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Microvillositary inclusion disease also known as microvillositary atrophy is a rare congenital enteropathy containing a border abnormality in the brushes of enterocytes, manifesting as severe rebellious diarrhea in newborns and infants. It was first described in 1978 by Davidson, et al. The autosomal recessive mode of transmission is suggested because of the frequency of familial cases and inbreeding. Histopathology plays an essential role in establishing the diagnosis. In 2008, a common mutation was identified in most of the patients studied in the MYO5B gene that codes for the Myosin Vb protein, which helped in understanding the etiopathogeny of this pathology poorly described in the literature. The prognosis for this pathology is extremely bleak, requiring total parenteral nutrition for child survival. Intestinal transplantation is for the moment the only long-term solution. Materials and methods: We report the case of an infant aged 6 months, with no perinatal antecedent. There is 1st degree consanguinity, the mother has a history of deaths in younger siblings in undetermined circumstances. Who since the age of 3 days presents profuse liquid diarrhoea with malnutrition, dehydration and enormous abdominal distension? Several diagnoses were suspected before the jejune biopsy was carried out, which led to the diagnosis of a microvilliositary inclusion disease. The aim of our work is to highlight the rarest cause of neonatal rebel diarrhoea and to know how to include it among other differential diagnoses.

Resume Introduction Le choristome est une masse d’histologie normale dans une localisation anormale. Le choristome kystique est rarement rapporte dans la region de la tete et du cou. Les masses cervicales kystiques du nouveau-ne evoquent avant tout un lymphangiome kystique. Observation Nous rapportons un cas de choristome congenital cervical kystique mimant cliniquement et radiologiquement un lymphangiome kystique. Discussion Le choristome congenital kystique cervical est une lesion extremement rare rapportee surtout chez le nouveau-ne. Les tissus le constituant sont tres varies. Son diagnostic doit etre evoque a l’imagerie et confirme par l’examen histopathologique. Le traitement est l’exerese chirurgicale complete.

Introduction Choristoma is a mass presenting normal histology, but in an abnormal location. Cystic choristoma is rarely reported in the head and neck region. Neonatal cystic masses in the neck suggest usually correspond to a diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma. Case report We report a case of a congenital cystic choristoma of the neck clinically and radiologically mimicking cystic lymphangioma. Discussion Congenital cystic choristoma is an extremely rare lesion, essentially described in neonates, composed of various types of tissues. The diagnosis of congenital cystic choristoma may be suggested on imaging and must be confirmed by histopathological examination. Treatment consists of complete surgical resection.

Introduction La bilharziose touche plus de 240 millions de personnes a travers le monde, dont 90 % se trouvent en Afrique. Un total de 50 % des femmes infectees dans les zones d’endemie ont une atteinte genitale [1] . La localisation tubaire est rare et ses complications sont multiples. Observation Nous rapportons l’observation d’une schistosomiase tubaire bilaterale chez une femme nullipare de 25 ans consultant a la maternite universitaire Souissi de Rabat, pour une douleur pelvienne associee a une irregularite du cycle menstruel. Cliniquement, une masse pelvienne douloureuse est reperee. A l’imagerie, l’aspect est non specifique. La patiente a beneficie d’une salpingectomie bilaterale avec des suites operatoires simples. A l’examen macroscopique de la piece operatoire, les trompes sont tortueuses avec la presence d’un materiel necrotique friable en surface. L’etude microscopique a permis d’orienter le diagnostic par la mise en evidence d’une salpingite granulomateuse epithelioide et gigantocellulaires ou les cellules geantes renferment des formations calcifiees ayant l’aspect des œufs de bilharzie. Discussion Le developpement des oeufs de bilharzie au sein de la trompe peut etre responsable d’une sterilite ou d’une grossesse extra uterine [2] . Le diagnostic anatomopathologique est fait devant une reaction inflammatoire typiquement granulomateuse riche en cellules geantes multinuclees. Le diagnostic differentiel se pose avec les autres salpingites granulomateuses et notamment la tuberculose, l’oxyurose et la candidose.

