Stroke Risk Stratification: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
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Howard, George, McClure, Leslie A., Moy, Claudia S., Howard, Virginia J., Judd, Suzanne E., Yuan, Ya, Long, D. Leann, Muntner, Paul, Safford, Monika M., and Kleindorfer, Dawn O.
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Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Racial Groups ,Black People ,Middle Aged ,Risk Assessment ,Article ,United States ,White People ,Cohort Studies ,Stroke ,Random Allocation ,Humans ,Female ,Self Report ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The standard for stroke risk stratification is the Framingham Stroke Risk Function (FSRF), an equation requiring an examination for blood pressure assessment, venipuncture for glucose assessment, and ECG to determine atrial fibrillation and heart disease. We assess a self-reported stroke risk function (SRSRF) to stratify stroke risk in comparison to the FSRF.Participants from the REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) were evaluated at baseline and followed for incident stroke. The FSRF was calculated using directly assessed stroke risk factors. The SRSRF was calculated from 13 self-reported questions to exclude those with prevalent stroke and assess stroke risk. Proportional hazards analysis was used to assess incident stroke risk using the FSRF and SRSRF.Over an average 8.2-year follow-up, 939 of 23 983 participants had a stroke. The FSRF and SRSRF produced highly correlated risk scores (A simple self-reported questionnaire can be used to identify those at high risk for stroke better than the gold standard FSRF. This instrument can be used clinically to easily identify individuals at high risk for stroke and also scientifically to identify a subpopulation enriched for stroke risk.
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- 2017
20. Flavanone Intake Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Incident Ischemic Stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study1234
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Goetz, Margarethe E, Judd, Suzanne E, Hartman, Terryl J, McClellan, William, Anderson, Aaron, and Vaccarino, Viola
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Adult ,Nutrition and Disease ,fungi ,Racial Groups ,food and beverages ,Feeding Behavior ,Middle Aged ,Diet ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,Cohort Studies ,Stroke ,Food ,Risk Factors ,Population Surveillance ,Flavanones ,Humans ,heterocyclic compounds ,cardiovascular diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Food Analysis - Abstract
Flavonoids may have beneficial cerebrovascular effects, but evidence from racially and geographically representative cohorts in comprehensive flavonoid databases is lacking. Given racial and geographic disparities in stroke incidence, representative cohort studies are needed.We evaluated the association between flavonoid intake and incident ischemic stroke in a biracial, national cohort using updated flavonoid composition tables and assessed differences in flavonoid intake by sex, race, and region of residence.We evaluated 20,024 participants in the REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study, a biracial prospective study. Participants with stroke history or missing dietary data were excluded. Flavonoid intake was estimated by using a Block98 food frequency questionnaire and the USDA's Provisional Flavonoid Addendum and Proanthocyanidin Database. Associations between quintiles of flavonoid intake and incident ischemic stroke were evaluated by using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for confounders.Over 6.5 y, 524 acute ischemic strokes occurred. Flavanone intake was lower in the Southeastern United States but higher in blacks than in whites. After multivariable adjustment, flavanone intake was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.95; P-trend = 0.03). Consumption of citrus fruits and juices was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02). Total flavonoids and other flavonoid subclasses were not associated with incident ischemic stroke. There was no statistical interaction with sex, race, or region for any flavonoid measure.Greater consumption of flavanones, but not total or other flavonoid subclasses, was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke. Associations did not differ by sex, race, or region for the association; however, regional differences in flavanone intake may contribute to regional disparities in ischemic stroke incidence. Higher flavanone intake in blacks suggests that flavanone intake is not implicated in racial disparities in ischemic stroke incidence.
