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Quantum critical points (QCPs) are widely accepted as a source of a diverse set of collective quantum phases of matter. A central question is how the order parameters of phases near a QCP interact and determine the fundamental character of the critical dynamics which drive the quantum critical behavior. One of the most interesting proposals for the quantum critical behavior that occurs in correlated electron systems is that the behavior may arise from local, as opposed to long wavelength, critical fluctuations of the order parameter. The local criticality is believed to give rise to energy over temperature ($E/T$) scaling of the dynamic susceptibility with a fractional exponent near the quantum critical point (QCP). Here we show that $E/T$ scaling is indeed observed for CeCu$_{6-x}$Ag$_x$ but on closer inspection, the fluctuations can be separated into two components, implying that multiple order parameters play an important role in the unconventional critical behavior. Additionally, when the fluctuations corresponding to the magnetically ordered side of the phase diagram are separated, they are found to be three dimensional and to obey the scaling behavior expected for long wavelength fluctuations near an itinerant antiferromagnetic QCP., 12 pages, 11 figures

In their recent paper [S\"oderlind, P. et al., Sci. Rep. 5, 15958 (2015)], S\"oderlind et al. discuss two subjects from a theoretical point of view: the phonon spectra and the possible magnetic structure of {\delta}-plutonium (Pu). Here, we comment on the second subject. S\"oderlind et al. compare the Pu magnetic form factor F(Q) calculated via density functional theory (DFT) with measurements of F(Q) by neutron spectroscopy [Janoschek, M. et al., Sci. Adv. 1, e1500188 (2015)]. In particular, this comparison does not consider a number of experimental facts established in the neutron spectroscopy study., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure

In their recent paper [S��derlind, P. et al., Sci. Rep. 5, 15958 (2015)], S��derlind et al. discuss two subjects from a theoretical point of view: the phonon spectra and the possible magnetic structure of ��-plutonium (Pu). Here, we comment on the second subject. S��derlind et al. compare the Pu magnetic form factor F(Q) calculated via density functional theory (DFT) with measurements of F(Q) by neutron spectroscopy [Janoschek, M. et al., Sci. Adv. 1, e1500188 (2015)]. In particular, this comparison does not consider a number of experimental facts established in the neutron spectroscopy study., 5 pages, 1 figure

To estimate temporal changes in the prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes in youth and to explore factors associated with its occurrence.

We report inelastic neutron scattering experiments on a single crystal of the intermediate valence compound CePd3. At 300 K the magnetic scattering is quasielastic, with halfwidth of 23 meV, and is independent of momentum transfer Q. At low temperature, the Q-averaged magnetic spectrum is inelastic, exhibiting a broad peak centered near Emax = 55 meV. These results, together with the temperature dependence of the susceptibility, 4f occupation number, and specific heat, can be fit by the Kondo/Anderson impurity model. The low temperature scattering near Emax, however, shows significant variations with Q, reflecting the coherence of the 4f lattice. The intensity is maximal at (1/2, 1/2,0), intermediate at (1/2,0,0) and (0,0,0), and weak at (1/2,1/2,1/2). We discuss this Q-dependence in terms of current ideas about coherence in heavy fermion systems., Comment: 8 figures

OBJECTIVE To test the novel hypothesis that nutritional factors previously associated with type 1 diabetes etiology or with insulin secretion are prospectively associated with fasting C-peptide (FCP) concentration among youth recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether etiologic diabetes type is associated with the degree of albuminuria in children with diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSSEARCH is an observational, longitudinal study of children with diabetes. Youth with newly diagnosed diabetes were classified according to diabetes autoantibody (DAA) status and presence of insulin resistance. We defined insulin resistance as an insulin sensitivity score

To forecast the number of U.S. individuals aged

The aim of this pilot study was to generate an initial estimate of the prevalence and correlates of diabetic retinopathy in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of youth with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

