Search

Surgical treatment is the most important part of therapy for endometrial cancer. The aim of the study was to define factors having the most significant impact on surgical treatment of endometrial cancer when using traditional and laparoscopic methods. In the study, we evaluated 75 females who were treated for endometrial cancer via laparoscopic surgery in 2019 and used a historical control of 70 patients treated by laparotomy in 2011. The evaluated risk factors included the method of surgery, type of lymphadenectomy, patient&rsquo, s age, various obesity parameters, histological grading, cancer clinical staging, pelvic dimensions, previous abdominal surgeries, comorbidities, and number of deliveries. The duration of hospitalization, operation time, loss of hemoglobin, and procedure-related complications were used as parameters of perioperative outcomes. Multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed the following factors as being predictors of worse perioperative outcomes: laparotomy, abdominal obesity (waist circumstance and waist-to-hip ratio), range of lymphadenectomy, prior abdominal surgeries, and larger pelvic dimensions. Abdominal obesity is a significant risk factor in the treatment of endometrial cancer. Laparotomy continues to be utilized frequently in the management of endometrial cancer in Poland as well as elsewhere, and adopting a minimally invasive approach is likely to be beneficial for patient outcome.

Background Endometrial cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the female reproductive organs. A dysfunctional endometrial renin-angiotensin system (RAS) might contribute to the growth and spread of endometrial cancer. The RAS-related gene polymorphisms, including the polymorphism of insertion/deletion (I/D) in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, influence RAS activity. Objectives In the present study, we examined the association between the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and endometrial cancer risk in Polish women. Material and methods Genotype analysis of the ACE I/D polymorphism was carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on 142 endometrial cancer type 1 patients and 68 cancer-free subjects. The results of the analyses were correlated with clinical data. Results The frequency of DD, DI and II ACE genotypes did not vary significantly between the experimental group and the control group (40 (28%), 61 (43%) and 41 (29%) vs 18 (26%), 31 (46%), and 19 (28%), respectively; p = 0.935). In addition, the incidence of the DD, DI and II polymorphisms in the ACE gene did not vary significantly between the experimental subgroups when stratified by cancer grade - G1, G2 and G3 endometrioid carcinoma - and the control group. Furthermore, the ACE polymorphism was not significantly associated with hypertension, diabetes or lymph node metastasis. Conclusions The ACE I/D gene polymorphism was not associated with endometrial cancer risk or the clinicopathological features in Polish women.

Background: Numerous studies have shown a relationship between low serum selenium levels and an increased risk of developing cancer. Methods: A total of 306 women participated in the study: 153 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 153 healthy women who were matched, in terms of birth year (+/−3 years), to the patients from the study group. The quantitative measurement of selenium content in the collected blood samples was performed using a mass spectrometer with excitation in inductively coupled plasma. In order to determine the relationship between the risk factors and the incidence of endometrial cancer, analyses based on single- and multi-factor conditional logistic regression models were performed. Results: The mean concentration of selenium was lower in patients with endometrial cancer than in healthy controls (60.63 µg/L (0.77 µmol/L) vs. 78.74 µg/L (0.99 µmol/L), respectively). When compared in quartiles, a significant association of lower selenium concentration with the incidence of endometrial cancer was recorded. The highest OR was observed in the first and second quartiles (OR-22.0, p-value < 0.001; medium selenium level 46.95 µg/L (0.59 µmol/L), and OR-5.94; p-value < 0.001; medium selenium level 63.60 µg/L (0.80 µmol/L), respectively). Conclusion: A strong correlation between the level of selenium in the blood serum and the risk of endometrial cancer indicates that patients with low levels should be a candidate group requiring appropriate preventive examinations. Further research on a larger group of patients is required.

Objectives: The aim of the study was the evaluation of repeatability and reproducibility of chosen urethral neck mobility measurements obtained during introital pelvic floor sonography performed with a 2D transvaginal probe. Material and methods: In order to assess the repeatability and reproducibility, independent measurements on the ultra­sound image were taken by two specialists on 92 female patients at rest and at strain (Valsalva maneuver). 2D ultrasound examination was performed introitally with a transvaginal probe (PFS-TV). The location of the urethral internal orifice was defined with coordinates of two points. Point CI marks the urethral anterior edge visualized on ultrasound as closer to the pubic symphysis. Point CII marks the posterior edge visualized more peripherally from pubic symphysis. Results: Repeatability and reproducibility measurements of point CI location and mobility were good and very good (0.6710–0.9961), while of point CII — were medium, good and very good (0.5738–0.9944). Point CI was clearly visible in all cases. It was not possible to accurately mark point CII in 4.3–17.4% of cases. Conclusions: The possibility to visualize point CI in every single case with very good and good repeatability and reproduc­ibility of measurements of this point’s location and mobility allows the usage of CI point as a universal reference point for evaluation of bladder neck mobility and position during PFS-TV in the clinical practice and for research purposes.