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- 2016
21. Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics--2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
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Writing Group Members, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, Das, Sandeep R, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Isasi, Carmen R, Jiménez, Monik C, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Rosamond, Wayne, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
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Research Report ,Data Interpretation ,Heart Diseases ,Health Behavior ,Clinical Sciences ,American Heart Association ,Statistical ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,stroke ,United States ,cardiovascular diseases ,AHA Scientific Statements ,Stroke Statistics Subcommittee ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,statistics ,Public Health and Health Services ,Writing Group Members ,Humans ,risk factors ,epidemiology ,American Heart Association Statistics Committee - Published
- 2016
22. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
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Writing Group Members, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, Das, Sandeep R, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Isasi, Carmen R, Jiménez, Monik C, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Rosamond, Wayne, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
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Research Report ,Data Interpretation ,Heart Diseases ,Clinical Sciences ,American Heart Association ,Statistical ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,stroke ,United States ,cardiovascular diseases ,AHA Scientific Statements ,Stroke Statistics Subcommittee ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,statistics ,Public Health and Health Services ,Writing Group Members ,Humans ,risk factors ,epidemiology ,American Heart Association Statistics Committee ,Life Style - Published
- 2016
23. Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2015 Update A Report From the American Heart Association
- Author
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Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, de Ferranti, Sarah, Despres, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, III, Mohler Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Willey, Joshua Z, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, Comm, Amer Heart Assoc Stat, and Subcomm, Stroke Stat
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Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology - Published
- 2015
24. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association
- Author
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Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Willey, Joshua Z, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
- Subjects
Research Report ,Heart Diseases ,Clinical Sciences ,American Heart Association ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,stroke ,United States ,cardiovascular diseases ,AHA Scientific Statements ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee ,statistics ,Public Health and Health Services ,Humans ,risk factors ,epidemiology ,Risk Reduction Behavior - Published
- 2015
25. Intake of trans fat and incidence of stroke in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort1234
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Kiage, James N, Merrill, Peter D, Judd, Suzanne E, He, Ka, Lipworth, Loren, Cushman, Mary, Howard, Virginia J, and Kabagambe, Edmond K
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Male ,Incidence ,Middle Aged ,Trans Fatty Acids ,United States ,Diet ,Stroke ,Nutrition Assessment ,Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies ,Proportional Hazards Models - Abstract
Whether elevated intakes of trans fatty acids (TFAs) increase the risk of stroke remains unclear. Except for the Women's Health Initiative-Observational Study, most studies that directly assessed the association between TFA intake and stroke yielded null results.The aim of this study was to investigate the association between TFA intake and stroke incidence.We prospectively investigated the association between TFA intake and stroke incidence in black and white men and women (n = 17,107) from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Participants were recruited between 2003 and 2007 from the continental United States and followed for incident stroke. Diet was assessed by using the Block 1998 food-frequency questionnaire. Cox regression was used to test whether energy-adjusted TFA intake in 1-SD increments was associated with incident stroke.During a median follow-up of 7 y, 479 strokes were identified, including 401 ischemic strokes. Sex modified the association between TFA intake and stroke (P-interaction = 0.06), and thus the results were stratified by sex. In fully adjusted models, a 1-SD (2-g/d) increase in TFA intake was associated with an increased risk of any stroke in men (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.28) but not in women (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.11). Similarly, our results showed an increased risk of ischemic stroke in men (HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.28) but not in women (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.77, 1.12).We show that sex modifies the association between TFA intake and stroke; for every 2-g/d increase in TFA intake, there was a 14% increase in the risk of stroke in men but not in women. Our findings provide further evidence to support the concerted effort to minimize TFAs in the diet.
- Published
- 2014
26. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association
- Author
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Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Blaha, Michael J, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Pandey, Dilip K, Paynter, Nina P, Reeves, Matthew J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
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Research Report ,Heart Diseases ,Clinical Sciences ,Cardiology ,American Heart Association ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,stroke ,United States ,cardiovascular diseases ,AHA Scientific Statements ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee ,Risk Factors ,statistics ,Prevalence ,Public Health and Health Services ,Humans ,epidemiology - Abstract
Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a critical resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best available national data on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, use of medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document. Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions. In 2012 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈3500 times (data from Google Scholar). In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled. For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year. This year's edition includes a new chapter on peripheral artery disease, as well as new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals. Below are a few highlights from this year's Update. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.