L’oesophagite a eosinophiles est une pathologie chronique allergique rare, de description recente. Les premiers cas ont ete publies en 1977. Depuis, l’entite est de plus en plus rapportee dans la litterature medicale.

Pleural fibroma, or fibrous tumor of the pleura, is an uncommon entity which is characterized by slow proliferation of undifferentiated, intermediary or mature fibroblasts associated with collagen fibers forming a tumor stroma. We report a case in a 49-Year-old man who developed exercise-induced dyspnea and right chest pain. The thoracic CT scan revealed the presence of a mass in the right lung base composed of heterogeneous encapsulated tIssue. Tumor resection was performed leading to the histological diagnosis of pleural fibroma. Immunohistochemistry tests revealed positive vimetin and CD34, and negative cytokeratin uptake. These immunohistochemistry data contributed to the differential diagnosis with malignant pleural mesothelium. Pleural fibroma is a benign tumor in 80% of the cases. Prognosis is excellent. Local recurrence is exceptional and generally occurs after incomplete resection. Radial surgical treatment determines the prognosis and is required to prevent local recurrence. Other criteria of malignancy are not correlated with the clinical course of this type of tumor.

Le teratome intrarenal est une tumeur extremement rare. Peu de cas ont ete publies dans la litterature medicale. Dans sa localisation renale, le diagnostic de teratome est rarement evoque en preoperatoire. Ses signes cliniques et radiologiques etant peu specifiques, le diagnostic final est souvent confirme par l’etude anatomopathologique. Nous rapportons le cas d’un teratome kystique de localisation intrarenal chez un nourrisson de cinq mois. Une exerese radicale de sa tumeur intrarenale a ete realisee. Devant la suspicion de tumeur de Wilms renale, une chimiotherapie etait administree en preoperatoire. La chirurgie est le traitement de choix du teratome intrarenal. Il n’est en general pas sensible a la chimiotherapie. Cela est du au caractere mature et bien differencie des tissus tumoraux qui le constituent. Pour le chirurgien et le pathologiste pediatres, ce diagnostic doit toujours etre present a l’esprit devant une masse renale kystique pour eviter une chimiotherapie nocive pour ces jeunes patients.

We report on a rare case of botryoid Wilms tumor extending into the duodenum. This uncommon macroscopic form of nephroblastoma consists entirely of a polypoid renal intrapelvic mass. The main differential diagnosis of this unusual tumor is botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma. A 14-month-old boy presented with a painful abdominal mass. Radiology revealed a large heterogeneous mass in the renal calyx, protruding into the ureter. A right radical nephroureterectomy was carried out. The tumor was found to extend into the 2nd portion of the duodenum. The pathologic diagnosis was mixed type nephroblastoma, SIOP 2001 stage III. The patient was given a course of postoperative chemotherapy. No local recurrence or metastatic spread has been detected after 2 years. Only few such cases have been previously reported, some of them extending into the bladder. To our knowledge, botryoid nephroblastoma has not previously been described as extending into the digestive system.

Le chondrosarcome mesenchymateux extrasquelettique est une tumeur rare des parties molles distincte sur le plan clinique, histologique, immunohistochimique et evolutif. Nous rapportons l’observation d’un homme de 44 ans presentant un nodule cervical asymptomatique depuis plusieurs annees dont la taille aurait augmente il y a deux ans. Une premiere biopsie a ete realisee et a conclu au diagnostic errone de tumeur mixte des glandes salivaires. Une exerese chirurgicale de la lesion etait realisee, suivie par trois recidives locales. Apres la quatrieme recidive, l’examen histopathologique avec etude immunohistochimique permettait de porter le diagnostic de chondrosarcome mesenchymateux extrasquelettique. Une radiotherapie et une chimiotherapie adjuvantes ont ete delivrees. L’evolution etait marquee par la survenue de metastases cutanee et vertebrale.

