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Enquadramento: O processo de comunicação é inerente ao processo de cuidar, importando perceber como a cliente, alvo dos cuidados de enfermagem, perceciona a qualidade de informação que lhe é transmitida pelos enfermeiros que dela cuidam. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar a estrutura empírica da escala de qualidade da informação através de análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória. Participantes: Esta foi aplicada a uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência constituída por 584 mulheres com idades compreendidas entre os 20 e 49 anos com uma média de idade de 31,77 anos (± 5,88) na sua maioria a coabitar com companheiro (93,5%). Métodos: Estudo metodológico, em que uma escala de diferencial semântico foi testada através da validade de face e de conteúdo e avaliadas as propriedades psicométricas, através da consistência interna pelo coeficiente Alpha ( ) de Cronbach e da validade de construto nas suas dimensões validade fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, validade convergente e validade discriminante. Resultados: Os resultados da análise fatorial exploratória levaram à obtenção de uma estrutura unifatorial com 7 itens que explicavam no total 79,84% da variância e com um coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,957. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória mostram uma estrutura unifatorial com seis itens e com índices gerais de adequação fiáveis, confirmando a qualidade do ajuste do modelo aos dados empíricos. (x2/gl= 2,885; GFI= 0,985; CFI= 0,995; RMR= 0,029; RMSEA=0,057). Conclusões: Os resultados evidenciam que a escala de qualidade de informação pode ser utilizada como instrumento de pesquisa e de monitorização para avaliar a qualidade de informação ocorrida entre enfermeiros e as clientes alvo dos seus cuidados.

Enquadramento: A literacia em saúde é fundamental, e contribui para que os indivíduos tomem decisões fundamentadas para a saúde. Neste âmbito, a literacia em saúde sexual e reprodutiva capacita os indivíduos para uma melhor vivência da sua sexualidade, pois envolve comportamentos individuais, relações e proteção da saúde física e mental. Objetivos: Construir e validar uma escala de literacia em saúde sexual e reprodutiva (ELSSR). Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e correlacional, com uma amostra de 924 estudantes do ensino superior. O processo de validação incluiu o estudo de consistência interna e a análise fatorial, exploratória e confirmatória. Resultados: Obteve-se uma escala de 15 itens, distribuídos por 3 fatores (Literacia em Reproducao, Contracecao e IST; Literacia sobre o Impacto da Gravidez Adolescente; Literacia em Afetos, Abuso e Exploracao Sexual e Violência no Namoro), que explicam 77,761% da variância. A consistência interna da escala foi de 0.964. O instrumento apresenta boa consistência interna. Conclusão: O instrumento revelou-se válido e fiável. O desenvolvimento de programas educativos/formativos sobre saúde sexual e reprodutiva podemajudar os jovens adultos a evidenciar maior literacia em saúde sexual e reprodutiva, com impacto para a saúdefísica e mental.

Background: Mental health literacy has become increasingly important as an empowerment tool in the field of mental health. Any intervention should always be preceded by a clear diagnosis of the situation. Objectives: To identify mental health literacy measurement instruments among adults living in a given community. Methods: An integrativereview of theliterature wasconducted using the PICOD method bysearching thefollowing scientific databases: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, EBSCO, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. The JBI critical appraisal checklist for methodological quality was used and the PRISMA guidelines were taken into account to critically assess the quality of the studies included in this work. Three articles met the inclusion criteria and were therefore included in the study. Results: Three instruments for assessing mental health literacy were identified: the MHLS, the MHKQ and the MAKS. The assessment of the methodological and psychometric quality of each of these instruments demonstrated that one of the studies showed a very good level of reliability, another study showed an acceptable level of reliability, whereas the last one showed a poor level of reliability. Conclusion: These results show that the MHLS is the best validated assessment tool for health care professionals. Given the limited number of primary studies identified, the construction of an instrument to assess the level of positive mental health literacy in the community is crucial.

Os agricultores são um dos grupos ocupacionais com significativo risco de vulnerabilidade em termos de saúde mental, apresentando prevalência de morbidade psiquiátrica, em resultado dos efeitos dos fatores globais, nacionais, regionais, comunitários e locais. Estudar a consistência interna e análise fatorial exploratória da escala contínuo da saúde mental em agricultores e identificar que variáveis sociodemográficas dos agricultores que interferem na sua saúde mental. Estudo quantitativo, com corte transversal, descritivo analítico-correlacional. Os dados foram colhidos junto de 155 agricultores da região Norte e Centro de Portugal Continental, maioritariamente do género masculino (52,9%), com uma média de idades de 53,41 anos (±14,04 anos). O instrumento de recolha de dados contém um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e a Escala Contínuo de Saúde Mental – CCHS-MH 2012. As variáveis sociodemográficas com relevância estatística são o género e a constituição do agregado familiar. As mulheres e os agricultores com agregado familiar de 3 elementos revelam melhor saúde mental. Após a realização da análise fatorial confirmatória para uma população de agricultores e depois da análise livre, caíram dois itens (4 e 5) porque