- Published
- 2014
27. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association
- Author
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Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Blaha, Michael J, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Pandey, Dilip K, Paynter, Nina P, Reeves, Matthew J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
- Subjects
Heart Diseases ,Clinical Sciences ,Cardiology ,American Heart Association ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,stroke ,United States ,cardiovascular diseases ,AHA Scientific Statements ,Cardiovascular System & Hematology ,American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee ,statistics ,Public Health and Health Services ,Humans ,risk factors ,epidemiology - Abstract
Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a critical resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best available national data on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, use of medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document. Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions. In 2012 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈3500 times (data from Google Scholar). In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled. For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year. This year's edition includes a new chapter on peripheral artery disease, as well as new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals. Below are a few highlights from this year's Update. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.
- Published
- 2014
28. Behavioral Mechanisms, Elevated Depressive Symptoms, and the Risk for Myocardial Infarction or Death in Individuals with Coronary Heart Disease (A Reason for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke [REGARDS] Study)
- Author
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Ye, Siqin, Muntner, Paul, Shimbo, Daichi, Judd, Suzanne E, Richman, Joshua, Davidson, Karina W, and Safford, Monika M
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Male ,Alcohol Drinking ,Depression ,Smoking ,Myocardial Infarction ,Humans ,Coronary Disease ,Female ,Motor Activity ,Article ,Medication Adherence - Published
- 2013
29. Healthy behaviors, risk factor control and awareness of chronic kidney disease
- Author
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Tuot, Delphine S, Plantinga, Laura C, Judd, Suzanne E, Muntner, Paul, Hsu, Chi-Yuan, Warnock, David G, Gutiérrez, Orlando M, Safford, Monika, Powe, Neil R, McClellan, William M, and REGARDS Investigators
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,and promotion of well-being ,Kidney Disease ,Health Behavior ,Clinical Sciences ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Renal and urogenital ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ,Blood Pressure ,Motor Activity ,Cardiovascular ,Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ,Clinical Research ,Chronic kidney disease ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Confidence Intervals ,Odds Ratio ,80 and over ,Self-management ,Humans ,Renal Insufficiency ,REGARDS Investigators ,Chronic ,Aged ,Practice ,Health Knowledge ,Prevention ,Smoking ,Middle Aged ,Awareness ,Urology & Nephrology ,Prevention of disease and conditions ,Logistic Models ,Good Health and Well Being ,Attitudes ,Behaviors ,Hypertension ,3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing ,Female ,Non-Steroidal ,Risk Reduction Behavior - Abstract
Background/aimsThe association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) awareness and healthy behaviors is unknown. We examined whether CKD self-recognition is associated with healthy behaviors and achieving risk-reduction targets known to decrease risk of cardiovascular morbidity and CKD progression.MethodsCKD awareness, defined as a 'yes' response to 'Has a doctor or other health professional ever told you that you had kidney disease?', was examined among adults with CKD (eGFR
- Published
- 2013
30. Association of dietary sodium and potassium intakes with albuminuria in normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study1234
- Author
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Aaron, Kristal J, Campbell, Ruth C, Judd, Suzanne E, Sanders, Paul W, and Muntner, Paul
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Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,urogenital system ,Potassium, Dietary ,Sodium, Dietary ,Middle Aged ,Overweight ,Southeastern United States ,Body Mass Index ,Cohort Studies ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Prevalence ,Albuminuria ,Humans ,Female ,Obesity ,Renal Insufficiency ,Potassium Deficiency ,Aged - Abstract
Among obese adults, sodium intake has been associated with cardiovascular disease. Few data are available on sodium intake and albuminuria, a marker of kidney damage and risk factor for cardiovascular disease.We examined the relation between dietary sodium and potassium intakes and the ratio of sodium to potassium (Na/K) with albuminuria by BMI in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study (n = 30,239 adults aged ≥45 y).A modified Block 98 food-frequency questionnaire was used for dietary assessment in 21,636 participants, and nutritional variables were categorized by sex-specific quintiles. Normal weight, overweight, and obese were defined as BMI (in kg/m(2)) categories of 18.5-24.9, 25-29.9, and ≥30, respectively. Albuminuria was defined as a ratio (mg/g) of urinary albumin to creatinine of ≥30.The prevalences of albuminuria were 11.5%, 11.6%, and 16.0% in normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for albuminuria in a comparison of the highest with the lowest quintile of Na/K intake (≥1.12 to0.70 for men and ≥1.07 to0.62 for women) were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.65, 1.22), 1.08 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.36), and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.61) in normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants, respectively. The highest quintile of dietary sodium was associated with an increased OR for albuminuria in obese participants (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.07) but not in normal-weight or overweight participants. Dietary potassium was not associated with albuminuria.In obese adults, higher dietary Na/K and sodium intakes were associated with albuminuria.
