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3.1 Conophyma lini sp. nov. (Figs.1-8) Holotype: ♂, paratypes 1♂, 2♀, Xinjiang, Tekeshi 43º16´N, 81º48´E, 1986-IX-23, collected by Lin Ze-Bin. Male: Body median in size. Head shorter than pronotum, vertex longer, apex narrower. Face slightly oblique in profile. Antennae filiform, 22 segmented, length of joint 1.3 times width in middle part. Eyes ellipse, vertical diameter 1.3 times horizontal diameter and 1.7 times subocular furrow. Pronotum cylindrical, anterior margin straight, median keel indistinct, cut by three transverse sulci, lateral keels indistinct, prozona 2.4 times metazona in length, hind margin excised weakly in middle. Prosternal process conical, apex rounded. Minimum width of interspace of mesosternum 1.6 times its length, maximum width 3.1 times length, the, lateral lobes of metasternum separated. Wings absent. Upper keel of hind femur smooth, length of hind femur 4.0 times its maximum width, the end of lower knee lobes rounded. Hind tibia with 9 spines on inner and 8 spines on outer sides, external apical spine present. Second joint of hind tarsus shorter than first joint. Tympanum absent. Epiproct with longitudinal groove in middle, posterior margin waved, with angular projection in the middle. Furculae small, acute leaf-like. Cercus conical, extending over tip of epiproct, apex rounded. Subgenital plate short-tapered, apex rounded. Epiphallus see fig. 2. Female: Body more robust. Vertical diameter of eyes 1.4 times horizontal diameter and 1.2 times subocular furrow. Prozona 1.9 times metazoan in length. Cercus short-conical, not reaching end of epiproct. Width of subgenital plate larger than length, posterior apical part widened. Ovipositor valve thick at base, apex acute, outer margin almost smooth. Coloration: Body yellowish-green. Antennae yellowish-brown. Eyes brown. Hind femur of yellowish-green, inner knee lobe black. Hind tibia yellow, base black. Abdomen yellowish-green, Subgenital plate of male yellow. Measurement (mm): Length of body: ♂ 18.0–21.1, ♀ 26.9–28.6. Length of pronotum: ♂ 4.9–5.3, ♀ 6.4–6.46. Length of hind femur: ♂ 11.5–11.8, ♀ 13.4–14.5. Diagnosis. The new species Conophyma lini sp. nov. is similar to C. xiai Zhang et al, 2015. The major differences are listed in Table1. Etymology The species is named after Mr. Lin Ze-Bin for commemorating his help to collect the type specimens.

