155 results on '"Ladio A"'
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2. Información científica clave para la gestión y conservación del ecosistema biocultural del Pewén en Chile y Argentina
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Sanguinetti, Javier, Ditgen, Rebecca S, Donoso Calderón, Sergio R, Hadad, Martín A, Gallo, Leonardo, González, Mauro E, Ibarra, J Tomás, Ladio, Ana, Lambertucci, Sergio A, Marchelli, Paula, Mundo, Ignacio A, Nuñez, Martín A, Pauchard, Aníbal, Puchi, Paulina, Relva, María A., Skewes, Oscar, Shepherd, John D, Speziale, Karina, Vélez, María L, Salgado Salomón, María E, and Zamorano-Elgueta, Carlos more...
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Araucaria araucana ,threats ,amenazas ,temperate forest ,bosque templado ,conservation ,endemic ,conservación ,endémico - Abstract
The forest of Araucaria araucana (“pewen” in Mapuche language), with its associated species of the genus Nothofagus, is unique from an evolutionary, biological and sociocultural point of view. Due to the interdependence and interrelation with the Mapuche-Pewenche people, it is considered a biocultural ecosystem. This work is a comprehensive binational review of current scientific information applicable to its management and conservation. The scientific community contributed with significant advances in the knowledge of: a) the interrelationships within and significance of this biocultural ecosystem; b) the regional genetic diversity; c) the fire regimen, its main drivers, its role in forest dynamics, and the recovery capacity of biodiversity in the face of different burn severities; d) the ecological role of seed production and its unusual interactions with granivorous fauna and cavity nesters; e) the decline and death of the canopy, due to environmental stress and the emergence of new pewen pathogens; f) the consequences of the invasion of pines and exotic mammals that alter the biological interactions and the original ecological processes, and g) the effects of cattle ranching and overexploitation of firewood and pine nuts on ecological integrity and biodiversity. This knowledge is considered essential to strengthen policies and strategies for protection, conservation, and management of this ecosystem, which is endemic, rare, regionally threatened, and globally declared endangered. Considering the identified problems, it is imperative to achieve social empowerment of the Mapuche-Pehuenche people, intercultural respect, and enforcing public policies for the conservation and sustainable use of these forests., El bosque de Araucaria araucana (“pewén” en lengua Mapuche), con sus especies asociadas del género Nothofagus, es singular desde el punto de vista evolutivo, biológico y sociocultural. Por la interdependencia con el pueblo Mapuche-Pewenche, se lo considera un ecosistema biocultural. Este trabajo es una revisión integral binacional de información científica actualizada aplicable a su gestión y conservación. La comunidad científica avanzó significativamente en el conocimiento de: a) la interrelación y significancia del ecosistema biocultural; b) la diversidad genética regional; c) el régimen de incendios, sus factores determinantes, su rol en el bosque y la capacidad de recuperación de la biodiversidad frente a distintas severidades de quema; d) el rol ecológico de la producción de semillas y sus interacciones con la fauna granívora y nidificadora de cavidades; e) el decaimiento y muerte del dosel debido al estrés ambiental y al surgimiento de nuevos patógenos del pewén; f) las consecuencias de la invasión de pinos y de mamíferos exóticos que alteran las interacciones biológicas y los procesos ecológicos originales y; g) los efectos de la ganadería y la sobreexplotación de leña y piñones sobre la integridad ecológica y la biodiversidad. Este conocimiento se considera fundamental para fortalecer políticas y estrategias de protección, conservación y gestión de este ecosistema endémico, escaso, amenazado regional y globalmente declarado en peligro. Frente a las problemáticas identificadas, es imperioso lograr el empoderamiento social del pueblo Mapuche-Pehuenche, el respeto intercultural y la efectivización de las políticas públicas para la conservación y uso sustentable de este ecosistema biocultural. more...
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- 2023
Catalog
3. Variation of local zoological knowledge about Southern river otter and other semi-aquatic mammals in Nahuel Huapi National Park (Argentina)
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Carla M. Pozzi and Ana H. Ladio
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Cultural Studies ,Health (social science) ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
Background The huillín (Lontra provocax, Thomas 1908) is an otter, endemic to southern Argentina and Chile. It is in danger of extinction. In the Nahuel Huapi National Park and surroundings is the only freshwater, known and stable population of huillín in Argentina. In this park, several urban and rural centers coexist with this species. The main objective of our work was to answer: How does the local zoological knowledge (LZK) vary about the huillín, particularly its identification and sighting, among people from different social groups, with different ages and gender, who live in the rural or urban environment and with different periods of permanence in the place? Methods Ninety-six written interviews were conducted using visual stimuli to ensure that interviewees refer to the huillín. In addition, we also inquire about the LZK of other species with which it can be confused. Additional open interviews were conducted with participants who observed the huillín to determine the georeferencing of the reported sites and include them on a final map. Results 95% of people identified the huillín and this was confused with the coipo in 3% and with the american mink, in 5%. The results show that, in general, the LZK did not vary significantly with the sociocultural characteristics of the participants, showing a remarkable homogeneity. However, people in rural areas are more likely to observe the species than people in urban areas. Moreover, people between 20 and 40 years of age are more likely to observe the huillín. The LZK mapping has identified areas that are consistent with and/or adjacent to official source records. Other areas have also been identified that may provide new information. Conclusion With this participatory work, we realize that the species is recognized by urban and rural inhabitants and very few confused it. The homogeneity in the LZK found constitutes a kick for the realization of other participatory studies that promote lines of research, action and management that improve the quality of the environments where the only freshwater, known and stable population of the huillín in Argentina lives. more...
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- 2023
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4. Exotic and native species used by traditional populations of the Patagonian steppe: An approach based on redundancy and versatility
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Flávia Rosa Santoro, Bárbara Arias Toledo, Marina Richeri, and Ana Haydeé Ladio
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Ecology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2023
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5. Digestive plants in a Mapuche community of the Patagonian steppe: multidimensional variables that affect their knowledge and use
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Soledad Molares, María Laura Ciampagna, and Ana Ladio
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Cultural Studies ,Anthropology ,Plant Science ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2023
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6. FILSAFAT HUKUM SEBAGAI LANDASAN MANUSIA BERFIKIR SECARA DASAR
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RAHMAD LADIO
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filsafat hukum menganalisis asas-asas hukum dari suatu peraturan serta menjawab pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan hukum baik dalam bentuk yuridis normatif maupun yuridis empiris sehingga tujuan hukum dapat tercapai, yaitu untuk perbaikan dalam kehidupan manusia. Sebab isi hukum adalah suatu yang menumbuhkan nilai kebaikan diantara orang. Berpikir adalah memberikan gambaran adanya sesuatu yang ada pada diri seseorang. Sesuatu yang ada pada diri seseorang. Sesuatu yang merupakan tenaga yang disusun atas diri sesorang untuk melakukan aktivitas. Pengertian berpikir secara umum adalah aktivitas mental atau intelektual yang melibatkan kesadaran dan subjektivitas individu. Sehingga untuk menjawab pertanyaan dari peraturan- peraturan yang telah dipaparkan filsafat hukum dijadikan landasan untuk manusia berpikir. Filsafat Hukum bertolak dari renungan manusia yang cerdas, sebagai “subjek Hukum”, dunia hukum hanya ada dalam dunia manusia. Filsafat hukum tak lepas dari manusia selaku subjek hukum maupun subjek filsafat, sebab manusia membutuhkan hukum, dan hanya manusia yang mampu berfilsafat. more...
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- 2023
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7. Resilience of Mapuche Health System and the Influence of COVID-19
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Ana Haydeé Ladio and N. David Jiménez-Escobar
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- 2023
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8. The other sheep, resistant but forgotten: Archetypal characterization of Linca sheep farmers in Argentine Patagonia
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Carlos Aden Reising, María Rosa Lanari, and Ana Haydeé Ladio
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Ecology ,Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Plant Science ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2022
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9. Las etnoespecies comercializadas en la feria de agricultores de Bariloche (Río Negro, Argentina) y su versatilidad en alimentos locales: contribuciones hacia la soberanía alimentaria local
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Melisa Stefania Longo Blasón, Soledad Molares, and Ana Haydée Ladio
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Plant Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Introducción y objetivos: Las ferias hortícolas urbanas constituyen emplazamientos importantes para la soberanía alimentaria (SA) de una ciudad. La riqueza de etnoespecies y alimentos locales comercializados reflejan su dinamismo. La versatilidad utilitaria (VU) representada por las diferentes preparaciones culinarias, constituye un aspecto importante de la SA. Se relevó y caracterizó la riqueza de las etnoespecies, alimentos locales y partes vegetales comercializados en la Feria Franca de Agricultores de Bariloche. Las predicciones proponen que la mayor riqueza de etnoespecies son de origen exótico, y que a mayor VU (en alimentos locales) mayor es la importancia cultural de las etnoespecies. M&M: Se realizó un seguimiento etnobotánico tipo checklist de todas las etnoespecies y los alimentos locales vendidos en la temporada 2019. Se complementó con registros fotográficos y enlistados libres. Se estimó la VU de cada cultivo, y se analizó la relación entre el consenso de uso (CU) y la VU de las etnoespecies ofrecidas mediante MLG. Resultados: Se registró un total de 186 etnoespecies y 315 alimentos locales. Las etnoespecies más consensuadas fueron Petroselinum crispum (65%), Beta vulgaris var. cicla (55%), Rubus idaeus (50%) y el hongo exótico Suillus sp. Encontramos que las etnoespecies con mayor CU poseen mayor VU. Conclusiones: Las alternativas de uso alimentario que ofrecen las etnoespecies es un elemento clave para los agricultores como reaseguro de venta, pero principalmente como un elemento que da visibilidad a las plantas locales a través de preparaciones caseras. Los alimentos locales son legados bioculturales que reflejan tradiciones, pero también innovaciones. more...