Enquadramento: A violência no namoro tem revelado uma elevada preocupação e reconhecimento, tanto a nível científico, como social, pelo impacto que tem na saúde física e mental. Objetivos: Determinar se as sensações sexuais influenciam as práticas e comportamentos de violência no namoro. Participantes: A amostra é constituída por 820 estudantes do ensino superior (média de idade de 20.48 anos (Dp=2.51). Método: É um estudo quantitativo, descrito-correlacionaletransversal. O protocolo deinvestigação foi um questionário que permitiu caracterizar a amostra a nível sociodemográfico, académico, afetivo e sexual. Incluímos a Escala de Práticas e Comportamentos de Violência no Namoro (Dixe, Rodrigues, Freire, Rodrigues, Fernandes & Dias (2010) e a Escala de Procura de Sensações Sexuais (validada para a população portuguesa por Santos, Ferreira, Carvalho & Ferreira, 2017). Resultados: Trata-se de uma amostra maioritariamente feminina (69.4%). Relativamente às práticas e comportamentos de violência no namoro verificamos, nas dimensões em análise, valores máximos de 80,70, para a violência psicológica, 91,67 para a violência stalking e violência sexual e 90.48 para a violência física. Os resultados da árvore de decisão revelam que a procura de sensações sexuais, é a variável que melhor prediz o grau de violência do namoro. Conclusões: Uma vez que a violência nas relações de intimidade causa danos no desenvolvimento físico, psicológico, sexual, reprodutivo, social, académico e profissional, com efeitos na saúde e no bem-estar das pessoas, quer a curto, quer a médio e a longo prazo, propomos ações de sensibilização em contexto escolar promovidas por peritos e debatidas entre pares.

Enquadramento: Muitas mães experimentam dificuldades na amamentação, especificamente no início do processo da amamentação. O apoio adequado de profissionais de saúde treinados, nomeadamente os enfermeiros, é crucial para minimizar o impacto dos problemas da amamentação. Objetivo: Avaliar a estrutura interna da escala de dificuldades de amamentação através da análise factorial exploratória e confirmar o modelo fatorial hipotetizado através da analise factorial confirmatória. Participantes: Este estudo realizou-se com uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência constituída por 674 mulheres com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e 49 anos (média = 31,65 anos ± 5,95) a coabitar com companheiro (93,6%). São de nacionalidade portuguesa (97,0%), possuem habilitações literárias superiores ao 12ª ano 47,9% e encontram-se empregadas 84,3% da totalidade da amostra. Método: Estudo metodológico, em que a escala foi testada através da validade aparente de conteúdo e constructo. As propriedades psicométricas, foram avaliadas com recurso à consistência interna pelo coeficiente Alpha ( ) de Cronbach e validade de construto através da validade factorial exploratória e confirmatória, validade convergente e validade discriminante. Resultados: A análise factorial exploratória levou à obtenção de uma estrutura trifatorial que explicava no total 68,64% da variância e com um coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,919. Com a análise fatorial confirmatória foram eliminados dois itens por apresentarem problemas de multicolinearidade. Os índices gerais de bondade de ajustamento global são fiáveis, confirmando a qualidade do ajuste do modelo aos dados empíricos. (x2/gl= 3,892; GFI= 0,962; CFI= 0,974; RMR= 0,049; RMSEA=0,065 e SRMR = 0,042). Conclusões: Os resultados evidenciam que a escala apresenta uma estrutura fatorial com resultados satisfatórios de validade e de confiabilidade, representando adequadamente os constructos em questão. A escala de dificuldades de amamentação pode ser utilizada como instrumento de pesquisa para avaliar as dificuldades sentidas pelas puérperas no processo de amamentação.

Introdução: A promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva (SSR) dos estudantes do Ensino Superior continua a ser uma prioridade das políticas de saúde pública, dado que vários estudos têm documentado prevalências elevadas de comportamentos de risco sexual neste grupo. O conhecimento é um conceito central das teorias comportamentais, considerado como um pré-requisito fundamental para uma educação sexual de sucesso. Objetivos: Caracterizar o conhecimento sobre SSR dos estudantes do Ensino Superior e analisar a sua associação com comportamentos promotores da SSR. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal analítico, numa amostra de 1946 estudantes, de uma Universidade do norte de Portugal, com idade média de 21 anos (20,74 ±2,32). Na recolha de dados foi utilizado um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e dos comportamentos de SSR e o Inventário de Conhecimento Sobre SSR, organizado em quatro áreas temáticas (fisiologia da reprodução, contraceção, infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST), vigilância da saúde). Os dados foram analisados com recurso à estatística descritiva e inferencial (ANOVA). Resultados: O nível de conhecimento sobre SSR é mediano (22,27 ± 5,79), a área de maior conhecimento é a contraceção e a de menor conhecimento as IST e vigilância de saúde. O nivel de conhecimento é mais elevado no sexo feminino (p