- Published
- 2011
31. Behavioral Mechanisms, Elevated Depressive Symptoms, and the Risk for Myocardial Infarction or Death in Individuals With Coronary Heart Disease The REGARDS (Reason for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) Study
- Author
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Ye, Siqin, Muntner, Paul, Shimbo, Daichi, Judd, Suzanne E., Richman, Joshua, Davidson, Karina W., and Safford, Monika M.
- Subjects
myocardial infarction ,physical exercise ,death ,depression ,smoking - Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether behavioral mechanisms explain the association between depressive symptoms and myocardial infarction (MI) or death in individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD).BackgroundDepressive symptoms are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in individuals with CHD, but it is unclear how much behavioral mechanisms contribute to this association.MethodsThe study included 4,676 participants with a history of CHD. Elevated depressive symptoms were defined as scores ≥4 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 4-item Scale. The primary outcome was definite/probable MI or death from any cause. Incremental proportional hazards models were constructed by adding demographic data, comorbidities, and medications and then 4 behavioral mechanisms (alcohol use, smoking, physical inactivity, and medication non-adherence).ResultsAt baseline, 638 (13.6%) participants had elevated depressive symptoms. Over a median 3.8 years of follow up, 125 of 638 (19.6%) participants with and 657 of 4,038 (16.3%) without elevated depressive symptoms had events. Higher risk of MI or death was observed for elevated depressive symptoms after adjusting for demographic data (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15 to 1.72) but was no longer significant after adjusting for behavioral mechanisms (HR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.40). The 4 behavioral mechanisms together significantly attenuated the risk for MI or death conveyed by elevated depressive symptoms (−36.9%, 95% CI: −18.9 to −119.1%), with smoking (−17.6%, 95% CI: −6.5% to −56.0%) and physical inactivity (−21.0%, 95% CI: −9.7% to −61.1%) having the biggest explanatory roles.ConclusionsOur findings suggest potential roles for behavioral interventions targeting smoking and physical inactivity in patients with CHD and comorbid depression.
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32. The Role of Neighborhood Deprivation in Stroke Risk in Two Countries: France and the United States
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Judd, Suzanne E., Howard, George, Howard, Virginia J., Soliman, Elsayed Z., Clarke, Philippa J., Colabianchi, Natalie, Letellier, Noemie, Helmer, Catherine, Feart, Catherine, Tzourio, Christophe, Berr, Claudine, Lefevre, Sophie, Lackland, Daniel T., and Cecilia Samieri
33. Association between television viewing time and risk of incident stroke in a general population: Results from the REGARDS study
- Author
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Michelle N. McDonnell, Steven P. Hooker, Suzanne E. Judd, Virginia J. Howard, Susan Hillier, Ya Yuan, McDonnell, Michelle N, Hillier, Susan L, Judd, Suzanne E, Yuan, Ya, Hooker, Steven P, and Howard, Virginia J
- Subjects
Male ,Gerontology ,Television viewing ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Epidemiology ,Population ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,sedentary llfestyle ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,risk factors ,prevention and control ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,education ,Association (psychology) ,Stroke ,Aged ,Sedentary lifestyle ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Sedentary behavior ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,stroke ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Television ,Sedentary Behavior ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between TV/video viewing, as a measure of sedentary behavior, and risk of incident stroke in a large prospective cohort of men and women. Methods: This analysis involved 22,257 participants from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study who reported at baseline the amount of time spent watching TV/video daily. Suspected stroke events were identified at six-monthly telephone calls and were physician-adjudicated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine risk of stroke at follow-up. Results: During 7.1 years of follow-up, 727 incident strokes occurred. After adjusting for demographic factors, watching TV/video ≥. 4 h/day (30% of the sample) was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.37 increased risk of all stroke (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10-1.71) and incident ischemic stroke (hazard ratio 1.35, CI 1.06-1.72). This association was attenuated by socioeconomic factors such as employment status, education and income. Conclusions: These results suggest that while TV/video viewing is associated with increased stroke risk, the effect of TV/video viewing on stroke risk may be explained through other risk factors. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
