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The rising importance of preprints and the growing number of journals accepting them necessitate a (re)definition of an overlay journal and its place in today's publishing context. Using a snowball search strategy, we searched Web of Science and Scopus databases for articles on overlay journals. From these articles, we identified 28 overlay journals that fit the traditional overlay journal definition (they did not host articles but provided links to final versions on repositories or they searched repositories for viable preprints to publish) or that defined themselves as overlay journals. Most journals were not indexed in bibliographic databases, and crucial information such as journal ownership was not publicly available. Likewise, most journals both self- hosted articles and provided links to final versions on repositories, which might mean repositories are more valuable in their 'open access' functionality than in the capacity for hosting articles. Editorial policies and practices of these overlay journals were often undeveloped or non-existent. It seems overlay journals remain a niche publishing model in 2021, especially due to the increased number of journals accepting preprints and using preprint servers in their core functionality. However, overlay journals can take an 'active' approach in finding, reviewing, and publishing preprints, replacing other inefficient publishing models.

Organizational climate and culture are important for research organizations because they foster research integrity and responsible conduct of research, reduce questionable research practices, and improve job satisfaction. The aim of our study was to explore how employees and students perceive organizational climate and its consequences in the university setting. We conducted semi-structured interviews with senior students and employees (teaching and non-teaching staff) from two different university schools: School of Medicine and Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. Participants were asked questions regarding perceived climate, working environment, and the role of the institution. The data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis approach. Three themes were identified. The first theme addressed the difference in the perception and understanding of organizational climate. The second theme dealt with institutional issues emanating from organizational climate. The third theme described the behavior of stakeholders in the formation of organizational climate. Organizational climate is important concept in academic organizations as it influences both employees, particularly early career researchers, and students. Institutional leadership can strongly influence organizational climate, which can in turn affect job and job satisfaction. Due to the importance of personal morality on everyday decision-making, virtue-based research integrity training could be useful in improving academic institutions' organizational climate.

Plaque reduces the conductivity of the blood vessel and its shape is more important than its quantity. We show that, for given quantity, the conductivity is maximal if the plaque forms a uniform layer next to the vessel wall and leaves a circular hole in the middle. On the other hand, for any quantity of the plaque a shape can be found such that the conductivity of the vessel is arbitrary close to zero.

Aim. Comorbidities pose a major challenge for 21st century medicine. The mutual pathophysiological effect of one disease on another can significantly affect their course and prognosis. The aims of this study were to examine the frequency of comorbidities and the most common psychiatric and somatic comorbidities and to determine the difference in the incidence of certain diseases by gender and age. Methods. Data were recorded in several groups: demographic characteristics, psychiatric and somatic diagnoses classified according to gender, age, and the legally determined ability to work, and correlations of somatic and psychiatric diagnoses. Results. The most common psychiatric diagnoses in men were post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25%) and alcoholism (23%), while in women these were recurrent depressive disorder (19%) and psychosis (10%). A statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of alcoholism and PTSD, which are more common in men than in women. The most common somatic diseases in both sexes were arterial hypertension (M = 33%, F = 46%) and diabetes mellitus (M = 18%, F = 32%). Statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of hypertension (p = 0.03) and epilepsy (p = 0.002), which are more common in men. The ratio alcoholism-hypertension (p = 0.03), alcoholism-diabetes (p < 0.0001), alcoholism-COPD (p < 0.001) was statistically significant. Conclusion. It is extremely important to improve the multidisciplinary approach and cooperation in treatment in order to reduce the number of hospitalizations, emergency interventions and suicides and to improve the patients’ quality of life and life expectancy.

We study the asymptotic behaviour of the periodically mixed Zaremba problem. We cover the part of the boundary by a chess board with a small period (square size) $\varepsilon$ and impose the Dirichlet condition on black and the Neumann condition on white squares. As $\varepsilon \to 0$, we get the effective boundary condition which is always of the Dirichlet type. The Dirichlet data on the boundary, however, depend on the ratio between the magnitudes of the two boundary values.

U ovom završnom radu objašnjeno je kako je nastala filozofija za djecu te koji su njezini temelji. Analizira se Sokratova dijaloška metoda i Kantovo kritičko mišljenje s ciljem dokazivanja koje sve dobrobiti nose za djecu. Dokazuje se i analizira utjecaj implementacije filozofije za djecu u odgojno-obrazovni sustav. Dokazuje se dobrobit na djecu kroz tuđe izvore rada te kroz vlastito istraživanje : jedno koje dokazuje pozitivan utjecaj filozofije s djecom na dječji um, s naglaskom na dijalog i kritičko mišljenje te istraživanje koje analizira i dokazuje koliko su odgojitelji upoznati s filozofijom za djecu, koliko je primjenjuju u svojoj praksi te jesu li spremni educirati se na tom području. This final thesis explains how philosophy for children originated and what its foundations are . It analyzes Socratic dialogue method and Kant´s critical thinking with the aim of demonstrating the benefits they bring to children. The impact of implementing philosophy for children in the educational system is proven and analyzed. The benefits for children are demonstrated through external sources of work as well as through the autor´s own research. One aspect provest the positive influence of philosophy on children's minds, with an emphasis on dialogue and critical thinking. Another aspect of the research analyzes and demonstrates how familiar educators are with philosophy for children, how they apply it in their practice and whether they are willing to receive training in that area.

