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3 results on '"Ministry of Health [Bangui]"'

1. Continuous Circulation of Yellow Fever among Rural Populations in the Central African Republic

Author

Huguette SIMO TCHETGNA, Stéphane DESCORPS-DECLERE, Benjamin SELEKON, Sandra GARBA-OUANGOLE, Xavier KONAMNA, Mathieu SOUNGOUZA, Gaspard TEKPA, Pierre SOMSE, Emmanuel NAKOUNE, Nicolas BERTHET, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases [Yaoundé] (CRID), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre de Santé de Mboki, Hôpital de l'Amitié [Bangui], Ministry of Health [Bangui], Institut Pasteur de Shanghai, Académie des Sciences de Chine - Chinese Academy of Sciences (IPS-CAS), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (Centre National de Référence) - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (National Reference Center) (CIBU), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), This research was funded by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) through the European Union (capacity building and surveillance for Ebola virus disease, and EBO-SURSY, project reference: FOOD/2016/379-660), the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (grant No. 2019SHZDZX02), and by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grant No. 2022YFE0114700).

Subjects
Rural Population, haemorrhagic fever, next-generation sequencing, Africa, remote settings, yellow fever, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Central African Republic, Mice, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Yellow Fever, Animals, Humans, Yellow fever virus, Phylogeny
Abstract

International audience; Yellow fever remains a public-health threat in remote regions of Africa. Here, we report the identification and genetic characterisation of one yellow-fever case observed during the investigation of a cluster of nine suspected haemorrhagic fever cases in a village in the Central African Republic. Samples were tested using real-time RT-PCR targeting the main African haemorrhagic fever viruses. Following negative results, we attempted virus isolation on VERO E6 cells and newborn mice and rescreened the samples using rRT-PCR. The whole viral genome was sequenced using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencer. Yellow-fever virus (YFV) was isolated from one woman who reported farming activities in a forest setting several days before disease onset. Phylogenetic analysis shows that this strain belongs to the East-Central African YFV genotype, with an estimated emergence some 63 years ago. Finally, five unique amino-acid changes are present in the capsid, envelop, NS1A, NS3, and NS4B proteins. More efforts are required to control yellow-fever re-emergence in resource-limited settings.

Published
2022
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2. Cotrimoxazole versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in HIV-infected pregnant women in Bangui, Central African Republic: a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Aude Boulay, Samuel Gondje, Marie Yvette Batoumbou Ketta, Mirdad Kazanji, Alexandre Manirakiza, Laura Tondeur, Valérie Briand, Lenaig Le-Fouler, Ghislain Géraud Banthas Bata, Muriel Vray, Abdoulaye Sépou, Eugène Serdouma, Jean Methode Moyen, Olga Sakanga, Jean Pierre Lombart, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Ministry of Health [Bangui], Hôpital de l'Amitié [Bangui], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fondation de France, Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Maternity hospitals, HIV Infections, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Antimalarials, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Internal medicine, Hiv infected, Sulfadoxine, Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination, parasitic diseases, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, business.industry, Pregnant women, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine, 3. Good health, Malaria, Placental infection, Central African Republic, Drug Combinations, Infectious Diseases, Pyrimethamine, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Parasitology, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, medicine.drug, Prophylaxis HIV
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the MACOMBA (Maternity and Control of Malaria-HIV co-infection in Bangui) trial was to show that cotrimoxazole (CTX) is more effective than Sulphadoxine-Pyremethamine-IPTp (IPTp-SP) to prevent placental malaria infection (primary endpoint) among HIV-positive pregnant women with a CD4+ count ≥350 cells/mm(3) in Bangui, CAR.METHODS: MACOMBA is a multicenter, open-label randomized trial conducted in four maternity hospitals in Bangui. Between 2013 and 2017, 193 women were randomized and 112 (59 and 53 in CTX and IPTp-SP arms, respectively) were assessed for placental infection defined by microscopic parasitemia or PCR.RESULTS: Thirteen women had a placental infection: 5 in the CTX arm (1 by microscopic placental parasitemia and 4 by PCR) and 8 by PCR in the SP-IPTp (8.5% vs 15.1%, p = 0.28). The percentage of newborns with low birthweight (< 2500 g) did not differ statistically between the two arms. Self-reported compliance to CTX prophylaxis was good. There was a low overall rate of adverse events in both arms.CONCLUSION: Although our results do not allow us to conclude that CTX is more effective, drug safety and good compliance among women with this treatment favour its widespread use among HIV-infected pregnant women, as currently recommended by WHO.

Published
2021

3. HIV epidemic in central african republic: High prevalence rates in both rural and urban areas

Author

Matsika-Claquin, Marcelle Diane, Massanga, Marcel, Ménard, Didier, Mazi-Nzapako, Jean, Ténegbia, Jean-Pierre, Mandeng, Marie-Joëlle, Willybiro-Sacko, Jean, Fontanet, Arnaud, Talarmin, Antoine, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministry of Health [Bangui], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)

Subjects
Adult, MESH: Urban Health, Adolescent, sentinel surveillance, HIV Infections, Rural Health, HIV Antibodies, MESH: HIV Seroprevalence, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: HIV Seropositivity, HIV Seroprevalence, Pregnancy, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, HIV Seropositivity, Prevalence, Humans, Child, MESH: Prevalence, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Humans, seroprevalence, MESH: HIV Antibodies, Urban Health, MESH: Adult, MESH: Anonymous Testing, MESH: HIV Infections, Middle Aged, MESH: Rural Health, Central African Republic, MESH: Central African Republic, MESH: Sentinel Surveillance, Anonymous Testing, Female, MESH: Female, pregnant women
Abstract

International audience; A sentinel serosurveillance study was conducted in Central African Republic to estimate the prevalence of HIV seropositivity in the general adult population in each province so that the public health authorities can target HIV prevention programmes to the priority areas. Blood samples were collected from women attending 48 antenatal clinics in urban and rural areas of the Central African Republic. These samples were tested for HIV antibodies in an anonymous and unlinked manner using strategy II recommended by WHO. The data were extrapolated to all women of reproductive age in Central African Republic by use of a parity-based adjustment involving the application of correction factors to the observed prevalence rates. A total of 9,305 pregnant women were recruited from November 2001 to October 2002. HIV seroprevalence was high in all age groups (12% in the less than 20 year age group to 17% in the 25-29 year age group). The median prevalence of HIV in antenatal clinics was similar for rural areas, for Bangui and for other urban areas (16.5, 15.0, and 12.5% respectively). Adjustment for parity and fertility pattern increased the prevalence of HIV in all antenatal clinics except in Bangui. This first national study of HIV prevalence in Central African Republic revealed that the HIV epidemic is continuing to spread in both urban and rural areas. Thus, efforts to reduce transmission should be made in every part of the country.

Published
2004

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