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- 2016
34. Self-reported pre-stroke physical activity levels influence functional ability following incident stroke
- Author
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McDonnell, Michelle N, Hillier, Susan L, Roth, David L, Judd, Suzanne E, Haley, William E, Esterman, Adrian J, Wadley, Virginia G, and Howard, Virginia J
- Subjects
cardiovascular diseases - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Emerging evidence suggests that stroke recovery is influenced by pre-stroke physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to examine whether prospectively collected pre-stroke PA levels were associated with functioning one year post-stroke in survivors of a first stroke. Methods: PA was assessed during baseline interviews of participants in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) observational study. Participants who experienced a first-ever stroke event during follow up were enrolled in an ancillary study. Approximately 12 months following stroke incidence, survivors and their informants were interviewed by telephone, and an in-home assessment of functional ability was conducted (n = 203). The association between pre-stroke PA and post-stroke function was assessed. Results: Participants reported baseline PA as either no vigorous PA (n = 65), or PA once or more per week (n = 138). Individuals who exercised at least once per week had significantly greater function at one year following stroke as assessed with the NIHSS, the Barthel Index and the Stroke Impact Scale physical domain score. In the multivariate model, race, education, sex, age, length of hospital stay and discharge destination were associated with functioning and attenuated this relationship. However, the significant association between pre-stroke PA and the NIHSS remained (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Self-reported PA prior to stroke was associated with significantly lower NIHSS scores one year after stroke. Other physical function measures were attenuated by factors such as female sex and African American race which were strongly related to poorer function. usc
- Published
- 2015
35. Physical activity frequency and risk of incident stroke in a National US study of blacks and whites
- Author
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Michelle N. McDonnell, Susan Hillier, Steven P. Hooker, Virginia J. Howard, Anh Le, Suzanne E. Judd, McDonnell, Michelle N, Hillier, Susan L, Hooker, Steven P, Le, Ahn, Judd, Suzanne E, and Howard, Virginia J
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Physical activity ,Black People ,Motor Activity ,Article ,White People ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Medicine ,Stroke ,Aged ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,exercise ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Hazard ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,stroke ,United States ,Confidence interval ,Ischemic Attack, Transient ,Stroke prevention ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Racial differences ,Self Report ,Neurology (clinical) ,stroke prevention ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,Demography - Abstract
Background and Purpose— Regular physical activity (PA) is an important recommendation for stroke prevention. We compared the associations of self-reported PA with incident stroke in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Methods— REGARDS recruited 30 239 US blacks (42%) and whites, aged ≥45 years with follow-up every 6 months for stroke events. Excluding those with prior stroke, analysis involved 27 348 participants who reported their frequency of moderate to vigorous intensity PA at baseline according to 3 categories: none (physical inactivity), 1 to 3×, and ≥4× per week. Stroke and transient ischemic attack cases were identified during an average of 5.7 years of follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to examine whether self-reported PA was associated with risk of incident stroke. Results— Physical inactivity was reported by 33% of participants and was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.20 (95% confidence intervals, 1.02–1.42; P =0.035). Adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors did not affect hazard ratio, but further adjustment for traditional stroke risk factors (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, body mass index, alcohol use, and smoking) partially attenuated this risk (hazard ratio, 1.14 [0.95–1.37]; P =0.17). There was no significant association between PA frequency and risk of stroke by sex groups, although there was a trend toward increased risk for men reporting PA 0 to 3× a week compared with ≥4× a week. Conclusions— Self-reported low PA frequency is associated with increased risk of incident stroke. Any effect of PA is likely to be mediated through reducing traditional risk factors.
- Published
- 2013
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