Key to 11 species of Conophyma Zubvsky, 1898 from China 1. Epiproct of male smooth, without tooth raised upward (figs.5,12���18). - Epiproct of male at both sides with a tooth raised upward in the middle(figs.19���21)................................. 9 2. Length of epiproct equal or shorter than width in male. - Length of epiproct longer than width in male (fig. 12).......................................... 1. C. xinjiangensis Huang C.M. 1982 Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 7(2), 214���215. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Wenquan, Altitude 2240 m. Location of type specimen: Holotype male, paratype female, Zoology Institute, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China. 3. Apical part of epiproct in male widened (figs. 14���16). - Apical part of epiproct in male not widened (fig.13)............................................. 2. C. zhaosuensis Huang C.M. 1982 Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 7 2), 212���213. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Zhaosu. Location of type specimen: Holotype male, paratype female, Zoology Institute, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China. 4. Hind tibia olive, yellow, purple or blue. - Hind tibia red................................................................................ 3. C. amicus Li, B.P. & Ti, X.N. 1995 Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2(4), 311���313. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Heqin County. Location of type specimen: holotype male, Department of Plant Protection, Xinjiang August-1 st Agricultural College, Urumqi, China. 5. Furculae on posterior margin of the 10 th abdominal tergite in male larger, acute-leaf like. - Furculae on posterior margin of the 10 th abdominal tergite in male small, obtusely leaf-like.......................... 7 6. Posterior margin of epiproct nearly straight, with small triangular projecting in the middle; both sides slightly projecting, rounded at apex. Hind tibia sordid blue (fig.15)................................................ 4. C. harbaceum Bey-Bienko, G.J, & Mishchenko, L.L. 1951 Locusts and Grasshoppers of the U.S. S.R. and Adjacent Countries 1: 186. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Yining. Location of type specimen: male, lectotype ZIN St. Petersburg. - Posterior margin of epiproct in male waved, with obtusely angular projecting in the middle; both sides distinctly projecting, rounded at apex. Hind tibia brownish olive-green or yellowish olive-green (fig.16).......................... 5. C. olive Huang, C.M. in Li, et al, 2006 Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Catantopidae. Fauna Sinica, Insecta. 43, 392���393. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Heqin. Location of type specimen: Holotype male, paratype female, Zoology Institute, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China. 7. Vertex longer, apex projecting (fig. 3). - Vertex shorter, apex not projecting (figs.9).......................................................... 6. C. xiai Zhang, Y.L., Xu, Q. & Zhang, D.C. 2015 Zootaxa, 4039(4), 575���578. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Xinyuan, 43��41��N, 83��27��E. Location of type specimen: holotype male, paratype female, Hebei University, Baoding, China. 8. Posterior margin of epiproct waved in male, with small acute-angular projecting in the middle (fig. 5)..... 7. C. lini sp. nov. - Posterior margin of epiproct straight in male, with larger curved projecting in the middle (fig.18)....... 8. C. nigrifemora Zhang, Y.L., Xu, Q. & Zhang, D.C. 2015 Zootaxa, 4039(4), 578���579. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Xinyuan, Xinjiang, 43��41��N, 83��27��E. Location of type specimen: holotype male, Hebei University, Baoding, China. 9. Posterior margin epiproct straight, with larger obtuse-angular projecting; distance between furculae wider, trapezoid. Posterior margin of epiproct waved, with small acute-angular projecting in male, distance between furculae narrower, (fig.19)........................................................................................ 9. C. zubovskii - Uvarov, B.P. 1925 Journal Bombay Natural History Society, 30, 551���552. Type locality: Middle Asia, Central Asia: Ladyjar���Tau. Location of type specimen: holotype, male, ZIN St. Petersburg. 10. Basal part of epiproct in male without longitudinal groove in the middle, posterior margin with curved projection in the middle. Hind tibia red (fig.20)..................................................................... 10. C. rufitibia Li, B.P. & Ti, X.N. 1995 Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2(4), 313���315. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Wuqia (Yuqitashi) Location of type specimen: holotype male, paratype female, Department of Plant Protection, Xinjiang August-1 st Agricultural College, Urumqi, China. - Basal part of epiproct in male with longitudinal groove in the middle, posterior margin with acute projection in the middle (fig.21). Hind tibia yellow................................................................. 11. C. heqinensis Zhang, Y.L., Xu, Q. & Zhang, D.C. 2015 Zootaxa, 4039(4), 579���580. Type locality: China, Xinjiang, Heqin, 42��31��N, 86��35��E. Location of type specimen: holotype male, Hebei University, Baoding, China., Published as part of Liu, Yu-Sheng, Sun, Daqing, Zhang, Jinyu & Yin, Zhan, 2021, A new species and a key to eleven species of the genus Conophyma Zubovsky, 1898 (Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Catantopidae, Conophyminae) from China, pp. 584-590 in Zootaxa 5061 (3) on pages 585-588, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.11, http://zenodo.org/record/5649772, {"references":["Li, H. C., Xia, K. L., Bi, D. Y., Jin, X. B., Huang, C. M., Yin, X. C., Zheng, Z. M., Lian, Z. M., You, Q. J., Zhang, F. L. & Li, T. S. (2006) Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Catantopidae. In: Fauna Sinica. Vol. 43. Insecta. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 386 - 396.","Zhang, Y. L., Xu, Q. & Zhang, D. C. (2015) Three new species the genus Conophyma Zubovsky, 1898 (Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Catantopidae, Conophyminae) from Xinjiang, China. Zootaxa, 4039 (4), 575 - 582. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4039.4.7","Li, B. P. & Ti, X. N. (1995) Two new species of the genus Conophyma Zubowsky, 1898 (Orthoptera: Acridoidea, Catantopinae). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2 (4), 311 - 315. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7917.1995. tb 00053. x"]}