We report extensive measurements on a new compound (Yb0.24Sn0.76)Ru that crystallizes in the cubic CsCl structure. Valence band photoemission and L3 x-ray absorption show no divalent component in the 4f configuration of Yb. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) indicates that the eight-fold degenerate J-multiplet of Yb3+ is split by the crystalline electric field (CEF) into a {\Gamma}7 doublet ground state and a {\Gamma}8 quartet at an excitation energy 20 meV. The magnetic susceptibility can be fit very well by this CEF scheme under the assumption that a {\Gamma}6 excited state resides at 32 meV; however, the {\Gamma}8/{\Gamma}6 transition expected at 12 meV was not observed in the INS. The resistivity follows a Bloch- Gr\"uneisen law shunted by a parallel resistor, as is typical of systems subject to phonon scattering with no apparent magnetic scattering. All of these properties can be understood as representing simple local moment behavior of the trivalent Yb ion. At 1 K, there is a peak in specific heat that is too broad to represent a magnetic phase transition, consistent with absence of magnetic reflections in neutron diffraction. On the other hand, this peak also is too narrow to represent the Kondo effect in the {\Gamma}7 ground state doublet. On the basis of the field-dependence of the specific heat, we argue that antiferromagnetic shortrange order (possibly co-existing with Kondo physics) occurs at low temperatures. The long-range magnetic order is suppressed because the Yb site occupancy is below the percolation threshold for this disordered compound.

OBJECTIVE To describe an etiologic approach to classification of diabetes types in youth based on the 1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) framework, using data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Common variants in the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene have been associated with type 2 diabetes in adults. However, it is not known whether TCF7L2 variation increases the risk of early onset type 2 diabetes. Using a case–control design, we examined whether the reported variants [rs12255372 (T/G) and rs7903146 (T/C)] are associated with type 2 diabetes in SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study participants.

Magnetic susceptibility results for single crystals of the new cubic compounds UT$_2$Al$_{20}$ (T=Mn, V, and Mo) are reported. Magnetization, specific heat, resistivity, and neutron diffraction results for a single crystal and neutron diffraction and inelastic spectra for a powder sample are reported for UMn$_2$Al$_{20}$. For T = V and Mo, temperature independent Pauli paramagnetism is observed. For UMn$_2$Al$_{20}$, a ferromagnetic transition is observed in the magnetic susceptibility at $T_c$ = 20 K. The specific heat anomaly at $T_c$ is very weak while no anomaly in the resistivity is seen at $T_c$. We discuss two possible origins for this behavior of UMn$_2$Al$_{20}$: moderately small moment itinerant ferromagnetism, or induced local moment ferromagnetism., 5 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. rev. B

The past decade has witnessed a major global shift in thinking about water, including the role that water infrastructure plays in sustainable development. This rethinking aims to better balance the social, economic, and environmental performance aspects in the development and management of large dams. Additionally, it reinforces efforts to combat poverty by ensuring more equitable access to water and energy services. There is also growing appreciation of how broad-based policy reforms come into play and influence decisions around issues related to dams. Apart from democratization of the development process itself, it is increasingly recognized that infrastructure strategies must complement strategies for water, environment, and energy security; they must also address emerging concerns to reduce vulnerability in water resource systems due to the probability of climate change. Communication comes to the forefront in modern approaches to dam planning and management in several respects. Communication is central to multi-stakeholder dialogue and partnerships at all levels needed to achieve sustainability and governance reform in water resource management and infrastructure provision. At the same time, communication drives the advocacy to mobilize political will and public support for beneficial change and continuous improvement in practices. This case study emphasizes that it is important not only to mobilize all opportunities to reconcile water demand and supply in river basins facing increasing levels of water stress, but also to effectively integrate governance and anticorruption reforms and sustainability improvements into all stages of the planning and project cycle-adding value for all stakeholders, not just for some of them.

The dynamic susceptibility chi"(deltaE), measured by inelastic neutron scattering measurements, shows a broad peak centered at Emax = 16.5 meV for the cubic actinide compound URu2Zn20 and 7 meV at the (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) zone boundary for the rare earth counterpart compound YbFe2Zn20. For URu2Zn20, the low temperature susceptibility and magnetic specific heat coefficient gamma = Cmag/T take the values chi = 0.011 emu/mole and gamma = 190 mJ/mole-K2 at T = 2 K. These values are roughly three times smaller, and Emax is three times larger, than recently reported for the related compound UCo2Zn20, so that chi and gamma scale inversely with the characteristic energy for spin fluctuations, Tsf = Emax/kB. While chi(T), Cmag(T), and Emax of the 4f compound YbFe2Zn20 are very well described by the Kondo impurity model, we show that the model works poorly for URu2Zn20 and UCo2Zn20, suggesting that the scaling behavior of the actinide compounds arises from spin fluctuations of itinerant 5f electrons., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

