1. The extent and variability of storm‐induced temperature changes in lakes measured with long‐term and high‐frequency data
- Author
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Doubek, Jonathan, Anneville, Orlane, Dur, Gaël, Lewandowska, Aleksandra, Patil, Vijay, Rusak, James, Salmaso, Nico, Seltmann, Christian Torsten, Straile, Dietmar, Urrutia‐Cordero, Pablo, Venail, Patrick, Adrian, Rita, Alfonso, María, DeGasperi, Curtis, Eyto, Elvira, Feuchtmayr, Heidrun, Gaiser, Evelyn, Girdner, Scott, Graham, Jennifer, Grossart, Hans‐Peter, Hejzlar, Josef, Jacquet, Stéphan, Kirillin, Georgiy, Llames, María, Matsuzaki, Shin‐ichiro, Nodine, Emily, Piccolo, Maria Cintia, Pierson, Don, Rimmer, Alon, Rudstam, Lars, Sadro, Steven, Swain, Hilary, Thackeray, Stephen, Thiery, Wim, Verburg, Piet, Zohary, Tamar, Stockwell, Jason, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and University of Shizuoka
- Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences ,Ecology and Environment - Abstract
International audience; The intensity and frequency of storms are projected to increase in many regions of the world because of climate change. Storms can alter environmental conditions in many ecosystems. In lakes and reservoirs, storms can reduce epilimnetic temperatures from wind-induced mixing with colder hypolimnetic waters, direct precipitation to the lake's surface, and watershed runoff. We analyzed 18 long-term and high-frequency lake datasets from 11 countries to assess the magnitude of wind-vs. rainstorm-induced changes in epilimnetic temperature. We found small day-today epilimnetic temperature decreases in response to strong wind and heavy rain during stratified conditions. Day-today epilimnetic temperature decreased, on average, by 0.28 C during the strongest windstorms (storm mean daily wind speed among lakes: 6.7 AE 2.7 m s −1 , 1 SD) and by 0.15 C after the heaviest rainstorms (storm mean daily rainfall: 21.3 AE 9.0 mm). The largest decreases in epilimnetic temperature were observed ≥2 d after sustained strong wind or heavy rain (top 5 th percentile of wind and rain events for each lake) in shallow and medium-depth lakes. The smallest decreases occurred in deep lakes. Epilimnetic temperature change from windstorms, but not rainstorms, was negatively correlated with maximum lake depth. However, even the largest storm-induced mean epilimnetic temperature decreases were typically
- Published
- 2021
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