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Zubi su vrlo važni u istraživanju kako posmrtnih ostataka, tako i kod živih ljudi. Mineralni sastav je osnova zubnog tkiva te svaka promjena koja može utjecati na kristalnu strukturu mijenja i fizičko-kemijska svojstva zuba. Pojam kvalitete zuba može se povezati sa zubima kod kojih kemijska struktura kristala nije promijenjena. U radu su analizirani uzorci zuba posmrtnih ostataka ispitanika iz ranoga srednjeg vijeka s lokacija Naklice-Grebčine i Ostrovica-Greblje (G1), posmrtnih ostataka iz prve polovine 20. stoljeća s otoka Dakse (G2) i recentnih ispitanika koji su pacijenti djelatne ordinacije dentalne medicine s područja Žrnovnice (G3). Određena je frekvencija karijesnih lezija kod svih grupa primjenom KEP i ICDAS metode te frekvencija abrazije primjenom Brabant indeksa. Za kemijsku analizu određivanja elemenata u zubnom tkivu koristile su se atomska apsorpcijska spektrometrija (AAS) za određivanje kalcija, magnezija i cinka te molibden plava UV-Vis spektrometrija za određivanje fosfora. Utvrđena frekvencija karijesa ICDAS metodom kod grupe G1 je 64,34%, G2 59,47%, a kod G3 81,57% , dok su rezultati frekvencije karijesa KEP metodom kod grupe G1 bili 16,52%, kod G2 28,75%, a kod G3 67,10%. Analizirajući mineralni sastav zuba, koncentracije kalcija i fosfora bile su veće kod ispitanika iz ranoga srednjeg vijeka (G1) nego kod ispitanika iz recentnog doba (grupe G2 i G3), dok su koncentracije cinka i magnezija bile veće kod ispitanika iz grupa G2 i G3, i do 2,5 puta, nego kod ispitanika iz grupe G1. Smanjenje koncentracije kalcija u uzorcima zuba u odnosu na povećanje stupnja karijesne lezije prikazano je kroz statističku značajnost negativnog utjecaja u grupama G1 i G3. Zaključno, ispitanici iz ranog srednjeg vijeka imaju manju frekvenciju karijesnih lezija od ispitanika recentne populacije. Samo koncentracija kalcija je negativno povezana sa stupnjem karijesnih lezija, a najizraženija je u suvremenoj populaciji i to u muškaraca. Brza hrana bogata fosfatima može biti povezana s većom frekvencijom karijesa., Teeth are an important part of the human body in research, both in human remains and in living people. The mineral composition is the basis of tooth tissue and any change that can affect the crystal structure changes the physico-chemical properties of the tooth. The notion of tooth quality can be related to teeth in which the chemical structure of the crystal has not changed. The paper analyzes tooth samples of human remains of early medieval respondents from Naklice-Grebčine and Ostrovica-Greblje (G1), human remains from the first half of the 20th century from the island of Daksa (G2) and recent respondents who are patients of active dental practice in Žrnovnica G3). The frequency of carious lesions in all groups was determined using DMFT and ICDAS methods and the frequency of abrasion using Brabant index. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) for the determination of calcium, magnesium and zinc and molybdenum blue UV VIS spectrometry for the determination of phosphorus were used for the chemical analysis of the determination of elements in dental tissue. The determined frequency of caries by ICDAS method in group G1 is 64.34%, G2 59.47%, and in G3 81.57%, while the results of caries frequency by DMFT method in group G1 were 16.52%, in G2 28.75% , and at G3 67.10%. Analyzing the mineral composition of teeth, calcium and phosphorus concentrations were higher in subjects from the early Middle Ages (G1) than in recent subjects (groups G2 and G3), while concentrations of zinc and magnesium were higher in subjects from groups G2 and G3 and up to 2.5 times than in G1 subjects. The decrease in the concentration of calcium in the tooth samples in relation to the increase in the degree of the carious lesion is shown through the statistical significance of the negative impact in groups G1 and G3. In conclusion, subjects from the early Middle Ages have a lower frequency of caries lesions than subjects from the recent population. Only the concentration of calcium is negatively related to the degree of carious lesions, and it is most pronounced in the modern population and in men. Fast food rich in phosphates may be associated with a higher frequency of caries.

Nutrition, among other factors, significantly affects the quality and mineral composition of teeth. Dental health depends on systematic factors, among which are: digestion, absorption and metabolism of trace elements as well as local factors in oral cavity. Diet and lifestyle are linked with the teeth quality which has always been in the focus of dentistry. Having the ability to compare teeth originating from different parts of history and different lifestyles, we were curious to determine whether there is a difference in their mineral composition. Results showed that the mineral content in teeth has changed over the centuries. Between analysed samples, from Medieval period, Second World War period and recent period, there were significant differences in the elemental content as well as in the interrelationship of the elements. The largest differences were observed in the mean values of magnesium and zinc concentrations while the mean values of calcium and phosphorus less varied between the teeth groups. Since diet is the most important route of intake of minerals and trace elements, the obtained results can be observed in the light of changes in eating habits over the centuries.