Search

History and Pedagogy of Mathematics (HPM) is one of the important research fields in mathematics education, which has received widespread attention from the mathematics education community because of its educational value. Modern mathematics education technology plays an important auxiliary role in mathematics teaching. Hawgent is a dynamic mathematics software that can present abstract mathematical knowledge visually and static mathematical knowledge dynamically. In view of this, this research takes “the recognition of circle” as an example to conduct a research on HPM teaching supported by Hawgent Dynamic Mathematics Software in three aspects: analyze the contents and uncover the history of mathematics, make the products and show the history of mathematics, design the teaching and integrate the history of Mathematics.

Subaerial landslides sliding into shallow water are physically modeled in a three-dimensional wave basin. The generated impulse waves are highly nonlinear, and a large-scale splash zone is formed above the waves. Such impulse wave characteristics are different from those from landslides into deep water that are completely submerged after sliding. The recorded wave profiles included three wave types, namely nonlinear oscillatory wave, nonlinear transition wave and bore-like wave, mainly depending on the relative slide thickness and slide Froude number at impact. Bore-like waves were possible produced only by landslides into shallow water in three-dimensional experiments. The conversion rate of landslide kinetic energy at impact into the wave train energy is 1 to 18%. Energy conversion characteristics are compared with other two- and three-dimensional studies on landslide-generated waves and the results are discussed.

The damage of roadbed retaining wall caused by mountain torrent is the most common disaster in geotechnical engineering. Based on the central point method, a reliability analysis model of the gravity retaining wall under mountain torrent load was established in this paper, and the performance functions of the anti-sliding and anti-overturning stability were derived. Finally, the reliability indexes of the anti-slip stability and overturning stability of the gravity retaining wall were obtained. We also analysed the sensitivity of stability reliability by changing the values of five variables which were the angle of mountain torrent load $(\varepsilon ) $, internal friction angle $(\varphi ) $, included angle between the retaining wall and the straight surface $(\theta ) $, friction angle $(\delta ) $, friction coefficient f. For the anti- sliding reliability, f, ϵ and ϕ have the greatest influences on the stability of the retaining wall. The increases of the other two variables have positive impacts on the anti-sliding stability. For the anti-overturning stability, the index coefficient increases with the increases of θ and ϵ, and decreases with the increase of ϕ until stability. The calculation method proposed in this paper considered the influence of mountain torrent, therefore it has a good practical application value in engineering.

Using WGAN and deep learning methods, a multiclass network intrusion detection model is proposed. The model uses the WGAN network to generate fake samples of rare attacks to achieve effective expansion of the original dataset and evaluates the samples through a two-classification method to ensure the effectiveness of the generated data. Through the CNN-LSTM network, the dimensionality reduction data is multiclassified and predicted. The network structure and parameters are effectively designed and trained to realize the identification and classification of network attacks. Experiments have proved that the model has improved the accuracy and recall index of network attack detection and classification compared with traditional methods. The proposed data generation method can improve the overall detection effect of the predictive model on rare attack types, and improve the accuracy rate and reduce errors reports.

A comprehensive evaluation model that combines an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method and the improved version of the Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method is proposed to solve integrated assessment problems related to the service status of groins in waterways. In view of the influencing factors and functional characteristics of damaged groins for waterway regulation, a waterway groin service status (WGSS) evaluation index system with a hierarchical structure was constructed using target-criteria elements. Additionally, based on the multi-attribute characteristics of the indicators, standards for rating and assigning values to elemental indicators were developed. Considering that traditional empowerment methods are rather one-sided and limited, an AHP-improved CRITIC method combination assigning optimization model was established based on the least squares principle, and the optimal combination weights were solved by the Lagrange multiplier method. The reliability and applicability of the model were tested by successfully applying the evaluation model to the comprehensive evaluation of the service status of spur dikes in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The results showed that the combined weights that were calculated by the AHP and the improved CRITIC optimization model were able to reflect both subjective and objective information, which makes up for the shortcomings of a single assignment method, and the weights assigned to the service status evaluation indexes for groins were reasonable. The comprehensive evaluation method to determine the service status of groins proposed in this paper was more accurate than the traditional evaluation method with subjective assignment and provided a scientific basis for decision making to maintain the sustainability of groin function.

The spur dike is widely used in the waterway renovation project in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as a remediation structure, but its water destruction is very common, and the influence of the permeable characteristics of the riprap spur dike on its stability has been neglected in many studies. Through the method of combining a generalized flume test and theoretical analysis, the influence of the submerged degree of the permeable spur dike, the porosity of the spur dike body, and the size of the void on its nearby turbulent kinetic energy is studied. The results show that the turbulent kinetic energy in the front of the spur dike increases with the increase of the submerged degree, decreases with the increase of the porosity, and first increases and then decreases with the increase of the pore size. At the axis of the dike, the turbulent kinetic energy increases with the increase of the submerged degree, decreases first and then increases with the increase of the porosity, and increases with the increase of the pore size. In the rear area of the dike, the turbulent kinetic energy decreases with the increase of the submerged degree, firstly decreases and then increases with the increase of the porosity, and first increases and then decreases with the increase of the pore size. The research results are of great significance to further understanding the water dike age of a permeable spur dike, and can provide scientific guidance for the design and restoration of spur dikes.