3.1 Conophyma lini sp. nov. (Figs.1-8) Holotype: ♂, paratypes 1♂, 2♀, Xinjiang, Tekeshi 43��16��N, 81��48��E, 1986-IX-23, collected by Lin Ze-Bin. Male: Body median in size. Head shorter than pronotum, vertex longer, apex narrower. Face slightly oblique in profile. Antennae filiform, 22 segmented, length of joint 1.3 times width in middle part. Eyes ellipse, vertical diameter 1.3 times horizontal diameter and 1.7 times subocular furrow. Pronotum cylindrical, anterior margin straight, median keel indistinct, cut by three transverse sulci, lateral keels indistinct, prozona 2.4 times metazona in length, hind margin excised weakly in middle. Prosternal process conical, apex rounded. Minimum width of interspace of mesosternum 1.6 times its length, maximum width 3.1 times length, the, lateral lobes of metasternum separated. Wings absent. Upper keel of hind femur smooth, length of hind femur 4.0 times its maximum width, the end of lower knee lobes rounded. Hind tibia with 9 spines on inner and 8 spines on outer sides, external apical spine present. Second joint of hind tarsus shorter than first joint. Tympanum absent. Epiproct with longitudinal groove in middle, posterior margin waved, with angular projection in the middle. Furculae small, acute leaf-like. Cercus conical, extending over tip of epiproct, apex rounded. Subgenital plate short-tapered, apex rounded. Epiphallus see fig. 2. Female: Body more robust. Vertical diameter of eyes 1.4 times horizontal diameter and 1.2 times subocular furrow. Prozona 1.9 times metazoan in length. Cercus short-conical, not reaching end of epiproct. Width of subgenital plate larger than length, posterior apical part widened. Ovipositor valve thick at base, apex acute, outer margin almost smooth. Coloration: Body yellowish-green. Antennae yellowish-brown. Eyes brown. Hind femur of yellowish-green, inner knee lobe black. Hind tibia yellow, base black. Abdomen yellowish-green, Subgenital plate of male yellow. Measurement (mm): Length of body: ♂ 18.0���21.1, ♀ 26.9���28.6. Length of pronotum: ♂ 4.9���5.3, ♀ 6.4���6.46. Length of hind femur: ♂ 11.5���11.8, ♀ 13.4���14.5. Diagnosis. The new species Conophyma lini sp. nov. is similar to C. xiai Zhang et al, 2015. The major differences are listed in Table1. Etymology The species is named after Mr. Lin Ze-Bin for commemorating his help to collect the type specimens., Published as part of Liu, Yu-Sheng, Sun, Daqing, Zhang, Jinyu & Yin, Zhan, 2021, A new species and a key to eleven species of the genus Conophyma Zubovsky, 1898 (Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Catantopidae, Conophyminae) from China, pp. 584-590 in Zootaxa 5061 (3) on page 585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.11, http://zenodo.org/record/5649772, {"references":["Zhang, Y. L., Xu, Q. & Zhang, D. C. (2015) Three new species the genus Conophyma Zubovsky, 1898 (Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Catantopidae, Conophyminae) from Xinjiang, China. Zootaxa, 4039 (4), 575 - 582. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4039.4.7"]}

Within the framework of large momentum effective theory (LaMET), genenaralized parton distributions (GPDs) can be extracted from lattice calculations of quasi-GPDs through a perturbative matching relation, up to power corrections that are suppressed by the hadron momentum. In this paper, we focus on isovector quark GPDs, including the unpolarized, longitudinally and transversely polarized cases, and present the one-loop matching that connects the quasi-GPDs renormalized in a regularization-independent momentum subtraction (RI/MOM) scheme to the GPDs in MS scheme. We find that the matching coefficient is independent of the momentum transfer squared. As a consequence, the matching for the quasi-GPD with zero skewness is the same as that for the quasi-PDF. Our results provide a crucial input for the determination of quark GPDs from lattice QCD using LaMET., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures

The $x$-dependence of light-cone distribution amplitude (LCDA) can be directly calculated from a quasi distribution amplitude (DA) in lattice QCD within the framework of large-momentum effective theory (LaMET). In this paper, we study the one-loop renormalization of the quasi-DA in the regularization-independent momentum subtraction (RI/MOM) scheme. The renormalization factor for the quasi parton distribution function can be used to renormalize the quasi-DA provided that they are implemented on lattice and in perturbation theory in the same manner. We derive the one-loop matching coefficient that matches quasi-DA in the RI/MOM scheme onto LCDA in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme. Our result provides the crucial step to extract the LCDAs from lattice matrix elements of quasi-DAs., 7 pages, 0 figures