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- 2022
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10. Patagonian Ethnopedology and Its Role in Food Security: A Case Study of Rural Communities in Arid Environments of Argentina
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D. Morales, S. Molares, and A. Ladio
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Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Plant Science - Abstract
Local knowledge of horticultural soils was analysed from an ethnobiological perspective in a rural population of arid Patagonian, in order to gain a deeper understanding of how the farmers classify, use and value the soil. In this large but sparsely populated territory, a group of 27 participants was selected. The farmers use an ethnoclassification system that distinguishes nine different soil types according to their horticultural aptitude. The classification criteria are based on the morphological attributes of the soil and certain ethnoindicators (i.e., texture, structure, colour and plant species present). All these aspects, evaluated within the framework of local symbolic and cultural precepts, proved to be key to the management of soils with pronounced edaphic and climatic limitations in terms of farming. Recognition of local knowledge and its contribution to dealing with current socioenvironmental challenges and crises may favour the design of more sustainable farming production in communities that are socio-environmentally vulnerable, considering the populations, soil, and culture as components of a complex integrated system, and not as isolated elements. more...
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- 2023
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11. A Reply to Pierotti’s (2018) Review of 'Evolutionary Ethnobiology': Decolonizing Latin American Science
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Ariadna Valentina Lopes, Gustavo Taboada Soldati, Robert A. Voeks, Thiago Gonçalves-Souza, Washington Soares Ferreira Júnior, Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, Rainer W. Bussmann, Ina Vandebroek, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque, Michelle C. M. Jacob, Ana Haydee Ladio, and Felipe P. L. Melo more...
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Ethnobiology ,Latin Americans ,History ,Anthropology ,Science ethics ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Published
- 2021
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12. Effectiveness of different dosages of vitamin E on the maturation of freshwater lobster (Cherax quadricarinatus)
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Mikha Ladio, Siti Komariyah, and Andika Putriningtias
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General Medicine - Abstract
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of different doses of vitamin E on the maturation of freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). The method used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were P1 (control), P2 (vitamin E 150 mg/kg feed), P3 (vitamin E 300 mg/kg feed), and P4 (vitamin E 450 mg/kg feed). Parameters observed in this study were Gonad Maturity Index (GIC), fecundity, and egg diameter.The results of Duncan's analysis showed that the increasing vitamin E to feed was significantly different (P more...
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- 2023
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13. A review on the applications of zinc tungstate (ZnWO
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Hassana Ladio, Abubakar, Jimoh Oladejo, Tijani, Saka Ambali, Abdulkareem, Abdullahi, Mann, and Saheed, Mustapha
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The monoclinic wolframite-phase structure of ZnWO
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- 2022
14. Digestive Plants of the Patagonian Steppe: An Approach to the Multidimensionality of Variables That Affect Their Knowledge and Use
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Soledad Molares, María Laura Ciampagna, and Ana Ladio
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- 2022
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15. Urban trading of medicinal plants in San Salvador de Jujuy (Argentina): How does species composition vary between different biocultural supply sites?
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Ana Haydee Ladio, Marina Eva Acosta, and Daniela Alejandra Lambaré
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education.field_of_study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ecology ,Public health ,Population ,Introduced species ,Plant Science ,Native plant ,Geography ,Anthropology ,Ethnobotany ,medicine ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Species richness ,education ,Medicinal plants ,Socioeconomics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Global biodiversity - Abstract
Studies related to the intrinsic biocultural variation of medicinal plant use in urban contexts are necessary for public health purposes. In this work we ask: What types of supply site offer medicinal plants in the pluricultural city of San Salvador de Jujuy? What are the most important medicinal plants commercialized in the city? How do species composition and their cultural importance vary between biocultural suppliers? The research followed an ethnobotanical approach and techniques, particularly participant observation, semi-structured and structured interviews with salespersons, and prior informed consent. We also identified plant material, considering the 10 plants most cited by the participants as having most commercial importance. Three types of medicinal plant supply site were identified: pharmacies, herbal stores and traditional informal sales stalls (informal vendors). Eighty-two medicinal species and two algal species were the most sold in this city. Total species richness differed between different types of biocultural supply site, herbal stores selling the highest richness (54 species), followed by informal vendors (43 species) and finally, pharmacies (36 species). The similarity index for the three sites revealed that herbal stores and informal vendors shared the highest number of species (46%). Through a GLM (generalized lineal model) we found that the supply sites most likely to sell native plants were the informal vendors. Despite the influence of global patterns of use, the supply sites varied in their intrinsic characteristics and offered different resources. Traditional informal vendors are fundamental to the Jujuy population for the supply of unique native species. This phenomenon has marked consequences for public health, highlighting the essential biocultural role played by this supply point in maintaining the traditional Andean health system. more...
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- 2021
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16. Factors affecting local plant knowledge in isolated communities from Patagonian steppe: Metacommunity theory is revealed as a methodological approach
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Flávia Rosa Santoro, Marina Richeri, and Ana Haydée Ladio
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Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Knowledge ,Multidisciplinary ,Textiles ,Ethnobotany ,Humans ,Plants - Abstract
The Patagonian steppe is a refuge for several indigenous peoples who live in relatively isolated communities, depending heavily on natural resources for their activities, health, and food security. The local ecological knowledge is a reservoir that generates full wellbeing and for which it must be the object of protection and local development. In this study, we aimed to find which factors can influence local ecological knowledge from a metacommunity on the Patagonian steppe. We analyzed variation in knowledge about cultivated and gathered plants used as medicinal, edible, and firewood according to multiple factors widely discussed in the ethnobiological literature: age, gender, formal education, occupation, indigenous identity, contact with urban centers, use of biomedicine, hunting, and handcrafted textile production. We conducted semi-structured interviews with local experts, accessed by the snowball technique. We found that formal education is a key factor in the variation of local ecological knowledge among people. In addition, we found that knowledge varies between people who practice activities inside and outside the home, concentrating knowledge between cultivated and gathered plants, respectively. Our urbanization proxies did not point to an influence of this factor on local knowledge, but specialists living in a larger community with signs of internal urbanization processes had much less knowledge. Our results allowed us to visualize the importance of studying metacommunities as a whole, to verify complexities and intersections of overlapping factors. Studies in metacommunities open up a range of possibilities for ethnobiological analysis. more...
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- 2022
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17. The southern river otter (Lontra provocax): insights from the perspective of Andean Patagonian ethnozoology
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Carla Pozzi and Ana Haydee Ladio
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Southern river otter ,Web browser ,Ecology ,biology ,Ethnohistory ,Fauna ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Otter ,Ethnozoology ,Geography ,Anthropology ,biology.animal ,Lontra ,Ethnology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Animals play a significant role in many cultures around the world. The southern river otter Lontra provocax (known locally as the “huillin”) is endemic to southern Argentina and Chile, and is currently in danger of extinction. Mapuche communities have always lived closely alongside their animal resources, generating unique bonds with them. The objective of this work is to obtain an overview of the importance given to this species in the literature of the region with regard to the nature-culture connection. A systematic bibliographical review was carried out using reference libraries and web browsers. From all the sources analysed, 110 were selected which held biocultural information. The main approach used was ecological; however, the ethnohistorical texts provided the richest information on the bond between this otter and humans. The Mapuche name “huillin” appears in all the publications analysed, showing its continuity over time. Of all the zootoponyms found, 87.5% were Chilean and 12.5% were Argentine. The Argentine case is found in Nahuel Huapi lake, and is worthy of note as its name could involve the huillin. The results of this work increase our knowledge of the biocultural heritage of our region, and enable us to reflect on the associated historical and political processes. more...
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- 2021
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18. Silvopastoral systems in northern Argentine-Chilean Andean Patagonia: Ecosystem services provision in a complex territory
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Chillo, María Verónica, Ladio, Ana H., Salinas Sanhueza, Jaime, Soler, Rosina, Arpigiani, Daniela, Rezzano, Carlos Abraham, Cardozo, Andrea, Peri, Pablo, and Amoroso, Mariano Martín
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Livestock ,Ciencias Agrarias ,Socio-ecosystem ,Sustainable management ,Native forest - Abstract
Fil: Chillo, María Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Ladio, Ana. INIBIOMA-CONICET. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Salinas Sanhueza, Jaime. INFOR. Aysen, Chile. Fil: Soler, Rosina. CADIC-CONICET. Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Fil: Arpigiani, Daniela. IRNAD, UNRN-CONICET. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Rezzano, Carlos Abraham. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Cardozo, Andrea. INTA. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Peri, Pablo. CONICET, INTA. Santa Cruz, Argentina. Fil: Amoroso, Mariano Martín. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina. Fil: Chillo, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Río Negro, Argentina Silvopastoral systems (SPS) are sustainable production systems, characterized by a great biodiversity and multifunctionality compared with other livestock production systems. Northern Argentine-Chilean Andean Patagonia is a complex socio-ecological system where the provision and perception of ecosystem services (ES) vary depending on multiple contexts. We aim to characterize multiple ES and the associated benefits from SPS under different contexts and key factors. We propose a conceptual model of the socio-ecosystem that considers socio-historical contexts, forest ecosystems, cultural contexts, relational values, and anthropogenic aspects. We provide a deep review of published information on these factors and how these are related to the provision and perception of ES. We also consider natural and anthropogenic drivers to assist government and institutions. Finally, we discuss the main knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to attain a sustainable management. There is a need for a multidisciplinary and regional approach that can serve as a new interpretive framework for managers and decision-makers. In particular, the inclusion of relational values with nature and the visibility of anthropocentric factors can be useful tools for local development. more...
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- 2021
19. Management of native and exotic plant species with edible fruits in a protected area of NW Patagonia
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Ana Haydee Ladio and Melina Fernanda Chamorro
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Ecology ,Rural community ,Agroforestry ,Introduced species ,Plant Science ,Native plant ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,Participatory rural appraisal ,Geography ,Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Species richness ,Protected area ,Domestication ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Management practices are very sensitive to socio-environmental change and the influence of market society. This case study was carried out in the Cuyin Manzano rural community, situated in a protected area within the North Patagonian UNESCO biosphere reserve. We investigate the differential practices applied by the community with regard to management of native and introduced species with edible fruits using semi-structured and free interviews in 11 homes (80%). A Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) was also performed to validate the field results. The data was analyzed quali-quantitatively, in the latter case with Generalized Linear Models. A total richness of 27 species was found, of which 11 were native and 17 introduced. Native plants were mainly managed by gathering and tolerance, while exotic species were not only harvested, but also protected, sown and transplanted, and plants inherited from forebears were cared for. Management intensity varied according to origin, being greater for the introduced species. In addition, the species of greater cultural importance were also those which experienced a higher number of management practices, with possible processes of incipient domestication being particularly notable for two native plants. Exotic plants have a higher probability of being managed, and with greater intensity, than native ones, even though the latter have had a much longer history of use. Our results show patterns of diversification of edible fruit species through different management practices. For inhabitants, these practices represent significant situations of contact with nature, which enable traditions based on local knowledge to be maintained. more...
