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Casing pressure during well-killing is both an unknown variable that must be addressed and a time-dependent function. Therefore, the calculation of the dynamic reaction of wellbore pressure during well-killing is a dynamic indeterminate boundary problem. Due to the intricacy of the analytical solution technique, finding an analytical solution for the dynamic issue of uncertain boundaries is nearly impossible. Current numerical simulation software is only capable of resolving problems with defined bounds (such as flow or pressure) and is incapable of continuously calculating the wellbore pressure, which varies dynamically with well-killing time. Developing a dynamic reaction computation method for wellbore pressure during well-killing can solve this issue. Based on the mathematical model and definite solution conditions of the wellbore pressure dynamic response under well-killing conditions, this paper applies the finite difference principle and constructs the calculation method of choke and kill wellbore pressure dynamic response through reasonable mesh division of wellbore and gradual iteration of the calculation process. The resultsdemonstrate that the maximum wellhead casing pressure value and the time node of peak value are both highly congruent with the measured data, indicating the method’s high reliability and highlighting its significance for the progress of oil and gas well control safety.

Quality assurance (QA) tools are receiving more and more attention and are widely used by developers. Given the wide range of solutions for QA technology, it is still a question of evaluating QA tools. Most existing research is limited in the following ways: (i) They compare tools without considering scanning rules analysis. (ii) They disagree on the effectiveness of tools due to the study methodology and benchmark dataset. (iii) They do not separately analyze the role of the warnings. (iv) There is no large-scale study on the analysis of time performance. To address these problems, in the paper, we systematically select 6 free or open-source tools for a comprehensive study from a list of 148 existing Java QA tools. To carry out a comprehensive study and evaluate tools in multi-level dimensions, we first mapped the scanning rules to the CWE and analyze the coverage and granularity of the scanning rules. Then we conducted an experiment on 5 benchmarks, including 1,425 bugs, to investigate the effectiveness of these tools. Furthermore, we took substantial effort to investigate the effectiveness of warnings by comparing the real labeled bugs with the warnings and investigating their role in bug detection. Finally, we assessed these tools' time performance on 1,049 projects. The useful findings based on our comprehensive study can help developers improve their tools and provide users with suggestions for selecting QA tools., Comment: 11 pages, ISSTA-2023

Additional file 2. Figure S2: The full-length of original gels.

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Screening of TCM monomer. (A) Chemical structures of the top 25 TCM monomer. Fig. S2. A virtual screening strategy identified c-Jun inhibitors. Fig. S3. AIL inhibited melanoma cell progression in vitro. Fig. S4. AIL directly interacted with c-Jun and promoted its degradation. Fig. S5. AIL directly interacted with c-Jun and promoted its degradation (quantification of Fig. 3). Fig. S6. Improved anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-L1 mAb and AIL cotreatment in B16-F10 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. Fig. S7. AIL suppressed PD-L1 transcriptional expression through c-Jun. Fig. S8. AIL suppressed PD-L1 transcriptional expression through c-Jun (quantification of Fig. 5). Fig. S9. AIL blocked Treg differentiation through targeting c-Jun.

Additional file 1: Table S1. 114 TCM monomers. Table S2. The prediction performance of consensus SAR models basedon CATS, MACCS and MOE2D descriptors. TableS3. Predictive values of 25 hit compounds. Table S4. The ADMET properties of 6 hit compounds.

Meihong Yu,1,2 Kaixuan Li,3 Deliang Liu,1,2 Yuyong Tan1,2 1Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuyong TanDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-15116280621Fax +86-731-85533525Email tanyuyong@csu.edu.cnKaixuan LiDepartment of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-15580027242Email lkxxgz@csu.edu.cnPurpose: The studies on solitary gastric neurofibroma (GN) consist of only individual case reports, with little data and relevant information. We aimed to summarize the clinical features, endoscopic features, imaging findings, and pathological features and study the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment of solitary GN.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed clinical data of patients who underwent endoscopic treatment in Department of Gastroenterology of a well-known tertiary hospital from August 2007 to September 2019 and were accurately diagnosed as having solitary GN.Results: A total of 788 patients with gastric submucosal tumors underwent endoscopic treatment, among whom 11 patients were found to have solitary GNs. The incidence of solitary GNs was 1.4%. All 11 patients were treated with endoscopy. Five patients underwent endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) and six patients underwent endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE). The en bloc resection rate of the 11 lesions was 100.0%. The median endoscopic operation time was 80 minutes. Average length of hospital stay was 6.4 ± 1.6 days. The median follow-up time was 29 months. No recurrence, distant metastasis, or disease-related death occurred during the follow-up.Conclusion: EFTR and ESE can serve as feasible, safe, and effective treatments for solitary GN.Keywords: endoscopic full-thickness resection, endoscopic submucosal excavation, gastric, neurofibroma, solitary

