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In this paper, the energy absorption of single-wall corrugated fibreboard with a trapezoidal core under edgewise crushing load was studied experimentally and analytically, and a physical surfacebonding was assumed to represent the interaction between the fluted board and thelinerboard based on the production process of corrugated fibreboards. Anew folding element was proposed, including two boards and two trapezoidal corrugated cores with central symmetry. Moreover, three folding modes of the fluted board were proposed based on experimental phenomena, and a plateau stress model was characterized by the geometry parameters of the corrugated fibreboard. It was found that the plateaustress predicted by thedeveloped model compared well with the experimental results, from which one can conclude that the proposed model was effective and helpful for corrugated structures design and parameters selection to meet different strength requirements.

Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) capable of selectively recognizing and absorbing 4,4′-methylenedianiline (MDA) were successfully synthesized, using Fe3O4 coated with mesoporous silicon (Fe3O4@mSiO2) as the magnetic carrier, 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linking agent, and MDA as the template molecule. The morphology, structure, and properties of MIPs were characterized, suggesting that the MIPs had obvious core-shell structure and strong magnetic responsiveness. The results of adsorption property tests showed that the MIPs could specifically recognize and adsorb MDA with excellent selectivity and reusability. The adsorption kinetic process could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherm could be fitted by the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 59.5 μmol/g. Furthermore, the magnetic MIPs have been applied to the electrochemical detection of MDA from the composite film sample, with recoveries in the range from 87.8% to 92.5% and the RSD values less than 4.4%. The prepared magnetic MIPs showed potential for the selective separation and detection of MDA in food-contact materials.

Background and Aim: Rhinoplasty is highly popular in both the East and the West. However, due to the differences in anatomy and culture between the East and the West, the rhinoplasty has different connotations in the East and the West. This study intends to explore the differences of rhinoplasty between Asian population and non-Asian population, and report the new progress of rhinoplasty for Asian population, and provide reference for clarifying rhinoplasty techniques which is suitable for Asian population. Method: PubMed was searched in December 2020 attempting to find all articles describing Rhinoplasty in Asians and Non-Asians from April 2003 to December 2020. The Search terms used were "rhinoplasty in Asians" or "rhinoplasty in Caucasians" or "rhinoplasty in "Asian-Americans" or "rhinoplasty" or "rhinoplasty variations". The reference lists of identified papers were searched for further leads. The search results were sorted out and selected papers that provided comprehensive technical description of rhinoplasty procedures in different populations were included for further review. We excluded single case reports and non-English-language articles to facilitate the review process. Results: Fifty-three articles meet the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. The literature shows that European population prefers smaller noses, while Asian populations have the opposite. The nose structure and preferences of Middle Eastern population are significantly different from the other two. This requires the surgeon to fully communicate with the patient before the operation and carefully evaluate the patient's nasal anatomical characteristics and the patient's own preferences, and be ready for anticipatory management. Conclusions: In comparison to rhinoplasty for white people, dorsal augmentation using alloplastic implants is more common in Asian. Multi-layer cartilage tip grafting, modified vertical dome division and simple nose tip grafting are of great value to the improvement of Asian nose tips. In Asian rhinoplasty, the treatment of crooked nose, humps, and nasal septum requires careful attention. The anatomical characteristics of the patient's nose and face must be carefully explored.

Chromium iodide monolayers, which have different magnetic properties in comparison to the bulk chromium iodide, have been shown to form skyrmionic states in applied electromagnetic fields or in Janus-layer devices. In this work, we demonstrate that spin-canted solutions can be induced into monolayer chromium iodide by select substitution of iodide atoms with isovalent impurities. Several concentrations and spatial configurations of halide substitutional defects are selected to probe the coupling between the local defect-induced geometric distortions and orientation of chromium magnetic moments. This work provides atomic-level insight into how atomically precise strain-engineering can be used to create and control complex magnetic patterns in chromium iodide layers and lays out the foundation for investigating the field- and geometric-dependent magnetic properties in similar two-dimensional materials.

International audience; Multi-node CAN bus network tended to have higher requirements for communication capability. In the multi-node CAN bus network which does not need application layer protocol of CAN bus to develop, with the increase of nodes, the difficulty of system maintenance and optimization increases. If a node breaks down, it is necessary to check all the nodes one by one to find the fault, which is inconvenient to troubleshoot. A method of communication state monitoring for multi-node CAN bus network is proposed, for multi-node CAN bus network, firstly, the program structure of communication state monitoring is designed, each node ID is set, then test data is sent, finally the communication state of all nodes is achieved and the error node information is displayed through the upper computer, rapid and reliable positioning of the wrong nodes is realized. The result shows that this method is an effective method for communication state monitoring.

