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Contains data and R codes for revealingdynamic changes and potential mechanisms of microbial residues during plantation development.

Sangjit is a one of the ceremony series that Tionghoa ethnic do before wedding process. This tradition is hereditary since the past up to these recent days. Chine ethnic has many steps before they do the wedding ceremony, one of them is sangjit. This analysis is using the theory from Danesi and Perron (1999) about cultural marks, known as three-dimensional analysis which includes temporal, notational, and structural analysis. The data in this research use primary data as the data source with descriptive-qualitative method. The researchers take the object from photos of Sangjit Wedding Ceremony in Bangka Belitung which taken directly. The result of this research is found that annotative in the notational dimension, analogical in structural dimension and dynamic in the temporal dimension. Keywords: Sanjit ceremony, Semiotics, Tionghoa, Bangka-Belitung

Borehole magnetic prospecting measures the three components of the magnetic field and is sensitive to the vertical depth of the magnetic source, which plays an important role in deep mineral exploration. Magnetic field transformations in the frequency domain constitute common and important processing for ground and airborne data but are rarely applied to borehole magnetic data. Here, we deduce component transformation and magnetization-direction transformation formulas for borehole data. It is found that the transformation factors differ from those of ground and airborne data. The new formulas depend on the position of the drillholes. The transformed data are then used to estimate the total magnetization direction by computing the correlation coefficient between the transformed components and the amplitude anomaly. The advantages of this method are that the borehole data yield a local and accurate magnetization direction and the total amplitude anomaly is computed directly from the individual anomalies in the observed components. The frequency-domain transformation is tested on the synthetic data, and the estimated directions are consistent with the true values. The processing procedure is applied to borehole data collected at the Mengku iron-ore deposit in Northwest China, where magnetic surveys from 55 boreholes have been acquired. The estimated magnetization directions yield good approximations of the results from the ground magnetic data and the physical property measurements of rock samples.

Purpose. To establish an effective and accurate prognostic nomogram for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Patients and Methods. 62,355 LUAD patients from 1975 to 2016 enrolled in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were randomly and equally divided into the training cohort (n = 31,179) and the validation cohort (n = 31,176). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses screened the predictive effects of each variable on survival. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to examine and validate the predictive accuracy of the nomogram. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to estimate overall survival (OS). Results. 10 prognostic factors associated with OS were identified, including age, sex, race, marital status, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM stage, tumor size, grade, and primary site. A nomogram was established based on these results. C-indexes of the nomogram model reached 0.777 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.773 to 0.781) and 0.779 (95% CI, 0.775 to 0.783) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves were well-fitted for both cohorts. The AUC for the 3- and 5-year OS presented great prognostic accuracy in the training cohort (AUC = 0.832 and 0.827, respectively) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.835 and 0.828, respectively). The Kaplan–Meier curves presented significant differences in OS among the groups. Conclusion. The nomogram allows accurate and comprehensive prognostic prediction for patients with LUAD.

Bioaugmentation is an effective strategy used to speed up the bioremediation of marine oil spills. In the present study, a highly efficient petroleum degrading bacterium (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZS1) was applied to the bioremediation of simulated crude oil pollution in different sampling sites in the South China Sea. The metabolic pathways of ZS1 to degrade crude oil, the temporal dynamics of the microbial community response to crude oil contamination, and the biofortification process were investigated. The results showed that the abundance and diversity of the microbial community decreased sharply after the occurrence of crude oil contamination. The best degradation rate of crude oil, which was achieved in the samples from the sampling site N3 after the addition of ZS1 bacteria, was 50.94% at 50 days. C13 alkanes were totally oxidized by ZS1 in the 50 days. The degradation rate of solid n-alkanes (C18–C20) was about 70%. Based on the whole genome sequencing and the metabolites analysis of ZS1, we found that ZS1 degraded n-alkanes through the terminal oxidation pathway and aromatic compounds through the catechol pathway. This study provides data support for further research on biodegradation pathways of crude oil and contributes to the subsequent development of more reasonable bioremediation strategies.