In the territory of the western part of the Croatian electrical power system (EPS) lines 110 kV of the transmission network have been reconstructed for the purpose of improvement of safety and drive quality. The particularity of the observed part of the EPS is that its environment includes only one powerful power supply source. Those are two thermal power plants on the same location, Plomin 1 with the voltage level of 110 kVand Plomin 2 with the voltage level of 220 kV. The fault which occurred in the observed network is charged almost entirely from one supply point. The said inconsistence in the fault currents distribution often results in the occurrence of such conditions that do not guarantee proper operation of the transmission lines’ protection relays. Relay protection of the transmission lines has become a complex system. The use of telecommunication resources together with numerical protection relays has given rise to the need for verification of the entire system as a whole and not only its individual parts. The performance of primary trials in the transmission network 110 kV was used to test the operation of the protection system in the fault ambience. The work describes the preparatory work and the very performance of primary trials at the T-junction of the 110 kV transmission line of Plomin thermal power plant − Šijana substation − Vinčent substatio.

We present the experience of journal editors in improving the quality of published papers. As the editors of the Croatian Medical Journal, a journal from the so-called scientific periphery, we realized, very early after the start of the journal in 1991, that our authors needed significant assistance with their articles. We worked individually with journal authors and then moved this activity to the next stage – intensive workshops for authors. The work with the journals enabled us to extend these activities to graduate and postgraduate students – future authors. © 2022, European Association of Science Editors.

Za ovaj rad nije dostupan sažetak.

This paper addresses the challenges of developing a modern power system laboratory at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb. Focused on problem-based learning, the laboratory, developed together by professors and students, is a key to practical teaching of power system design, analysis and control.

The method used for neutral point grounding is very important for power network operation. There are many ways of grounding, which are used in practice, and the decision on the method of neutral grounding depends on the situation in the network connected to the substation. When deciding on the method of neutral grounding it is necessary to thoroughly consider all the advantages and disadvantages of individual modes of neutral grounding, and then choose the best technical and economical solution. This paper analyzes the ways of neutral point grounding in medium voltage networks used in the current practice in Croatia which are isolated neutral point, low resistance earthing, partial compensation and resonant earthing. The use of shunt circuit-breaker is also described. Additionally, a survey of the relays used for the neutral point grounding system inside the substations was conducted and a brief analysis of the results is presented in the paper.

This paper analyses the fundamental principles of distance protection relays while highlighting the importance of correct relay parameterising through a set of relay tests. Numerical distance relays can have up to 6 distance zones, and nowadays most of them have a quadrilateral (polygonal) characteristic. The specific objective of this study was to apply those principles on a SIPROTEC distance protection 7SA611 relay with the help of Omicron CMC 56 testing device, as well as to describe the testing process. As a part of the testing, DIGSI and Test Universe Software were used. Experimental results confirm the theoretical principles of distance protection and show the advantages of numerical relays. This paper concludes that optimal choice of reach settings and time delays between the zones, as well as zone directions, can significantly impact the selectivity of the protection system, and therefore the scope and time of the outage.

Promoting and implementing research integrity is considered the joint responsibility and effort of multiple stakeholders in the research community. We conducted a scoping review and analyzed 236 research articles and gray literature publications from biomedical sciences, social sciences, natural sciences (including engineering), and humanities that dealt with the factors that may positively or negatively impact the promotion and implementation of research integrity. Critical appraisal of evidence was performed for studies describing interventions aimed at research integrity promotion in order to provide insight into the effectiveness of these interventions. The results of this scoping review provide a comprehensive taxonomy of factors with positive or negative impact and their relatedness to individual researchers, research performing and funding organizations, and the system of science. Moreover, the results show that efforts for fostering and promoting research integrity should be implemented at all three levels (researcher, institution, system) simultaneously to deliver greater adherence and implementation of research integrity practices. Although various educational interventions aiming at research integrity promotion exist, we were not able to conclude on the effectiveness of explored interventions due to the methodological quality issues in the studies.

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is an important component of forests in the alpine and continental biogeographical regions of Croatia. This study aimed to (1) analyze the long-term response of beech to climate, (2) identify potentially critical climatic conditions that could negatively affect the radial increment (RI) and vitality of beech, and (3) evaluate differences in the response of beech between the two biogeographical regions in Croatia. We used the 16 × 16 km Croatian ICP Forests Level 1 network. On a total of 25 plots, we cored between 5 and 24 trees for dendrochronological analysis. Tree-ring widths (TRW) were measured and standardized using cubic spline. TRW chronologies for the two regions were calculated and correlated to the temperature and precipitation data and Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) using bootstrapped correlations. Continental region precipitation from April to August and alpine region precipitation from June to August were significantly important for RI. Temperature was less important for RI than precipitation in both regions, but the importance of the negative impact of above-average temperatures in the continental region and the positive impact of above-average precipitation in the alpine region has increased over the last two decades. A comparison with the 3-month SPEI confirmed the significant influence of high temperatures and the lack of precipitation in August on the RI of beech trees in both regions.