Resume Introduction Les tumeurs primitives des grosses structures vasculaires (aorte, artere pulmonaire et veine cave inferieure) sont tres rares. Une classification anatomopathologique de ces differentes tumeurs a ete etablie en se fondant sur leur siege de developpement et leur aspect macroscopique. Elle distingue le sarcome intimal a point de depart intimal et les tumeurs intramurales prenant naissance de la media ou de l’adventice et correspondant a des leiomyosarcomes ou des fibrosarcomes. Les sarcomes de la veine cave inferieure sont generalement des leiomyosarcomes. Observation Un sarcome intimal de la veine cave inferieure a ete diagnostique chez une jeune patiente âgee de 17 ans. L’etude microscopique, aidee par l’immunohistochimie, a permis ce diagnostic et l’elimination un leiomyosarcome ou d’un angiosarcome, de meilleur pronostic que celui du sarcome intimal. Discussion Le sarcome intimal de la veine cave inferieure est exceptionnel. Son diagnostic pre-operatoire est difficile. Il s’agit d’une tumeur peu differenciee et de tres mauvais pronostic par rapport aux autres tumeurs primitives du systeme vasculaire. L’etude anatomopathologique et surtout immunohistochimique permet de faire le diagnostic positif.

Resume Les auteurs rapportent un nouveau cas de mesotheliome sarcomateux pleural. L’originalite de cette observation reside dans la revelation de la tumeur par un hemothorax post-traumatique.

Endometriosis is a rare entity, related after operation on the uterus or uterine tubes or a laparotomy procedures or other extrapelvic procedures, when seeding of endometrial fragments were shed into the peritoneal cavity. We report the case of a menopaused woman with a subcutaneous incisional scar mass that appeared 22 years after a caesarean section. The diagnosis was made by histological examination.

La fistule omphalo-mesenterique est une anomalie congenitale exceptionnelle en rapport avec la persistance complete du canal omphalo-mesenterique sur tout son trajet. Le diagnostic est pose par les donnees cliniques et la fistulographie sans avoir recours a d’autres examens complementaires. Bien qu’une faible proportion de cette malformation se complique, le traitement chirurgical precoce est necessaire.

We report on a rare case of botryoid Wilms tumor extending into the duodenum. This uncommon macroscopic form of nephroblastoma consists entirely of a polypoid renal intrapelvic mass. The main differential diagnosis of this unusual tumor is botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma. A 14-month-old boy presented with a painful abdominal mass. Radiology revealed a large heterogeneous mass in the renal calyx, protruding into the ureter. A right radical nephroureterectomy was carried out. The tumor was found to extend into the 2nd portion of the duodenum. The pathologic diagnosis was mixed type nephroblastoma, SIOP 2001 stage III. The patient was given a course of postoperative chemotherapy. No local recurrence or metastatic spread has been detected after 2 years. Only few such cases have been previously reported, some of them extending into the bladder. To our knowledge, botryoid nephroblastoma has not previously been described as extending into the digestive system.

Carcinosarcoma of skin is a biphasic tumor composed of intimately admixed malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Various terms have been used to designate these tumors (metaplastic carcinoma, pseudosarcoma, spindle cell carcinoma, etc.). However, the histogenetic conception has changed and carcinosarcoma is currently regarded as authentic sarcomatoid carcinoma.The authors report the case of a 32-year-old women initially presenting with a budding and ulcerating tumor at the site of an old cutaneous scar on the right leg. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation led to a diagnosis of cutaneous carcinosarcoma. One month after treatment, the patient developed inguinal lymph node metastasis.Our case and a review of other cases in the literature confirm the dual epithelial and sarcomatous phenotype of sarcomatoid carcinoma. Progressive transition between the cells of the two components on microscopic analysis and their positive immunostaining for anti-p53 antibody suggest a clonal origin of the tumor. The carcinomatous component seems to influence the course of the disease with the development of metastases, particularly at the lymph nodes. It thus seems advisable to combine lymphadenectomy with surgical tumor excision.