We present a lattice-QCD calculation of the unpolarized isovector parton distribution function (PDF) using ensembles at the physical pion mass with large proton boost momenta $P_z \in \{2.2,2.6,3.0\}$~GeV within the framework of large-momentum effective theory (LaMET). In contrast to our previous physical-pion PDF result, we increase the statistics significantly, double the boost momentum, increase the investment in excited-state contamination systematics, and switch to $\gamma_t$ operator to avoid mixing with scalar matrix elements. We use four source-sink separations in our analysis to control the systematics associated with excited-state contamination. The one-loop LaMET matching corresponding to the new operator is calculated and applied to our lattice data. We detail the systematics that affect PDF calculations, providing guidelines to improve the precision of future lattice PDF calculations. We find our final parton distribution to be in reasonable agreement with the PDF provided by the latest phenomenological analysis., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Recent measurements of the proton radius using the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen are troublingly discrepant with values extracted from hydrogen spectroscopy and electron-proton scattering experiments. This discrepancy, which differs by more than five standard deviations, may be a signal of new physics caused by a violation of lepton universality. Another candidate for a new physics signal is the muon anomalous magnetic moment. The measurement at BNL differs from the standard model prediction by at least three standard deviations. Motivated by these two puzzles, first we use polarized lepton-nucleon elastic scattering to search for a new scalar boson, and furthermore we suggest new measurements of the nucleon form factors. Next, we display a method to analyze the beam dump experiments without using approximation on phase space, and we use it to constrain all possible new spin-0 and spin-1 particles, and a variety of other measurements to study the possibility of the new physics. Finally, assuming a new scalar boson can solve the two puzzles simultaneously, we present a general model-independent analysis and constrain the existence of the new physics., 90 pages, 32 figures, PhD thesis, Univ Wash (2017)

Fagus in China is never dominant in Late Cretaceous and Tertiary floras although it might reach its highest diversity in the Miocene. The genus Fagus was more widely distributed during the Palaeogene than in the Neogene. Furthermore, the ecological requirements of Fagus in the Palaeogene seem much broader than those in the Neogene onwards. This is because the Palaeogene floras containing Fagus lived in various conditions from an arid and hot climate to a humid and warm habitat. Additionally, Fagus then coexisted with many kinds of hygrophilous, thermophilous and xerophilous plants. However, the wide distribution, broad ecological adaptation and species composition changed greatly in the Neogene. The Neogene Fagus-containing floras are slightly more similar to the modern beech forests than the Palaeogene ones, although a big difference remains. Chinese fossil data document the post-Tertiary development of the modern beech forests. doi:10.1002/mmng.19980010111

The ideas of adaptive nonlinear damping and changing supply functions were used to counteract the effects of parameter and nonlinear uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics and unknown bounded disturbances. The high-gain observer was used to estimate the state of the system. A robust adaptive output feedback control scheme was proposed for nonlinearly parameterized systems represented by input-output models. The scheme does not need to estimate the unknown parameters nor add a dynamical signal to dominate the effects of unmodeled dynamics. It is proven that the proposed control scheme guarantees that all the variables in the closed-loop system are bounded and the mean-square tracking error can be made arbitrarily small by choosing some design parameters appropriately. Simulation results have illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed robust adaptive control scheme.

Therapeutic cloning, which is based on human somatic cell nuclear transfer, is one of our major research objectives. Though inter-species nuclear transfer has been introduced to construct human somatic cell cloned embryos, the effects of type, passage, and preparation method of donor cells on embryo development remain unclear. In our experiment, cloned embryos were reconstructed with different passage and preparation methods of ossocartilaginous cell, skin fibroblast, and cumulus cells. The cumulus cell embryos showed significantly higher development rates than the other two (P < 0.05). The development rate of embryos reconstructed with skin fibroblasts of different passage number and somatic cells of different chilling durations showed no significant difference. Also, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was conducted to detect nuclear derivation of the embryos. The result showed that the nuclei of the inter-species cloned embryo cells came from human. We conclude that (1) cloned embryos can be constructed through human-rabbit interspecies nuclear transfer; (2) different kinds of somatic cells result in different efficiency of nuclear transfer, while in vitro passage of the donor does not influence embryo development; (3) refrigeration is a convenient and efficient donor cell preparation method. Finally, it is feasible to detect DNA genotype through FISH.