Enquadramento: A violência no namoro é um problema grave, pelas consequências físicas e mentais, pelo impacto nos padrões de relacionamento amoroso futuro e enquanto problema de saúde pública. São objetivos identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas, académicas e afetivas que influenciam a violência no namoro. Tratase de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional e transversal, com uma amostra constituída por 429 estudantes, com uma média de idade de 22.11 anos (dp=4.55). Para recolha de dados, utilizou-se o questionário que permitiu fazer a caracterização sociodemográfica, académica e afetiva. Foi ainda incluída a Escala de práticas e comportamentos de vitimização na relação de namoro de Dixe, Rodrigues, Freire, Rodrigues, Fernandes e Dias (2010). Apurou-se que 11.9% é vitima de violência na atual relação de namoro. Os estudantes do sexo masculino, do curso de humanidades e os que já reprovaram, manifestam práticas e comportamentos de vitimização mais frequentes, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p

A gravidez constitui um período de extrema importância enquanto momento de transição para a parentalidade. Decorrente das alterações biopsicossociais desta fase, torna-se pertinente analisar os fatores que promovem a literacia em saúde mental da grávida. São objetivos avaliar o grau de literacia em saúde mental positiva e analisar as variáveis promotoras da literacia em saúde mental, em grávidas. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional, constituído por uma amostra de 222 grávidas, média de idade 30.45 anos (dp±4.64). O instrumento de colheita de dados foi um questionário, que permitiu caracterizar a amostra nas dimensões sociodemográfica e clínica. Foi ainda utilizada a escala de avaliação da literacia em saúde mental positiva de Chaves, Sequeira & Duarte (2018). Em termos de resultados constatou-se que as grávidas com companheiro, residentes em zona urbana, com ensino superior, ativas profissionalmente, com uma profissão intelectual, sem hábitos tabágicos, que classificam a sua alimentação como saudável/muito saudável, revelam mais literacia em saúde mental positiva. Verificou-se ainda que as grávidas cuja gravidez foi planeada, que recorreram a tratamentos de fertilidade, que a gravidez é vigiada por enfermeiro e médico, que cumprem a vigilância da gravidez, que frequentam curso de preparação para o parto e parentalidade, apresentam mais literacia em saúde mental positiva. Recomendam-se programas de intervenção, como por exemplo, a realização de rastreio de saúde mental na grávida.

A menopausa é um período da vida da mulher que necessita de toda a atenção dos profissionais de saúde, e particularmente do enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Maternae Obstétrica. O objetivo desteestudo é compreender as vivências da mulher no período da menopausa, o significado atribuído pela mulher às intervenções de enfermagem desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica durante o período da menopausa e pós-menopausa. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, com recurso ao método fenomenológico-hermenêutico, tendo como instrumento de recolha de dados a entrevista fenomenológica. As 13 participantes recorreram às consultas de um Hospital de Dia Ginecológico e do Serviço de Ginecologia de um Hospital Central da Região Centro de Portugal. A análise qualitativa de dados foi apoiada pelo Nvivo12. Da análise do verbatim das entrevistas, emergiram cinco categorias: “Significado atribuído à menopausa”, sendo as subcategorias mais destacadas“Experiência positiva”, “Não tersentido alteraçõescom a menopausa”e“Umafase má/desconfortável”;“Alterações sentidas durante a menopausa e pós menopausa”, evidenciando-se mais a subcategoria“Alterações orgânicas”,“nomeadamente as “Ondas de calor”; “Estratégias utilizadas face aos constrangimentos”,onde as subcategorias mais destacadas foram “Procurar ajuda profissional” e “Adotar uma atitude de resiliência”; “Expectativas quanto aos cuidados de enfermagem”, com a subcategoria mais referida “Expetativas corresponderam ao esperado”;“Cuidados de enfermagem recebidos na menopausa”, sobressaindo as subcategorias “Ajuda”,“Esclarecimento de dúvidas” e “Capacitação da mulher para vivenciar a menopausa”. Parte das mulheres encararam a menopausa de forma positiva. Para outras, demarcou-se como uma fase de desconfortos, com alterações das condições vaginais, emocionais, orgânicas e alterações da atividade sexual. As mulheres consideram, sobretudo, que os cuidados de enfermagem corresponderam às suas expetativas, pois houve esclarecimento de dúvidas e foram capacitadas para vivenciar a menopausa de forma positiva e saudável.

The violence that occurs in family relationships is a subtype of interpersonal violence and, in turn, is divided into violence between intimate partners, violence against children and adolescents and violence against the elderly (Zuma, 2005). This is a proposal for an intervention in a community context in the interior region of Portugal in order to prevent abuse against children and young people, prevention of violence in intimate relations and against elderly people. It aims to: Promote literacy in the field of violence prevention throughout the life cycle and active citizenship in thecommunity; Sensitizethetarget population to the prevention of the problem and inform theexisting responses in the context of violence prevention. The project team intends to increase the level of literacy such as preventing violence and developing a manual of good practices based on monitoring and interventions carried out, integrating the focus of promoting non-violence in children and young people from pre-school through to education and prevention of violence against the elderly, with a focus on conflict and stress management in the formal care providers of Private Social Solidarity Institutions (IPSS). The training of people to prevent violence is particularlyrelevant in improving self-esteem and autonomyand with benefitsin terms of individualand collective health.