S. epidermidis is an important opportunistic pathogen causing chronic prosthetic joint infections associated with biofilm growth. Increased tolerance to antibiotic therapy often requires prolonged treatment or revision surgery. Phage therapy is currently used as compassionate use therapy and continues to be evaluated for its viability as adjunctive therapy to antibiotic treatment or as an alternative treatment for infections caused by S. epidermidis to prevent relapses. In the present study, we report the isolation and in vitro characterization of three novel lytic S. epidermidis phages. Their genome content analysis indicated the absence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors. Detailed investigation of the phage preparation indicated the absence of any prophage-related contamination and demonstrated the importance of selecting appropriate hosts for phage development from the outset. The isolated phages infect a high proportion of clinically relevant S. epidermidis strains and several other coagulase-negative species growing both in planktonic culture and as a biofilm. Clinical strains differing in their biofilm phenotype and antibiotic resistance profile were selected to further identify possible mechanisms behind increased tolerance to isolated phages.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection of the human central nervous system caused by the TBE virus (TBEV). The most effective protective measure against TBE is vaccination. Despite the highly immunogenic vaccine, cases of vaccine breakthroughs (VBTs) occur. One of the first targets of infection is dendritic cells (DC), which represent a fundamental bridge between innate and adaptive immunity through antigen presentation, costimulation, and cytokine production. Therefore, we investigated the activation and maturation of DCs and cytokine production after in vitro TBEV stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from VBT and unvaccinated TBE patients. Our results showed that the expression of HLA-DR and CD86 on DCs, was upregulated to a similar extent in both vaccinated and unvaccinated TBE patients but differed in cytokine production after stimulation with TBEV. PBMCs from patients with VBT TBE responded with lower levels of IFN-α and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-12 (p70) and IL-15 after 24- and 48-hour in vitro stimulation with TBEV, possibly facilitating viral replication and influencing the development of cell-mediated immunity. On the other hand, significantly higher levels of IL-6 in addition to an observed trend of higher expression of TNF-α measured after 6 days of in vitro stimulation of PBMC could support disruption of the blood–brain barrier and promote viral and immune cell influx into the CNS, leading to more severe disease in VBT TBE patients.

Ultrasonic and radiographic testing are generally two basic methods for volumetric (internal) defect detection in non-destructive testing. Since both methods are commonly used for the same thing, the question arises as to whether both are equally capable of detecting some commonly occurring defects in manufacturing. Commonly occurring defects are generally considered to be fusion defects, drilled holes (which act as pores), etc. To prove or disprove the hypothesis that both methods can generally be used to detect these defects, an experiment was conducted using three welded plates with artificially inserted defects. The welded plates had multiple defects that were intentionally placed close to each other to further complicate the interpretation of the UT results. UT investigation was based on phased-array technology with a multi-element probe. RT investigation was performed with an X-ray machine. Both investigations were based on the respective European standards: for UT, EN ISO 17640, and for RT, EN ISO 17636-1. The results and conclusions from the experiment are presented in this paper.

Rak mokraćnog mjehura predstavlja jednu od najćešćih malignih bolesti, osobito u muške populacije. Utjecaj rizičnih čimbenika na njegov nastanak dobrim je dijelom rasvijetljen, ali čimbenici koji utječu na brzinu napredovanja bolesti nisu sasvim razjašnjeni. Novije spoznaje govore u prilog teze da je osim epitelnog i stromalni dio tumora jednako važan u rastu, razvoju i širenju tumora. Hipoteza ovog istraživanja je da u stromi invazivnog (pT1) papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura postoji izraženija miofibroblastična i upalna reakcija u odnosu na laminu propriju neinvazivnog (pTa) papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura te da histološka razlika u intenzitetu miofibroblastične i upalne reakcije može pomoći u diferencijalnoj dijagnozi ta dva stadija karcinoma. Ovim su istraživanjem analizirane promjene strome u 50 uzoraka invazivnog i 50 uzoraka neinvazivnog papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura te su postavljeni slijedeći ciljevi: 1. analizirati i usporediti intenzitet zelenog obojenja lamine proprije Malloryevom trikrom metodom u invazivnom (pT1) i neinvazivnom (pTa) papilarnom urotelnom karcinomu. 2. analizirati i usporediti izraženost vimentina, dezmina i SMA u lamini propriji invazivnog (pT1) i neinvazivnog (pTa) papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura. 3. analizirati raspodjelu miofibroblasta u u lamini propriji invazivnog (pT1) i neinvazivnog (pTa) papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura. 4. analizirati i usporediti izraženost upalne reakcije u lamini propriji invazivnog (pT1) i neinvazivnog (pTa) papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura. 5. analizirati i usporediti izraženost upalne reakcije te broj eozinofila u lamini propriji invazivnog (pT1) i neinvazivnog (pTa) papilarnog urotelnog karcinoma mokraćnog mjehura. Zeleno obojenje Mallory trikrom metodom bilo je znatno slabije u invazivnom karcinomu (c2-test, p ili = 20 eozinofila/VVP i > ili = 60 eozinofila/10VVP imaju specifičnost i pozitivnu prediktivnu vrijednost u dijagnozi invazije u laminu propriju 96% i 93%, odnosno 94% i 90%. Broj eozinofila korelirao je sa stupnjem upale u neinvazivnih (Spearmanov test korelacije, p, The aims of this study were to analyze stromal changes in papillary urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder with lamina propria invasion. For the assessment of myofibroblastic reaction, Mallory trichrome method and immunohistochemical analysis of vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA) and desmin were performed. For the assessment of inflammatory reaction, stromal inflammatory cells and eosinophils were counted. Reactive stroma in invasive carcinoma showed a decreased intensity of green staining by Mallory trichrome method (p>0.001). It also showed increased vimentin and SMA expression (p