We present a neutron scattering investigation of Ce1-xYxAl3 as a function of chemical pressure, which induces a transition from heavy-fermion behavior in CeAl3 (TK=5 K) to a mixed-valence state at x=0.5 (TK=150 K). The crossover can be modeled accurately on an absolute intensity scale by an increase in the k-f hybridization, Vkf, within the Anderson impurity model. Surprisingly, the principal effect of the increasing Vkf is not to broaden the low-energy components of the dynamic magnetic susceptibility but to transfer spectral weight to high energy., 4 pages, 5 figures

OBJECTIVE —To report the prevalence and incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among African American youth and to describe demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —Data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, a population-based, multicenter observational study of youth with clinically diagnosed diabetes aged 0–19 years, were used to estimate the prevalence for calendar year 2001 (692 cases) and incidence based on 748 African American case subjects diagnosed in 2002–2005. Characteristics of these youth were obtained during a research visit for 436 African American youth with type 1 diabetes and 212 African American youth with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS —Among African American youth aged 0–9 years, prevalence (per 1,000) of type 1 diabetes was 0.57 (95% CI 0.47–0.69) and for those aged 10–19 years 2.04 (1.85–2.26). Among African American youth aged 0–9 years, annual type 1 diabetes incidence (per 100,000) was 15.7 (13.7–17.9) and for those aged 10–19 years 15.7 (13.8–17.8). A1C was ≥9.5% among 50% of youth with type 1 diabetes aged ≥15 years. Across age-groups and sex, 44.7% of African American youth with type 1 diabetes were overweight or obese. Among African American youth aged 10–19 years, prevalence (per 1,000) of type 2 diabetes was 1.06 (0.93–1.22) and annual incidence (per 100,000) was 19.0 (16.9–21.3). About 60% of African American youth with type 2 diabetes had an annual household income of 90% were overweight or obese. CONCLUSIONS —Type 1 diabetes presents a serious burden among African American youth aged

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence, prevalence, and clinical characteristics of diabetes among U.S. non-Hispanic white (NHW) youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (SEARCH study), a multicenter study of diabetes among youth aged 0-19 years, were examined. Incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 person-years across 4 incident years (2002-2005), and prevalence in 2001 was calculated per 1,000 youths. Information obtained by questionnaire, physical examination, and blood and urine collection was analyzed to describe the characteristics of youth who completed an in-person visit. RESULTS: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes (at ages 0-19 years) was 2.00/1,000, which was similar for male (2.02/1,000) and female (1.97/1,000) subjects. The incidence of type 1 diabetes was 23.6/100,000, slightly higher for male compared with female subjects (24.5 vs. 22.7 per 100,000, respectively, P = 0.04). Incidence rates of type 1 diabetes among youth aged 0-14 years in the SEARCH study are higher than all previously reported U.S. studies and many European studies. Few cases of type 2 diabetes in youth aged 40% had elevated LDL cholesterol, and 10 years met current recommendations for intake of saturated fat. Among youth aged >or=15 years, 18% with type 1 and 26% with type 2 diabetes were current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The SEARCH study is one of the most comprehensive studies of diabetes in NHW youth. The incidence of type 1 diabetes in NHW youth in the U.S. is one of the highest in the world. While type 2 diabetes is still relatively rare, rates are several-fold higher than those reported by European countries. We believe efforts directed at improving the cardiometabolic and behavioral risk factor profiles in this population are warranted.

OBJECTIVE - Seasonal environment at birth may influence diabetes incidence in later life. We sought evidence for this effect in a large sample of diabetic youth residing in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— We compared the distribution of birth months within the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (SEARCH study) with the monthly distributions in U.S. births tabulated by race for years 1982-2005. SEARCH study participants (9,737 youth with type 1 diabetes and 1,749 with type 2 diabetes) were identified by six collaborating U.S. centers. RESULTS— Among type 1 diabetic youth, the percentage of observed to expected births differed across the months (P = 0.0092; decreased in October-February and increased in March―July). Their smoothed birth-month estimates demonstrated a deficit in November-February births and an excess in April-July births (smoothed May versus January relative risk [RR] = 1.06 [95% CI 1.02―1.11]). Stratifications by sex or by three racial groups showed similar patterns relating type 1 diabetes to month of birth. Stratification by geographic regions showed a peak-to-nadir RR of 1.10 [1.04-1.16] in study regions from the northern latitudes (Colorado, western Washington State, and southern Ohio) but no birth-month effect (P > 0.9) in study regions from more southern locations. Among type 2 diabetic youth, associations with birth month were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS— Spring births were associated with increased likelihood of type 1 diabetes but possibly not in all U.S. regions. Causal mechanisms may involve factors dependent on geographic latitude such as solar irradiance, but it is unknown whether they influence prenatal or early postnatal development.