Grain crushing underpins key mechanical behaviours of granular materials. A variety of factors, including grading, particle shapes and loading conditions, have been recognised to affect the crushability of grains and the overall behaviour of a granular material. Among them, the role of intermediate principal stress in a general stress condition on the shear behaviour of crushable granular sand remains less understood, owing to the scarcity of experimental data and analytical tools available. In this paper, a multi-scale computational approach is employed to investigate the shear behaviour of crushable granular sand under general stress conditions with varying intermediate principal stresses and confining pressures. The computational approach features multi-scale coupling between non-smooth contact dynamics and peridynamics, and offers a rigorous way to consider the intertwined evolution of particle size and shape during the process of grain crushing. The numerical study helps to quantify comprehensively and analyse the grain crushing-induced changes of macro- and micro-scale material behaviours including strength, deformability, particle size and shape evolution, particle-scale forces and contact conditions, and the development of anisotropy. The competition between a void-filling mechanism due to grain size change and enhanced friction and interlocking due to grain shape change in dictating the deformation of crushable sand is further discussed. The findings offer insights into the complex behaviours of crushable granular materials under general stress conditions and facilitate future development of physics-based constitutive theories on crushable sand.

Metabolic and hemodynamic alterations in metabolic syndrome (MetS) can cause a reduced myocardial energetic efficiency (MEE). Indexed MEE (MEEi), as a simple estimate of MEE, is emerging as a novel and useful imaging parameter.To investigate the impact of MetS on MEE and systolic myocardial strain and to assess any sex difference.Retrospective.A total of 161 patients with MetS (female: n = 82, 52.2 ± 11.7 years; male: n = 79, 51.8 ± 10.6 years) and 77 healthy subjects (female: n = 46, 52.7 ± 8.2 years; male: n = 31, 54.1 ± 11.2 years). Patients with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction50% were excluded.A 3.0 T; balanced steady-state free precession sequence.LV volumes and mass (LVM) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were obtained by MRI. Stroke volume (SV) divided by HR was used as a surrogate measure of MEE and normalized to LVM (MEEi).Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test; Multivariable linear regression (coefficient of determination, RFor both males and females, MEEi and GLS were lower in MetS patients than in the normal controls. Among MetS patients, men had significantly higher LVM (59.7 ± 13.4 g/mMEEi was significantly impaired in MetS without overt systolic dysfunction. There was a sex difference regarding the cardiac alterations in MetS, with men having significantly lower MEEi and GLS and significantly higher LVM than women. Further, MEEi was independently associated with GLS.3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3.

The objective of this retrospective study was to establish the effect of the preoperative body mass index (BMI) on early outcomes of recipients after a kidney transplant, including liver and kidney function and fasting blood glucose recovery.Our analytical cohort were patients who had undergone a kidney transplant at The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC [2016-2019]. The BMI classifications were underweight (18.5 kg/mWe enrolled 831 recipients in the study. The percentage of patients with normal serum creatinine and normal urea nitrogen in the BMI ≥24 group was lower at different periods after surgery (P0.05). The percentage of patients with normal uric acid in the normal weight group was higher on day 1 and the first week after surgery (P0.001). In the first and second weeks postsurgery, the percentage of patients with aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransaminase in the BMI ≥24 group was lower (P.005). In the first week postsurgery, the percentage of patients with normal albumin/globulin in the normal weight group was higher (P.05). No statistically significant difference among the 3 groups was found in the incidence of hyperglycemia (P.05).The patients who were overweight or obese preoperatively had poorer renal and liver functions postoperatively. Targeted interventions to control or mitigate rates of overweight or obesity preoperatively should be identified.

A large number of people suffer from tissue injury and defect worldwide, which constitutes a critical challenge for regenerative medicine. During the complicated process of tissue repair and regeneration, immune response that involves many kinds of immune cells often concurrently exists and plays a significant role, thus providing a promising target for the development of therapeutic strategies. As a critical player in cell-cell communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a cluster of nano-sized vesicles of different categories, which have been reported to possess favorable immunoregulatory potential, and participate in the process of tissue repair and regeneration. Furthermore, EVs can be engineered with genetic or chemical strategies for optimized performance as therapeutic mediators. Here, we provide an outline on the biology of EVs as well as the role of EVs in immune regulation, focusing on exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic vesicles. We further summarize the applications of EV-based therapies for tissue regeneration, with particular emphasis on the modulation of immune system. Also, we have discussed the construction strategies of engineered EVs and the immunomodulatory capability of engineered EVs as well as their therapeutic potential in tissue repair. This review will highlight the outstanding potential of EV-based therapeutic strategies for tissue repair and regeneration. Impact statement Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to possess potent immunomodulatory abilities and thus hold great therapeutic potential for regenerative medicine via immune modulation. Also, the development of engineering technology has provided a feasible tool for optimizing the performance of natural EVs. We hereby outline the current knowledge regarding the features of EVs and the construction strategies of engineered EVs as well as the immunomodulation effects of natural and engineered EVs. We also highlight the applications of EV-based therapies for tissue regeneration, with particular emphasis on the modulation of immune system.

