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Background Ilioinguinal (IL) and iliohypogastric (IH) nerve blocks are used in patients with chronic postherniorrhaphy pain. The present study tested the hypothesis that our method, previously developed in cadavers, blocks the nerves separately and selectively in human volunteers. Methods We blocked the IL and the IH nerves in 16 volunteers in a single-blinded randomized cross-over setting under direct ultrasound visualization, by injecting two times the ED95 volume of 1% mepivacaine needed to block a peripheral nerve. The anaesthetized skin areas were tested by pinprick and marked on the skin. A digital photo was taken. For further analysis, the parameterized picture data were transformed into a standardized and unified coordinate system to compare and calculate the overlap of the anaesthetized skin areas of the two nerves on each side. An overlap

Genital prolapse is frequent and can be found in about 50% of parous women. Its etiology is complex and multifactorial. Predisposing factors include: genetics (connective tissue disorders, family history); general state (age, parity, weight, smoking, obstructive pulmonary disease); trauma (carrying heavy loads, intense physical exercise); or iatrogenic (post hysterectomy). Treatment can be conservative or surgical and depends mainly on the severity of symptoms. Developments in surgical techniques and synthetic material in the last 20 years enabled us to use minimally invasive procedures with improved post operative course and decreased recurrence rates.