In view of the fact that the traditional integrated power distribution and consumption monitoring system and power information acquisition system are independent of each other, and the data between the two systems are not shared and reused, which brings great obstacles to the construction of new power systems, this paper proposes an integrated power distribution and consumption monitoring system. The system can simultaneously collect distribution monitoring data and power consumption information data, and accurately perceive the panoramic data of power systems such as high voltage power line, distribution transformer area, low voltage power line, metering tank and so on. Through big data statistical analysis and accurate prediction of fault events, realize the two-way interaction between distribution side and power consumption side, reduce power maintenance costs, improve power supply quality, it provides a strong guarantee for the safe operation of power distribution and electrical equipment.

In a glance, observers can evaluate gist characteristics from crowds of faces, such as the average emotional tenor or the average family resemblance. Prior research suggests that high-level ensemble percepts rely on holistic and viewpoint-invariant information. However, it is also possible that feature-based analysis was sufficient to yield successful ensemble percepts in many situations. To confirm that ensemble percepts can be extracted holistically, we asked observers to report the average emotional valence in crowds of Mooney faces. Mooney faces are two-tone, shadow-defined images that cannot be recognized in a part-based manner. To recognize features in a Mooney face, one must first recognize the image as a face by processing it holistically. Across experiments, we demonstrated that observers successfully extracted the average emotional valence from crowds that were spatially distributed or viewed in a rapid temporal sequence. In a subsequent set of experiments, we maximized holistic processing by including only those Mooney faces that were difficult to recognize when inverted. Under these conditions, participants remained highly sensitive to the average emotional valence of Mooney face crowds. Taken together, these experiments provide evidence that ensemble perception can operate selectively on holistic representations of human faces, even when feature-based information is not readily available.

Perception of facial identity and emotional expressions is fundamental to social interactions. Recently, interest in age associated changes in the processing of faces has grown rapidly. Due to the lack of older faces stimuli, most previous age-comparative studies only used young faces stimuli, which might cause own-age advantage. None of the existing Eastern face stimuli databases contain face images of different age groups (e.g. older adult faces). In this study, a database that comprises images of 110 Chinese young and older adults displaying eight facial emotional expressions (Neutral, Happiness, Anger, Disgust, Surprise, Fear, Content, and Sadness) was constructed. To validate this database, each image was rated on the basis of perceived facial expressions, perceived emotional intensity, and perceived age by two different age groups. Results have shown an overall 79.08% correct identification rate in the validation. Access to the freely available database can be requested by emailing the corresponding authors.

In this paper, the vibration characteristics of gravity retaining wall slope are studied. Using the M language of MATLAB, the finite element calculation program is compiled to calculate the frequency and characteristic values of the structure, and the first three modes of the structure are drawn. By analyzing and calculating the different parameters of soil behind the wall, the influence of different elastic moduli of soil and Poisson’s ratio on the vibration characteristics of the slope is studied, and the conclusion is further verified by an elastic time history analysis. The results show that the change of soil elastic modulus has an obvious effect on the vibration characteristics of the structural system, while the change of Poisson’s ratio has no obvious effect on the vibration characteristics of the structural system.

Inhibiting only cell apoptosis or necroptosis in photoreceptor cells does not protect them against death after traumatic retinal detachment. This study was designed to evaluate the coregulatory effects of the deubiquitinating enzyme cylindromatosis on the apoptosis and necroptosis of photoreceptor cells in experimental retinal detachment. Lentivirus Cyld shRNA was generated and used to suppress cylindromatosis expression in Sprague-Dawley rats. Three weeks after injection of lentivirus Cyld shRNA, retinal detachment surgery was performed. Transmission electron microscopy, propidium iodide staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay, electroretinography, and determination of ubiquitination and phosphorylation of receptor-interacting protein 1 were performed to detect the apoptosis and necroptosis of photoreceptor cells. Knockdown of cylindromatosis expression led to inhibition of caspase 8 activity, a decrease in the number of apoptotic photoreceptor cells, and an increase in the ubiquitination level of receptor-interacting protein 1. In addition, the number of necroptotic cells decreased and the phosphorylation level of receptor-interacting protein 1 decreased dramatically; significant protective effects of RNA interference–mediated suppression of cylindromatosis expression on electroretinogram wave were observed. Cylindromatosis coregulates the apoptosis and necroptosis of photoreceptor cells by regulating the ubiquitination of receptor-interacting protein 1 after retinal detachment.

Natural frequency is one of the important indicators that reflect the dynamic performance of the structure. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the continuity of the deformation of the filling behind the reinforced retaining wall, if the filling behind the wall is regarded as the Pasternak two-parameter foundation model, then the retaining wall panels can be considered as Bernoulli–Euler beams. Considering the force characteristics of the panel, the calculation of the shear modulus of the panel and the foundation reaction force of the filling soil behind the wall is reasonably considered. On this basis, the natural frequency calculation model of the reinforced retaining wall interacting with the concrete faceplate and the backfill of the wall is established, and the natural frequency calculation equation of the reinforced retaining wall is derived through the wall–soil dynamic balance equation. The complex modal analysis method is used to obtain the analytical solution of the natural frequency of the reinforced retaining wall, and the comparative analysis with the existing method proves the validity of the calculation result; then, the method is used to analyze the frequency influence factors of the reinforced retaining wall.

This paper presents a recognition algorithm of handwritten Uyghur characters based on the statistical and structural features. According to the number of strokes, the characters are divided into five subsets, and then each subset is further split into smaller subsets based on special features like “loop”, “the position of additional strokes” and so on. A SVM classifier is designed for each subset in order to train and recognize.