Parathyroidectomy (PTX) is a treatment for hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and has uncertain risks and benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PTX versus nonoperative treatment among nondiabetic hemodialysis patients.A retrospective matched cohort study was performed. Each PTX patient was matched with one patient who had severe HPT but rejected PTX. The patients were matched by sex, birth date, date of first dialysis, nondiabetic status, and left ventricular ejection fraction. The serum markers, survival, main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) rates, and hospitalization were compared between the PTX patients and matched non-PTX patients.There were 1143 patients at our center in the Chinese National Renal Data System (CNRDS) between 2010 and 2020. Of these, 75 PTX patients were matched with 75 non-PTX patients. Rapid decreases in the mean intact parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus concentrations, and a gradual increase in hemoglobin concentration were observed in the PTX group. The mortality was 2.9 per 100 patient-years in the PTX group and 10.9 per 100 patient-years in the non-PTX group (Compared with non-PTX patients, PTX was associated with an improvement in the biochemical measures and patient-level outcomes in nondiabetic hemodialysis patients with severe HPT.

The poor cruising range of electric vehicle (EV) is a problem preventing its popularity. To tackle this problem, methods such as battery technology, energy-based motion control technology are developed. This paper proposes a new solution from the perspective of path planning. Such a solution is called 3-D multi-object path planning method (3D-M method), in which both the energy consumption and distance are considered. The 3D-M method mainly realizes multi-object path planning by an energy consumption estimation model (ECEM) and a distance-integrated estimation model (DIEM). The ECEM can estimate the energy consumption between the neighbour position and the destination on the 3-D map, using a novel slope energy model considering energy consumption characteristic of the EV. The DIEM can estimate the integrated distance which includes the corresponding 2-D distance and 3-D distance, respectively. In the planning process, the outputs of ECEM and DIEM are combined to determine the cost of a path. In addition, a chaos-based multi-object optimizer (CBMOO) is used to search the optimal weights for the 3D-M method. The simulation experiments prove that the proposed method can generate an optimal path which saves much energy in comparison with the path provided by the distance-based method.

Electroactive biofilms (EABs) have aroused wide concern in waste treatment due to their unique capability of extracellular electron transfer with solid materials. The combined effect of different operating conditions on the formation, microbial architecture, composition, and metabolic activity of EABs are still unknown. In this study, the impact of three different factors (anode electrode, substrate concentration and resistance) on the acclimation and performance of EABs was investigated. The results showed that the shortest start-up time of 127.3 h and highest power density of 0.84 W m− 2 were obtained with carbon brush as electrode, low concentration of substrate (1.0 g L− 1) and 1000 Ω external resistance (denoted as N1). The EABs under N1 condition also represented strongest redox capacity, the lowest internal resistance, and close arrangement of bacteria. Moreover, the EABs cultured under different conditions both showed similar results, with direct electron transfer (DET) dominated from EABs to anode. Microbial community compositions indicated that EABs under N1 condition with lowest diversity and highest abundance of electroactive bacteria (46.68%). Higher substrate concentration (3.0 g L− 1) promoted the proliferation of some other bacteria without electroactivity, which was adverse to EABs. The metabolic analysis showed the difference of genes related to electron transfer (Cytochromes C and pili) and biofilm formation (xap) of EABs under different conditions, which further demonstrated the higher electroactivity of EABs under N1. These results provided a comprehensive understanding of the effect of different operating conditions on EABs including biofilm formation and electrochemical activity.

IntroductionTriclosan (TCS), a widely prescribed broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, is an endocrine-disrupting chemical. The relationship and biological mechanisms between TCS exposure and breast cancer (BC) are disputed. We aimed to examine the correlation between urinary TCS exposure and BC risk and estimated the mediating effects of oxidative stress and relative telomere length (RTL) in the above association.MethodsThis case-control study included 302 BC patients and 302 healthy individuals in Wuhan, China. We detected urinary TCS, three common oxidative stress biomarkers [8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF2α), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mercapturic acid (HNE-MA)], and RTL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.ResultsSignificant associations were observed between log-transformed urinary concentrations of TCS, 8-OHdG, HNE-MA, 8-isoPGF2α, RTL, and BC risk, with the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) being 1.58 (1.32–1.91), 3.08 (1.55–6.23), 3.39 (2.45–4.77), 3.99 (2.48–6.54), and 1.67 (1.35–2.09), respectively. Continuous TCS exposure was significantly positively correlated with RTL, HNE-MA, and 8-isoPGF2α (all pp = 0.060) after adjusting for covariates. The mediated proportions of 8-isoPGF22α and RTL in the relationship between TCS and BC risk were 12.84% and 8.95%, respectively (all pDiscussionIn conclusion, our study provides epidemiological evidence to confirmed the deleterious effects of TCS on BC and indicated the mediating effect of oxidative stress and RTL on the correlation between TCS and BC risk. Moreover, exploring the contribution of TCS to BC can clarify the biological mechanisms of TCS exposure, provide new clues for the pathogenesis of BC, which is of great significance to improving public health systems.

