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The lawn grass Zoysia japonica is widely cultivated for its ornamental and recreational value. However, its green period is subject to shortening, which significantly decreases the economic value of Z. japonica, especially for large cultivations. Leaf senescence is a crucial biological and developmental process that significantly influences the lifespan of plants. Moreover, manipulation of this process can improve the economic value of Z. japonica by extending its greening period. In this study, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis using high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate early senescence responses triggered by age, dark, and salt. Gene set enrichment analysis results indicated that while distinct biological processes were involved in each type of senescence response, common processes were also enriched across all senescence responses. The identification and validation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) via RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR provided up- and down-regulated senescence markers for each senescence and putative senescence regulators that trigger common senescence pathways. Our findings revealed that the NAC, WRKY, bHLH, and ARF transcription factor (TF) groups are major senescence-associated TF families that may be required for the transcriptional regulation of DEGs during leaf senescence. In addition, we experimentally validated the senescence regulatory function of seven TFs including ZjNAP, ZjWRKY75, ZjARF2, ZjNAC1, ZjNAC083, ZjARF1, and ZjPIL5 using a protoplast-based senescence assay. This study provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying Z. japonica leaf senescence and identifies potential genetic resources for enhancing its economic value by prolonging its green period.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (P interaction = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (Pinteraction = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications.

This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of Endoseal TCS, an mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealer, mixed with water-soluble mangostin derivatives (WsMD) of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) ethanol extract against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of Endoseal TCS mixed with WsMD against three strains of E. faecalis and three strains of S. aureus was performed using agar diffusion test. The data showed that Endoseal TCS mixed with 0.115% WsMD had a zone of inhibition of 0.7 ± 0.2–2.4 ± 0.1 mm. The results suggest that Endoseal TCS mixed with WsMD of Garcinia mangostana L. ethanol extract is useful as a root canal sealer with antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and S. aureus .

Jin-Hee Kim,1,* Soon-Seok Hong,1,* Myoungsoo Lee,2 Eun-Hye Lee,1 Inmoo Rhee,1 Sun-Young Chang,2 Soo-Jeong Lim1 1Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; 2Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Sun-Young ChangLaboratory of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of KoreaTel +82 31 219 3454Fax +82 31 219 3435Email sychang@ajou.ac.krSoo-Jeong LimDepartment of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaTel +82 2 3408 3767Fax +82 2 3408 4334Email sjlim@sejong.ac.krBackground: Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and Omega-3 fatty acid (Omega-3) are promising therapeutic molecules for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Purpose: Based on the IBD therapeutic potential of nanoparticles, we herein sought to develop Omega-3-incorporated PC nanoparticles (liposomes) as an orally administrable vehicle for treating IBD.Methods: Liposomes prepared with or without Omega-3 incorporation were compared in terms of colloidal stability and anitiinflammatory effects.Results: The incorporation of free Omega-3 (alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid) into liposomes induced time-dependent membrane fusion, resulting in particle size increase from nm to μm during storage. In contrast, krill oil incorporation into liposomes (KO liposomes) did not induce the fusion and the particle size maintained

급격히 발전하며 변화하는 현대사회에서 커피전문점의 경쟁이 과열양상을 보이는 가운데, 건강을 강조하는 라이프스타일 트렌드가 급증함에 따라 차의 소비가 가파른 성장세를 보이고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 차 선택속성이 지각된 가치를 통해 고객충성도로 발전 될 수 있다는 구조적 관계를 검증하고자 하였다. 실증연구를 수행하기 위해 총 262부의 설문지를 바탕으로 연구모형의 신뢰성, 적합성 등을 검토하였으며, 구조방정식을 사용하여 총 10개의 가설을 검증하였다. 연구결과, 차 품질, 서비스품질, 혜택은 기능적 가치에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 차 품질, 서비스품질, 혜택, 다양성은 감정적 가치에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기능적 가치와 감정적 가치는 고객충성도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 국내 차 시장 활성화와 차 전문점 및 차 음료매장의 서비스 보완 및 활용에 도움을 줄 수 있는 시사점을 제시하였다.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tct-10.1177_15330338211041212 for Clinical Outcome of Salvage Radiotherapy for Locoregional Clinical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy by Sung Uk Lee, Kwan Ho Cho, Jin Ho Kim, Young Seok Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Jae-Sung Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Su Jung Shim, Jin Hee Kim and Ah Ram Chang in Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment

Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1.1 The Uncropped Blot of p-NF-��B (65 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Blue box indicates the cropped region of Fig. 6A. Supplementary Fig. 1.2 The Uncropped Blot of p-NF-��B (65 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Supplementary Fig. 1.3 The Uncropped Blot of NF-��B (65 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Blue box indicates the cropped region of Fig. 6A. Supplementary Fig. 1.4 The Uncropped Blot of NF-��B (65 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Supplementary Fig. 1.5 The Uncropped Blot of ��-actin (42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Blue box indicates the cropped region of Fig. 6A. Supplementary Fig. 1.6 The Uncropped Blot of ��-actin (42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Supplementary Fig. 1.7 The Uncropped Blot of p-ERK1/2 (44/42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Blue box indicates the cropped region of Fig. 6B. Supplementary Fig. 1.8 The Uncropped Blot of p-ERK1/2 (44/42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Supplementary Fig. 1.9 The Uncropped Blot of ERK1/2 (44/42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Blue box indicates the cropped region of Fig. 6B. Supplementary Fig. 1.10 The Uncropped Blot of ERK1/2 (44/42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Supplementary Fig. 1.11 The Uncropped Blot of ��-actin (42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands. Blue box indicates the cropped region of Fig. 6B. Supplementary Fig. 1.12 The Uncropped Blot of ��-actin (42 kDa). The red arrow indicates the location of target bands.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tct-10.1177_15330338211041212 for Clinical Outcome of Salvage Radiotherapy for Locoregional Clinical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy by Sung Uk Lee, Kwan Ho Cho, Jin Ho Kim, Young Seok Kim, Taek-Keun Nam, Jae-Sung Kim, Jaeho Cho, Seo Hee Choi, Su Jung Shim, Jin Hee Kim and Ah Ram Chang in Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment

ObjectivesThe objective of our study was to estimate the rate of workplace outbreak-associated cases of COVID-19 by industry in labour market participants aged 15–69 years who reported working the majority of hours outside the home in Ontario, Canada.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of COVID-19 workplace outbreaks and associated cases reported in Ontario between 1 April 2020 and 31 March 2021. All outbreaks were manually classified into two-digit North American Industry Classification System codes. We obtained monthly denominator estimates from the Statistics Canada Labour Force Survey to estimate the incidence of outbreak-associated cases per 100 000 000 hours among individuals who reported the majority of hours were worked outside the home. We performed this analysis across industries and in three distinct time periods.ResultsOverall, 12% of cases were attributed to workplace outbreaks among working-age adults across our study period. While incidence varied across the time periods, the five industries with the highest incidence rates across our study period were agriculture, healthcare and social assistance, food manufacturing, educational services, and transportation and warehousing.ConclusionsCertain industries have consistently increased the incidence of COVID-19 over the course of the pandemic. These results may assist in ongoing efforts to reduce transmission of COVID-19 by prioritising resources, as well as industry-specific guidance, vaccination and public health messaging.

ObjectiveTo establish validity evidence for the Essentials in Minimally Invasive Gynecology laparoscopic and hysteroscopic simulation systems.MethodsA prospective cohort study was IRB approved and conducted at 15 sites in the United States and Canada. The four participant cohorts based on training status were: 1) novice (postgraduate year [PGY]-1) residents, 2) mid-level (PGY-3) residents, 3) proficient (American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology [ABOG]-certified specialists without subspecialty training); and 4) expert (ABOG-certified obstetrician-gynecologists who had completed a 2-year fellowship in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery). Qualified participants were oriented to both systems, followed by testing with five laparoscopic exercises (L-1, sleeve-peg transfer; L-2, pattern cut; L-3, extracorporeal tie; L-4, intracorporeal tie; L-5, running suture) and two hysteroscopic exercises (H-1, targeting; H-2, polyp removal). Measured outcomes included accuracy and exercise times, including incompletion rates.ResultsOf 227 participants, 77 were novice, 70 were mid-level, 33 were proficient, and 47 were experts. Exercise times, in seconds (±SD), for novice compared with mid-level participants for the seven exercises were as follows, and all were significant (P

Treatment outcomes of patients with salivary duct carcinoma undergoing surgery and postoperative radiotherapy

Background Telomere shortening is related to aging and unfavourable health outcomes. Obesity and metabolic diseases are important factors for accelerating aging. This study aimed to find out the association between obesity, metabolic disease, and telomere length in metabolically healthy adults. Methods 237 adults were enrolled with written consents at a health promotion centre of a tertiary hospital from February 2014 to March 2015. After excluding 99 subjects who met the exclusion criterion, a total of 130 metabolically healthy subjects were selected for final analysis. The subjects were divided into quartile groups according to the telomere lengths of their oral mucosal cells. Results The subjects consisted of 66 (50.8%) males with a mean age of 58.59 years. The body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) increased significantly along with the quartile groups (Q1, 23.00; Q2, 23.96; Q3, 23.70; Q4, 25.20; P-for trend=0.008). Waist circumference (WC, P-for trend=0.022), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, P-for trend=0.005), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR, P=0.001) also increased along with the quartile groups. Obesity prevalence (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), abdominal obesity (WC ≥90 cm for men, ≥85 cm for women), WHR 〉1.0 for men or 〉0.85 for women, and WHtR ≥0.5 increased significantly as the telomere length increased (P-for trend

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Because most medical staff work from Monday–Friday, it is possible that they are relatively more fatigued and less capable of providing emergency supportive services on Thursday–Sunday (Thu–Sun) than on Monday–Wednesday (Mon–Wed). In this study, we aimed to analyze the incidence of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to determine if it differed between Thu–Sun and Mon–Wed. This retrospective observational study of in-hospital CPR was performed during 2012 to 2016 among inpatients at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. The primary outcome was the incidence of in-hospital CPR per 1000 inpatients in the Mon–Wed and Thu–Sun periods. Secondary outcomes included differences in the CPR incidence by time of day and season. In the study, 1195 cases of in-hospital CPR were included. The incidence of in-hospital CPR per 1000 inpatients was significantly higher on Thu–Sun (mean: 0.595, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.564–0.626) than on Mon–Wed (mean: 0.505, 95% CI: 0.474–0.536, P

Pepper is an economically important horticultural plant that has been widely used for its pungency and spicy taste in worldwide cuisines. Therefore, the domestication of pepper has been carried out since antiquity. Owing to meet the growing demand for pepper with high quality, organoleptic property, nutraceutical contents, and disease tolerance, genomics assisted breeding techniques can be incorporated to develop novel pepper varieties with desired traits. The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches has reformed the plant breeding technology especially in the area of molecular marker assisted breeding. The availability of genomic information aids in the deeper understanding of several molecular mechanisms behind the vital physiological processes. In addition, the NGS methods facilitate the genome-wide discovery of DNA based markers linked to key genes involved in important biological phenomenon. Among the molecular markers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) indulges various benefits in comparison with other existing DNA based markers. The present review concentrates on the impact of NGS approaches in the discovery of useful SNP markers associated with pungency and disease resistance in pepper. The information provided in the current endeavor can be utilized for the betterment of pepper breeding in future.