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- 2021
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20. A review on the applications of zinc tungstate (ZnWO4) photocatalyst for wastewater treatment
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Hassana Ladio Abubakar, Jimoh Oladejo Tijani, Saka Ambali Abdulkareem, Abdullahi Mann, and Saheed Mustapha
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Multidisciplinary - Published
- 2022
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21. Ethnobiology Phase VI: Decolonizing Institutions, Projects, and Scholarship
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Ina Vandebroek, Meredith Alberta Palmer, Maui Hudson, Eréndira Juanita Cano-Contreras, Steve Wolverton, Israel T. Borokini, Sonia Peter, Tania Eulalia Martinez-Cruz, Guillaume Odonne, Natalia Hanazaki, Jeffrey Wall, Samantha Bosco, Mark Nesbitt, John Rashford, Ana Haydee Ladio, Linda Black Elk, Simon Hoyte, Alex C. McAlvay, Zemede Asfaw, Chelsey Geralda Armstrong, Janelle Marie Baker, Jane Anderson, Walderes Cocta Priprá De Almeida, Leigh Joseph, Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) more...
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0106 biological sciences ,colonialism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology ,Plant Science ,Colonialism ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Racism ,Indigenous ,[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,Ethnobiology ,Sovereignty ,Reciprocity (social psychology) ,Political science ,social justice ,10. No inequality ,media_common ,antiracism ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Environmental ethics ,[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,ethics ,Scholarship ,Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,parachute science ,Repatriation - Abstract
Ethnobiology, like many fields, was shaped by early Western imperial efforts to colonize people and lands around the world and extract natural resources. Those legacies and practices persist today and continue to influence the institutions ethnobiologists are a part of, how they carry out research, and their personal beliefs and actions. Various authors have previously outlined five overlapping "phases" of ethnobiology. Here, we argue that ethnobiology should move toward a sixth phase in which scholars and practitioners must actively challenge colonialism, racism, and oppressive structures embedded within their institutions, projects, and themselves. As an international group of ethnobiologists and scholars from allied fields, we identified key topics and priorities at three levels: at the institutional scale, we argue for repatriation/rematriation of biocultural heritage, accessibility of published work, and realignment of priorities to support community-driven research. At the level of projects, we emphasize the need for mutual dialogue, reciprocity, community research self-sufficiency, and research questions that support sovereignty of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities over lands and waters. Finally, for individual scholars, we support self-reflection on language use, co-authorship, and implicit bias. We advocate for concrete actions at each of these levels to move the field further toward social justice, antiracism, and decolonization., La etnobiología, como muchos otros campos, ha sido moldeada por los esfuerzos imperialistas occidentales para colonizar gente y tierras alrededor del mundo y extraer sus recursos naturales. Estos legados y prácticas aún persisten hoy en día y continúan influyendo en las instituciones donde los etnobiólogos son parte, las formas en cómo desarrollan la investigación, sus creencias personales y acciones. Varios autores han resaltado anteriormente cinco fases superpuestas de la etnobiología. En este documento, nosotros argumentamos que la etnobiología debe moverse hacia una sexta fase en la que los académicos y practicantes deben activamente confrontar el colonialismo, el racismo y las estructuras opresivas que están embebidas dentro de sus instituciones, proyectos y de ellos mismos. Como un grupo internacional de etnobiólogos y académicos de campos aliados, identificamos temas centrales y prioridades en 3 niveles: a nivel institucional, nosotros abogamos por la repatriación/rematriación del patrimonio biocultural, la accesibilidad a los trabajos publicados, y la realineación de prioridades para apoyar la investigación liderada por las comunidades. A nivel de proyectos, nosotros enfatizamos la necesidad de un diálogo mutuo, de reciprocidad, que las comunidades sean autosuficientes en cuanto a investigación. Además, que las preguntas de investigación apoyen la soberanía de los Pueblos Indígenas y las Comunidades Locales sobre sus tierras y aguas. Finalmente, en el caso de los académicos, apoyamos los procesos de reflexión interna acerca del uso del lenguaje, las coautorías y los sesgos implícitos. Nosotros abogamos por acciones concretas en cada uno de estos niveles para movilizar a la etnobiología para que sea socialmente justa, anti-racista y descolonizada. more...
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- 2021
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22. Starchy food residue on a potsherd from a late Holocene hunter-gatherer site in Argentine Patagonia: towards the visibility of wild underground storage organs
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María Laura Ciampagna, Aylen Capparelli, Ana Haydee Ladio, and Soledad Molares
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010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,Pottery ,Plant Science ,Microbotanical studies ,01 natural sciences ,Arqueología ,Tropaeolum ,Alstroemeria ,Diposis ,Underground storage ,Patagonian archaeobotany ,Ciencias Naturales ,0601 history and archaeology ,Starchy food ,Starch grains ,Hunter-gatherer ,Holocene ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Starch grain ,060102 archaeology ,Paleontology ,Subsistence agriculture ,06 humanities and the arts ,Archaeology ,Geography ,Sherd - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present recent advances in the microbotanical analyses of an organic residue on a potsherd from a late Holocene hunter-gatherer site in Argentine Patagonia, which is the first evidence of this kind for the processing of starchy food. Standard methods were carried out for starch grain recovery and morphometric analysis, care being taken in the prevention of cross-contamination and evaluation of post-depositional factors. Diagnostic features of the ancient starch grains recovered were compared against those from a list, available in the bibliography, of plants potentially processed in pottery, but no match was found. An anatomical and starch grain reference collection was established with three of the most frequently consumed traditional wild underground storage organs (USOs) of Patagonia, Alstroemeria aurea Graham, Tropaeolum porifolium Cav. and Diposis patagonica Skottsb., in order to compare these against the archaeobotanical record. We suggest that T. aff. porifolium (and probably also A. aff. aurea) were processed in the pot from which the sherd came, and discuss these results in terms of a better understanding of the role of wild USOs in subsistence and the possible cooking methods used in hunter-gatherer societies in Argentine Patagonia., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo more...
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- 2021
23. Región Patagónica (Bosques Andino Patagónicos)
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Amoroso, Mariano M., Peri, Pablo Luis, Lencinas, María Vanessa, Soler Esteban, Rosina Matilde, Rovere, Adriana E., González Peñalba, Marcelo, Chauchard, Luis Mario, Urretavizcaya, María F., Loguercio, Gabriel, Mundo, Ignacio A., Dezzotti, Alejandro, Attis Beltrán, Hernán, Bahamonde, Héctor Alejandro, Ladio, Ana H., Gowda, Juan H., Gallo, Leonardo Ariel, Quinteros, Claudia Pamela, Sola, Georgina, Martinez Pastur, Guillermo José, Cellini, Juan Manuel, Peri, Pablo Luis, Martínez Pastur, Guillermo José, and Schlichter, Tomás Miguel more...
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Sistemas Silvopastoriles ,Valor Añadido ,Servicios de los Ecosistemas ,Región Patagónica ,Bosque Primario ,Production ,Sustainable Development ,SILVICULTURA ,Producción ,Forest Management ,Forest Types ,Silvopastoral Systems ,Desarrollo Sostenible ,Value Added ,Ordenación Forestal ,purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1 [https] ,Tipos Forestales ,Sistemas Silvopascícolas ,Primary Forest ,BOSQUE NATIVO ,USO SUSTENTABLE ,Ecosystem Services ,purl.org/becyt/ford/4 [https] - Abstract
Los Bosques Andino Patagónicos proveen una amplia gamade servicios ecosistémicos que incluyen servicios de provisión,regulación, soporte y culturales. Estos bosques han sido utilizadospor los habitantes originales de la Patagonia, pero conla llegada de nuevos pobladores a la región a finales del sigloXIX su utilización fue creciendo con el aumento de los asentamientos.En términos generales, existen dos grandes tiposde manejo tradicional o histórico a escala regional común ala mayoría de los principales tipos forestales: el uso forestalmaderero y el uso ganadero o pastoril. El aprovechamientoforestal se realizó desde sus inicios y hasta mediados delsiglo XX, en general, sin ningún tipo de prescripción silvícola.A mediados del siglo, comenzaron a aparecer las primerasconsideraciones técnicas para el manejo de los bosquesen general, dándose inicio a una etapa de manejo del bosquecon fundamentos silvícolas que se intensificaron en los 696 697Uso Sostenible del Bosque Nativo | Aportes desde la Silvicultura ArgentinaRegión Patagónica (Bosques Andino Patagónicos) Capítulo 1111.1 Grandes unidades del paisaje, descripción del bosquenativo y principales tipos forestalesLos Bosques Andino-Patagónicos poseen unelevado número de especies endémicas tanto enla flora como en la fauna (Armesto et al., 1998). Suflora, particularmente, posee especies diferentesa las otras regiones de Argentina, con predominiode géneros e incluso familias de distribuciónaustral como los Nothofagus, Fitzroya, variasespecies de Misodendraceas, etc. Consideradosuna isla biogeográfica, constituyen una delas últimas reservas mundiales de bosquestemplados con poca alteración antrópica yvaliosa diversidad vegetal y animal autóctona.La región alberga también un patrimonio culturalsignificativo por sus valores arqueológicos,históricos y culturales (Etcheverry, 2009). Laregión norte de los bosques está incluida desdeel año 2007 en la Red Mundial de Reservas dela Biosfera a través del programa ?El Hombre yla Biosfera? de la Organización de las NacionesUnidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura(UNESCO, 2010; Molares y Rovere, 2014). Estasreservas son designadas para promover ydemostrar la factibilidad de una relación equilibradaentre los humanos y su entorno natural.Los Bosques Andino-Patagónicos, desde lacreación del Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapien 1934, y después de los Parques NacionalesLanín, Los Alerces, Lago Puelo, Los Glaciaresy Perito Moreno, se hallan bajo unidades deconservación (Mermoz et al., 2009) con un34% de su área protegida (Brown y Pacheco,2006), aunque puedan variar según la zonalos grados de implementación y efectividad(Rosas et al., 2017, 2018).Los tipos de disturbios más importantes paraestos bosques, en rasgos generales, son: los deorigen geológico (terremotos y vulcanismos),el viento, los incendios naturales o antrópicos,la herbivoría por mamíferos herbívoros nativos(p. ej. Lama guanicoe) o exóticos (p. ej. ganadoovino, vacuno y equino, Cervus elaphus y Castorcanadensis, entre otros) (Veblen et al., 1995; Relvay Veblen 1998), los insectos (Mazía et al., 2004),la invasión de especies de plantas exóticas yla sobreexplotación maderera (Rovere, 2008),el decaimiento forestal (Havrylenko, 1989;Amoroso et al., 2015), el cambio climático(Premoli et al., 2006) y los eventos climáticosextremos, como las sequías extremas (Suárez etal., 2004). La urbanización creciente en Patagonia(Lantschner et al., 2008) es otra perturbaciónque elimina y/o modifica los ecosistemas, eintroduce numerosas especies exóticas que confrecuencia terminan invadiendo los ambientesnaturales (McKinney, 2006; Rovere et al., 2013).Debido a la extensión latitudinal y diversidadde climas, y a los procesos de ocupaciónhistórica de la región de los Bosques Andino-Patagónicos, también pueden analizarse losactuales factores de disturbio separadamentepara Patagonia norte desde los 35° a 46° delatitud sur, y para Patagonia sur entre los 46° a54° de latitud sur, dado que presentan marcadasdiferencias (Rovere et al., 2014). En Patagonianorte los factores de degradación más relevantesson: incendios forestales, forestacionescon especies