Background and aimsGiven hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) exhibits unique gut microbiota characteristics and a significant immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Thus, a better understanding of the correlation between gut microbiota and the immunosuppressive response may help predict occurrence and prognosis of HBV-HCC.MethodsHere, in a cohort of ninety adults (healthy control n=30, HBV-cirrhosis n=30, HBV-HCC n=30) with clinical data, fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing, matched peripheral blood immune response with flow cytometry analysis. Correlation between the gut microbiome of significantly different in HBV-HCC patients and clinical parameters as well as the peripheral immune response was assessed.ResultsWe found that community structures and diversity of the gut microbiota in HBV-CLD patients become more unbalanced. Differential microbiota analysis that p:Acidobacteriota, p:Proteobacteria, p:Campilobacterota, f:Streptococcaceae, g:Klebsiella associated with inflammation were enriched. The beneficial bacteria of f:Clostridia UCG−014, f:Oscillospiraceae, f:_Rikenellaceae, g:_Barnesiella, g:Prevotella, g:Agathobacter were decreased. Functional analysis of gut microbiota revealed that lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, butanoate metabolism were significantly elevated in HBV-CLD patients. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that Muribaculaceae, Akkermaniacaeae, [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, RF39, Tannerellaceae have positive correlation with CD3+T, CD4+T and CD8+T cell counts while negatively correlated with liver dysfunction. Furthermore, paired peripheral blood showed a decreased proportion of CD3+T, CD4+T and CD8+T cells, while an increased T (Treg) cells. The immunosuppressive response of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), immune receptor tyrosine based inhibitor motor (ITIM) domain (TIGIT), T-cell immune domain, and multiple domain 3 (TIM-3) of CD8+T cells were higher in HBV-HCC patients. They were positively correlated with harmful bacteria, such as Actinobaciota, Myxococota, Streptococcaceae and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes.ConclusionsOur study indicated that gut beneficial bacteria, mainly Firmicutes and Bacteroides appeared dysbiosis in HBV-CLD patients. They have negative regulation of liver dysfunction and T cell immune response. It provides potential avenues for microbiome-based prevention and intervention for anti-tumor immune effects of HBV-CLD.

BackgroundHepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) has significant morbidity and mortality and is associated with the induction of cytokines/chemokines, which might contribute to the pathogenesis of liver injury. This study aimed to explore the cytokine/chemokine profiles of patients with HBV-ACLF and develop a composite clinical prognostic model.MethodsWe prospectively collected blood samples and the clinical data of 107 patients with HBV-ACLF admitted to the Beijing Ditan Hospital. The concentrations of 40-plex cytokines/chemokines were measured in 86 survivors and 21 non-survivors using the Luminex assay. Discrimination between the cytokine/chemokine profiles in different prognosis groups was analyzed using the multivariate statistical techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). An immune-clinical prognostic model was obtained using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe PCA and PLS-DA indicated that cytokine/chemokine profiling could clearly distinguish patients with different prognoses. A total of 14 cytokines, namely, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL9, CXCL13, CX3CL1, GM-SCF, CCL21, and CCL23, were significantly correlated with disease prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified CXCL2, IL-8, total bilirubin, and age as independent risk factors that constituted the immune-clinical prognostic model, which showed the strongest predictive value of 0.938 compared with those of the Chronic Liver Failure Consortium (CLIF-C) ACLF (0.785), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) (0.669), and MELD-Na (0.723) scores (p ConclusionThe serum cytokine/chemokine profiles correlated with the 90-day prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF. The proposed composite immune-clinical prognostic model resulted in more accurate prognostic estimates than those of the CLIF-C ACLF, MELD, and MELD-Na scores.