Različitim mjerama za sprječavanje PPPL može se povoljno utjecati na tijek bolesti i ishod liječenja. Primarni cilj našeg istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj farmakoterapijskog savjetovanje bolesnika na učestalost kombiniranog ishoda koji se sastojao hospitalizacije i hitnih pregleda, unutar mjesec dana nakon otpusta iz bolnice. Sekundarni cilj bio je utvrditi utjecaj savjetovanja na vrijeme proteklo do hospitalizacije ili hitnog pregleda i njihove uzroke, učestalost i ozbiljnost nuspojava, mortalitet i zadovoljstvo bolesnika kvalitetom liječenja. U istraživanje je uključeno 160 ispitanika u dobi od 65 i više godina kojima je propisana terapija s dva ili više lijekova. Ispitanici su randomizirani u kontrolnu i intervencijsku skupinu. Ispitanici u kontrolnu skupinu dobili su od svojih liječnika uobičajene informacije o lijekovima. S ispitanicima randomiziranim u intervencijsku skupinu prije otpusta iz bolnice klinički farmakolog je provodio farmakoterapijsko savjetovanje, nakon čega su ispitanicima iste informacije date u pisanom obliku. Kontrolna vizita bila je mjesec dana nakon otpusta iz bolnice. Između intervencijske i kontrolne skupine nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u učestalosti hospitalizacije i hitnih pregleda, vremenu proteklom do hospitalizacije i hitnih pregleda, učestalosti i ozbiljnosti nuspojava te mortalitetu. U kontrolnoj skupini značajno veći broj ispitanika koji nisu bili suradljivi u uzimanju lijekova bio je hospitaliziran ili na hitnom pregledu uslijed progresije bolesti, dok se u intervencijskoj skupini značajno veći broj ispitanika javio na hitni pregled zbog nuspojava lijekova. U intervencijskoj skupini su suradljivost u uzimanju lijekova i zadovoljstvo kvalitetom liječenja bila statistički značajno veći nego u kontrolnoj. Na temelju rezultata našeg istraživanja možemo zaključiti da se farmakoterapijskim savjetovanjem može značajno unaprijediti suradljivost u uzimanju lijekova, što može spriječiti progresiju bolesti i u vezi s tim hospitalizaciju odnosno hitni pregled. Edukacijom bolesnika o nuspojavama lijekova one se mogu ranije otkriti čime se najozbiljnije nuspojave mogu spriječiti., The objective of our study was assessment of the influence of pharmacotherapeutic counseling on the incidence of hospital readmission and emergency department visits. We randomly assigned 160 elderly patients to intervention or control group. The intervention group underwent pharmacotherapeutic counseling by a clinical pharmacologist and received written information about proscribed drugs. After 30 days there were no significant differences in readmission or emergency visit rate, time to readmission or emergency visit, incidence and severity of adverse reactions and mortality in the intervention group compared to the control group. Significantly more patients in the control group were hospitalized or visited emergency department because of disease progression due to noncompliance. In the intervention group, significantly more patients were hospitalized or visited emergency department because of adverse drug reactions. Compliance and patients' satisfaction were improved in the intervention group. Results of our study suggest that pharmacotherapeutic counseling can improve patients' compliance, prevent progression of disease and potential hospital admission or emergency department visit. Patients' education can improve early detection of adverse reactions and prevent serious reactions.