OBJECTIVE —Given limited reports on diabetes among U.S. Asian and Pacific Islander youth, we describe the clinical characteristics, incidence, and prevalence of diabetes among Asian, Pacific Islander, and mixed Asian–Pacific Islander youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —Data were collected from 245 Asian, Pacific Islander, and Asian–Pacific Islander participants in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, a population-based study of diabetes in youth (aged 33 kg/m2. In those with type 1 diabetes, Pacific Islanders were more likely to be obese, with a mean BMI of 26 vs. 20 kg/m2 for Asian and Asian–Pacific Islander youth ( P < 0.0001). The incidence of type 1 diabetes for youth aged 0–9 years was 6.4 per 100,000 person-years and 7.4 per 100,000 person-years for youth aged 10–19 years. The incidence of type 2 diabetes was 12.1 per 100,000 person-years for youth aged 10–19 years. CONCLUSIONS —While Asian and Asian–Pacific Islanders with type 1 and type 2 diabetes had lower mean BMIs than Pacific Islanders, all Asian, Pacific Islander, and Asian–Pacific Islanders with type 2 diabetes had mean BMIs above adult ethnicity-specific definitions of obesity. While the majority of Asian, Pacific Islander, and Asian–Pacific Islander youth had type 1 diabetes, older Asian, Pacific Islander, and Asian–Pacific Islander youth (aged 10–19 years) have an incidence of type 2 diabetes almost double that of type 1 diabetes. Public health efforts to prevent type 2 diabetes and obesity in Asian, Pacific Islander, and Asian–Pacific Islander adolescents are needed.

Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a CePd3 single crystal show a magnetic response at 300 K that is independent of momentum transfer with a Lorentzian quasielastic energy spectrum with a half width of 23 meV. This is in agreement with the Anderson impurity model (AIM), that predicts local moment relaxational behavior in this temperature regime. The 7 K magnetic response has an inelastic Lorentzian spectrum, with characteristic energy of 53 meV and half width 32 meV at the (h, 1/2, 0) zone boundary. Such an inelastic spectrum is expected for the AIM at low temperature. Unlike the Q-independence of the impurity model, a variation of intensity with momentum transfer, including intensity maxima at the zone boundary, is observed in the data. However, this variation is only of order 20 percent, which is much smaller than that predicted by the Anderson lattice model (ALM). The large shifts in spectral weight expected for the ALM as Q varies from zone boundary to zone center are not observed in the experimental spectra., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

OBJECTIVE: To report the 2001 prevalence and 2002-2005 incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hispanic American youth and to describe the demographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics of these youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, a population-based multicenter observational study of youth aged 0-19 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes, were used to estimate the prevalence and incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Information obtained by questionnaire, physical examination, and blood and urine collection was analyzed to describe the characteristics of youth who completed a study visit. RESULTS: Among Hispanic American youth, type 1 diabetes was more prevalent than type 2 diabetes, including in youth aged 10-19 years. There were no significant sex differences in type 1 or type 2 diabetes prevalence. The incidence of type 2 diabetes for female subjects aged 10-14 years was twice that of male subjects (P < 0.005), while among youth aged 15-19 years the incidence of type 2 diabetes exceeded that of type 1 diabetes for female subjects (P < 0.05) but not for male subjects. Poor glycemic control, defined as A1C >or=9.5%, as well as high LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were common among youth aged >or=15 years with either type of diabetes. Forty-four percent of youth with type 1 diabetes were overweight or obese. CONCLUSIONS: Factors such as poor glycemic control, elevated lipids, and a high prevalence of overweight and obesity may put Hispanic youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes at risk for future diabetes-related complications.

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to examine age of diabetes diagnosis in youth who have a parent with diabetes by diabetes type and whether the parent's diabetes was diagnosed before or after the youth's birth.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The cohort comprised SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study participants (diabetes diagnosis 2001–2005) with a diabetic parent. SEARCH is a multicenter survey of youth with diabetes diagnosed before age 20 years.RESULTS—Youth with type 2 diabetes were more likely to have a parent with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes (mother 39.3%; father 21.2%) than youth with type 1 diabetes (5.3 and 6.7%, respectively, P < 0.001 for each). Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed 1.68 years earlier among those exposed to diabetes in utero (n = 174) than among those whose mothers’ diabetes was diagnosed later (P = 0.018, controlled for maternal diagnosis age, paternal diabetes, sex, and race/ethnicity). Age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for 269 youth with and without in utero exposure did not differ significantly (difference 0.96 year, P = 0.403 after adjustment). Controlled for the father's age of diagnosis, father's diabetes before the child's birth was not associated with age at diagnosis (P = 0.078 for type 1 diabetes; P = 0.140 for type 2 diabetes).CONCLUSIONS—Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed at younger ages among those exposed to hyperglycemia in utero. Among youth with type 1 diabetes, the effect of the intrauterine exposure was not significant when controlled for mother's age of diagnosis. This study helps explain why other studies have found higher age-specific rates of type 2 diabetes among offspring of women with diabetes.

