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International audience; Black carbon (BC) emissions intensify global warming and are linked to adverse health effects. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) considers the impact of BC emissions from international shipping. A prerequisite for the anticipated limits to BC emissions from marine engines is a reliable measurement method. The three candidate methods (photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), laser-induced incandescence (LII), and filter smoke number (FSN)) selected by the IMO were evaluated with extensive ship exhaust matrices obtained by different fuels, engines, and emission control devices. A few instruments targeted for atmospheric measurements were included as well. The BC concentrations were close to each other with the smoke meters (AVL 415S and 415SE), PAS (AVL MSS), LII (Artium-300), MAAP 5012, aethalometers (Magee AE-33 and AE-42), and EC (TOA). In most cases, the standard deviation between instruments was in the range of 5–15% at BC concentrations below 30 mg Sm−3. Some differences in the BC concentrations measured with these instruments were potentially related to the ratio of light-absorbing compounds to sulphates or to particle sizes and morphologies. In addition, calibrations, sampling, and correction of thermophoretic loss of BC explained differences in the BC results. However, overall differences in the BC results obtained with three candidate methods selected by the IMO were low despite challenging exhaust compositions from marine diesel engines. Findings will inform decision making on BC emission control from marine engines.; Les émissions de noir de carbone (BC) intensifient le réchauffement climatique et sont liées à des effets néfastes sur la santé. L'Organisation maritime internationale (OMI) examine l'impact des émissions de CB provenant du transport maritime international. Une méthode de mesure fiable est une condition préalable aux limites anticipées des émissions de CB des moteurs marins. Les trois méthodes candidates (spectroscopie photoacoustique (PAS), incandescence induite par laser (LII) et indice de fumée de filtre (FSN)) sélectionnées par l'OMI ont été évaluées avec de vastes matrices d'échappement de navires obtenues par différents carburants, moteurs et dispositifs de contrôle des émissions. Quelques instruments ciblés pour les mesures atmosphériques ont également été inclus. Les concentrations en BC étaient proches les unes des autres avec les Smoke meter (AVL 415S et 415SE), PAS (AVL MSS), LII (Artium-300), MAAP 5012, aethalometers (Magee AE-33 et AE-42) et EC (TOA ). Dans la plupart des cas, l'écart type entre les instruments était de l'ordre de 5 à 15 % à des concentrations de BC inférieures à 30 mg Sm-3. Certaines différences dans les concentrations de BC mesurées avec ces instruments étaient potentiellement liées au rapport des composés absorbant la lumière aux sulfates ou aux tailles et morphologies des particules. De plus, les étalonnages, l'échantillonnage et la correction de la perte thermophorétique de BC ont expliqué les différences dans les résultats de BC. Cependant, les différences globales dans les résultats de BC obtenus avec trois méthodes candidates sélectionnées par l'OMI étaient faibles malgré les compositions d'échappement difficiles des moteurs diesel marins. Les résultats éclaireront la prise de décision sur le contrôle des émissions de BC des moteurs marins.

Black carbon (BC) emissions intensify global warming and are linked to adverse health effects. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) considers the impact of BC emissions from international shipping. A prerequisite for the anticipated limits to BC emissions from marine engines is a reliable measurement method. The three candidate methods (photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), laser-induced incandescence (LII), and filter smoke number (FSN)) selected by the IMO were evaluated with extensive ship exhaust matrices obtained by different fuels, engines, and emission control devices. A few instruments targeted for atmospheric measurements were included as well. The BC concentrations were close to each other with the smoke meters (AVL 415S and 415SE), PAS (AVL MSS), LII (Artium-300), MAAP 5012, aethalometers (Magee AE-33 and AE-42), and EC (TOA). In most cases, the standard deviation between instruments was in the range of 5–15% at BC concentrations below 30 mg Sm−3. Some differences in the BC concentrations measured with these instruments were potentially related to the ratio of light-absorbing compounds to sulphates or to particle sizes and morphologies. In addition, calibrations, sampling, and correction of thermophoretic loss of BC explained differences in the BC results. However, overall differences in the BC results obtained with three candidate methods selected by the IMO were low despite challenging exhaust compositions from marine diesel engines. Findings will inform decision making on BC emission control from marine engines.