Uterine carcinosarcoma (malignant mixed mullerian tumor) is uncommon. We report the case of a 17-year-old patient who complained of pelvic pain and abnormal genital bleeding, and had a voluminous hemorrhagic tumor protruding through the vaginal os. Hysterectomy was performed. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation led to the diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given. In spite of the surgical treatment, the evolution was fatal with widespread metastases. From data of the literature, we discuss the diagnosis, histogenesis and treatment of this rare tumor.

Chondromyxoid fibroma is a rare benign tumor that is typically found in the metaphyseal ends of long tubular bones, such as the tibia. The radiographic appearances are those of a single, lytic lesion with lobulated margins, septations, cortical expansion and a sclerotic rim. The classic histological feature of a chondromyxoid fibroma is stellate or spindle-shaped cells arranged in lobules in a myxoid or chondroid background. Two cases are presented here: 8, and 12-year-old patients, both with lesions in the proximal tibia. The first case showed an unusual feature: it was diaphyseal chondromyxoid fibroma. In the second case, the lesion was metaphyso-diaphyseal. The differential diagnosis includes chondroblastoma, myxoma, aneurysmal cyst as well as chondrosarcoma. A surgical conservative treatment with complete excision is recommended even in case of recurrence.

We report the case of malignant pleural mesothelioma revealed by a post-traumatic hemothorax.

Amoeboma is an inflammatory mass of the colon. It is uncommon with most cases occurring in Latin America and South Africa. When amoeboma is the presenting symptom of amoebiasis, it poses the problem of differential diagnosis of colon cancer. This report describes the case of a 60-year-old patient who presented a painful mass in the left hypochondrium. Radiologic and endoscopic examinations depicted a ring-like stenosis of the transverse colon in association with a mesenteric reaction. The presumptive diagnosis was colon cancer and the patient was referred to the National Oncology Institute for surgical treatment. Histological examination of the surgical specimen after segmental colectomy confirmed diagnosis of intestinal amoeboma. The patient was treated medically using metronidazole. Since intestinal amoebiasis is common in our country, amoeboma must be considered as a rare but potential diagnosis in patients presenting masses of the colon. Differential diagnosis of carcinoma is necessary to avoid the risks associated with unnecessary surgery.

Pleural fibroma, or fibrous tumor of the pleura, is an uncommon entity which is characterized by slow proliferation of undifferentiated, intermediary or mature fibroblasts associated with collagen fibers forming a tumor stroma. We report a case in a 49-Year-old man who developed exercise-induced dyspnea and right chest pain. The thoracic CT scan revealed the presence of a mass in the right lung base composed of heterogeneous encapsulated tIssue. Tumor resection was performed leading to the histological diagnosis of pleural fibroma. Immunohistochemistry tests revealed positive vimetin and CD34, and negative cytokeratin uptake. These immunohistochemistry data contributed to the differential diagnosis with malignant pleural mesothelium. Pleural fibroma is a benign tumor in 80% of the cases. Prognosis is excellent. Local recurrence is exceptional and generally occurs after incomplete resection. Radial surgical treatment determines the prognosis and is required to prevent local recurrence. Other criteria of malignancy are not correlated with the clinical course of this type of tumor.

Tuberculosis of the gallbladder is rare, even in our country known for being an endemic area. The positive diagnosis depends on suspicion of tuberculosis, peroperative findings and histological examination. From a review of the literature, the physiopathology of this infection is discussed, emphasizing the role of lithiasis in the development of tuberculous lesions. The authors report a case of gallbladder tuberculosis in a female patient who presented with a clinical picture of chronic cholelithiasis. The diagnosis of gallbladder tuberculosis was reached only after surgery and proven by histopathology. In our case, the presence of stones associated with non specific inflammatory alterations and possibly low resistance against tubercle bacillus, is believed to have been of importance for the development of the tuberculous infection.

Endometriosis is a rare entity, related after operation on the uterus or uterine tubes or a laparotomy procedures or other extrapelvic procedures, when seeding of endometrial fragments were shed into the peritoneal cavity. We report the case of a menopaused woman with a subcutaneous incisional scar mass that appeared 22 years after a caesarean section. The diagnosis was made by histological examination.