The intermediate valence compounds Yb2M3Ga9 (M = Rh, Ir) exhibit an anisotropic magnetic susceptibility. We report measurements of the temperature dependence of the 4f occupation number, nf(T), for Yb2M3Ga9 as well as the magnetic inelastic neutron scattering spectrum Smag at 12 and 300 K for Yb2Rh3Ga9. Both nf(T) and Smag were calculated for the Anderson impurity model with crystal field terms within an approach based on the non-crossing approximation. These results corroborate the importance of crystal field effects in these materials; they also suggest that Anderson lattice effects are important to the physics of Yb2M3Ga9., 17 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B

We present neutron diffraction, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat data for a single-crystal sample of the cubic (Cu3Au structure) compound Pr3In. This compound is believed to have a singlet (Gamma1) groundstate and a low-lying triplet (Gamma4) excited state. In addition, nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic interactions are frustrated in this structure. Antiferromagnetic order occurs below T_N = 12K with propagation vector (0, 0, 0.5 +/-\delta) where \delta \approx 1/12. The neutron diffraction results can be approximated with the following model: ferromagnetic sheets from each of the three Pr sites alternate in sign along the propagation direction with a twelve-unit-cell square-wave modulation. The three moments of the unit cell of 1 \mu_B magnitude are aligned so as to sum to zero as expected for nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic interactions on a triangle. The magnetic susceptibility indicates that in addition to the antiferromagnetic transition at 12K, there is a transition near 70K below which there is a small (0.005 \mu_B) ferromagnetic moment. There is considerable field and sample dependence to these transitions. The specific heat data show almost no anomaly at TN = 12K. This may be a consequence of the induced moment in the Gamma1 singlet, but may also be a sample-dependent effect., Comment: 22 pages including 7 figures

We have measured the crystalline electric field (CEF) excitations of the CeMIn5 (M = Co, Rh, Ir) series of heavy fermion superconductors by means of inelastic neutron scattering. Fits to a CEF model reproduce the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and the high temperature magnetic susceptibility. The CEF parameters, energy level splittings, and wavefunctions are tabulated for each member of the CeMIn5 series and compared to each other as well as to the results of previous measurements. Our results indicate that the CEF level splitting in all three materials is similar, and can be thought of as being derived from the cubic parent compound CeIn3 in which an excited state quartet at ~12 meV is split into two doublets by the lower symmetry of the tetragonal environment of the CeMIn5 materials. In each case, the CEF excitations are observed as broad lines in the inelastic neutron scattering spectrum. We attribute this broadening to Kondo hybridization of the localized f moments with the conduction electrons. The evolution of the superconducting transition temperatures in the different members of CeMIn5 can then be understood as a direct consequence of the strength of this hybridization. Due to the importance of Kondo spin fluctuations in these materials, we also present calculations within the non-crossing approximation (NCA) to the Anderson impurity model including the effect of CEF level splitting for the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and the magnetic susceptibility., 30 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B

In this work, we study crystalline electric field effects in the heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn5. We observe two regions of broad magnetic response in the inelastic neutron scattering spectra at 10 K. The first corresponds to the transition between the gamma7 groundstate doublet and the first excited state doublet at 4 meV interwoven with a broad quasielastic contribution. The second region corresponds to the transition between the ground state and the second excited state doublet at 28 meV. The large Lorentzian half-widths of the peaks (~10 meV) calls into question calculations for the specific heat and magnetic susceptibility that assume sharp crystal field levels. Consequently, we have calculated the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and magnetic susceptibility using the Anderson impurity model within the non-crossing approximation (NCA) including the effects of crystal field level splitting., submitted to J. Neutron Research

YbAl3 is an intermediate valent compound with a large Kondo temperature T-K and moderately low conduction electron density. Because of this, YbAl3 is a prime candidate for the observation of effects caused by low conduction electron density, where coherence sets in below T-coh rather than T-K (T-coh much less than T-K). For the first time, we have directly observed the cross over between the energy scales by the application of a magnetic field above B* approximate to 40 T (approximate to k(B)T(coh)/mu(B)). We also observe a reduction in the effective masses above B* that is consistent with the energy scale crossover.