The belief that people with mental illnessare unpredictable,violentand dangerousstill persistsin today’ssociety, with indiscriminate beliefs about mental and psychiatric illnesses that harm the quality of life of people who suffer from them. Objectives: To identify the socio-demographic variables that interfere in the beliefs, about mental illness, of the professionals of education, health and safety; to find out how the socio-professional variables interfere in the beliefs, about mental illness, of the professionals of education, health and safety. Methods: Quantitative, transversal and descriptive-correlational study. Data were collected from 136 educational agents, 62.5% of whom were teachers, 32.4% nurses and 5.1% public security agents, mostly female (70.6%), with an average age of 48.34 years (±7.49 years). A socio-demographic and socio-professional characterisation questionnaire and the Mental Illness Belief Inventory (Loureiro, Dias e Ferreira, 2009) were used as data collection tools. Results: Educational agents (education, health and safety professionals) present higher levels of beliefs regarding the recognition of the disease (M=4.69±0.64) and regarding mental illness as a medical condition (M=4.48±0.73), with lower average index in the cause of stigma and discrimination (M=2.21±0.68). The sociodemographic variables that interfered with mental health beliefs are gender, age and education; the socioprofessional variables that influenced mental health beliefs in education, health and safety professionals were the professional group and length of service; the predictor variables of incurability, recognition of illness, dangerousness and belief in mental illness as a medical condition are age, male gender, urban residents and length of service ≤20 years. Conclusions: The results of this study lead to infer the need to develop training actions and/or health education programs in order to provide communities with more mental health literacy, where the nurse has a prominent role as a promoter of mental health literacy, which will certainly contribute to the demystification of beliefs about mental illness and a better care of the person with mental pathology.

The belief that people with mental illnessare unpredictable,violentand dangerousstill persistsin today’ssociety, with indiscriminate beliefs about mental and psychiatric illnesses that harm the quality of life of people who suffer from them. Objectives: To identify the socio-demographic variables that interfere in the beliefs, about mental illness, of the professionals of education, health and safety; to find out how the socio-professional variables interfere in the beliefs, about mental illness, of the professionals of education, health and safety. Methods: Quantitative, transversal and descriptive-correlational study. Data were collected from 136 educational agents, 62.5% of whom were teachers, 32.4% nurses and 5.1% public security agents, mostly female (70.6%), with an average age of 48.34 years (±7.49 years). A socio-demographic and socio-professional characterisation questionnaire and the Mental Illness Belief Inventory (Loureiro, Dias e Ferreira, 2009) were used as data collection tools. Results: Educational agents (education, health and safety professionals) present higher levels of beliefs regarding the recognition of the disease (M=4.69±0.64) and regarding mental illness as a medical condition (M=4.48±0.73), with lower average index in the cause of stigma and discrimination (M=2.21±0.68). The sociodemographic variables that interfered with mental health beliefs are gender, age and education; the socioprofessional variables that influenced mental health beliefs in education, health and safety professionals were the professional group and length of service; the predictor variables of incurability, recognition of illness, dangerousness and belief in mental illness as a medical condition are age, male gender, urban residents and length of service ≤20 years. Conclusions: The results of this study lead to infer the need to develop training actions and/or health education programs in order to provide communities with more mental health literacy, where the nurse has a prominent role as a promoter of mental health literacy, which will certainly contribute to the demystification of beliefs about mental illness and a better care of the person with mental pathology.

Background: The increase in the prevalence of oncological diseases such as cervical cancer (CC) makes it a worldwide public health problem involving resources in the area of prevention. Objectives: To determine the influence of sociodemographic variables, gynecological and sexual context on health beliefs related to cervical cancer. Methodology: It is a quantitative, descriptive-correlational study. The data collection protocol was the questionnaire that allowed to characterize the sample in the gynecological, sexual and sociodemographic dimensions. We also use the Health Beliefs Scale, composed of four dimensions: vulnerability, severity, benefits and obstacles (Patrão Leal, 2002). The sample is non-probabilistic for convenience, consisting of 946 participants. Results: Regarding the vulnerability dimension, significant statistical differences were found in the variables, having gynecological problems, frequency in the frequency of gynecological consultations, using contraceptive methods, existence of family members with CC. For the severity dimension, significant statistical differences were found for the variables, frequency of gynecological consultations and use of contraceptive methods. In the benefits dimension, statistical significance was found for age (adults) and using contraceptive methods. For the obstacles dimension, we found statistical significance for the frequency of frequency of gynecological consultations and the beginning of sexual activity. Conclusions: Understanding individual aspects involved in the prevention of CC is essential for individualized care, since these aspects are subjective in nature and require different actions.

Today it is necessary to work collaboratively in a network with the professionals of the different functional units of primary health care, hospital care and community, because only through an effective system of referral and partnership will it be possible to improve the accessibility, quality, continuity and efficiency of health care, as well as the satisfaction of professionals and users. It is recommended that health care should be personalized and close, which implies not only the displacement of technical and human resources differentiated from the provision of health care, but also their provision in a timely manner to users, family and caregivers. But if proximity allows a better identification of health needs the increase of chronic diseases require complex and continuous care at home, and then we need to characterize the caregivers we have and what are their role as caregivers at home.So, the proposed project intends to carry out a diagnosis of needs identified by informal caregivers in the region of Lafoes, Portugal, when they provide care to a patient and what are the expectations of primary health care professionals and then be able to give them domiciliation, articulation and continuity of care. We intend to constitute a descriptive and exploratory study using semi-structured interviews as a technique for collecting information, based on circular questioning. Then we will be disseminate the results achieved to primary health care professionals in the Lafoes region and propose measures and strategies to the Ministry of Health for a true articulation, continuity and proximity of care taking into account the expectations of the caregivers as well as the resources existing in the community. Subsequently, the family members and caregivers will be made aware of the advantages of the patient’s stay in the home environment and the resources available to the population.

Background: The use of communication and information technologies, with the constant use of computer applications, in daily work can induce a negative psychological state, also called tecnostress. Objectives: To characterize the level of technostress in the health professionals of primary health care; identify how the socio-demographic variables and the technostress are related in health professionals. Methodology: Quantitative, transversal, descriptive and correlational study. The data collection instrument used was a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Tecnostress Scale (Carlotto and Câmara, 2010). Results: The sample consisted of 100 health professionals, mostly female (72.0%), with a mean age of 46.14 years (± 10.72 years), 49.1% were nurses and 28.1% doctors, and 35.0% with less years in the health unit, professional experience between 16-22 years (34.0%). It is male health professionals who show more technostress, with the exception of skepticism (MR = 52.53), where the women scored more. Men show more compulsive use of Information and Communication Technologies. Conclusion: We consider important the implementation and monitoring of measures that promote better use of information technology in the workplace in health professionals in primary health care.

Background: The use of communication and information technologies, with the constant use of computer applications, in daily work can induce a negative psychological state, also called tecnostress. Objectives: To characterize the level of technostress in the health professionals of primary health care; identify how the socio-demographic variables and the technostress are related in health professionals. Methodology: Quantitative, transversal, descriptive and correlational study. The data collection instrument used was a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Tecnostress Scale (Carlotto Câmara, 2010). Results: The sample consisted of 100 health professionals, mostly female (72.0%), with a mean age of 46.14 years (± 10.72 years), 49.1% were nurses and 28.1% doctors, and 35.0% with less years in the health unit, professional experience between 16-22 years (34.0%). It is male health professionals who show more technostress, with the exception of skepticism (MR = 52.53), where the women scored more. Men show more compulsive use of Information and Communication Technologies. Conclusion: We consider important the implementation and monitoring of measures that promote better use of information technology in the workplace in health professionals in primary health care.

Enquadramento: Os conhecimentos, crenças e estereótipos acerca do VIH são um desafio para os estudantes de enfermagem, constituindo-se estes como um importante grupo para uma intervenção formativa. Objectivo do estudo: Verificar se a intervenção formativa acerca do VIH/SIDA influencia o nível de conhecimentos e estereótipos. Metodologia: Investigação-ação, com uma amostra de 30 estudantes do primeiro ano, intervenção formativa sobre o VIH/SIDA com follow-up após 3 meses. Para colheita de dados foi utilizado um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e a escala de avaliação de estereótipos sobre VIH/SIDA (SAAQ - “The Stereotypes About AIDS Questionnaire”). Resultados: No global verifica-se que os estudantes detêm conhecimentos sobre o vírus. No estudo verifica-se que após a intervenção formativa houve melhorias do conhecimento em nove das 15 dimensões analisadas, sendo que apenas a dimensão “sexualidade” é estatisticamente significativa (p=0,015). Conclusões: Os estudantes de enfermagem apresentam níveis de conhecimento razoáveis, no entanto, face aos resultados, sugerimos mais formação ao longo da licenciatura.