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A considerable amount of people succumbs to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) due to its high incidence and mortality. This study attempted to reveal the impacts of GOLM1 on LUAD. This work analyzed GOLM1 expression in LUAD and normal tissue and studied its prognostic value utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RNA and protein levels were, respectively, determined utilizing qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell-aggressive behaviors were assessed employing Cell Counting Kit-8, scratch healing, and Transwell assays. The targetting relationship between GOLM1 and miR-30a-3p was assayed by dual-luciferase method. GOLM1 up-regulation in LUAD was found in TCGA and it was also a negative factor for survival in patients. GOLM1 overexpression promoted cell progression in LUAD. Down-regulated miR-30a-3p in LUAD was an upstream regulatory miRNA of GOLM1 in terms of molecular mechanism. Further, rescue assays illustrated that miR-30a-3p overexpression attenuated the GOLM1 facilitating impacts on LUAD progression. Finally, we proved that miR-30a-3p/GOLM1 regulated progression of LUAD cells via JAK-STAT pathway. Collectively, the inhibitory impacts of miR-30a-3p on LUAD growth may be mediated by GOLM1/JAK-STAT, which may contribute to the diagnosis of LUAD therapy and the development of therapeutic tools.

Nitrogen stripping plays a vital role during the sulfate-rich wastewater treatment process by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). However, the interaction between nitrogen stripping, sulfate reduction capacity, S2– concentration, and microbial community structure is rarely studied. Here, two anaerobic systems were conducted to analyze these interactions simultaneously. Results showed that the toxic products (H2S) were stripped by nitrogen at first. Then, the increased relative abundance of fermentative bacteria accelerated the carbon sources conversion, and Desulfovibrio, Dethiosulfovibrio, and Sulfurospirillum facilitated the sulfate reduction after nitrogen stripping. Finally, the produced S2− concentration was increased by 12%, and the sulfate reduction rate was increased by 9.2% compared to that without nitrogen stripping.

Patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) have an increased risk of adverse outcomes. However, the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the 30-day risk of death in patients with OHE has not been well evaluated.We retrospectively analyzed 1301 patients with OHE at Beijing Ditan Hospital between August 2008 and December 2018. After adjustment for major risk factors, Cox regression analysis and restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the relation between NLR and 30-day mortality. The 30-day survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.All patients were divided into four subgroups on the basis of the quartiles of the baseline NLR distribution (2.5, 2.5-4.3, 4.3-7.5,7.5). The 30-day mortality rates were 7.8%, 12.7%, 19.5% and 34.1%, respectively (P0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile, the increase in the NLR was associated with an increase risk of 30-day mortality after multivariable adjustment (NLR 2.5-4.3: adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-1.95); NLR 4.3-7.5: AHR, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.01-2.47); NLR7.5: AHR, 2.32 (95% CI, 1.50-3.57). A nonlinear association between NLR and the adjusted probability of 30-day mortality was observed. Elevated NLR was correlated with increased 30-day mortality in patients with OHE across different subgroups (HR1.0).An elevated NLR is independently associated with a higher risk of 30-day mortality in patients with OHE.

At present, grinding mode is used for the finishing process of large cylindrical roller bearing flanges. However, because of low efficiency, large consumption of grinding wheel and grinding fluid, high costs, serious pollution of cutting waste fluid, and more importantly, easy to generate grinding burns and cracks defects, grinding machining has become a technical problem that troubles the economic and effective processing of large bearing ring flanges in the bearing industry. Therefore, the research on the hard turning technology for the finishing process of large cylindrical roller bearing flanges is carried out in the paper. The experiment investigations have shown that the finishing quality of large cylindrical roller bearing ring flanges can be better and more economically guaranteed by hard turning process.

Myocardial fibrosis predisposes the development of main adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in various cardiac disorders. Native T1 derived from cardiac magnetic resonance allows the quantitative assessment of myocardial fibrosis without the use of contrast media. However, the prognostic value of native T1 in risk stratification remains uncertain. We searched MEDLINE

Chitosan-based hydrogels have been prepared previously by a two-step protocol in which chitosan was first dissolved in dilute acetic acid and then crosslinked by glutaraldehyde or genipin. This was a time-consuming method, which had the disadvantages of high costs and biological safety problems.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results verified the successful preparation of hydrogels based on high, medium, and low molecular-weight chitosan (HCS, MCS, and LCS), respectively. The hydrogels prepared with HCS, MCS, and LCS were formed through the accumulation of different-sized crystals. The framework density of the hydrogel was enhanced by an increase in the chitosan molecular weight and exhibited a crack pore pattern composed of flake particles. Medium molecular-weight chitosan-based hydrogel exhibited the highest specific surface area and total pore volume, with values of 3.81 mCitric acid was shown to be an effective dissolving and crosslinking agent in the preparation of MCS- and HCS-based hydrogels. The physiochemical properties of the hydrogels were enhanced as the molecular weight of the chitosan increased. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