exóticas, urbanizaciones y herbivoríapor animales domésticos. Los bosquesde Patagonia sur presentan un mejor estado deconservación, y también poseen amplias áreasprotegidas y bosques maduros, y con una bajapresión poblacional. Sin embargo, actividadeshumanas directas como el aprovechamientoforestal no planificado o indirectas como laexpansión de especies animales exóticas (Castorcanadensis) degradan fuertemente el bosque.años 80 hasta la actualidad. Con el crecimiento del sectorforestal en la región se fueron desarrollando propuestassilvícolas para los diferentes tipos forestales con una mayorsolidez respecto de los usos potenciales, la conservación yde los servicios ecosistémicos que brindan. Algunas de estasse implementaron a gran escala, pero otras quedaron comoexperiencias a pequeña escala o áreas experimentales, obien como simples consideraciones teóricas. El impactosobre los bosques manejados siempre es significativo, por locual el desafío sigue siendo encontrar un equilibrio entre lasvariables económicas, ecológicas y sociales, con el objetivode diseñar alternativas para un uso responsable y sostenible.Esto es, promover un modelo productivo integralque articule todos los eslabones de la producción, desdeel bosque y el productor hasta la generación de productosdiversificados, con valor agregado en un ambiente demercado y negocio forestal. Fil: Amoroso, Mariano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. - Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; Argentina Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina Fil: Lencinas, María Vanessa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Soler Esteban, Rosina Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Rovere, Adriana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; Argentina Fil: González Peñalba, M.. Administración de Parques Nacionales; Argentina Fil: Chauchards, Luis Mario. Administración de Parques Nacionales; Argentina Fil: Urretavizcaya, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina Fil: Loguercio, Gabriel Angel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro de Investigación y Extensión Forestal Andino Patagónico; Argentina Fil: Mundo, Ignacio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Cellini, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina Fil: Dezzotti, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Attis Beltran, Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Asentamiento Universidad San Martín de Los Andes; Argentina Fil: Bahamonde, Héctor Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Gowda, Juan Janakiram Haridas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Gallo, Leonardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina Fil: Quinteros, Claudia Pamela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Sola, Georgina Giselle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Asentamiento Universidad San Martin de Los Andes. Cátedra de Orientación Forestal; Argentina Fil: Martínez Pastur, Guillermo José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina more...
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- 2021
24. Silvopastoral Systems in Northern Argentine-Chilean Andean Patagonia: Ecosystem Services Provision in a Complex Territory
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Rosina Matilde Soler Esteban, Ana Haydee Ladio, Carlos Abraham Rezzano, Jaime Salinas Sanhueza, Andrea Cardozo, María Verónica Chillo, Daniela Arpigiani, Mariano M. Amoroso, and Pablo Luis Peri
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Government ,Geography ,Anthropocentrism ,Sustainable management ,Multidisciplinary approach ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Forest ecology ,Biodiversity ,Conceptual model ,Environmental planning ,Ecosystem services ,media_common - Abstract
Silvopastoral systems (SPS) are sustainable production systems, characterized by a great biodiversity and multifunctionality compared with other livestock production systems. Northern Argentine-Chilean Andean Patagonia is a complex socio-ecological system where the provision and perception of ecosystem services (ES) vary depending on multiple contexts. We aim to characterize multiple ES and the associated benefits from SPS under different contexts and key factors. We propose a conceptual model of the socio-ecosystem that considers socio-historical contexts, forest ecosystems, cultural contexts, relational values, and anthropogenic aspects. We provide a deep review of published information on these factors and how these are related to the provision and perception of ES. We also consider natural and anthropogenic drivers to assist government and institutions. Finally, we discuss the main knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to attain a sustainable management. There is a need for a multidisciplinary and regional approach that can serve as a new interpretive framework for managers and decision-makers. In particular, the inclusion of relational values with nature and the visibility of anthropocentric factors can be useful tools for local development. more...
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- 2021
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25. LA ETNOBIOLOGÍA EN ÁREAS RURALES Y SU APORTE A LA LUCHA PARA DESENTRAÑAR SESGOS PATRIARCALES
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Ana Haydee Ladio
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purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,DIÁLOGO HORIZONTAL ,Ciencias Biológicas ,MUJERES ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,ECOFEMINISMO ,NATURALEZA-CULTURA ,ÉTICA DEL CUIDADO ,etnobiologia ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,mujeres ,ecofeminismo ,diálogo horizontal ,Naturaleza-Cultura ,ética del cuidado - Abstract
El ecofeminismo ha cobrado importancia entre las lideresas campesinas aborígenes y no aborígenes de América Latina. Este enfoque plantea que la dominación extractivista que propone la lógica de mercado sobre la Naturaleza, es la misma que se imprime en los cuerpos de las mujeres desde hace siglos de colonización. Ambos, son territorios-cuerpos sujetos a relaciones de desigualdad y sometimiento. Los estudios rurales muestran que, bajo esa lógica neoliberal-patriarcal, solo se pondera el trabajo productivo que genera dinero realizado por hombres, dejando invisible el trabajo doméstico o el informal de las mujeres. Asimismo, permanece oculto su rol en la trasmisión de saberes y prácticas agropecuarias. En este artículo, deseo reflexionar sobre el papel de los trabajos etnobiológicos en visibilizar cuestiones de género. Propongo que la etnobiología ha tenido perspectivas compartidas con la aproximación ecofeminista. En sus evidencias empíricas y desarrollos teóricos ha desarmado supremacías propias de la lógica patriarcal, visibilizando el rol de las mujeres en la vida rural, especialmente cuando: 1- ha estudiado las distintas formas de conocimiento entre hombres y mujeres, 2- se ha centrado en el patrimonio material e inmaterial y los procesos de trasmisión cultural, 3- ha resaltado visiones locales de una Naturaleza no subordinada a la Cultura (por ende, al patriarcado), 4- ha visibilizado vínculos emocionales. Sin embargo, muchas veces los trabajos etnobiológicos no han sido suficientemente explícitos en desentrañar los sesgos patriarcales, por ende, se proponen seis ideas para desarticularlos, tanto de índole metodológico como conceptual. El carácter híbrido de la etnobiología provee de herramientas clave para dar cuenta del lugar multifacético de las mujeres en la conservación de la Naturaleza. Eco-feminism has gained importance among indigenous and non-indigenous women farmers' leaders in Latin America. They argue that the extractive domination proposed by the logic of the market over Nature is the same that has been imprinted on women's bodies for centuries of colonization. Both are territories-bodies subject to relations of inequality and submission. Rural studies show that under this neoliberal-patriarchal logic, only productive work that generates money is considered, carried out by men, leaving women's domestic or informal work invisible. Moreover, their role in the transmission of agricultural knowledge and practices remains hidden. In this article, I wish to reflect on the role of ethnobiological work in gender studies. I propose that ethnobiology has shared perspectives with the ecofeminist approach. Empirical evidence and theoretical developments of ethnobiology have disarmed supremacy proper to patriarchal logic, making visible the role of women in rural life, specially when: 1) has studied the different forms of knowledge between men and women, 2) has focused on the material and immaterial heritage and processes of cultural transmission, 3) has highlighted local visions of a Nature not subordinated to Culture (therefore, to patriarchy), 4) has made visible emotional links. However, in many times the ethnobiology has not been sufficiently explicit in unraveling the patriarchal biases, therefore, six ideas are proposed to disarticulate them, both of methodological as conceptual nature. The hybrid character of ethnobiology provides key tools to account for the multifaceted place of women in nature conservation. Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
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- 2020
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26. A new set of tools for Ethnobiologist in the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Ana Haydee Ladio
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indigenous knowlegde ,Hegemony ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Culture ,Ciencias Sociales ,Subject (philosophy) ,Plant Science ,Indigenous ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ciencias Biológicas ,Political science ,Pandemic ,Traditional knowledge ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Set (psychology) ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Indigenous Knowledge ,Ecology ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Public relations ,Humanidades y Arte ,Nature ,Ciencias Biomédicas ,Action (philosophy) ,Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,business ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Diversity (business) - Abstract
This article will develop a series of ideas for ethnobiologists to consider in their professional field fromnow on. One of the things we have most learned about indigenous communities is the importance ofbeing committed to maintaining the networks of life and the protection of diversity. Considering thewarnings given by indigenous groups regarding past and future imbalances of Nature, what will happento ethnobiological work in the future, and is what we do really necessary? What lines of action, conflict,alliances and controversies lie ahead of us? The so-called new normality urges us to make changes inour discipline, and therefore we should be able to count on a new box of tools. In a metaphorical sense,I will call these tools a set of premises that should never be lacking in the future; we must be alertto the signs of change, the omens and the previous experiences of local communities. These pandemictimes have prioritized the voices of ?experts?, who impose hegemonic scientific systems as if they werethe only option. The critical role of indigenous peoples as guardians of the world?s lands and forestsshould be most recognized. Indigenous peoples are neither heard nor valued, even though they are someof the worst affected by this pandemic, being subject to large-scale ethnocide at this moment. Ourchallenge as ethnobiologists should be to build bridges and be agents of change, so that multiculturalityand interculturality can be made visible and promoted. Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
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- 2020
27. Reshaping the future of ethnobiology research after the COVID-19 pandemic
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Tinde van Andel, Laurent Jean Pierre, Janelle Marie Baker, Temesgen Magule Olango, Susan J. Kutz, Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves, Yeter Yeşil, Tacyana Pereira Ribeiro Oliveira, Jeremías Pedro Puentes, Andrea Pieroni, Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, Julio Alberto Hurrell, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque, Masayoshi Shigeta, Rupika Delgoda, Rainer W. Bussmann, Natalia Hanazaki, Patricia Marta Arenas, Alfred Maroyi, Arshad Mehmood Abbasi, Ina Vandebroek, David Picking, Jean Huge, Guillaume Odonne, Shrabya Timsina, Ana Haydee Ladio, John Richard Stepp, Cassandra L. Quave, Farid Dahdouh-Guebas, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biology, Department of Environmental Sciences, and RS-Research Line Innovation (part of LIRSS program) more...