Today it is necessary to work collaboratively in a network with the professionals of the different functional units of primary health care, hospital care and community, because only through an effective system of referral and partnership will it be possible to improve the accessibility, quality, continuity and efficiency of health care, as well as the satisfaction of professionals and users. It is recommended that health care should be personalized and close, which implies not only the displacement of technical and human resources differentiated from the provision of health care, but also their provision in a timely manner to users, family and caregivers. But if proximity allows a better identification of health needs the increase of chronic diseases require complex and continuous care at home, and then we need to characterize the caregivers we have and what are their role as caregivers at home. So, the proposed project intends to carry out a diagnosis of needs identified by informal caregivers in the region of Lafões, Portugal, when they provide care to a patient and what are the expectations of primary health care professionals and then be able to give them domiciliation, articulation and continuity of care. We intend to constitute a descriptive and exploratory study using semi-structured interviews as a technique for collecting information, based on circular questioning. Then we will be disseminate the results achieved to primary health care professionals in the Lafões region and propose measures and strategies to the Ministry of Health for a true articulation, continuity and proximity of care taking into account the expectations of the caregivers as well as the resources existing in the community. Subsequently, the family members and caregivers will be made aware of the advantages of the patient’s stay in the home environment and the resources available to the population.

Background: The promotion of breastfeeding is affirmed as a public health strategy with health benefits for the mother and child. Objectives: To analyse the relation between the prevalence of breastfeeding and the mothers’ perception on the nurses’ interventions in the promotion of breastfeeding. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 1102 women from mainland Portugal, with a mean age of 32 years (sd± 5.87). The data collection method was a questionnaire which enabled the sociodemographic characterization, to characterize the baby at birth, the pregnancy and breastfeeding. It also includes the Nurses’ Interventions to Promote Breastfeeding Scale (Coutinho et al, 2016). Results: As for the prevalence of breastfeeding and its relationship with the interventions of nurses promoting breastfeeding, there are no statistically significant differences in breastfeeding at six months. In contrast, breastfeeding at 24 months presented statistically significant differences (p = 0.000) in the group of women who breastfed at 24 months who perceived the nurses’ interventions as being very adequate and in the group of women who do not breastfeed at 24 months and viewed the interventions as not adequate. Conclusion: Nurses’ interventions are more valued by women who breastfeed for a longer period, so breastfeeding should be promoted early, leading to greater awareness of its importance by women / families. In this sense, it is recommended that nurses adjust their interventions according to each woman.

Background: Anorexia nervosa is a mental disorder characterized by a restriction of energy intake, intense fear of gaining weight or of becoming fat and disturbance in the body self-evaluation. Objectives: To determine the relationship between Anorexia Nervosa and the physical, behavioral, socio-cultural variables, psychological/emotional, in teenager between the ages of 8 and 26 years of age resident in mainland Portugal. Methodology: This is a quantitative, crosssectional, descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 301 teenager, of which 162 (53.8%) are the males and 139 (46.2%) female, aged between 8 and 26 years. The data collection instrument, available online, was a questionnaire with questions about demographic characterization and Diagnostic Criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (DSM-5). The ethical procedures were guaranteed. The data was processed with the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 24 for Windows. Results: The prevalence of anorexia nervosa (individuals met the three criteria for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa according to DSM-5) is 3.3% (60% female and 40% male). In the sample, 35.9% had body distortion, 34.2% admit being afraid of gaining weight and 10.3% have a BMI 18.5. There is a statistically significant relationship between anorexia and the happiness in losing weight, anxiety/obsession, anxiety/anxiety in meals, not like you, vomiting, self-control, perfection, self-evaluation and the lack of body weight. Conclusion: We consider pertinent the dissemination of the results counted, contributing to increased awareness and multidisciplinary intervention of careers for prevention and care to the person with this pathology so severe that affects more and more people.

Introdução: A automedicação é um importante problema de saúde pública e constitui um desafio em diversos países europeus, designadamente em Portugal. Os objetivos deste estudo foram estimar a prevalência de automedicação numa amostra de adultos portugueses da Região Centro e Norte de Portugal e identificar fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde associados à automedicação. Participantes e métodos: Estudo transversal analítico. A amostra ficou constituída 197 indivíduos da comunidade, região centro e norte de Portugal, com uma média de idades de 38,26±14,20 anos e maioritariamente do género feminino (65,0%). Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um questionário, composto por questões de caracterização sociodemográfica, de contexto de saúde e questões referentes à automedicação. Resultados: No total da amostra a prevalência de automedicação ao longo da vida foi de 74,1% e nos últimos 6 meses foi de 59,9%. A automedicação ao longo da vida associou-se significativamente com a área de residência urbana (p=0,018). A automedicação nos últimos 6 meses relacionou-se positivamente com a idade ≤25 anos (OR=3,69; IC95% 1,04-12,14) e negativamente com a área de residência (rural OR=0,36; IC95% 0,15-0,84). Conclusões: Observámos elevadas prevalências de automedicação ao longo da vida e nos últimos 6 meses na comunidade norte e centro de Portugal. A automedicação associou-se com variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Os resultados do presente estudo criam evidência para o planeamento de intervenções no âmbito do controlo da automedicação na comunidade., Self-medication is an important public health issue and a challenge in several European countries, particularly in Portugal. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of self-medication in a sample of Portuguese adults in the Central and Northern Region of Portugal and to identify sociodemographic and health factors associated with self-medication. Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed. The sample consisted of 197 individuals from the community, central and northern Portugal, with a mean age of 38.26 ± 14.20 years and mostly female (65.0%). The data collection was accomplished through the application of a questionnaire, composed of questions of sociodemographic characterization, health context and issues related to selfmedication. Results: In the total sample, the prevalence of self-medication throughout life was 74.1% and in the last 6 months it was 59.9%. Lifelong self-medication was significantly associated with urban residence (p = 0.018). Self-medication in the last 6 months was positively correlated with age ≤25 years (OR = 3.69, 95% CI 1.04-12.14) and negatively with the residential area (rural OR = 0.36, 95% CI, 0.15-0.84). Conclusions: We observed a high prevalence of self-medication throughout the life and in the last 6 months among the northern and central communities of Portugal. Self-medication was associated with sociodemographic and health variables. The results of the present study provide evidence for the planning of interventions in the control of selfmedication in the community.