In this paper, a mapping model for product surface morphology design based on ergonomics is proposed. The method advances the traditional approaches based on anthropometric measurements to a new one based on digitised product surfaces; thus, it simplifies the complexity of non-uniform rational B-spline surface representation during product design. The method was constructed by converting the experimental data to the surface shapes based on the pressure distribution map. An adjustment algorithm is presented to eliminate the errors in mapping non-planar base shapes. The experimental mapping data are pretreated, so that the mapping process reflects the statistical characteristics of the tested groups as far as possible. Based on the mapping model, a prototype implementation system for ergonomic product design is developed. As an example, a car seat design is presented to show the performance and availability of the method.

A wireless distributed data acquisition and control system which is suitable for Industrial monitoring and control areas is present in this paper. The upper computer of the system is programmed by using LabView, and it communicates with lower computer via WIFI. A STM32F407 card as main control card, and three STM32F103 cards as slave card, contained in lower computer system, in which the cards communicate with each other via RS485. Slave cards are used to collect data and control peripherals. This system has a good many advantages: high transmission rate, strong anti-interference capability, simple wiring, easy to extend etc., and it apply to functional detection device of massage chair successfully.

In this paper, a dynamic model was proposed for a cushioning packaging system. Conditions for resonance were obtained by applying the variational iteration method (VIM), which should be avoided in the cushioning packaging design.

International audience; Disassembly operations play a very important role during the initial design phase of industrial products. The disassembly evaluation methods available today seldom make disassembly as the preferred end-of-life solution for the reuse of parts or components in an economically sustainable way for lower value products. In virtual environment (VE), for instance, a human model is often involved in a digital mock-up (DMU) model for assembly/disassembly (A/D) evaluation. However, it has limited application areas because of the high cost investment. Focusing on the evaluation of disassembly operations in a virtual environment, a method based on five new criteria - visibility of a part, disassembly angles, number of tools’ changes, path orientation changing, and sub-assembly stability - is proposed here. All five criteria are presented by automatically calculated dimensionless coefficients, thus allowing the evaluation of the complexity of disassembly sequences in a virtual environment. For this purpose, a mixed virtual reality disassembly environment (VRDE) based on Python programming language has been developed, using VTK (Visualization Toolkit) and ODE (Open Dynamics Engine) libraries. The results of the analysis and findings demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach thus providing significant assistance for the evaluation

Viscoelastic model of corn straw, based on different moisture contents, is set up to characterise the deformation through three-point bending test. The model contains a linear elastic element, a damping element, and a nonlinear elastic element. The parameters of the model are determined according to the features of three-point bending test curve and characteristic of the model. The relationships between mechanical properties, energy absorption behavior of corn stalk, and moisture content have been, respectively, analysed. And regression analysis and curve fitting have been conducted based on various parameters and moisture contents with Matlab. These parameters provide the basis for straw crushing equipment design.

We have investigated mesoscale circulations and atmospheric CO2 variations over a heterogeneous landscape of forests, pastures, and large rivers during the Santarém Mesoscale Campaign (SMC) of August 2001. The atmospheric CO2 concentration variations were simulated using the Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modeling System with four nested grids that included a 1-km finest grid centered on the Tapajós National Forest. Surface CO2 fluxes were prescribed using idealized diurnal cycles over forest and pasture that derived from flux tower observations; while surface water CO2 efflux was prescribed using a value suggested by situ measurements in the Amazon region. Our simulation ran from 1 August through 15 August 2001, which was concurrent with the SMC. Evaluation against flux tower observations and Belterra meteorological tower measurements shoed that the model captured the observed 2-m temperatures and 10-m winds reasonably well. At 57 m the model reproduced the daytime CO2 concentration better than the nighttime concentration but missed the observed early morning CO2 maxima, in part because of the difficulties of simulating stable nocturnal boundary conditions and subgrid-scale intracanopy processes. The results also suggested that the topography, the differences in roughness length between water and land, the "T" shape juxtaposition of Amazon and Tapajós Rivers, and the resulting horinzontal and vertical wind shears all facilitated the generation of local mesoscale circulations. Possible mechanisms producing a low-level convergence (LLC) line near the east bank of the Tapajós River were explored. Under strong trade wind conditions, mechanical forcing is more important than thermal forcing in LLC formation. Persistent clouds near the east side of the Tapajós River may have a significant impact on observed ecosystem carbon flux and should be taken into account if tower fluxes are to be generalized to a larger region. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.

A new control method is proposed for fabric tension regulation in an electronic let-off and take-up system designed for rapier loom. It is based on a fuzzy pre-compensator PID control strategy, which actively compensates for dynamic changes in the system and unpredictable external disturbances. The performance of scheme performed on an AC servomotor tension control has been tested under the varying load conditions. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed tension controller in coping with large dynamic variations commonly seen in web tension applications.

Smart antenna technology is one of key technologies used in the TD-SCDMA system. By using DSP algorithms and dynamically generating the beam patterns, a smart antenna can greatly reduce the interference and increase the system capacity. The concept of smart antenna is presented and a novel detection technique called joint space-time processing based on the smart antenna is described. Simulation results on the uplink performance of TD-SCDMA in a macrocellular environment are also included. It can be seen that the smart antenna system has much better performance than a system without a smart antenna and can meet the requirements of the third-generation systems.