Search

Contains fulltext : 294253.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) is a pervasive societal issue that impacts many women globally. Web-based help options are becoming increasingly available and have the ability to eliminate certain barriers in help seeking for IPVA, especially in improving accessibility. OBJECTIVE: This study focused on the quantitative evaluation of the SAFE eHealth intervention for women IPVA survivors. METHODS: A total of 198 women who experienced IPVA participated in a randomized controlled trial and quantitative process evaluation. Participants were largely recruited on the internet and signed up through self-referral. They were allocated (blinded for the participants) to (1) the intervention group (N=99) with access to a complete version of a help website containing 4 modules on IPVA, support options, mental health, and social support, and with interactive components such as a chat, or (2) the limited-intervention control group (N=99). Data were gathered about self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, and multiple feasibility aspects. The primary outcome was self-efficacy at 6 months. The process evaluation focused on themes, such as ease of use and feeling helped. In an open feasibility study (OFS; N=170), we assessed demand, implementation, and practicality. All data for this study were collected through web-based self-report questionnaires and automatically registered web-based data such as page visits and amount of logins. RESULTS: We found no significant difference over time between groups for self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, fear of partner, awareness, and perceived support. However, both study arms showed significantly decreased scores for anxiety and fear of partner. Most participants in both groups were satisfied, but the intervention group showed significantly higher scores for suitability and feeling helped. However, we encountered high attrition for the follow-up surveys. Furthermore, the intervention was positively evaluated on multiple feasibility aspects. The average amount of logins did not significantly differ between the study arms, but participants in the intervention arm did spend significantly more time on the website. An increase in registrations during the OFS (N=170) was identified: the mean amount of registrations per month was 13.2 during the randomized controlled trial and 56.7 during the OFS. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings did not show a significant difference in outcomes between the extensive SAFE intervention and the limited-intervention control group. It is, however, difficult to quantify the real contribution of the interactive components, as the control group also had access to a limited version of the intervention for ethical reasons. Both groups were satisfied with the intervention they received, with the intervention study arm significantly more so than the control study arm. Integrated and multilayered approaches are needed to aptly quantify the impact of web-based IPVA interventions for survivors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Register NL7108 NTR7313; https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NTR7313.

Item does not contain fulltext

Contains fulltext : 225815.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) The COVID-19 global pandemic is accelerating investigations for effective vaccines and repurposable validated therapeutics [...]. 4 p.

Background: The importance of sex and gender as modulators of disease biology and treatment outcomes is well known in other disciplines of medicine, such as cardiology, but remains an undervalued issue in oncology. Considering the increasing evidence for their relevance, European Society for Medical Oncology decided to address this topic and organized a multidisciplinary workshop in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 30 November and 1 December 2018. Design: Twenty invited faculty members and 40 selected physicians/scientists participated. Relevant content was presented by faculty members on the basis of a literature review conducted by each speaker. Following a moderated consensus session, the final consensus statements are reported here. Results: Clinically relevant sex differences include tumour biology, immune system activity, body composition and drug disposition and effects. The main differences between male and female cells are sex chromosomes and the level of sexual hormones they are exposed to. They influence both local and systemic determinants of carcinogenesis. Their effect on carcinogenesis in non-reproductive organs is largely unknown. Recent evidence also suggests differences in tumour biology and molecular markers. Regarding body composition, the difference in metabolically active, fat-free body mass is one of the most prominent: in a man and a woman of equal weight and height, it accounts for 80% of the man's and 65% of the woman's body mass, and is not taken into account in body-surface area based dosing of chemotherapy. Conclusion: Sex differences in cancer biology and treatment deserve more attention and systematic investigation. Interventional clinical trials evaluating sex-specific dosing regimens are necessary to improve the balance between efficacy and toxicity for drugs with significant pharmacokinetic differences. Especially in diseases or disease subgroups with significant differences in epidemiology or outcomes, men and women with non-sex-related cancers should be considered as biologically distinct groups of patients, for whom specific treatment approaches merit consideration. © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved.

Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen sind noch immer die häufigste Todesursache von Frauen, obwohl der Herzinfarkt auch bezüglich seiner geschlechterspezifischen Unterschiede bereits umfangreich erforscht wurde. Aufbauend auf Studien in Schweden und den Niederlanden[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Gemeinsame Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA) und des Arbeitskreises zur Weiterentwicklung der Lehre in der Zahnmedizin (AKWLZ)

Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Geschlechtersensible Medizin (GSM) ist ein noch junger Zweig innerhalb der Medizin, der Anfang der 2000er Jahre begann, sich als Disziplin an den medizinischen Hochschulen zu manifestieren. In den vergangenen 15 Jahren wurden Verbände, Institute, Lehrstühle und[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Gemeinsame Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA) und des Arbeitskreises zur Weiterentwicklung der Lehre in der Zahnmedizin (AKWLZ)

Fragestellung/Zielsetzung: Im Rahmen der Einführung des Modellstudiengangs Medizin der Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin konnten Diversity, insbesondere geschlechterspezifische Aspekte, erfolgreich in die Module des 1.-8. Semesters integriert werden. Das Ziel war nun die Entwicklung[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA)

In the vast majority of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there are well-described differences between women and men in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, effects of therapy, and outcomes.1–3 These differences arise on one hand from biological differences among women and men, which are called sex differences. They are due to differences in gene expression from the sex chromosomes and subsequent differences in sexual hormones leading to differences in gene expression and function in the CV system, e.g. in vascular function and NO signalling, in myocardial remodelling under stress, or metabolism of drugs by sex-specific cytochrome expression. Sex differences are frequently reproducible in animal models. In contrast, gender differences are unique to the human. They arise from sociocultural processes, such as different behaviours of women and men; exposure to specific influences of the environment; different forms of nutrition, lifestyle, or stress; or attitudes towards treatments and prevention. These are equally important for CVDs. Both sex and gender (S&G) influence human development ( Figure 1 ). Since it is almost impossible to distinguish properly between effects of S&G in the medical field, the EUGenMed writing group decided to discuss both of them together and to use the term S&G for all medical relevant differences between women and men in the present review. Figure 1 Interaction between sex and gender during lifetime: societal conditions (upper) as well as biological facts (lower) affect germ cells, the newborn, the adult, and the development of disease in women and men. In its current research framework programme ‘Horizon 2020’, the EU calls for the inclusion of the gender dimension into biomedical research since ‘it helps improve the scientific quality …

Fragestellung/Einleitung: Mit der Einführung des Modellstudiengangs Medizin an der Charité werden Diversity Inhalte insbesondere geschlechterspezifische Aspekte systematisch in das Curriculum integriert. Das 5. Semester des Modellstudiengangs Medizin besteht aus vier Krankheitsmodell-Modulen.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA)

Hintergrund: Das 3. und 4. Semester des Modellstudiengangs Medizin der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin besteht aus acht Organ- und Körpersystem-Modulen. Das Ziel war die Integration von Diversity Inhalten und Perspektiven mit dem Schwerpunkt geschlechterspezifischer Aspekte[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA)

Hintergrund: Auswertungen von Datenbanken für unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen (UAW) und pharmakoepidemiologische Studien zeigen, dass UAW bei Frauen häufiger als bei Männern gemeldet werden. Dies gilt auch für Anästhetika. Eine systematische Übersicht der wissenschaftlichen[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], EbM & Individualisierte Medizin; 12. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin

Sex chromosome abnormalities have been advocated to be involved in the striking female prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and women with PBC manifest an increased X chromosome loss in peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to age-matched healthy women. Our knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of autoimmunity in male patients remains, however, limited. Next to the possible role of androgens and their imbalances, the Y chromosome appears as a potential candidate for influence of the immune function in men. Herein we analyzed a population of male patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 26) and healthy controls (n = 88) to define a potential association of disease and the loss of the Y chromosome. We demonstrate that Y chromosome loss indeed is higher in PBC males compared to healthy controls, and this phenomenon increases with aging. We were, thus, able to confirm the existence of an analogous mechanism in the male population to previously identified X haploinsufficiency in female patients with organ-specific autoimmune disease. We propose that this commonality might represent a relevant feature in the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases that should be further investigated. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd