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Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum class of antibiotics. The use of excessive doses of tetracycline antibiotics can result in their residues in food, posing varying degrees of risk to human health. Therefore, the establishment of a rapid and sensitive field detection method for tetracycline residues is of great practical importance to improve the safety of food-derived animal foods. Electrochemical analysis techniques are widely used in the field of pollutant detection because of the simple detection principle, easy operation of the instrument, and low cost of analysis. In this review, we summarize the electrochemical detection of tetracycline antibiotics by bibliometrics. Unlike the previously published reviews, this article reviews and analyzes the development of this topic. The contributions of different countries and different institutions were analyzed. Keyword analysis was used to explain the development of different research directions. The results of the analysis revealed that developments and innovations in materials science can enhance the performance of electrochemical detection of tetracycline antibiotics. Among them, gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes are the most used nanomaterials. Aptamer sensing strategies are the most favored methodologies in electrochemical detection of tetracycline antibiotics.

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of depression on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) 1 year after radio-frequency ablation.MethodsA total of 91 patients with AF admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were studied. All patients were followed up 1 year after radio-frequency ablation. A total of 91 subjects were divided into recurrence group (n = 30) and no recurrence group (n = 61) according to the recurrence situation 1 year after radio-frequency ablation. Age, disease course, body mass index (BMI), gender, echocardiography (left atrial diameter), blood inflammatory indicators (neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, and monocyte count), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores were compared between the two groups. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of SDS score and other indexes on the recurrence of AF 1 year after radio-frequency ablation.ResultsThe age of patients in relapse group was higher than that in no relapse group (P < 0.05) and the course of disease was longer than that of the no recurrence group (P < 0.05). The BMI was higher than that of the no recurrence group (P < 0.05) and the left atrial diameter was greater than that of the no recurrence group (P < 0.05). Neutrophil count and monocyte count were significantly higher than those in no recurrence group (P < 0.05) and the lymphocyte count was significantly lower than that in the no recurrence group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in SDS score composition between the two groups (P < 0.05) and the composition ratio of patients with moderate and major depression in the relapsing group was significantly higher than that in the non-relapsing group. The composition ratio of patients without depression in the relapsing group was significantly lower than that in the non-relapsing group. Multivariate analysis showed that age, disease course, BMI, left atrial diameter, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, and SDS score were all independent factors affecting the recurrence of AF patients 1 year after radio frequency ablation (P < 0.05). Compared with patients without depression, patients with mild, moderate and major depression had an increased risk of recurrence by 74.0, 98.2, and 151.2% 1 year after radio-frequency ablation, respectively (OR = 1.740, 1.982, and 2.512).ConclusionThere is a high rate of depression in patients with AF. Depression is an important factor affecting the early recurrence of patients with AF after radio-frequency ablation.

Background: The prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) is poor due to its high incidence of local invasion and distant metastasis (DM). This study aims to explore the DM risk factors of HPSCC and establish a clinical prediction model. Methods: We downloaded patient data from the Public Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2018. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to screen the clinical risk factors for DM of HPSCC. A new nomogram prediction model was then established based on the selected clinical risk factors. We further validated the model’s accuracy based on the concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve, and the calibration plot. The decision curve analysis (DCA) to test the potential clinical value of the new model was also applied. Results: A total of 3502 patients were enrolled; the patients with HPSCC were randomly assigned to a training set (n=2463) and a validation set (n=1039). Multivariate Logistic model analysis suggested that sex, T stage, N stage, and the total number of tumors were influence factors for DM of HPSCC. We established and validated a novel nomogram prediction model based on the multivariate logistic model with these influence factors. The C-index was 0.943 and 0.849 in the training and validation sets respectively. The AUC of the training set was 0.705 (95% CI: 0.669-0.741), and the validation set was 0.667 (95% CI: 0.609-0.725). The calibration plot shows that the actual observation value was similar to the predicted value, meaning the model has an excellent discrimination ability. DCA of the nomogram in the training and validation sets suggested that our nomogram has potential application value. Conclusions: We found that sex, T stage, N stage, and the total number of tumors are independent risk factors for DM of HPSCC. We developed a novel prediction model to predict DM in patients with HPSCC. This nomogram can identify patients with a high risk of DM and has a high clinical application value.