Background: The Portuguese Synthetic Fertility Index (ISF) is among the lowest in Europe. However, the desire of each young individual to have a child without any restriction is higher than the reference value for the replacement of generations. Objective: Understand the relationship between sociodemographic variables and self – esteem variables with the desire to have a child. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive-correlational study. A non-probabilistic for convenience sampling, composed of 398 participants with an average age of 20.79 years (sd = 2.785). The research protocol was questionnaire that characterizes the sociodemographic sample. Also included, the Questionnaire about desire to have a child (Cameira, Cabral, Leal, Pais-Ribeiro, 2000), with three dimensions (parenting, needs of the couple and ego needs) and Rosenberg Self – esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965, adap.). Results: It is amog women and in the age group ≤ 19 years that the desire to have a child is higher. Having a boyfriend, belonging to an extended family or not having siblings are related to higher desire to have a child, however without significant statistical differences. Self-esteem impacts the desire to have a child. Conclusions: Multiprofessional teams that relate directly to young adults should promote birth, taking into account not only the preparation and training for parenting, but also the promotion of sexual and reproductive health.

Self-medication is an important public health issue and a challenge in several European countries, particularly in Portugal. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of self-medication in a sample of Portuguese adults in the Central and Northern Region of Portugal and to identify sociodemographic and health factors associated with self-medication. Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed. The sample consisted of 197 individuals from the community, central and northern Portugal, with a mean age of 38.26 ± 14.20 years and mostly female (65.0%). The data collection was accomplished through the application of a questionnaire, composed of questions of sociodemographic characterization, health context and issues related to selfmedication. Results: In the total sample, the prevalence of self-medication throughout life was 74.1% and in the last 6 months it was 59.9%. Lifelong self-medication was significantly associated with urban residence (p = 0.018). Self-medication in the last 6 months was positively correlated with age ≤25 years (OR = 3.69, 95% CI 1.04-12.14) and negatively with the residential area (rural OR = 0.36, 95% CI, 0.15-0.84). Conclusions: We observed a high prevalence of self-medication throughout the life and in the last 6 months among the northern and central communities of Portugal. Self-medication was associated with sociodemographic and health variables. The results of the present study provide evidence for the planning of interventions in the control of selfmedication in the community.

Although the advantages of breastfeeding are well known, their maintenance is still far from recommended, influenced by psychological, biological, social and cultural factors. Objectives: To determine if sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics influence the prevalence of breastfeeding. Methods: A quantitative, cross - sectional, descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 1102 women from mainland Portugal, with a mean age of 32 years (± 5.87). The data collection protocol is the questionnaire that allows sociodemographic and pregnancy characterization. Results: Maternal age appears as a determinant variable in prevalence at 6 and 24 months. Marital status shows significant differences in women who breastfeed at 24 months and have a partner. Schooling has been shown to be a determinant variable in breastfeeding at 6 and 24 months. Regarding pregnancy monitoring and the number of consultations performed, there are statistically significant differences in the prevalence of breastfeeding at six months. As well as the fact that the delivery is eutocic. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the frequency of prep classes and the prevalence of breastfeeding at 6 and 24 months. Conclusions: Because there is a multiplicity of factors that influence the motivation, practice and maintenance of breastfeeding, we recommend programs that promote maintenance. There should also be support from health professionals to help overcome the difficulties encountered, preventing the early cessation of breastfeeding.