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of developing other autoimmune diseases, most commonly autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease. Objectives: To examine the frequency of individual human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles in people with T1DM and associated autoimmune (AI) diseases of the thyroid, digestive system, and skin, and to examine differences in gender and age at the time of diagnosis. Subjects and methods: Subjects were patients referred to the Clinical Institute of Transfusion Medicine for HLA typing. Data were collected in Clinical hospital center Osijek (HLA typing findings, associated autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland, digestive system, and skin ; age and sex). Results: The study was conducted on 147 subjects with T1DM (51.7% women, 48, 3% men). The AI disease of thyroid were most common (24, 5%). Distribution of subjects by age groups differs significantly. The most common HLA alleles in men are HLA-DRB1*03, -DQA1*05, - DQB1*02, and in women HLA-DRB1*03, -DQA1*03, -DQB1*03(DQ8). Subjects with T1DM were more likely to have the DRB1*03-DQA1*05- DQB1*02 haplotype, and female subjects with T1DM were more likely to have the DRB1*08-DQA1*03-DQB1*03(DQ8) haplotype. There is a significant difference in the distribution of subjects with respect to the presence of autoimmune AI thyroid disease versus HLA- DRB1*03/*10, - DRB1*03(DQ8) ; AI of the digestive system disease relative to HLA-DRB1*01 ; AI skin disease versus HLA-DRB1*01, - DQB1*05. Conclusion: Age is associated with an earlier diagnosis of T1DM, while gender is not. Individual HLA alleles have been associated with the earlier onset of T1DM and AI disease. The incidence of T1DM in the population is increasing and a proper understanding of the mechanism of occurrence is crucial to better diagnose and prevent the development of complications.

BackgroundGlobal health diplomacy is the applied practice of foreign affairs to further national goals that focus on health issues requiring international cooperation and collective action. We aimed to determine how international diplomats and health policy-related professionals in the EU understand the concept of health diplomacy, which impacts both diplomatic relations as well as patients' rights.MethodsIn a qualitative interview study, we used a heterogeneous stratified purposeful sampling to reach participants from different countries and different practitioners from the Pyramid of Health Diplomacy: core, multi-stakeholder, and informal. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify the main themes.FindingsWe contacted 131 practitioners of GHD, of which 37 responded, and nine agreed to be interviewed. From 11 interview questions, four main themes emerged from the analysis of the individual interview. The participants reported limited knowledge about the definition of GHD but also that they engaged in daily activities and decisions of inter-governmental bodies. They were not aware of existing special education and training for health attachés and made suggestions for improving the field and practice of GHD. They were not fully familiar with the European Charter of Patients' Rights. There was a consensus from all participants that patient rights need to improve as a fundamental right. They stressed the fact that the hospital lockdown and the right access to healthcare were impaired during the COVID pandemic.InterpretationThe role of health diplomacy in linking public health and foreign affairs is key to respecting patients' rights. Health over other interests is becoming an increasingly critical element in foreign policy. Establishing a clear career path for health attachés is necessary to foster effective global health agreements and coordination across countries.

We evaluated long-term publication outcomes of a workshop on planning and writing a research article attended by medical professionals. A prospective cohort study included 243 participants (68 men and 175 women) attending 18-h workshops on research planning and writing and 243 controls (78 men and 165 women) identified by participants as their professional peers. A total of 17 workshops was organized by the editors of the Croatian Medical Journal, Zagreb, Croatia, from 2003 to 2011. We measured the number of publications, citations and H-indices in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from the time of each workshop to the end of 2017. While workshop participants and their controls had similar publication output before the workshops, workshop participants published significantly more scientific articles and had higher citation rates and H-index after the workshops. For the subgroup of authors who were all followed up for 11 years (n = 398), the increase in the number of articles became apparent in the third post-workshop year, and levelled out after the eighth post-workshop year. Workshop attendance proved to be a significant predictor of post-workshop publishing even when controlled for age, gender, and previous publications (OR = 3.547, CI = 2.320-5.423, p < 0.001), indicating that short-term workshops on planning and writing research may be an important tool to increase long-term scientific productivity of medical professionals.

Tijekom pandemije virusa SARS-CoV-2 onkološki pacijenti označeni su kao posebno rizična skupina. Posebnu skupinu čine pacijenti u tijeku imunoterapije inhibitorima kontrolnih točaka. Čini se kako su koristi imunoterapije u bolesti koje uzrokuje novi koronavirus potpuno potisnule početni strah od očekivanih negativnih utjecaja imunosnog sustava potaknutog inhibitorima kontrolnih točaka. Sprječavanjem iscrpljenosti CD8+ limfocita, smanjenjem razine interleukina-6 i indirektnom regulacijom neutrofila i NK stanica, imunoterapija djeluje na patofiziologiju razvoja blažih oblika bolesti COVID-19. Trenutne spoznaje ističu imunoterapiju kao sigurnu opciju onkološkog liječenja u doba pandemije COVID-19.

In this paper we study the flow of a viscous incompressible conducting fluid through a corrugated channel filled with a porous medium. The fluid flow in the channel is under the action of the transverse magnetic field and driven by the pressure drop between the channel?s edges. Using boundarylayer analysis, we derive a higher-order asymptotic model taking into account the inertia and roughness-induced effects on the filtration velocity.

