1. LLIN evaluation in Uganda project (LLINEUP): The fabric integrity, chemical content and bioefficacy of long-lasting insecticidal nets treated with and without piperonyl butoxide across two years of operational use in Uganda
- Author
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Frank Mechan, Agaba Katureebe, Violet Tuhaise, Martin Mugote, Ambrose Oruni, Ismail Onyige, Kawesa Bumali, Jonathan Thornton, Kilama Maxwell, Mary Kyohere, Moses R. Kamya, Peter Mutungi, Simon P. Kigozi, Adoke Yeka, Jimmy Opigo, Catherine Maiteki-Sebuguzi, Samuel Gonahasa, Janet Hemingway, Grant Dorsey, Lisa J. Reimer, Sarah G. Staedke, Martin J. Donnelly, and Amy Lynd
- Subjects
qx_650 ,qx_600 ,wa_240 ,Ocean Engineering ,wa_110 ,wa_20_5 - Abstract
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) supplemented with the synergist piperonyl butoxide have been developed in response to growing pyrethroid resistance; however, their durability in the field remains poorly described. A pragmatic cluster-randomised trial was embedded into Uganda's 2017-2018 LLIN distribution to compare the durability of LLINs with and without PBO. A total of 104 clusters (health sub-districts) were included with each receiving one of four LLIN products, two with pyrethroid + PBO (Olyset Plus and PermaNet 3.0) and two pyrethroid-only (Olyset Net and PermaNet 2.0). Nets were sampled at baseline, 12 and 25 months post-distribution to assess physical condition, chemical content, and bioefficacy. Physical condition was quantified using proportionate Hole Index and chemical content measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Bioefficacy was assessed with three-minute World Health Organisation (WHO) Cone and Wireball assays using pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae, with 1-h knockdown and 24-h mortality recorded. There was no difference in physical durability between LLIN products assessed (P = 0.644). The pyrethroid content of all products remained relatively stable across time-points but PBO content declined by 55% (P
- Published
- 2022