In the electric vehicle dynamic wireless charging (EVDWC) system, when the electric vehicle (EV) drives from one track to the next, it will produce output power fluctuation. This article proposes a multicoupling LCC-compensated method for EVDWC system based on an integrated magnetic coupler to suppress the power fluctuation. The magnetic coupler includes three couplings. The first coupling is between the main coils. The second coupling is between the adjacent compensation inductor coils integrated into main coils. The third coupling is between the primary compensation inductor coils and the secondary compensation inductor coil. The main coils are unipolar and the compensation inductor coils are in a double D structure. The parameter matching rules and optimized design process considering the additional cross-couplings are given. The main advantage of the proposed method is to realize compensation inductance using coupling coils, thereby adding two cross-couplings, and to suppress output power fluctuation based on system normal operation without adding new components. A prototype is designed and implemented to validate the proposed magnetic coupler and parameter design rules. Experimental results show that the output power fluctuation is within ±4% during dynamic charging at a power level of 12 kW, and the maximum efficiency reaches 92.3%.

Droughts are widespread disasters worldwide and are concurrently influenced by multiple large-scale climate signals. This is particularly true over Japan, where drought has strong heterogeneity due to multiple factors such as monsoon, topography, and ocean circulations. Regional heterogeneity poses challenges for drought prediction and management. To overcome this difficulty, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of teleconnection between climate signals and homogeneous drought zones over Japan. First, droughts are characterized by simulated soil moisture from a land surface model during 1958–2012. The Mclust toolkit, distinct empirical orthogonal function, and wavelet coherence analysis are used, respectively, to investigate the homogeneous drought zone, principal component of each homogeneous zone, and teleconnection between climate signals and drought. Results indicate that nine homogeneous drought zones with different characteristics are defined and quantified. Among these nine zones, zone 1 is dominated by extreme drought events. Zones 2 and 6 are typical representatives of spring droughts, whereas zone 7 is wet for most of the period. The Hokkaido region is divided into wetter zone 4 and drier zone 9. Zones 3, 5, and 8 are distinguished by the topography. The analyses also reveal almost all nine zones have a high level of homogeneity, with more than 60% explained variance. Also, these nine zones are dominated by different large-scale climate signals: the Arctic Oscillation has the strongest impact on zones 1, 7, and 8; the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on zones 3, 4, and 6 is significant; zones 2 and 9 are both dominated by the Pacific decadal oscillation; and El Niño–Southern Oscillation dominates zone 5. The results will be valuable for drought management and drought prevention.

Confining nano-bimetals in porous metal silicate materials could improve the stabiliy and facilitate electron and charge transfer in catalysis, demonstrating great potential to replace noble metal-based catalysts for industrial applications.

Here, we report a series of organic–inorganic hybrid halide materials, with rare and fully reversible thermochromism, narrow bandgaps, and near-infrared luminescence. Thermochromism induced bandgap narrowing provide new insights for the further of organic–inorganic hybrid materials.

Wildfires are widespread disasters and are concurrently influenced by global climatic drivers. Due to the widespread and far-reaching influence of climatic drivers, separate regional wildfires may have similar climatic cause mechanisms. Determining a suite of global climatic drivers that explain most of the variations in different homogeneous wildfire regions will be of great significance for wildfire management, wildfire prediction, and global wildfire climatology. Therefore, this study first identified spatiotemporally homogeneous regions of burned area worldwide during 2001–2019 using a distinct empirical orthogonal function. Eight patterns with different spatiotemporal characteristics were identified. Then, the relationships between major burned area patterns and sixteen global climatic drivers were quantified based on wavelet analysis. The most significant global climatic drivers that strongly impacted each of the eight major wildfire patterns were identified. The most significant combinations of hotspots and climatic drivers were Atlantic multidecadal Oscillation-East Pacific/North Pacific Oscillation (EP/NP)-Pacific North American Pattern (PNA) with the pattern around Ukraine and Kazakhstan, El Niño/Southern Oscillation-Arctic Oscillation (AO)-East Atlantic/Western Russia Pattern (EA/WR) with the pattern in Australia, and PNA-AO-Polar/Eurasia Pattern-EA/WR with the pattern in Brazil. Overall, these results provide a reference for predicting wildfire and understanding wildfire homogeneity.