Tolerance is almost ubiquitous during the whole product lift cycle and is imperative for seamless integration of CAD and CAM. Based on the mathematical definition of tolerance, a 3D tolerancing system, 3DTS, is presented with its design principle, system architecture and key functions. The following functional modules, tolerance modeling, semantics interpretation, 3D tolerance analysis, are described in detail. To make the tolerancing system robust and efficient, many techniques such as hierarchical tolerance representation, rule-based evaluation and non-intersection determination of tolerance zone have been devised. Tested by many samples, this system shows good robustness and practicability.

Many physical systems such as biochemical processes and machines with friction are of nonlinearly parameterized systems with uncertainties. How to control such systems effectively is one of the most challenging problems. This paper presents a robust adaptive controller for a significant class of nonlinearly parameterized systems. The controller can be used in cases where there exist parameter and nonlinear uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics and unknown bounded disturbances. The design of the controller is based on the control Lyapunov function method. A dynamic signal is introduced and adaptive nonlinear damping terms are used to restrain the effects of unmodeled dynamics, nonlinear uncertainties and unknown bounded disturbances. The backstepping procedure is employed to overcome the complexity in the design. With the proposed method, the estimation of the unknown parameters of the system is not required and there is only one adaptive parameter no matter how high the order of the system is and how many unknown parameters there are. It is proved theoretically that the proposed robust adaptive control scheme guarantees the stability of nonlinearly parameterized system. Furthermore, all the states approach the equilibrium in arbitrary precision by choosing some design constants appropriately. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust adaptive controller.

The digital image correlation technique is used for full field measurements of axial strain and transverse strain of PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics under uniaxial compression. Based on the variations of the axial strain and transverse strain with axial stress, the effects of poling state and poling direction of PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics on the domain switching and phase transformation behaviors are explored. Domain switching occurs in unpoled and Z-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics separately, while domain switching in the Y-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic is not observed. Domain switching strain in the Z-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic has obvious influences on the developments of axial strain and transverse strain, but the influence of domain switching strain in the unpoled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic is very weak, which can be attributed to the different random distribution characteristics of domain orientation. By the strain decomposition analysis, it is proved that the domain switching and the phase transition process can be decoupled, and domain switching strain and phase transformation strain can be distinguished successfully. Compared with the Z-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic, the unpoled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic has a small critical stress of phase transformation, while the critical stress of the Y-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramics is big, which may be concluded that the domain switching behavior favors the phase transformation process. The polarization released behavior of PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic also depends on the poling direction. The depolarization mechanism of Z-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic is caused by both domain switching and phase transformation, and the Y-axis poled PZT95/5 ferroelectric ceramic is caused by only phase transformation.

The paper empirically studies why the sellers of identical commodities adopt dier- ent auction formats in the online auction, and the consequences thereof. We postulate that the sellers adopt dierent auction formats because of the dierences in their ex- perience and the number of items they have. We rst use these two characteristics to endogeneize the seller's choice between three auction formats: xed-price, buy-it-now (BIN), and pure auctions. We then estimate the dierences in sales rate, transaction price, and sale duration between the three formats. We nd that the xed-price auc- tion results in the highest transaction price and the lowest sale rate, while the pure auction is just the opposite, with the BIN auction falling in between. These results strongly suggest that there is a tradeo between price and sale probability in adopting dierent formats of auctions. We

We study the implications of lattice QCD determinations of the S-wave nucleon-nucleon scattering lengths at unphysical light quark masses. It is found that with the help of nuclear effective field theory (NEFT), not only the quark mass dependence of the effective range parameters, but also the leading quark mass dependence of all the low energy deuteron matrix elements can be obtained. The quark mass dependence of deuteron charge radius, magnetic moment, polarizability and the deuteron photodisintegration cross section are shown based on the NPLQCD lattice calculation of the scattering lengths at 354 MeV pion mass and the NEFT power counting scheme of Beane, Kaplan and Vuorinen. Further improvement can be obtained by performing the lattice calculation at smaller quark masses. Our result can be used to constrain the time variation of isoscalar combination of u and d quark mass m_q, to help the anthropic principle study to find the m_q range which allows the existence of life, and to provide a weak test of the multiverse conjecture., 18 pages, 5 figures