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Comunidades ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Ethnic group ,Ciencias Sociales ,Plant Science ,Global Health ,01 natural sciences ,PANDEMIC ,Biodiversidad ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ciencias Biológicas ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ethnobiology ,Betacoronavirus ,FUTURE ,Political science ,Pandemic ,Global health ,Ethnicity ,Humans ,Ciencias Naturales ,Applied research ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Biology ,Pandemics ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,SARS-CoV-2 ,ethnobiology ,Etnobiología ,COVID-19 ,Environmental ethics ,Généralités ,030104 developmental biology ,Ciencias de la Tierra y Medio Ambiente ,Coronavirus Infections ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Ethnology - Abstract
A geographically diverse group of 29 ethnobiologists addresses three common themes in response to the COVID-19 global health crisis: impact on local communities, future interactions between researchers and communities, and new (or renewed) conceptual and/or applied research priorities for ethnobiology., La lista completa de autores puede verse en el archivo asociado., Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada more...
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- 2020
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28. Native and exotic plants with edible fleshy fruits utilized in Patagonia and their role as sources of local functional foods
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Ana Haydee Ladio and Melina Fernanda Chamorro
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Rural Population ,0106 biological sciences ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Biocultural diversity ,BIOCULTURAL DIVERSITY ,LOCAL USE ,Argentina ,Introduced species ,TRADITIONAL USES ,NATIVE FRUITS ,PHYTOTHERAPY ,Sambucus nigra ,HERBAL MEDICINE ,01 natural sciences ,Traditional uses, herbal medicine, phytotherapy, food-medicine ,Native fruits ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,03 medical and health sciences ,Aristotelia chilensis ,Functional Food ,FOOD-MEDICINE ,Humans ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,0303 health sciences ,Plants, Medicinal ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,Berberis microphylla ,Berries ,lcsh:Other systems of medicine ,lcsh:RZ201-999 ,biology.organism_classification ,Local use ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Fruit ,Ethnobotany ,Medicine, Traditional ,Species richness ,Plants, Edible ,Rosa rubiginosa ,BERRIES ,Research Article ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Background: Traditionally part of the human diet, plants with edible fleshy fruits (PEFF) contain bioactive components that may exert physiological effects beyond nutrition, promoting human health and well-being. Focusing on their food-medicine functionality, different ways of using PEFF were studied in a cross-sectional way using two approaches: a bibliographical survey and an ethnobotanical case study in a rural community of Patagonia, Argentina. Methods: A total of 42 studies were selected for the bibliographical review. The case study was carried out with 80% of the families inhabiting the rural community of Cuyín Manzano, using free listing, interviews, and participant observation. In both cases we analyzed species richness and use patterns through the edible consensus and functional consensus indices. Local foods, ailments, medicines and drug plants were also registered. Results: The review identified 73 PEFF, the majority of which (78%) were native species, some with the highest use consensus. PEFF were used in 162 different local foods, but mainly as fresh fruit. Of the total, 42% were used in a functional way, in 54 different medicines. The principal functional native species identified in the review were Aristotelia chilensis and Berberis microphylla. In the case study 20 PEFF were in current use (50% were native), and consensus values were similar for native and exotic species. These were used in 44 different local foods, mainly as fresh fruit. Only 30% were recognized for their functional value by inhabitants (mainly as gastrointestinal and respiratory treatments). The species with the highest functional consensus were the exotic Sambucus nigra and Rosa rubiginosa, followed by the native A. chilensis, Ribes magellanicum and B. microphylla. Infusions also constituted important local functional foods. Conclusions: This survey highlights the importance of studying the different local functional foods to depict the biocultural diversity of a human society. The preparation of different beverages and herbal medicines was relevant, and would be a promising subject to investigate in the future. The living heritage of PEFF appears to have undergone hybridization processes, such that exotic species play an increasingly significant role. Fil: Chamorro, Melina Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
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- 2020
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29. Colheita de pinhões da Pewen (Araucaria araucana): uma situação significativa que liga as crianças Mapuche à Natureza
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Ana Haydee Ladio and Antonela Canale
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Dado que a conservação ambiental dependerá das gerações jovens, considerar seus conhecimentos e formas de se conectar com a natureza é substancial. Uma abordagem inicial é analisar as situações naturais significativas (SNS) que geram conexões “humano-natureza”. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram investigar o conhecimento que as crianças de uma comunidade mapuche têm sobre a coleta de Pewen, analisar seu papel como uma experiência natural significativa (SNS) e verificar se promove conexões “humano-natureza”. Utilizando o referencial do método ACHUNAS, e com base na análise de desenhos e entrevistas de 8 meninos e 11 meninas, foram identificadas 9 qualidades que tornam a coleta de pinhões um SNS e 7 habilidades das crianças que indicam sua conexão com a natureza. Foram detectadas práticas que favorecem a regeneração de Pewen, que estariam caindo em desuso. Esses resultados, somados ao estado crítico de conservação de Pewen e sua importância cultural para as comunidades mapuches, mostram a necessidade de trabalhar com crianças, promovendo práticas sustentáveis de coleta. No futuro, será útil incluir o conhecimento de mais crianças para cobrir todas as qualidades associadas ao SNS e as habilidades que manifestam sua conexão com a natureza, para desenvolver atividades significativas de educação ambiental para esses jovens. more...
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- 2020
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30. AMPLIACIÓN DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN ACTUAL DEL HUILLÍN (LONTRA PROVOCAX) EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL NAHUEL HUAPI, DESDE UNA APROXIMACIÓN ETNOZOOLÓGICA
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Pozzi, Carla, Ladio, Ana Haydeé, Hlace, Marcos, Rodríguez, Antonio, Vereertbrugghen, Tomas, and CONICET
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etnobiologia ,coproducción del conocimiento ,distribución geográfica ,especie en peligro de extinción ,nutria ,Patagonia - Abstract
El huillín Lontra provocax es una nutria que se encuentra en peligro de extinción. Reportamos su presencia en el lago Fonck (Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi), un área de extinción previa o inexistencia. La evidencia empírica se basó en registros fotográficos y audiovisuales obtenidos por guías de pesca y pescadores. Es el primer registro de huillín, en el área, desde que se iniciaron los estudios a principios de los años 80. La ampliación de su distribución brinda nueva información para los esfuerzos hacia su conservación. Este trabajo muestra la importancia del diálogo de saberes entre actores locales para la conservación del huillín more...
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- 2022
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31. Best practice in research: Consensus Statement on Ethnopharmacological Field Studies – ConSEFS
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Gary I. Stafford, Merlin Willcox, Wendy Applequist, Ana Haydee Ladio, Chun Lin Long, Michael Heinrich, Caroline S. Weckerle, Andreas Lardos, Pulok Mukherjee, and Marco Leonti
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,Knowledge management ,Best practice ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Otras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente ,TRADITIONAL MEDICINE ,Alternative medicine ,01 natural sciences ,Field (computer science) ,Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https] ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Discovery ,Field research ,Humans ,Medicine ,Quality (business) ,CONSORT (ADAPTION) ,media_common ,ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL FIELD STUDIES ,Pharmacology ,Statement (computer science) ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Research ,Checklist ,0104 chemical sciences ,Test (assessment) ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,HISTORICAL STUDIES ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Ethnopharmacology ,MEDICINAL PLANTS ,business ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Background: Ethnopharmacological research aims at gathering information on local and traditional uses of plants and other natural substances. However, the approaches used and the methods employed vary, and while such a variability is desirable in terms of scientific diversity, research must adhere to well defined quality standards and reproducible methods. Objectives: With ConSEFS (the Consensus Statement on Ethnopharmacological Field Studies) we want to define best-practice in developing, conducting and reporting field studies focusing on local and traditional uses of medicinal and food plants, including studies using a historical approach. Methods: After first developing an initial draft the core group invited community-wide feedback from researchers both through a web-based consultation and a series of workshops at conferences during 2017. Outcomes:The consultation resulted in a large number of responses. Feedback was received via a weblink on the Journal of Ethnopharmacology´s website (ca. 100 responses), other oral and written responses (ca. 50) and discussions with stakeholders at four conferences. The main outcome is a checklist, covering best practice for designing, implementing and recording ethnopharmacological field studies and historical studies. Conclusions: Prior to starting ethnopharmacological field research, it is essential that the authors are fully aware of the best practice in the field. For the first time in the field of ethnopharmacology a community-wide document defines guidelines for best practice on how to conduct and report such studies. It will need to be updated and further developed. While the feedback has been based on responses by many experienced researchers, there is a need to test it in practice by using it both in implementing and reporting field studies (or historical studies), and peer-review. Fil: Heinrich, Michael. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Lardos, Andreas. No especifíca; Fil: Leonti, Marco. Università Degli Studi Di Cagliari.; Italia Fil: Weckerle, Caroline. Universitat Zurich; Suiza Fil: Willcox, Merlin. University of Southampton; Reino Unido Fil: Applequist, Wendy. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Lin Long, Chun. Minzu University Of China; China Fil: Mukherjee, Pulok. Jadavpur University; India Fil: Stafford, Gary. Stellenbosch University; Sudáfrica more...