Еколошки проблеми са којима се сусреће наша земља су бројни, а последице деградације животне средине одражавају се на здравље и квалитет живота грађана. У том контексту, питање еколошког образовања и васпитања и еколошке писмености добија све већи значај. У овом пилот-истраживању испитана је могућност за примену међународног инструмента за одређивање нивоа еколошке писмености Middle School Environmental Literacy Survey (MSELS) на популацију ученика завршних разреда основне школе у Србији. Овај инструмент мери еколошку писменост кроз четири компоненте: еколошко знање, афективни однос према животној средини, когнитивне вештине и проеколошко понашање, са одговарајућим супкомпонентама. Садржај инструмента анализиран је у контексту програма наставе и учења за предмете Биологија и Грађанско васпитање, као и образовних стандарда за крај обавезног образовања за наставни предмет Биологија. У истраживању је коришћен анкетни метод, а за анализу података примењена је дескриптивна статистика. Подаци су прикупљени на узорку ученика седмог разреда основне школе (N=111) са територије Београда. Уз то, одржани су разговори са ученицима у пет групних интервјуа ради провере јасноће садржаја инструмента. Установљено је да је примена овог инструмента примерена по више основа: 1) инструмент је добро теоријски утемељен; 2) инструмент је заснован на целовитом приступу мерењу еколошке писмености; 3) инструмент је адекватан са становишта програма наставе и учења нашег образовног система и 4) инструмент има солидне метријске карактеристике. Поузданост инструмента у целини је ,87. Највиши скор испитани ученици остварили су на компоненти афективног односа према животној средини, у односу на остале мерене компоненте, као и у односу на две државе са којима поредимо добијене резултате (САД, Грчка). Најнижи скор забележен је на скали основних еколошких знања, и закључено је да ученици нису у потпуности овладали знањима која су предвиђена образовним стандардима у настави биологије. Као главни недостатак инструмента може се навести време потребно за попуњавање због обимности садржаја. The environmental issues that our country is faced with are numerous, while the consequences of environmental degradation affect the health and the quality of life of our citizens. In this context, the issue of environmental education and environmental literacy is gaining momentum. In the present pilot research we examined the possibility of applying an international instrument for determining the level of environmental literacy, the Middle School Environmental Literacy Survey (MSELS), on a population of students in the higher grades of elementary school in Serbia. This instrument measures the environmental literacy using four components: environmental knolwedge, environmental affect, cognitive skills, and environmental behavior, together with corresponding sub-components. The content of the instrument was analyzed in the context of Biology and Civic education curricula as well as educational standards for the end of compulsory education for the subject Biology. Survey method was used in the research, while the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The data were collected on a sample of the seventh-grade elementary school students (N=111) from the territory of Belgrade. In addition, five group interviews were conducted with the students to check the clarity of the content of the instrument. The researchers established that the implementation of this instrument is adequate on several grounds: 1) the instrument is well-grounded in theory; 2) the instrument is based on a comprehensive approach to environmental literacy measurement; 3) the instrument is adequate in terms of the teaching and learning program in our education system and 4) the instrument has solid metric features. An overall reliability of the instrument is ,87. The respondents had the highest score in the component of affective attitudes towards environment, relative to other measured components, as well as relative to two countries used for comparing the results (USA, Greece). The lowest score was identified on the scale of the basic environmental knowledge, and the conclusion is that students did not fully master the knowledge envisaged in the educational standards for Biology lessons. The main disadvantage of the instrument is the time required for filling it out due to the amount of the content. Ekološki problemi sa kojima se susreće naša zemlja su brojni, a posledice degradacije životne sredine odražavaju se na zdravlje i kvalitet života građana. U tom kontekstu, pitanje ekološkog obrazovanja i vaspitanja i ekološke pismenosti dobija sve veći značaj. U ovom pilot-istraživanju ispitana je mogućnost za primenu međunarodnog instrumenta za određivanje nivoa ekološke pismenosti Middle School Environmental Literacy Survey (MSELS) na populaciju učenika završnih razreda osnovne škole u Srbiji. Ovaj instrument meri ekološku pismenost kroz četiri komponente: ekološko znanje, afektivni odnos prema životnoj sredini, kognitivne veštine i proekološko ponašanje, sa odgovarajućim supkomponentama. Sadržaj instrumenta analiziran je u kontekstu programa nastave i učenja za predmete Biologija i Građansko vaspitanje, kao i obrazovnih standarda za kraj obaveznog obrazovanja za nastavni predmet Biologija. U istraživanju je korišćen anketni metod, a za analizu podataka primenjena je deskriptivna statistika. Podaci su prikupljeni na uzorku učenika sedmog razreda osnovne škole (N=111) sa teritorije Beograda. Uz to, održani su razgovori sa učenicima u pet grupnih intervjua radi provere jasnoće sadržaja instrumenta. Ustanovljeno je da je primena ovog instrumenta primerena po više osnova: 1) instrument je dobro teorijski utemeljen; 2) instrument je zasnovan na celovitom pristupu merenju ekološke pismenosti; 3) instrument je adekvatan sa stanovišta programa nastave i učenja našeg obrazovnog sistema i 4) instrument ima solidne metrijske karakteristike. Pouzdanost instrumenta u celini je ,87. Najviši skor ispitani učenici ostvarili su na komponenti afektivnog odnosa prema životnoj sredini, u odnosu na ostale merene komponente, kao i u odnosu na dve države sa kojima poredimo dobijene rezultate (SAD, Grčka). Najniži skor zabeležen je na skali osnovnih ekoloških znanja, i zaključeno je da učenici nisu u potpunosti ovladali znanjima koja su predviđena obrazovnim standardima u nastavi biologije. Kao glavni nedostatak instrumenta može se navesti vreme potrebno za popunjavanje zbog obimnosti sadržaja.