The current waveform of Ferroelectric ceramics PZT 95/5 depoling under tilted shock wave compression has been studied. An analytic model was established to analyze the effects of incident angle on the rising time, duration and peak amplitude of the depoling current. Experiments were conducted as well to confirm these effects. Results indicated that with the increasing of incident angle, the depoling current rises more slowly, the pulse duration becomes broader and the peak amplitude remains constant until the waveform decays into a triangular form.

Relevance feedback (RF) proved an effect way to improve the precision and recall of 3D model retrieval. Unfortunately, through existing methods of RF, it is straightforward to find out whether a model is similar or not, but it is impossible to find out which local part is similar or not. The new partial method of RF proposed in this paper provides a good solution, in which not only the similar models are marked out but also the local parts which are similar or not are pointed out and taken advantage at the same time. This additional information contributes a lot to the improvement of 3D retrieval. Experiments show superiority in effectivity of the new method.

Objective Previous studies have showed that cathepsin S(CatS) is upregulated in atherosclerosis lesions in humans. We try to deplore the association between serum levels of CatS and its inhibitor cystatin C(CysC) and the severity of atherosclerostic lesions of coronary arteries in Chinese. Methods and results 107 coronary atherosclerositic diseases (CAD)and 48 controls were recruited and all subjects consisting were verified by selective angiography, the the severity of lesions of coronary arteries were assessed by Gensini scoring system. The fasting serum concentrations of CatS and CysC were measured before angiography respectively. The SPSS11.0 system was applied to analyse the data. Compared with controls, serum levels of cathepsin S in CAD groups increased significantly and demonstrated positive correlation (r=0.69, p=0.0001)with Gensini score. After being corrected for other common factors (age, sex, blood pressure and blood lipid, etc) by multivariate stepwise regression analysis, this relationship also existed. Conclusions Serum levels of cathepsin S are associated with severity of athero sclerostic lesions of coronary arteries. The higher serum levels of cathepsin S are, the severer atherosclerostic lesions of coronary arteries are.

Four kinds of Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3 ferroelectric ceramics with different porosities are prepared, and the porosity effects on the depoling characteristics of those samples under shock wave load are investigated. The results show that under short circuit condition, the releasing current waveforms are in the form of square pulse for all samples. The amplitude of the current pulse decreases, but the width increases with the porosity increasing. The releasing charge decreases with the porosity increasing, which is consistent with the measurement by P-E loop. Porous ceramics has lower shock impedance, which improves the impedance match to the encapsulation medium. The depoling characteristics of those samples under high resistance load are simulated well by Lysne model. The results reveal that the dielectric constant of the sample is 4—5 times larger than that under static state, moreover, it decreases with porosity increasing. After the shock wave passing through the sample, the discharging time constant increases with porosity increasing. As the load increases, the rising edge becomes less steep for the restrain of the ferroelectric phase-antiferroelectric phase transformation under high electric field, and the breakdown happens to the dense ceramics.

We report a state-of-the-art lattice calculation of the isovector quark transversity distribution of the proton at the physical pion mass. Within the framework of large-momentum effective theory (LaMET), we compute the transversity quasi-distributions using clover valence fermions on 2+1+1-flavor (up/down, strange, charm) HISQ-lattice configurations with boosted proton momenta as large as 3.0~GeV. The relevant lattice matrix elements are nonperturbatively renormalized in regularization-independent momentum-subtraction (RI/MOM) scheme and systematically matched to the physical transversity distribution. With high statistics, large proton momenta and meticulous control of excited-state contamination, we provide the best theoretical prediction for the large-$x$ isovector quark transversity distribution, with better precision than the most recent global analyses of experimental data. Our result also shows that the sea quark asymmetry in the proton transversity distribution is consistent with zero, which has been assumed in all current global analyses., 10 pages, 4 figures