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- 2018
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32. Recordando a Eddy Rapoport (3/07/1927-15/05/2017)
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Ana Haydee Ladio
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lcsh:GE1-350 ,Ecology ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,lcsh:Ecology ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
En la medida en que un obituario representa un recorrido sobre el significado de la vida de alguien que fallecio recientemente, el de Eduardo H. Rapoport (“Eddy”) deberia ser una especie de espiral ascendente o un calidoscopio colorido. Su legado nunca sera recordado por convenciones rigidas o lineales. Evocar a Eddy es pensar en su genialidad y en sus asombros de nino. En su gran sentido del humor y en su libretita (siempre en el bolsillo) en donde anotaba datos peculiares y “tarzanismos” (mezcla de dos o mas expresiones populares tales como “no por mucho madrugar, Dios lo ayuda”). Recordarlo es rememorar su estilo trasgresor; Eddy se negaba a pensar la ciencia en una forma convencional, y eso lo convirtio en un ser trascendente. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.17.27.3.0.691 more...
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- 2017
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33. A biocultural approach to firewood scarcity in rural communities inhabiting arid environments in Patagonia (Argentina)
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Daniela Vanesa Morales, Ana Haydee Ladio, and Soledad Molares
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Ecology ,Agroforestry ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Forestry ,Plant Science ,Firewood ,Arid ,Ciencias Biológicas ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Scarcity ,SELFSUFFICIENCY ,SUSTAINABILITY ,Geography ,Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,FIREWOOD PLANTATIONS ,INTERCULTURAL RESPONSE ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,media_common - Abstract
From an ecological perspective the use of firewood species implies chronic pressure on wood vegetation, but from a biocultural point of view the implications are more systemic and complex. The objective of this work was to make a comprehensive analysis of the biocultural characteristics of firewood plants used by two rural communities in arid Patagonia, considering their cultural attributes, value as fuel and ecological persistence traits against continuous extraction. The study was carried out with 33 participants, and ethnobotanical information was collected on the use, preferences and attributes of species used, together with ecological information obtained from a bibliographical review. Of the 28 firewood species registered, 12 stood out as being preferred for firewood use. Native plants (66.6%) were generally preferred to exotic species (33.3%). Several ecological features of the preferred plants were noted, such as vegetative regeneration (43%), high geographical distribution (36%) and nitrogen fixation (18%). Most of these species also present a high level of utilitarian versatility, and are therefore multipurpose resources. These characteristics, of both ecological and cultural importance, should be key criteria for the selection of species for forestry programmes related to the development of firewood plantations. Fil: Morales, Daniela Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Molares, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
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- 2017
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34. Las aves en el patrimonio biocultural de los crianceros rurales del centro-norte de la Patagonia, Argentina
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Castillo, Lucía and Ladio, Ana
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Choique ,Darwin’s Rhea ,Zooterapia ,Conocimiento ornitológico tradicional ,Utilitarian versatility ,Versatilidad utilitaria ,Traditional ornithological ,Food ,Zootherapy ,Rhea pennata ,Omens ,Ethno-ornithology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Etno-ornitología ,agüeros ,Alimento ,knowledge - Abstract
Los habitantes de la meseta patagónica de la provincia de Chubut, Argentina, han basado su supervivencia en múltiples estrategias, generando diversos vínculos vitales y recíprocos con la fauna. Con el tiempo, muchas de estas familias mapuches, tehuelches y criollas han construido una identidad criancera que se crea y recrea en el presente. Habitan en establecimientos ganaderos de pequeña escala y poseen pequeñas majadas de ovinos y caprinos. Numerosas manifestaciones de su acervo biocultural pueden ser visibilizadas como patrimonio etnozoológico local, como lo son los múltiples conocimientos y expresiones culturales acerca de las aves. Se realizaron entrevistas abiertas y en profundidad a 20 crianceros de Sierra Rosada, Sierra Ventana y El Escorial. Parte del patrimonio biocultural ornitológico relevado refiere a 15 especies de aves silvestres y 1 domesticada, distinguiéndose una variedad de roles de índole material-simbólico, que incluye la obtención de distintas partes del cuerpo para ser usadas como alimento, medicina, elementos domésticos y adornos, siendo el Choique (Rhea pennata) la especie más versátil. Además, se destacan 11 especies anunciadoras de cambios en el clima o eventos sociales en la vida pastoril. En el patrimonio ornitológico local se evidencian imperativos éticos de alto valor para la conservación biocultural, por lo cual su valoración y difusión es esencial frente a los drásticos cambios ambientales y socio-culturales que experimenta la región. The inhabitants of the Patagonia plateau (Chubut Province, Argentina) have based their survival on multiple strategies generating different vital and reciprocal links with wildlife. Over time, many of these mapuche, tehuelche and creole families have built a “criancera” identity that remains vivid until the present. They live in small scale livestock farms and have small numbers of sheep and goats. Manifestations of their biocultural heritage may be visible as local etnozoological heritage which are the multiple knowledge and cultural expressions about birds. We conducted open and in-depth interviews with 20 stockbreeders of Sierra Colorada, Sierra Ventana and El Escorial. The local ornithological biocultural heritage refers to 15 wild bird species and 1 domesticated, distinguishing different uses of material-symbolic nature, including the procurement of various parts of the body for food, medicine, domestics items and ornaments, being the Darwin’s Rhea (Rhea pennata) the most versatile. In addition, 11 species announcing climatic changes or social events in pastoral life are highlighted. In the local ornithological heritage are evident ethical imperatives of high-value bio-cultural conservation, therefore their assessment and diffusion is essential in the face of the drastic environmental and socio-cultural changes experienced by the region. more...
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- 2017
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35. Ethnobiology and research on Global Environmental Change: what distinctive contribution can we make?
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Ana Haydee Ladio
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Sociology of scientific knowledge ,Intercultural dialogue ,Ecology ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Vulnerability ,Environmental ethics ,Plant Science ,Ciencias Biológicas ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ethnobiology ,Knowledge-based systems ,Geography ,Anthropology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Social science ,Traditional knowledge ,Local level ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Set (psychology) ,Empirical evidence ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Several reports have shown that communities of small farmers are the most vulnerable to global environmental change (GEC). Others have revealed that societies which can count on a rich body of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) are more resilient in facing this challenge, since their behaviour is already adaptive in character. Within this scenario, the IPCC establishes the need for “cross fertilisation” between TEK and scientific knowledge (SK). But how can we arrive at interpretative agreements when these two knowledge systems are so different? In this review I analyse the substantial role ethnobiology can play in providing empirical evidence on this subject in Latin America. The characteristics of our discipline offer differential advantages: 1) because we are actually there, our interpretation of vulnerability and adaptation arise from experiences shared with people who have a long term interconnection with their environment, and not from abstract indices created in offices; 2) because we work on a community scale, at a local level, and the most appropriate approach in search of solutions should be bottom-up and not top-down; 3) because we are academically trained as interlocutors, and 4) because our approach is rooted in a vision of the landscape as a cultural construction. Ethnobiologists must come to operational agreements on how to deal with GEC, and set down guidelines for a reconciliatory dialogue between SK and TEK, a process which should not be considered something easy or quick, but a long-term process which is just in its infancy. Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
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- 2017
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36. Mammals and birds as ethno-indicators of change: their importance to livestock farmers in Arid Patagonia (Argentina)
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Lucía Daniela Castillo and Ana Haydee Ladio
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0106 biological sciences ,Economics and Econometrics ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,WEATHER PREDICTION ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,01 natural sciences ,ETHNO-ZOOLOGY ,Ciencias Biológicas ,Body of knowledge ,Traditional knowledge ,Socioeconomics ,Sociocultural evolution ,media_common ,Sustainable development ,SOCIOCULTURAL SIGNS ,Ecology ,business.industry ,BIOPHYSICAL SIGNS ,SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES ,Subsistence agriculture ,Arid ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Geography ,Desertification ,TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE ,Livestock ,business ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
This work focuses on the study of signs given to humans by domestic and wild vertebrates. These signs are interpreted culturally by settlers who live on the Central Patagonian Plateau and are taken into account in making decisions relating to their lives as subsistence livestock farmers. Open and in-depth interviews were carried out with 20 livestock farmers from 20 rural establishments of Sierra Rosada, Sierra Ventana and El Escorial. We found that locals? body of knowledge is pervaded by dynamic events in a dialectical, bidirectional process that sustains their traditional way of life. In local discourses, we have distinguished two types of signs: biophysical (e.g. variations in vegetation and climate) and sociocultural (changes in family conformation or in the community, announcement of visit, etc.). We describe 30 signs given by 18 animal ethno-indicators (15 wild and 3 domestic animals, 9 belonging to the class Mammalia and 9 to the class Aves). These signs are used to interpret the natural surroundings and predict both short- and long-term environmental and social processes of change. Amongst the main results, it was found that domestic animals are important principally as ethno-indicators of long-term biophysical changes, whereas wild animals are mainly important in marking short-term biophysical changes and as sociocultural indicators. Finally, the importance of traditional ecological knowledge is discussed with regard to perception, through signs given by domestic animals, of desertification processes such as drought and lack of food on the land. Fil: Castillo, Lucía Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
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- 2017
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37. The Relationship Between People and Lizards in Patagonia
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Juana del Carmen Aigo, Facundo Cabezas-Cartes, Ana Haydee Ladio, Jorgelina M. Boretto, and Nora R. Ibargüengoytía
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Biting ,Geography ,Work (electrical) ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Field (Bourdieu) ,Environmental ethics ,Preliminary analysis ,media_common - Abstract
Understanding how human beings perceive and interact with the local herpetofauna is fundamental for its conservation. In this chapter, we propose looking forward to the local ecological knowledge (LEK) of the Patagonian lizards, especially the “matuasto”. The preliminary analysis of ethnohistorical sources points out the relevant role of “matuastos” in the cosmologies of the original people from Patagonia, often considered as immortal, selfish and harmful beings. Field reports agree on the warning not to disturb these territorial lizards; otherwise, they would react aggressively with bites. The recorded stories account for frequent biting events on sheep. The local perception on “matuastos” as harmful beings would provoke an attitude of caution and rejection towards them. This work provides a first overview on the relationship of lizards and the people from Patagonia while constituting an initial step for future research. more...
