Search

Mixed forests play an important role in promoting forest functions and services, and showed better resilience to perturbations than monospecific forests. In the Mediterranean Basin they constitute an important share of the total forest area. However, although mixed forests have been described, classified and mapped in most of the Mediterranean regions around the world, in the Mediterranean Basin they remain neglected, with direct negative consequences for forest management and conservation strategies. Our objective is to present a reliable, uniform classification along with a map of the Spanish Mediterranean Mixed Forests (MMF) as a tool for their management and conservation in Spain. The digital Spanish Forest Map was analyzed to identify MMF. The most frequent tree species combinations were identified and their representativeness in terms of the total forest area was analyzed. In addition, to ensure environmental homogeneity in the proposed classification, the arrangement of each tree species combination within the Spanish Mediterranean ecoregions was evaluated using the Pearson Chi-square test. Based on our results, Spanish MMF currently cover 27.07% of the Mediterranean natural forest area. They were divided into 9 main ecological groups and 23 subtypes. The classification of Spanish MMF and the distribution map represent a first step towards recognizing the importance of mixed forests in the vegetation of the Mediterranean Basin. Together they may provide a valuable basis to improve future forest management, monitoring and conservation strategies both at national and European level.

Comunicación presentada en la EUROGEO Annual Meeting and Conference (Geographic Information: for a better world), celebrada en Málaga el 29 y 30 de septiembre de 2016., Over the past twenty years, Species Distribution Models (SDM) have become commonplace for scientists interested in spatial predictions for studies of biogeography, ecology, and conservation biology. Species distribution models (also known under other names including Habitat Suitability Modelling) are empirical models that relate species field observations to environmental factors based on ecological concepts of niche theory by using statistical and static models. Land use/cover change (LUCC) modelling is a dynamic approach to analyse a spatially explicit change from an initial time to a later time by combining land cover transition models and driver variables based on multiple-criteria decision analysis. This paper presents an integrated forest cover change model that combine SDM for habitat-suitability modelling and LUUC models to simulate future forest cover changes. “Los Alcornocales” Natural Park (Southern Spain), considered one of the largest mixed forests dominated by cork oak within the Mediterranean Basin was selected as the study area. Our results revealed the synergies between both approaches.