The classification of vascular lesions is complex. There is a slight overlap between reactive, developmental and benign vascular tumours, and some conditions defy precise classification. This review follows the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) classification of cutaneous vascular tumors and provides the framework for a systematic study, incorporating as many recent advances in molecular and immunohistochemical diagnostics as possible at this moment in time.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in global healthcare crises and strained health resources, both in the acute and chronic phase of the disease. Similarly to post-acute viral syndromes described in survivors of other virulent coronavirus epidemics, there are increasing reports of persistent and prolonged symptoms after acute COVID-19. These reports and studies have helped contribute to the recognition of post-COVID-19, a syndrome characterized by persistent symptoms and/or delayed or long-term complications beyond 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of different manifestations of post-COVID conditions and propose a framework for the identification of patients at higher risk for post- COVID and their coordinated management through dedicated COVID-19 outpatient clinics.

Background Systematic reviews (SRs) are invaluable evidence syntheses, widely used in biomedicine and other scientific areas. Tremendous resources are being spent on the production and updating of SRs. There is a continuous need to automatize the process and use the workforce and resources to make it faster and more efficient. Methods Information gathered by previous EVBRES research was used to construct a questionnaire for round 1 which was partly quantitative, partly qualitative. Fifty five experienced SR authors were invited to participate in a Delphi study (DS) designed to identify the most promising areas and methods to improve the efficient production and updating of SRs. Topic questions focused on which areas of SRs are most time/effort/resource intensive and should be prioritized in further research. Data were analysed using NVivo 12 plus, Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS. Thematic analysis findings were used on the topics on which agreement was not reached in round 1 in order to prepare the questionnaire for round 2. Results Sixty percent (33/55) of the invited participants completed round 1; 44% (24/55) completed round 2. Participants reported average of 13.3 years of experience in conducting SRs (SD 6.8). More than two thirds of the respondents agreed/strongly agreed the following topics should be prioritized: extracting data, literature searching, screening abstracts, obtaining and screening full texts, updating SRs, finding previous SRs, translating non-English studies, synthesizing data, project management, writing the protocol, constructing the search strategy and critically appraising. Participants have not considered following areas as priority: snowballing, GRADE-ing, writing SR, deduplication, formulating SR question, performing meta-analysis. Conclusions Data extraction was prioritized by the majority of participants as an area that needs more research/methods development. Quality of available language translating tools has dramatically increased over the years (Google translate, DeepL). The promising new tool for snowballing emerged (Citation Chaser). Automation cannot substitute human judgement where complex decisions are needed (GRADE-ing). Trial registration Study protocol was registered at https://osf.io/bp2hu/.

The Srebrenica event during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina has become one of the most famous. It has also brought the first verdict of the criminal offense of genocide before the international body after the Second World War. The purpose of this paper is not to attempt relativization of facts or to answer the question of whether it was truly genocide in a subjective sense, but rather to comment on judicial practice in those essential segments related to dubious questions and theses. The purpose is, of course, to understand the issues in order to understand and classify other terrible events in the recent war or current or future conflicts and trials more easily and correctly, {"references":["the views of the author are not at the same time the attitudes of the member association. He is also a Ph.D. student at the joint doctoral study of \"International Relations\" at the University of Zadar and","] Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, available at: http://www.icty.org/x/file/Legal%20Library/Statute/statute_sept09_bcs.pdf (30.1.2018)","Convention on Punishment and Prevention of Genocide Crime, available at: https://www.istraistria.hr/fileadmin/dokumenti/upravna_tijela/UO_za_tal_nac_zaj/Instrumenti_zastite_ljudskih_prava/I.Mu ltilateralni_odnosi/1.United_narodi/I-1.2Convencija%20o % 20express% 20i% 20inclusion% 20zlocina% 20genocida.pdf (30.1.2018)","Genocide","ICTY Krstić IT-98-33, para. 592nd","Judgment Jorgić , Oberlandesgericht Düsseldorf, of 26 September 1997, www.haguejusticeportal.net/Docs/NLP/Germany/Jorgic_Urteil_26-9-1997. pdf (30.1.2018)"]}