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- 2020
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38. An interdisciplinary approach to perception of water quality for human consumption in a Mapuche community of arid Patagonia, Argentina
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Luis Beltran Epele, Daniela Vanesa Morales, Soledad Molares, Germán Luis Alday, Pedro Manzo, and Ana Haydee Ladio
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Environmental Engineering ,Resource (biology) ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Argentina ,Water supply ,010501 environmental sciences ,Consumption (sociology) ,ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS ,01 natural sciences ,Ciencias Biológicas ,Appropriation ,Rivers ,Water Supply ,Water Quality ,Environmental Chemistry ,Quality (business) ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Environmental planning ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,business.industry ,Pollution ,Arid ,INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE ,Geography ,LOCAL PERCEPTION ,Work (electrical) ,ETHNOLIMNOLOGY ,Odorants ,Water quality ,business ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Vital for human consumption, water is a scarce resource, particularly in the arid environments of Patagonia. In this study we analysed local perspectives and the use of different water sources, based on two case studies in rural communities of Mapuche and Creole ancestry inhabiting extra-Andean Patagonia in Chubut, Argentina. Water quality was evaluated using an ethnolimnological, interdisciplinary approach, taking into account local perspectives and scientific contributions. In addition, we analysed appropriation strategies, management and local organoleptic characteristics. The work was based on semi-structured interviews, tours guided by informants, and physicochemical and microbiological analysis of water sources. It was found that 92% of local inhabitants mainly used superficial and subterranean sources of water for consumption, among which stood out: river, streams, springs, wells, and boreholes. Differences were observed between local and scientific perspectives in terms of water quality (chemical and microbiological). Most water sources used by inhabitants presented water of deficient quality for human consumption (61%), whereas locals considered the water to be fresh, delicious, and transparent. Nevertheless, some points of agreement were found in terms of organoleptic characteristics (e.g., odour, colour) and physicochemical parameters in certain water sources. In general, locals do not recognise the deterioration of their water supply, but the importance of organoleptic characteristics in local perception should be highlighted. These aspects speak of a need to promote opportunities for dialogue, and implement effective health measures, taking local perspectives into account. Fil: Morales, Daniela Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Molares, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Epele, Luis Beltran. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Manzo, Pedro. Provincia de Chubut. Dirección Provincial de Área Programática Esquel. Departamento Zonal de Salud Ambiental; Argentina Fil: Alday, Germán Luis. Provincia de Chubut. Dirección Provincial de Área Programática Esquel. Departamento Zonal de Salud Ambiental; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2019
39. Editorial: Ecology and Evolution of Plants Under Domestication in the Neotropics
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Ana Haydee Ladio, Alejandro Casas, and Charles R. Clement
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Domesticação ,Ecology ,human selection ,lcsh:Evolution ,Tropical Americas ,Biology ,Cultivos indígenas ,genetic resources ,Genetic resources ,landscape domestication ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,Neotrópicos ,lcsh:QH359-425 ,Evolutionary ecology ,lcsh:Ecology ,Domestication ,origins of agriculture ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,human guided evolutionary processes - Published
- 2019
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40. Patagonian berries as native food and medicine
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Ana Haydee Ladio, Felipe Jiménez-Aspee, Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann, Cristina Theoduloz, and Publica
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Population ,Argentina ,Berry ,Ribes ,Ciencias Biológicas ,03 medical and health sciences ,Magnoliopsida ,0302 clinical medicine ,Aristotelia chilensis ,POLYPHENOLS ,Drug Discovery ,Botany ,Animals ,Humans ,Chile ,education ,Medicinal plants ,Ciencias de las Plantas, Botánica ,030304 developmental biology ,Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Plants, Medicinal ,biology ,NATIVE BERRIES ,TRADITIONAL USE ,biology.organism_classification ,PATAGONIA ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Ethnobotany ,Fruit ,Berberis ,BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS ,Medicine, Traditional ,Rubus ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Patagonia is the southernmost part of the South American continent including Chile and Argentina. Berries and wild fruits have been gathered by the native Patagonians as food and medicine for over 14,000 years. The economic potential of the native berries as health promoting and relevant sources of bioactive substances has become apparent with several studies in the last decades. Aim of study: This work aims to provide an insight into the ethnohistorical records of wild edible fruits from Patagonia starting with the archeobotanical studies to the contemporary use of the resources. The chemical and bioactivity studies on the native fruits are presented and discussed. Methodology: A search of electronic databases including Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SciFinder, as well as hand-search was carried out to perform an integrative review on the native Patagonian berries. Results: The use of native berries as food and medicine by the ancient hunter-gatherer societies can be traced back to the early occupation of Patagonia. The same species used in prehistoric times are still used as food by the contemporary population in this area. Chemical and bioactivity studies have reported remarkable activities in several of the native berries, including calafate (Berberis spp.), native strawberry (Fragaria chiloensis), currants (Ribes spp.), Patagonian raspberries (Rubus spp.) and maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) fruits. The increasing demand for maqui and calafate led to the selection of varieties for commercial production. The fruit constituents show strong antioxidant and inhibitory effect towards enzymes associated with metabolic syndrome, including α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase. Some berry constituents exert anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The phytochemicals identified include a wide array of phenolics of different structural skeletons. Changes in composition and bioactivity after simulated gastric and intestinal digestion, as well as colonic fermentation, have been reported in some Patagonian species. Conclusions: Patagonian berries are a relevant source of bioactive compounds with several health promoting properties. The long tradition of use and the interest of the population for their consumption has led to the development of some of this fruits as new potential crops. The ethnobotanical evidence shows a shared knowledge among the different indigenous communities on plant uses according to the local resources, and an integration of the ancient knowledge into the contemporary society. Other species are being investigated to get a more complete picture of the food and medicinal plants from Patagonia. Fil: Schmeda Hirschmann, Guillermo. Universidad de Talca; Chile Fil: Jiménez Aspee, Felipe. Universidad de Talca; Chile Fil: Theoduloz, Cristina. Universidad de Talca; Chile Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio de Ecotono; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2019
41. STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PERKUATAN GESER BALOK BETON BERTULANG DENGAN LEMBARAN CFRP YANG DIPASANG VERTIKAL
- Author
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MUHARMAN, LADIO
- Subjects
TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) - Abstract
Kerusakan yang terjadi pada struktur bangunan merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi, terutama kerusakan pada balok. Balok merupakan elemen struktur yang sangat penting pada bangunan. Keruntuhan yang terjadi pada balok pada umumnya diakibatkan oleh gaya geser, karena keruntuhan yang diakibatkan oleh gaya geser terjadi tiba-tiba karena beton bersifat getas (brittle). Penanganan yang dapat dilakukan salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan menggani tulangan geser pada balok dengan lembaran CFRP sehingga balok dapat menahan beban yang bekerja. Salah satu metoda yang digunakan untuk mengatasi kerusakan pada balok adalah dengan memberikan lembaran CFRP yang dipasang secara vertikal yang direkatkan pada sisi balok.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemasangan lembaran CFRP pada sisi balok terhadap kapasitas geser balok beton bertulang. Manfaat dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi dalam ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya menjadi rekomendasi untuk perkuatan struktur. Benda uji yang digunakan sebanyak 6 buah dengan variasi tulangan tarik dan terdapat 3 balok yang tidak menggunakan lemabarn CFRP (BCS-01S, BCS-02S, BCS-03S) dan 3 balok menggunakan pekuatan lembaran CFRP (BS-01CV, BS-02CV, BS-03CV) Berdasarakn hasil dari penelitian yang didapatkan, semakin besar nilai rasio tulangan yang diberian maka kekakuan pada benda uji juga semakin besar, tetapi semakin besar nilai rasio tulangan tarik yang dibesrikan tidak akan mempengaruh dari kapasitas geser suatu balok beton bertulang. Dari hasil pengujian, terjadi peningkatan kapasitas geser pada balok yang diberi perkuatan lembaran CFRP terhadap balok yang tanpa perkuatan lembaran CFRP. Balok BS-01CV mengalami peningkatan sebesar 30,496% terhadap balok BSC-01, balok BS-02CV sebesar 35,203% terhadap balok BCS-02, dan balok BS-03CV sebesar 28,705% terhadap balok BCS-03. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa lembarn CFRP berkontribusi dalam mengingkatkan kapasitas geser benda uji. Tetapi kontribusi lembaran CFRP ini masih belum tercapai secara sempurna karena pada saat pengujian terjadinya debonding antara lembaran CFRP dengan permukaaan beton, sehingga lembaran CFRP tersebut tidak dapat lagi berkontribusi dalam menahan gaya geser yang terjadi pada benda uji. Kata Kunci : Studi Eksperimental, Balok Beton Bertulang Tanpa Sengkang, Rasio Tulangan Tarik, Kapasitas Geser, Perkuatan Lembaran CFRP more...
- Published
- 2019
42. MUJERES RURALES EN EL SOSTENIMIENTO DE LA SOBERANÍA ALIMENTARIA Y LOS EQUÍVOCOS PATRIARCALES EN LOS ESTUDIOS ETNOBIOLOGICOS DEL NORTE DE LA PATAGONIA
- Author
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Ana Ladio
- Subjects
etnobiologia ,agricultura familiar ,ética del cuidado ,sesgos de género ,Mapuche ,Tehuelche - Abstract
A partir de la re-examinación de mis trabajos publicados, hago un repaso de los resultados y sus discursivas (éticas y émicas) en el tratamiento del rol de las mujeres en la vida rural, distinguiendo aquellos abordajes acordes con la perspectiva de género, así como también mis equívocos patriarcales. Estos son los desentendimientos producidos por el sesgo patriarcal que impidieron visibilizar a las mujeres en forma completa. La revisión se basó en estudios realizados en comunidades rurales minifundistas del Norte de la Patagonia (Argentina), principalmente de origen Mapuche y/o Mapuche-Tehuelche y que han abordado distintos temas vinculados a la soberanía alimentaria. La fuerte construcción social existente acerca de las mujeres “cuidadoras” ha atravesado todos los trabajos, hecho que hace necesario repesar esa construcción de sentido y reflexionar junto con las mujeres rurales y las investigadoras e investigadores. La invisibilización de mujeres y hombres, la sobre-generalización y la simplificación de resultados son equívocos que pueden servir de enseñanza para tener una mirada de género más sensible en el futuro. more...
