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Objective(s): To illuminate the functional effects of allicin on rats with cognitive deficits induced by tunicamycin (TM) and the molecular mechanism of this process. Materials and Methods: 200–250 g male SD rats were divided into three groups at random: control group (n=12), TM group (5 μl, 50 μM, i.c.v, n=12), and allicin treatment group (180 mg/kg/d with chow diet, n=12). After 16 weeks of allicin treatment, the learning ability and memory were tested using novel object recognition (NOR) testing on rats with 72 hr TM treatment (5 μl, 50 μM, i.c.v); meanwhile, the variation of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) in the Schaffer Collateral (SC)-CA1 synapse was detected by extracellular electrophysiological recordings and the morphology of dendritic spine was observed by Golgi staining as well as detecting several synaptic plasticity-related proteins by Western blot. Results: The density of dendritic spine was increased significantly in allicin-treated groups and the correspondence slope of fEPSP in TM-induced cognitive deficits group was enhanced and expression of synaptophysin and glutamate receptor-1(GluR1) in hippocampal neurons was up-regulated. Conclusion: The results indicate that allicin plays an important role in synaptic plasticity regulation. These finding showed that allicin could be used as a pharmacologic treatment in TM-induced cognitive deficits.

Dirac's method which itself is for constrained Boson fields and particle systems is followed and developed to treat Dirac fields in light-front coordinates.

The Fermi–Yang Liming method is followed and developed to estimate new magic numbers in nuclei with a Woods–Saxon density function. The calculated results predict that the magic number next to 126 should be around 184 and 258.

The acoustic-energy loss was measured when the sound wave propagated through a layer of water fog. By the application of the sound attenuation theory in granular media and by means of the acoustic inverse (optimization) method, the size-distribution of the drops and the moisture content in the water fog were measured. It is demonstrated that the sizes of the water drops obey the normal distribution approximately. Comparison of the size-distribution results between data obtained by the inverse measurements and those obtained by the optic-microscopic-size methods shows good agreement with each other. The results of the moisture content and the thickness of the fog layers obtained by this method are also consistent with the results measured by other methods (for example, the water-content weight and the direct measurement of layer's thickness by a scale, etc.) reasonably.

We expound the generalized covariance condition in quantization. This condition is combined with the other standard conditions to determine the quantum-mechanical operator of a quadratic Hamiltonian ${\mathit{H}}_{2}$, represented by a quadratic function of momenta with a nonsingular coefficient matrix depending on coordinates, and the operator of an arbitrary quadratic quantity ${\mathit{F}}_{2}$ belonging to a system whose Hamiltonian is of the ${\mathit{H}}_{2}$ type. It is shown that the operator of ${\mathit{F}}_{2}$ depends also on ${\mathit{H}}_{2}$ and that H${\mathrm{^}}_{2}$ or F${\mathrm{^}}_{2}$ cannot contain a curvature term. We also present a modified ordering method with certain conditions under which the operator of a quadratic quantity can be found by replacing some linear functions of momenta with their operators. Finally, a path-integration formula is formed and shown to yield the expression of H${\mathrm{^}}_{2}$ that we derive by the canonical quantization method.

Ablation under oxyacetylene torch with heat flux of 4186.8 (10% kW/m2 for 20 s was performed to evaluate the ablation resistance of C/C–SiC composites fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) combined with liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) process. The results indicated that C/C–SiC composites present a better ablation resistance than C/C composites without doped SiC. The doped SiC and the ablation products SiO2 derived from it play key roles in ablation process. Bulk quantities of SiO2 nanowires with diameter of 80 nm–150 nm and length of tens microns were observed on the surface of specimens after ablation. The growth mechanism of the SiO2 nanowires was interpreted with a developed vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) driven by the temperature gradient.

The generating functional for truncated Green functions which is lacking in the field theories, is introduced for the spinor electrodynamics. Such generating functional is shown to be excellent in expressing the scattering matrix and used to construct a formula for the latter. The method is also applicable in principle to other field theories.

The phenomenological success of the interacting boson model1 implies that it should be possible to construct a subspace VF which is formed by SDG pairs and is approximately invariant under the Hamiltonian H if the creation operators of these correlated pairs are appropriately defined. Once a 1-to-1 mapping between VF and a boson subspace VB of the sdg state space is chosen, a boson description is set up and VB is the physical boson state subspace in the method. Such a kind of boson descriptions can be included in a framework of “Modified boson mapping” in the sense that the mapping is only applied to a subspace of fermion states which is or is assumed to be approximately invariant under H. Special choices of the subspace and of the mapping can yield various methods. For example, the OAI method2,3, the Suzuki-Matsuyamagi method4,5 and the modified Morumori boson expansion method6,7 are of this type.

The Hamiltonian canonical equation of the systems, the definition, criterion, structure equation and conserved quantities of momentum-dependent symmetries for Lagrange-Maxwell mechanico-electrical systems were presented. This work shows that the function ψ in the structure equation is only an invariant on the symmetry group. A new method to deduce conserved quantities of mechanico-electrical systems is obtained. An example is designed to illustrate these results.

The research on mechanisms in continuum spectra of nuclear reactions, which currently is one of the most interesting subjects in nuclear physics, is introduced. The contribution from breakup-pickup-fusion(BPF), besides breakup-fusion(BF), is calculated for 58 Ni(α,d) and 165Ho(3He,d) reactions. Results give the double-peak structure appeared in experimental data.