Additional file 1. Propensity score matching analysis.

Additional file 1: FigureS1. Cells death determination under different concentrations of ethanoltreatment by methylene blue staining. A,0% ethanol treatment group; B, 3% ethanol treatment group; C, 6% ethanoltreatment group; D, 9% ethanol treatment group; E, 12% ethanol treatment group.Bar=100 μm.Figure S2. Results of principalcomponent analysis (PCA) of the samples for transcriptome sequencing. FigureS3. PCA score plots of the samples for metabolomicsanalysis in positive and negative ion modes. A, Positive ion mode; B, Negativeion mode. Table S7. Primersused in this study for real-time quantitative PCR detection.

Objective: To explore the effects of miR-149 on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods: miR-149 expression patterns were detected in human CRC cell lines by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (Q-PCR). Online prediction software and luciferase reporter assay were performed to screen the functional targets of miR-149. CRC cells were transfected with miR-149 mimics or siRNAs of FZD5 and then divided into NC group (negative control), miR-149 mimics group (cells transfected with miR-149 mimics) and miR-149 mimics + SiFZD5 group (cells transfected by miR-149 mimics and SiFZD5). Moreover, the effects of miR-149 on the proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells were also analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry assay. In addition, the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways related factors were shown by western blot analysis. Results: Q-PCR results demonstrated that the expression of miR-149 was significantly lower in SW480 than that in the FHC cell line. Frizzled class receptor 5 (FZD5) was identified as a functional target of miR-149 through a series of experiments including Q-PCR, western blot analysis, and luciferase assay. Cellular functional experiments demonstrated that the cell viability and proliferation were greatly inhibited after miR-149 overexpression in SW480 cells. Furthermore, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased significantly after introducing miR-149 into SW480 cells. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway was activated because of the lower expression of β-catenin and cyclinD1 in miR-149 mimics group. However, reducing FZD5 expression restored the expression of β-catenin and cyclin D. Conclusions: Our data suggested that miR-149 may function as a tumor suppressor in CRC cells lines by targeting FZD5. miR-149/FZD5 may become a new therapeutic target for CRC.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Topical corticosteroids are the first-line therapy for ACD despite their significant adverse effects. Acupuncture has been widely used in the treatment of various skin diseases, but its underlying mechanism remains unrevealed. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of acupuncture treatment based on effectiveness and mechanism. BALB/c mice received 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) application to build AD-like model. Results showed that acupuncture was an effective treatment method in inhibiting inflammatory conditions, serum IgE levels, and expression of proinflammatory cytokine Th2 (IL-4, IL-6), and Th2 (IL-1β, TNF-α) mRNA compared with DNCB treatment. Acupuncture treatment also inhibited nuclear factor-κB p65, phosphorylation of IκBα, and phosphorylation of occludin proteins expression. Furthermore, it could improve the expression of epidermal growth factor in both mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that acupuncture, as an alternative therapy treatment for its no significant side effects, was effective in alleviating ACD by reducing proinflammatory cytokines and changing proteins' expression.

Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) accounts for the major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. However, effects of high-dose simvastatin therapy on patients with acute cerebral infarction still unclear. In this study, the clinical efficacy of high-dose simvastatin on patients with cerebral infarction was investigated. A total of 180 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomized divided into control group (n=60), high-dose simvastatin (HDS) group (n=60) and low-dose simvastatin (LDS) group (n=60). Control group, HDS group and LDS group received conventional treatment, conventional treatment together with simvastatin 80 mg/d and conventional treatment as well as simvastatin 40 mg/d respectively for 3 months. Biochemical indices, neurological deficit and plaque thickness and volume were assessed and recorded after treatment. After simvastatin treatment, the plasma levels of Triglyceride, Total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein were significantly decreased in HDS group and LDS group, and HDS were significantly increased in HDS group and LDS group. Also, simvastatin decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, two major inflammatory factors in plasma. Furthermore, improved neurological deficit were found in simvastatin treatment groups. In addition, simvastatin treatment also improved plaque states include plaque thickness and volume in HDS group and LDS group. Therefore, simvastatin could improve acute cerebral infarction and high-dose of simvastatin treatment was better than low -dose of simvastatin treatment.

