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Supplemental material, Supplementary figure1 for Diagnosis and endovascular treatment of iliac venous compression syndrome by Hong-fei Sang, Jia-hong Li, Xiao-long Du, Weng-dong Li, Feng-rui Lei, Xiao-bin Yu, Li-wei Zhu, Cheng-long Li and Xiao-qiang Li in Phlebology

To achieve desirable plasma density control, supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) feedback control system has been developed on EAST tokamak recently. The performance of SMBI is compared with that of gas puffing feedback system. The performance of pulse width mode is better than that of pulse amplitude mode when gas puffing is used for density feedback control. In one-day experiment scenario, the variation of gas input and wall retention can be clarified into two stages. In the first stage the retention ratio is as high as 80%–90%, and the gas input is of about the order of 1022. However, in the second stage, the retention ratio is in a range of 50%–70%. The gas input of a single discharge is small and the net wall retention grows slowly. The result of SMBI feedback control experiment is also analyzed. The shorter delay time of SMBI makes it more quickly to feedback control the plasma density. Result shows that, compared with gas puffing, the gas input of SMBI decreaseds ～ 30% and the wall retention is reduced ～ 40%. This shows SMBI’s advantage for the long pulse high-density discharges in EAST.

Wall cleaning has been used popularly on tokamaks to reduce impurities and fuel recycling. Since 2008, the plasma facing components of EAST have been all of graphite. Due to the special crystal structure of graphite, high outgassing rate and strong absorption of hydrogen gas are induced. The wall cleaning is in particular important for the pre-treatment before the plasma operation of the machine. In this article, we introduce the wall conditioning system on EAST, and study the removal efficiency of device baking and glow discharge cleaning in different working gases and at different operating parameters. The long duration baking and GDC cleaning in EAST notably reduce the wall outgassing, and impurity radiation. After the cleanings, plasma is easily obtained, which is beneficial for the plasma physics experiment.

This paper firstly selects 10 kinds of indexes to reflect eco-environment background condition and builds the multi-subject spatial database by using ground meteorological data, remote sensing data and DEM. It then discusses in detail the methods about evaluating eco-environment background condition and analyzing eco-environment change. The eco-environment background conditions of 1989 and 1999 are synthetically appraised. Finally, the paper analyzes the spatial distribution, quantitative change, the trend of change, the areas of change and the dynamic spatial pattern of eco-environment. The results are as follows: (1) The eco-environment background condition becomes worse from southeast to northwest in the farming-pastoral region of northern China. (2) The eco-environment background condition deteriorates from 1989 to 1999. (3) In the adjacent areas of Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia-Gansu-Ningxia, Horqin Sandy Land and its peripheries, and eastern Qinghai province, eco-environmental deterioration is very serious.