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Sun S., Hagihara K., Nakano T.. Effect of scanning strategy on texture formation in Ni-25 at.%Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting. Materials and Design, 140, 307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.11.060., Variations in the crystallographic texture in Ni-25 at.%Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting with different scanning strategies were designed for the first time. Single-crystalline-like texture with a short-range order of Mo atoms can be produced via bidirectional scanning along one axis (X-scan) and bidirectional scanning with a 90° rotation in each layer (XY-scan), while only fiber texture was formed in bidirectional scanning with a 67° rotation (Rot-scan). The aligned crystal orientation along the build direction can be varied by the scanning strategy; 〈001〉 is preferred in the XY- and Rot-scan samples, while 〈101〉 is preferred in the X-scan sample. The controlling mechanisms of the texture, focusing on the preferential growth directions of the columnar cells and the following epitaxial growth, are discussed.

One of the major issues of the renewable energies is their dependence of the weather conditions. If those are favourable, the energy will be produced in excess and wasted, due to limited capacity of the existing storage technologies. On the contrary, if the weather conditions are unfavourable, the energy produced will be insufficient, thus requiring the consumption of fossils fuels to assure a constant electrical output. The reversible solid oxide fuel cells (RSOFC) can contribute to the solution of this problem, provided by capability to operate in two different modes, with the hydrogen or carbon as the energy carrier. In one mode, the electricity is produced by the transformation of hydrogen into water, this is to be used when the weather conditions are unfavourable. In reverse operation mode, hydrogen is produced from the water using the excess of electricity produced by renewable energies, when the conditions are favourable. Although being fairly efficient and highly promising, this technology is still not widely available due to high electrode degradation, expensive catalytic materials, low resistance to carbon deposition and difficulties of the hydrogen storage, among others. This work was initially focusing on development of a composite material for fuel electrodes of Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (RSOFC). Base on the literature review, the nominal NiTiO3 (reference), NiTiO3 (90% mol.)- MoO3 (10% mol.) and NiTiO3 (80% mol.)- MoO3 (20% mol.) compositions were selected, prepared and characterized in the conditions, relevant for RSOFC operation. The electrical measurements combined with structural studies revealed fast degradation due to oxidation even at low temperatures, rendering their application problematic for RSOFC technology. Additional assessment of the prepared materials as electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrolysis was performed and demonstrated their potential applicability for boosting hydrogen evolution process if the applied cathodic polarization is sufficient to prevent oxidation of the Magnéli phases and decomposition of metallic phases, or redox cycling can be applied to recover the electrode surface. The obtained experimental results were correlated with thermodynamic predictions made by calculation of Ellingham and Pourbaix diagrams. Um dos maiores problemas das energias renováveis é a sua dependência das condições climatéricas. Caso estas sejam favoráveis, será produzido excesso de energia sendo esta desperdiçada devido à baixa capacidade de armazenamento por parte da tecnologia disponível. Caso contrário, se as condições climatéricas forem adversas, a energia produzida será insuficiente, sendo necessário recorrer ao consumo dos combustíveis fosseis para assegurar uma produção constante de eletricidade. As pilhas de combustível de oxido sólido reversíveis (PCOSR) podem contribuir para a resolução deste problema, devido a sua capacidade de operar em dois modos diferentes, nos quais o hidrogénio ou o carbono atuam como unidades para o armazenamento de energia. Num dos modos, a eletricidade é produzida pela transformação do hidrogénio em água, este deverá ser utilizado aquando as condições climatéricas forem adversas. No outro, o hidrogénio é produzido através da água através da utilização do excesso elétrico produzido pelas energias renovais, aquando as condições forem favoráveis. Apesar de ser relativamente eficiente e muito promissor, esta tecnologia não se encontra amplamente disponível, devido à elevada degradação dos elétrodos, dos materiais catalíticos serem dispendiosos, baixa resistência à deposição de carvão e dificuldades no armazenamento do hidrogénio, entre outros. Inicialmente, este trabalho foi focado no desenvolvimento de um material compósito para ser aplicado como elétrodo de combustível em Pilhas de Combustível de Óxido Sólido Reversíveis (PCOSR). Baseado na revisão bibliográfica, os NiTiO3 (referência), NiTiO3 (90% mol.) – MoO3 (10 % mol.) e NiTiO3 (80% mol.) – MoO3 (20% mol.) compósitos foram selecionados, preparados e caracterizados em condições conformes à da operação das PCOSR. As medidas elétricas assim como os estudos estruturais revelaram uma rápida degradação devido à oxidação, mesmo a baixa temperatura, evidenciando que a sua aplicação nas PCOSR será problemática. Adicionalmente, os materiais preparados foram avaliados como electro catalisadores para a eletrolise de água alcalina, sendo demonstrado a sua potencial aplicabilidade para favorecer o processo de evolução do hidrogénio, aquando a polarização catódica aplicada for suficiente para prevenir a oxidação das fases de Magnéli assim como a decomposição da fase metálica, ou ciclos de redox poderão ser aplicados para recuperar a superfície dos elétrodos. Os dados obtidos experimentalmente foram relacionados com predições termodinâmicas pelo cálculo de diagramas de Ellingham e Pourbaix. Mestrado em Engenharia de Materiais

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The hydrogen evolution reaction on the electrodeposited Ni-Mo alloy coatings, as well as their electrochemical properties in the NaOH solutions, have been investigated by the polarization measurements, cyclic voltammetry and EIS technique. It was shown that the Ni-Mo alloy coatings electrodeposited from the pyrophosphate-sodium bicarbonate bath possess high catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution in the NaOH solutions. Their stability in the 1 M NaOH at 25 °C under the condition of the reverse polarization was shown to be very good, while in the 33% NaOH at 85 °C (conditions of the industrial electrolysis) the electrodeposited Ni-Mo alloy coatings exhibited also high catalytic activity, but low stability, as a consequence of a deterioration of the alloy coatings. © 2008 International Association for Hydrogen Energy.

The induced electrodeposition of nanocrystalline Ni-Mo alloys was investigated using two different molar ratios of Ni:Mo in sodium glycinate solution at pH 9.3. The chemical nature of the Ni2+ and MoO4 2- in alkaline glycinate solution was studied using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The composition of the coating layer was determined using EDX. The crystallinity of electrodeposits was examined using XRD, whereas, the morphology and topography were investigated using SEM and AFM, respectively. The corrosion resistance of Ni-Mo alloys compared to pure Ni was studied in 3.5 % NaCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance techniques. Ni-Mo alloy electrodeposited from the solution containing [MoO4 2-]/[Ni2+] molar ratio of 0.2 show higher corrosion resistance compared to plating solutions of molar ratio 0.1 and pure Ni. NPRP Grant 4-306-2-111 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a Member of The Qatar Foundation). Scopus