Kardiovaskularne bolesti (KVB) su i dalje glavni uzrok smrti, posebno uzrokovane ishemijskim bolestima, moždanim udarom i zatajenjem srca. Isto tako, u posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća značajno se povećala prevalencija klasičnih kardiovaskularnih čimbenika rizika kao što su hipertenzija, dijabetes, dislipidemija i pretilost u općoj populaciji te prevalencija pušenja među mladim odraslim ženama. U ovom radu razmatraju se najvažniji aspekti koji se odnose na prevenciju kroz promjenu načina života i tjelesnu aktivnost na pojavu kardiovaskularnih bolesti., Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are still the leading cause of death, especially caused by ischemic diseases, stroke and heart failure. Likewise, the prevalence of classic cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and obesity in the general population and the prevalence of smoking among young adult women has increased significantly in recent decades. This paper discusses the most important aspects related to prevention through lifestyle changes and physical activity on the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.

U ovom se radu analiziraju reklame Svijeta, magazina koji je izlazio u međuratnoj Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 1926. do 1936. godine. Magazin Svijet, sinonim za glamur i prestiž u tiskovinama, važan je pokazatelj kulture življenja u Zagrebu tijekom vremena međuratnog blagostanja i društvenih promjena koje su obilježile to razdoblje. U to vrijeme nastaje nova žena, sintagma koju mnogi autori koriste još od kraja 19. stoljeća, označavajući ženu koja mijenja svoje ponašanje i izgled. U radu su stoga analizirane reklame magazina Svijet kroz jedan broj po svakoj godini izlaženja s ciljem da se prouči na koji su način i u kojim ulogama žene prikazivane u reklamama, koje su važan pokazatelj ozračja i duha vremena. U istraživanju je korištena kvantitativna analiza sadržaja kako bi se utvrdilo kome su reklame namijenjene i koje proizvode i brendove one oglašavaju. Reklame namijenjene ženama analizirane su daljnjom matricom koju su činila pitanja vezana za prikaz žene u reklamama. Od ukupno 152 analizirane reklame, utvrđeno je da je 54 namijenjeno ženama. U Svijetu su se najviše oglašavali brendovi dekorativne kozmetike i kozmetike za njegu, čime je, oglašivačka kultura nastojala biti u korak s vremenom i stvoriti novu ženu koja se fokusira na svoju vanjštinu. Radom je utvrđeno da je postojao stereotipizirani prikaz žena u reklama, no pojedini su brendovi tijekom analiziranih 10 godina magazina Svijet revidirali reklamne poruke i promijenili stav o ženi. Budući da je ta velika promjena zabilježena u relativno kratkom vremenskom periodu, može se zaključiti da su reklame magazina Svijet značajne i kao pokazatelji velikih društvenih promjena. Ovo je istraživanje pokazalo važnost oglašivačke kulture kao discipline koja zrcali društvene promjene i ocrtava ozračje vremena u kojem su reklame kreirane., This thesis examines the advertisements of Svijet, a magazine published in interwar Croatia from 1926 to 1936. Svijet magazine, synonymous with glamor and prestige in the press, is an important indicator of Zagreb culture during the period of interwar prosperity and social changes. The new woman emerges at that time, a phrase used by many authors since the end of the nineteenth century to describe a woman who changes her behaviour and appearance. The thesis thus analysed the advertisements of the magazine Svijet, one issue per year, with the goal of studying how and in what roles women were portrayed in the advertisements, which are an important indicator of the atmosphere and culture. The research used quantitative content analysis to determine who the advertisements are intended for and which products and brands they promote. A further matrix containing questions about the representation of women in advertisements was used to analyse advertisements aimed at women. It was determined that 54 of the 152 advertisements examined were intended for women. The brands of decorative cosmetics and care cosmetics were the most heavily advertised in magazines, and thus advertising culture attempted to keep up with the times and create a new woman who is focused on her appearance. The analysis established that there was a stereotyped representation of women in advertisements, but certain brands revised their advertising messages and changed the attitude on women during the analysed 10 years of Svijet magazine. Since this big change was recorded in a relatively short period of time, it can be concluded that the advertisements of the magazine Svijet are also significant as indicators of major social changes. This research showed the importance of advertising culture as a discipline that mirrors social changes and outlines the atmosphere of the time in which advertisements were created.

The Embassy of Good Science (https://www.embassy.science) aims to improve research integrity and research ethics by offering an online, open, 'go-to' platform, which brings together all information on research integrity and research ethics relevant for researchers, and makes that information accessible, understandable, and appealing. It effectively organizes and describes research integrity and research ethics guidelines, educational materials, cases, and scenarios. The Embassy is wiki-based, allowing users to add -- when logged in with their ORCID researcher id -- new information, and update and refine existing information. The platform also makes the research integrity and research ethics community visible and accessible in pages dedicated to relevant initiatives, news and events. Therefore, the Embassy enables researchers to find useful guidance, rules and tools to conduct research responsibly. The platform empowers researchers through increased knowledge and awareness, and through the support of the research integrity and research ethics community. In this article we will discuss the background of this new platform, the way in which it is organized, and how users can contribute.