- Published
- 2021
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43. Recent Reports on Ethnopharmacological and Ethnobotanical Studies of Valeriana carnosa Sm. (Valerianaceae)
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Nicolás Nagahama, Soledad Molares, Ana Haydee Ladio, Martinez, José, Munoz Acevedo, Amner, and Rai, Mahendra
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Valerianaceae ,BIOCOMPOUNDS ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,biology.organism_classification ,Rhizome ,law.invention ,Ciencias Biológicas ,PATAGONIA ,VALERIANA CARNOSA ,Genus ,law ,Ethnobotany ,Officinalis ,Pith ,Pharmacopoeia ,MEDICINAL PLANTS ,Valeriana carnosa ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Valeriana clarionifolia stands out as one of the principal elements in the indigenous pharmacopoeias of Patagonia, and its roots and rhizomes have been used since ancient times. According to diagnostic anatomical data provided by H. G. Bach et al., V. carnosa showed a primary pentarch aktinostele root, pith in the secondary structure and a rhizome with anomalous structure. With regard to the identification and collection of Valeriana carnosa and V. carnosa by Patagonian inhabitants, studies reveal levels of organoleptic differentiation between the two species, which are of great cultural and ethnopharmacological value. The name of the genus stems from the latin valere, “to be healthy”, a reference to the medicinal uses of its plants, particularly those associated with treating nervous conditions and hysteria. Research carried out on V. carnosa reveals the presence of active ingredients similar to those of V. officinalis, which is present in many pharmacopoeias for oral consumption as a sedative and sleep inducer for humans. Fil: Molares, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Nagahama, Nicolas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional.patagonia Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chubut; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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44. Patagonian Berries
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Soledad Molares, Ana Haydee Ladio, and Melina Fernanda Chamorro
- Subjects
Cultural heritage ,Ethnobiology ,Nutraceutical ,Geography ,Cultivated plant taxonomy ,Rural dwellers ,Agroforestry ,Ethnobotany ,Introduced species ,Cultural significance - Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the 10 native species of Patagonian berries which hold the most cultural significance, identifying local practices and their history. The INIBIOMA Ethnobiology group has been studying the use of wild and cultivated plants in the Patagonian region for many years, conducting field work in different enclaves there, and also drawing up bibliographical databases of sources relating to different social and biological disciplines. Preliminary studies carried out in rural communities of Chubut province show that rural dwellers are selective in the gathering process used for B. microphylla, they prefer certain individual plants to others, and prefer to pick the larger, darker berries. Ethnobotanical studies carried out in Mapuche communities reveal a marked overlap between edible and medicinal species. Ethnographic information examined and the interest shown by ethnopharmacological research in certain species, highlight the resources which display the most potential. more...
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- 2019
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45. Ecology and Evolution of Plants under Domestication in the Neotropics
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Charles R. Clement, Alejandro Casas, and Ana Haydee Ladio
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Ecology ,Genetic resources ,Evolutionary ecology ,Biology ,Domestication - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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46. Patagonian berries: An ethnobotanical approach to exploration of their nutraceutical potential
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Chamorro, Melina Fernanda, Ladio, Ana Haydee, Molares, Soledad, Martinez, José, Munoz Acevedo, Amner, and Rai, Mahendra
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Ciencias Biológicas ,CIENCIAS SOCIALES ,Otras Ciencias Sociales ,EDIBLE FRUITS ,CULTURAL HERITAGE ,MAPUCHE-TEHUELCHE ,Ciencias de las Plantas, Botánica ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Ciencias Sociales Interdisciplinarias - Abstract
Inhabitants of rural communities in Argentine-Chilean Patagonia are mainly of Mapuche-Tehuelche origin, while others have Creole ancestry and/or are descendants of different waves of settlers who arrived in the región more than a century ago. The vast Patagonian territory is characterised by its great environmental diversity, including mountainous regions, steppe, forests and ecotones, which have provided inhabitants with subsistence resources since ancient time. Even today, despite the marked increase experienced in urbanisation and markets, inhabitants of rural Patagonia continue to make use of the different ecological environments, and have therefore accumulated extensive knowledge of their plant surroundings. The close relationship they have established with plants is particularly evident when considering the species used by local families to treat illness and provide food. Native fruits have been much used by local populations as part of their diet, according to archaeological and recent records. In this work, we are particularly interested in the berries which are native to this región. Fil: Chamorro, Melina Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Molares, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina more...
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- 2019
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47. Una aproximación etnobotánica al uso y la conservación de leña en comunidades rurales de estepa
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Morales, Daniela Vanesa, Molares, Soledad, and Ladio, Ana Haydee
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purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ciencias Biológicas ,CIENCIAS SOCIALES ,PLANTACIONES ENERGÉTICAS ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https] ,Otras Ciencias Sociales ,purl.org/becyt/ford/5.9 [https] ,SUBSISTENCIA ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,INTERCULTURALIDAD ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Ciencias Sociales Interdisciplinarias ,Conservación de la Biodiversidad - Abstract
El propósito de este trabajo es dar a conocer aspectos generales del conocimiento botánico local asociado al uso de leña, su manejo y conservación en las poblaciones rurales de Costa del Lepá y Gualjaina (Chubut). La información fue obtenida a partir de entrevistas y técnicas participativas. Los resultados señalan una riqueza de 30 especies combustibles, siendo en su gran mayoría especies nativas. Por su parte, estas especies utilizadas como combustibles también manifestaron algunas ventajas ecológicas que podrían favorecer la atenuación de daños ambientales asociados a la continua extracción de leña. El conocimiento local relevado en este estudio resulta fundamental para la supervivencia de estas comunidades, como así también podría ser útil para la selección de especies combustibles en los programas forestales con fines energéticos de zonas áridas de la Región patagónica. Se promueve la integración de los saberes locales y académicos como herramienta clave para el diseño de estrategias de manejo y conservación asociadas al recurso leñatero. Fil: Morales, Daniela Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Molares, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2019
48. Paramela (Adesmia boronioides Hook. f.): From Popular Uses to Commercialization
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Silvia Beatriz González, Fresia Melina Silva Sofrás, Bruno Gastaldi, and Ana Haydee Ladio
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Hook ,Agroforestry ,Adesmia boronioides ,Biology ,Commercialization - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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49. Paramela (Adesmia boronioides Hook.f.): From Popular Uses to Commercialization
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González, Silvia B., Ladio, Ana H., Gastaldi, Bruno, Silva Sofrás, Fresia Melina, Mazzoni, Ariel, and Sánchez, Gustavo
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Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud ,Paramela ,Adesmia Boroniodes ,Ciencias Agrarias ,Aceites Esenciales - Abstract
Fil: González, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco sede Esquel, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Ruta 259 km 4, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina. Fil: Ladio, Ana. Grupo de Etnobiología. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente CONICET. Argentina. Fil: Gastaldi, Bruno. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco sede Esquel, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Ruta 259 km 4, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina. Fil: Silva Sofrás, Fresia Melina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco sede Esquel. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Ruta 259 km 4, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina. Fil: Mazzoni, Ariel. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Fil: Sánchez, Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Tecnicatura en Viveros. Río Negro, Argentina. Paramela (Adesmia boronioides Hook. f.) is a species with a long history of use among the native societies which inhabited in the past and inhabit today the Argentinean-Chilean Patagonia. Due to its cultural and symbolic value, it stands out as part of the biocultural heritage of the region. It is part of the knowledge and practices related mainly with the health and subsistence of Mapuche and Tehuelche communities since prehispanic times (Molares & Ladio, 2009a; Ciampagna & Caparelli, 2012). It is a species used for human consumption as medicine (Martínez-Crovetto, 1980; Campos et al. 1997; Montes & Milkomirsky, 2001) as well as ornamental and melliferous (Forcone & Muñoz, 2009; Green & Ferreyra, 2011). Recently, it has raised an increasing commercial interest given its exceptional conditions and potentialities, specially due to its fragrant odor (Montes & Peltz, 1963; Bandoni et al., 2000). There is a clear distinction in views between rural areas where paramela is mainly used as a medicinal infusion, and urban areas where it is used as ornament and / or as an aromatic ingredient for the preparation of an alcoholic beverage. Since 2005, its essential oil has been used as a supply for the perfume industry. This native plant of the Patagonian region inhabits low irrigation sites, is of slow growth, and its culture is of interest (Contardi et al., 2016, a, b). So far it is almost exclusively found in its natural state (Barthelemy et al., 2008). However, in a great part of the rural communities, mainly those of Mapuche-Tehuelche ascendance, the paramela is protected in family orchards either because it is tolerated and cared for with the rest of the plants or because it has been transplanted to these spaces, thus being possible to place it in an incipient domestication process (Ladio & Morales, 2017). A successful and sustained development of products from native plants requires a domestication process of the species, starting from an improvement of the raw materials and allowing a standardization in the active principles’ contents. Obtaining homogenous genetic material and quality plants is crucial for its production, processing and usage. Reproduction studies made from A. boronioides seeds, allowed for the development of the species propagation protocols and the production of plants in greenhouses (González et al., 2009; Sánchez et al., 2012; y Mazzoni et al., 2013). Since 2015, an experimental culture in the Andean region of the Argentinean Patagonia allows for the evaluation of the productivity and quality of the cultivated plant’s essential oil in relation to the wild population. more...
- Published
- 2018
50. Audio and Video Recording Techniques for Ethnobiological Research
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Simone de Hek, Ana Haydee Ladio, Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino, Lucena, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de, Cunha, Luiz Vital Fernandes Cruz da, and Alves, Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega
- Subjects
Ciencias Biológicas ,Video recording ,ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ,Multimedia ,Computer science ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,PARTICIPATORY VIDEO ,Participatory video ,MINIMAL VIDEO TECHNIQUES ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,VIDEO ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to foster enthusiasm and provide basic knowledge and guidelines for making theuse of audio and especially video recording techniques an integral part of ethnobiological research. Fil: de Hek, Simone. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Ladio, Ana Haydee. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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