Neutron scattering results for the tetragonal compound CeRhIn5 give evidence for two crystal field (CF) excitations at 6.9 and 23.6 meV. The scattering can be fit assuming a set of CF parameters B$^{0}_{2}$ = -1.03 meV, B$^{0}_{4}$ = 0.044 meV and B$^{4}_{4}$ = 0.122 meV. To compare our results to previous work, we calculate the susceptibility and specific heat for this CF scheme, including a molecular field term $\lambda = $35 mol/emu to account for the Kondo effect. We also include a calculation based on these CF parameters that uses the non-crossing approximation to the Anderson model to estimate the effect of Kondo physics on the susceptibility, specific heat and neutron linewidths., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

We show for the intermediate valence compound YbAl$_{3}$ that the high field (40 $\lesssim B \lesssim$ 60T) effective masses measured by the de Haas-van Alphen experiment for field along the $$ direction are smaller by approximately a factor of two than the low field masses. The field $B^{*} \sim$ 40T for this reduction is much smaller than the Kondo field $B_{K} \sim k_{B}T_{K}/��_{B}$ ($T_{K}\sim$ 670K) but is comparable to the field $k_{B}T_{coh}/��_{B}$ where $T_{coh}\sim$ 40K is the temperature for the onset of Fermi liquid coherence. This suggests that the field scale $B^{*}$ does not arise from 4$f$ polarization but is connected with the removal of the anomalies that are known to occur in the Fermi liquid state of this compound., 7 pages plus 3 figures Submitted to PRL 9/12/02

We compare the results of measurements of the magnetic susceptibility Chi(T), the linear coefficient of specific heat Gamma(T)=C(T)/T and 4f occupation number nf(T) for the intermediate valence compounds YbXCu4 (X = Ag, Cd, In, Mg, Tl, Zn) to the predictions of the Anderson impurity model, calculated in the non-crossing approximation (NCA). The crossover from the low temperature Fermi liquid state to the high temperature local moment state is substantially slower in the compounds than predicted by the NCA; this corresponds to the ''protracted screening'' recently predicted for the Anderson Lattice. We present results for the dynamic susceptibility, measured through neutron scattering experiments, to show that the deviations between theory and experiment are not due to crystal field effects, and we present x-ray-absorption fine-structure (XAFS) results that show the local crystal structure around the X atoms is well ordered, so that the deviations probably do not arise from Kondo Disorder. The deviations may correlate with the background conduction electron density, as predicted for protracted screening., Submitted to Physical Review B on June 7, 2000, accepted for publication November 2, 2000. Changes to the original manuscript include: 1) a discussion of the relation of the slow crossover to the conduction electron density; 2) a discussion of the relation of the reported results to earlier photoemission results; and, 3) minor editorial changes

The past decade has witnessed major shift thinking about water, including how water infrastructure development strategies can help advance sustainable development and the global fight against poverty. This reflects, in part, greater attention now being paid to governance reforms promoting integrated water resource management (IWRM), the efficient and wise use of water, and expanding access to water and energy services. In addition, the increased emphasis on developing and implementing anti-corruption strategies increases confidence that water infrastructure can be developed efficiently and equitably. There is also growing appreciation of the strong linkages between water, environment and energy security and climate change - impacting on decisions about the development and management of water infrastructure, especially in water-stressed regions, and of the central role that public, private sector and civil society partnerships can play in encouraging innovation, tackling challenges, promoting transparency and accountability and creating synergy. Communication is the thread that links these concerns and underpins achievements in sustainability and governance reform in water. Not only to ensure that up-front strategic assessments mobilize all viable options to meet the challenges unique to each situation, but also to better integrate governance and anti-corruption reforms and sustainability into all stages of planning and the project cycle of infrastructure. Wider acceptance of multi-stakeholder dialogue is a trend which characterizes beneficial change. This LHWP is notable for its progressive learning approach as it moved through its implementation phases and is an example of the shift s that are occurring globally in approaches to dam planning and management as they have become more inclusive. It is also a key example of the critical importance of political will in tackling corruption in a large water infrastructure project.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the prevalence of diabetes in U.S. youth aged 190,000 (1 of 433) youth aged