Streszczenie Wstep Obserwacje dzieci ze skoliozą noszących gorsety ortopedyczne wskazują na obnizony nastroj badanych. Cel pracy Celem badania bylo określenie poziomu neurotyzmu oraz poczucia wlasnej skuteczności u dzieci ze skoliozą noszących gorset w porownaniu z dziecmi zdrowymi. Dodatkowo badanie mialo na celu poznanie subiektywnej oceny dzieci w gorsetach w porownaniu z grupą zdrową oraz uzyskanie informacji o ewentualnej podświadomej checi pokazania sie w lepszym świetle. Material i Metoda Przebadano za pomocą testu M. Choynowskiego i E. Skrzypek Jaki jesteś? oraz Skali KompOs Z. Juczynskiego 65 dzieci (11–18 lat): 34 dzieci ze skoliozą noszących gorset oraz 31 dzieci zdrowych. Dodatkowo dzieci dokonaly opisu siebie za pomocą 3 z wybranych 16 przymiotnikow. Wyniki Badani w obu grupach nie roznili sie w sposob statystycznie istotny pod wzgledem poziomu neurotyzmu, sily dzialania, poczucia wlasnej skuteczności, pozytywnej i negatywnej oceny siebie. Dzieci noszące gorset okazaly sie bardziej wytrwale w realizacji swoich celow. Ponadto dzieci noszące gorset osiągnely wyzsze wyniki w skali klamstwa, co sugeruje, iz chcialy sie pokazac w lepszym świetle, czując sie najprawdopodobniej niedowartościowane. Wnioski Wskazane jest objecie opieką psychologiczną dzieci noszących gorset ortopedyczny, zwlaszcza w zakresie podwyzszenia ich poczucia wlasnej wartości.

Wstep Przebywając na oddzialach urazowo-ortopedycznych pacjenci oczekujący na zabieg operacyjny korekcji skoliozy rzadko mają mozliwośc rozmowy z psychologiem, a zatem uzyskania wsparcia w tej trudnej sytuacji. Jak wiadomo, nie wszystkie dzieci potrafią poradzic sobie z bolem, a powstalą w wyniku stresu zlośc rozladowac w konstruktywny sposob. Cel Celem badania byla ocena sily indywidualnych przekonan dotyczących kontrolowania bolu osobiście (wewnetrznie), poprzez wplyw lekarzy (sila innych) oraz przypadkowe zdarzenia, ocena nasilenia gniewu zewnetrznego i wewnetrznego, jak rowniez nastroju przed operacją i po zabiegu. Metoda Zbadano 20 dzieci w wieku 15–18 lat (19 dziewcząt i 1 chlopiec) za pomocą Kwestionariusza Przekonan na Temat Kontroli Bolu (BPCQ) autorstwa Suzanne Skevington oraz Zygfryda Juczynskiego oraz Skali Ekspresji Gniewu (SEG) Niny Oginskiej-Bulik i Zygfryda Juczynskiego. Nastroj oceniali pacjenci wedlug skali 0–10 (0 – najnizszy nastroj, 10 – najwyzszy). W taki sam sposob oceniali odczuwane przez nich nasilenia bolu (0 – najnizszy, 10 – najwyzszy) [1] . Wyniki Uzyskane wyniki surowe przeliczano na skale stenową wedlug tabel autora [1] , a nastepnie porownywano ich średnie wielkości. Dzieci oceniające bol jako przypadkowe zdarzenie najnizej ocenialy nastroj przed oraz po operacji skoliozy. Ich ocena bolu po zabiegu, w porownaniu z badanymi potrafiącymi kontrolowac wlasne doznania bolowe samemu bądź dzieki pomocy lekarzy byla najwyzsza. Badani chorzy (z wyjątkiem jednej osoby) wykazali znacznie wyzszy gniew wewnetrzny od gniewu zewnetrznego, co mogloby sugerowac, iz nie potrafią oni rozladowac zlości powstającej w nich na skutek trudnej sytuacji. Wnioski Wskazane jest przeprowadzenie badan na wiekszej grupie dzieci oraz wlączenie opieki psychologicznej jako standardu postepowania z osobami przed operacją i po operacji kregoslupa, w celu obnizenia leku oraz konstruktywnego rozladowania powstalej zlości.

Children in the scoliosis surgery ward rarely have the possibility of meeting a psychologist to get support in this difficult situation. As we know, not all children can manage their pain on their own and discharge anger born out of the situation in a constructive way. The purpose of the study is to estimate the strength of individual beliefs conditioning the management of pain (internally), the influence of staff on the management of pain (the influence of others) as well as accidental factors. Also, the objective is to estimate the level of internal and external expression of anger and to estimate the mood of a child before and after the surgery. 52 children between the age of 12.5-17 years old (35 girls and 17 boys) were examined with the Pain Control Beliefs questionnaire by Suzanne Skevington and the Expression of Anger Scale by Oginska. Children who believed their pain was an accidental occurrence reported their mood as being at its lowest, before and after the procedure. Their estimation of the pain experience was the highest. The group taking part in the examination (except for one person) showed a much higher internal expression of anger than that of external which could suggest that they cannot discharge their anger arising out of this difficult situation. It is recommended to expand this research on a bigger group of children and to include psychological support as a standard procedure before and after the surgery for spinal deformity in order to decrease the level of fear and to work with constructive anger discharge.

In prenatal or after birth case, parents learn about their child's diagnosis soon after his or her birth or even in a prenatal period during fetal ultrasound examination [2] This information is always difficult for a parent. How they will cope with the problem of their child's illness largely depends on the support they receive and give to each other, their personalities and the way the information is forwarded by their doctor. Information in the prenatal period may allow a child's parents to be better prepared for this situation, seek medical and psychological help.