The auxin binding protein(ABP1) is involved in the response to auxin signal to induce the elongation of plant cell.In order to understand the interaction between ABP1 and CesA1,two chimera expression vectors are constructed to label ABP1 with GFP and CesA1 with CFP respectively.Two recombinants are transformed into tobacco leaf for transient expression in the same epidermal cell via infiltration.Green and cyan florescent signals are observed in the same pavement cells of the infiltrated leaf region by confocal microscope analysis,indicating proteins ABP1 and CesA1 are accumulated and overlaying distributed in the cell membranes.But in the endomembranes,the green signals are strong while the cyan signals are week,demonstrating that it is ABP1 but not CesA1 which is also collectively distributed in the endomembranes system.Cyan florescent signals are observed in interdigitation area of the pavement cells,which indicates intensive distribution of CesA1 and more celluloses were synthesized in this area.

Nicotiana tabacum WS38 ABP1 cDNA coding sequence was cloned by RT-PCR with the primers that were designed according to reported Nicotiana tabacum ABP1 amino acid sequence in GenBank. The sequence analysis showed that the length of the cDNA was 564 bp. Information analysis indicated that the open reading frame can encode 188 amino acids polypeptide with the 98.4% homology with the reported ABP1. It also demonstrated that the ABP1 in Nicotiana tabacum varied in different cultivars and there was some single nucleic acid polymorphasim with WS38 and NK326.

Cognitive wireless sensor network (CWSN) is a combination of cognitive radio and wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which can effectively solve spectrum resource scarcity problem in WSNs. As one of the key technologies in CWSNs, spectrum sensing enables sensors to detect and opportunistic access underutilized idle licensed bands, which remarkably improves the spectrum utilization and system performance. And cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) has emerged to enhance detection performance of spectrum sensing. Focusing on CSS schemes in CWSNs, this paper explores the cooperative and noncooperative schemes comprehensively. The characteristics of the existing CSS schemes are analyzed in CWSNs. And then, according to the behavior of cognitive sensors, CSS techniques are classified into noncooperative and cooperative schemes. Concentrating on energy consumption, cooperative CSS schemes are classified into three categories: censoring, clustering, and sensor selection. The performance of three kinds of CSS schemes is compared and analyzed thoroughly. Finally, the difficulties and challenges of CSS scheme are addressed in CWSNs.

Interference has the strongest effect on the available bandwidth of wireless local area network (WLAN) mesh networks. To mitigate the co-channel interference and improve capacity in multi-channel and multi-interface WLAN mesh networks, an efficient system model based on objective optimization is proposed in this paper, which takes channel assignment, number of network interface cards (NICs) and broadcast routing in consideration. In order to appropriately assign channel, a linear programming formulation is introduced to achieve this objective. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of our approach and demonstrate that the proposed scheme can get better performance than other approach in all cases.

This paper presents an event semantic recognizing method based on Markov chain by stages, which takes object semantic as the bridge and is valid for recognizing complex event semantic. Semantic concept mapping mechanism based on semantic template is used to realize the automatic recognition of video semantic. In the experiment contrasting with IMAT system, our method shows more extensive recognition range and higher accuracy. Experimental results are encouraging, and indicate that the performance of the proposed approach is effective.

It is important to locate Raman characteristic peak in qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of substance. Because of the insufficiencies of comparison method and derivative, convolution and singularity detection of the discrete wavelet transform are used in the peak-search processing of Raman spectrum. The result of experiment shows that peak position can be located by using the methods above accurately, and the precision of peak-search is improved in qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of substance.

Mini Raman spectroscopy is applied to rapid extraventricular substance identification. Aiming at its outdoor application a particular system design of spectral data acquisition and processing was presented. A novel spectral data acquisition technique with CCD of which the integration time is controllable and self-adjusting was realized. A portable power management design was introduced. ARM and CPLD techniques were combined to implement real-time control and data processing. A program of searching the peak of Raman spectra based on comparison algorithm was given.