Meihong Yu,1,2 Kaixuan Li,3 Shishuang Zhou,4 Hanyu Wang,1,2 Meixian Le,1,2 Chen Li,1,2 Deliang Liu,1,2 Yuyong Tan1,2 1Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Nursing Administration, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuyong TanDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-15116280621Fax +86-731-85533525Email tanyuyong@csu.edu.cnKaixuan LiDepartment of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 15580027242Email lkxxgz@csu.edu.cnPurpose: Sharp-pointed FBs with both sides embedded in the duodenal wall are rare. Compared with smooth edged FBs, sharp objects are more likely to be associated with significant adverse events, when penetrating the wall of the digestive tract. The clinical features of patients who experienced sharp-pointed FBs embedded in both sides of the duodenum were retrospectively analyzed, as were the efficacy and safety of endoscopic removal of these FBs.Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 21 adults with both sides of sharp-pointed FBs embedded into the duodenal wall who were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital in China between January 1, 1996, and May 31, 2021. Data associated with the endoscopic removal of these FBs were collected from the electronic medical record system (EMRS) of the hospital.Results: The incidence rate of duodenal total FBs and FBs embedded in both sides was 8.87% and 1.03%, respectively. The success rate of endoscopic treatment was 100.00% in 124 patients without embedded duodenal FBs and 97.14% in 35 patients with one side embedded duodenal FBs. Of the 21 patients with FBs embedded in both sides of the duodenal wall, endoscopic removal was successful in 85.71% of patients, whereas 14.29% required surgery. FBs removed from these patients included toothpicks in 12; needles in 3; jujube pits in 2; and a chopstick, dentures, fish bones, and chicken bones in one each. Most of these 21 FBs were located in the bulb and descending duodenum, followed by the third part of duodenum.Conclusion: Sharp-edged FBs with both sides embedded in the duodenal wall are rare. Endoscopic removal may be considered as a feasible, safe, and effective method of removing sharp-pointed FBs with both sides embedded in the duodenal wall. And if endoscopic removal is unsuccessful, surgical management can be a secondary option.Keywords: adult, duodenum, endoscopic removal, foreign bodies, surgical operation

In order to enable a robot to do the omni-directional mobility for inspection in the pipeline of Gas Insulation Switchgear, a negative pressure adsorption pipeline robot is designed. Firstly, the mechanical structure was designed for the omni-directional mobility based on the negative pressure adsorption. The internal surface motion model of the pipeline robot was built, and a variable adsorption control method was proposed by mechanical analysis. Simulations and experiments showed that the robot could steadily adsorb on any position of the pipeline, which validated the capability of omni-directional mobility for the designed robot. This robot can be used for inspection of the Gas Insulation Switchgear in electric power industry in the near future.

Photodynamic therapy is a new technology for disease diagnosis and treatment in modern medical clinics. The main advantages of photodynamic therapy are low toxicity and side effects, a wide range of applications, no drug resistance, and no obvious trauma in the treatment process. However, to achieve effective photodynamic therapy, new photosensitizer carriers need to be constructed, which can selectively deliver photosensitizers into tumor tissues. In this work, a photoactivatable antibody–Chlorin e6 conjugate with a dual-function to target tumor tissue and realize cancer photodynamic therapy is constructed. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that the antibody–Chlorin e6 conjugate has the ability to target tumors rapidly and efficiently, and has the ability to generate reactive oxygen species and kill tumor cells. Overall, this photoactivable antibody–Chlorin e6 conjugate may provide a promising strategy to address the current challenges of cancer photodynamic therapy.

The steel gate based on the principle of hydraulic lifting mechanism has been widely used in urban water ecological construction, but the retaining height of this kind of gate is mostly l-5m at present. With the development of water conservancy engineering and the deepening of the application research of steel gate, the retaining height gradually grows to 6-8m. However, at present, there are few researches on hydraulic lifting mechanism in the case of large retaining height. In this paper, Inventor is used to firstly establish three-dimensional visual entity models of the direct push type, Booster type and Maleli type hydraulic lifting mechanism. Then, the changing rules and relations among hydraulic cylinder diameter, stroke and stability safety factor of the three hydraulic lifting mechanisms are calculated and analyzed by changing the constraint conditions in the case of large retaining height (4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m) and different opening and closing angles. It is aimed at providing a scientific basis for the optimization of hydraulic lifting mechanism of steel gate under the condition of large retaining height.

Cage-type flexible retaining wall is a new type of anti-seepage structure with broad market prospects due to its low cost and convenient installation. In order to study the working behavior of flexible cage-type retaining wall in flood control during the flood season, a three-dimensional finite element model of the structure was established, and the stress and deformation characteristics of the structure were analyzed. The results show that the maximum tensile stress is 17.1MPa, the maximum compressive stress is 12.6MPa, and the maximum structural deformation is 0.35mm, which are less than the allowable value, meaning the stress and deformation of the structure can meet the requirements of engineering construction. The reliability of the structure is verified by the full-scale model water retaining test. The vertical flow frame on the backwater side is a relatively weak part of the structure. When designing the structure, the cross-sectional dimensions of the vertical flow frame on the upstream side and the downstream flow frame can be reduced appropriately, while the cross-sectional dimensions of the vertical flow frame on the backwater side can be increased appropriately, so as to give better play to the material characteristics and save project cost.

Sub-embankment and geo-bag embankment had been adopted to increase the retaining height in flood control. However, these methods have taken up a lot of manpower and material resources, because of shortage of time, poor soil supplement and inconvenient construction procedures, which limited the scope of application. Cage type retaining wall has the advantages of quick and convenient installation, strong mobility, low cost and easy disassembly during the flood season. The stability of cage type retaining wall is the core issue in engineering application. In this paper, the stability of retaining wall is calculated with various lengths of geomembrane which is laid in the upstream. The results show that stability safety factors of the structure are1.28, 1.58, 1.74 and 1.9 when the lengths of geomembrane are 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 respectively, which could meet the engineering requirements. Besides, application notices are also discussed in this paper.