A capacidade das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) adotarem políticas e dinâmicas promotoras de interculturalidade para a inclusão dos estudantes apresenta-se como um desafio face aos relatos de vivências de exclusão académica dos participantes deste estudo. Foi objetivo deste estudo compreender a experiência vivida pelos participantes, na academia, como fenómeno de inclusão/exclusão. Relativamente aos métodos, trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, fenomenológico-interpretativo, com recurso à entrevista fenomenológica. Participaram trinta e um elementos da comunidade académica (estudantes, docentes e não docentes) de uma IES de Portugal, de abril a julho de 2019. A análise dos dados emergentes foi qualitativa e realizada com ajuda do software Nvivo12. Este estudo insere-se num projeto mais amplo intitulado “Práticas inclusivas no Ensino Superior: O desafio de construir comunidade”, autorizado pela Comissão de Ética da Instituição onde se realizou o estudo. Quanto aos Resultados, das categorias emergentes destacamos a Experiência e significado de inclusão, com destaque para a “Indiscriminação”, “Igualdade e equidade” e “Integração na comunidade”; as Barreiras à inclusão na instituição, com ênfase nas “Barreiras Arquitetónicas”, na “Desarticulação hierárquica institucional, “dificuldades linguísticas” e, ainda, a categoria Sentimentos vivenciados em experiências de exclusão, enfatizados pelos participantes, como a “desvalorização”, a “solidão” e a “tristeza”. Em conclusão, os participantes consideram que os principais desafios institucionais à inclusão e interculturalidade se centram no derrubar as barreiras arquitetónicas e linguísticas, de forma a que os edifícios tenham acessos adequados à mobilidade, que garantam a sua integração e minimizem sentimentos de desvalorização, solidão e tristeza.

Introducao: Os enfermeiros desenvolvem estrategias para superar os constrangimentos na interacao com as gravidas imigrantes; Objetivos compreender como os enfermeiros vivenciam os constrangimentos na interacao com a gravida imigrante e conhecer as estrategias de superacao que os enfermeiros mobilizam na interacao com a gravida imigrante Metodos: Estudo qualitativo, fenomenologico-hermeneutico com recurso a entrevista fenomenologica semiestruturada a dez enfermeiros do bloco de partos de um hospital da Grande Lisboa, com suporte a analise qualitativa de dados apoiada pelo Nvivo12. Este trabalho insere-se no projeto MEIOS - Mediacao Intercultural e Outcomes em Saude, desenvolvido pela Rede de Ensino Superior em Mediacao Intercultural e Alto Comissariado para as Migracoes, autorizado pela Comissao Nacional de Protecao de Dados e Comissao de Etica da Instituicao envolvida; Resultados: Emerge a categoria “Constrangimentos dos enfermeiros na interacao com a mulher imigrante”, com destaque para a “Barreira cultural”, com enfase na “Barreira linguistica”; e a categoria “Estrategias utilizadas pelo Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saude Materna e Obstetrica na interacao com a mulher imigrante” sobressaindo as estrategias “Recorrer a familiar como interprete da mulher imigrante”, e “Utilizar linguagem gestual”, Conclusoes:. A barreira cultural apresenta-se como o grande constrangimento e o recurso a familiares e linguagem gestual coma as principais estrategias adotadas para facilitar os encontros culturais.

Introducao Relatos de vivencias de exclusao academica apresentam-se como desafios as instituicoes de ensino superior (IES) na sua capacidade de desenvolverem, mas tambem de aplicarem politicas promotoras de interculturalidade; Objetivos Conhecer as praticas institucionais interpretadas como barreiras a inclusao e desafios a interculturalidade; e desocultar os sentimentos vividos pela comunidade academica em contextos experienciados que considerem de exclusao; Metodos Estudo qualitativo, fenomenologico-hermeneutico com recurso a entrevista fenomenologica a trinta membros da comunidade academica (estudantes, docentes e nao docentes) de uma IES de Portugal, de abril a julho de 2019, com suporte a analise qualitativa de dados apoiada pelo Nvivo12. Este trabalho insere-se num projeto mais alargado intitulado “Praticas inclusivas no Ensino Superior: O desafio de construir comunidade”, autorizado pela Comissao de Etica da Instituicao envolvida; Resultados Apresentam-se as categorias “Barreiras a inclusao na instituicao” e “Sentimentos vivenciados em experiencias de exclusao”. As barreiras a inclusao na instituicao mais referenciadas foram barreiras arquitetonicas e desuniao hierarquica na instituicao. No que concerne aos sentimentos vivenciados em experiencias de exclusao, os participantes referenciaram essencialmente o sentir-se desvalorizado, a solidao e a tristeza; Conclusoes. As barreiras arquitetonicas da instituicao, o sentir-se desvalorizado, a solidao e a tristeza sao os principais desafios institucionais a inclusao e interculturalidade.

Introdução: Os enfermeiros desenvolvem estratégias para superar os constrangimentos na interação com as grávidas imigrantes; Objetivos compreender como os enfermeiros vivenciam os constrangimentos na interação com a grávida imigrante e conhecer as estratégias de superação que os enfermeiros mobilizam na interação com a grávida imigrante Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, fenomenológico-hermenêutico com recurso à entrevista fenomenológica semiestruturada a dez enfermeiros do bloco de partos de um hospital da Grande Lisboa, com suporte a análise qualitativa de dados apoiada pelo Nvivo12. Este trabalho insere-se no projeto MEIOS - Mediação Intercultural e Outcomes em Saúde, desenvolvido pela Rede de Ensino Superior em Mediação Intercultural e Alto Comissariado para as Migrações, autorizado pela Comissão Nacional de Proteção de Dados e Comissão de Ética da Instituição envolvida; Resultados: Emerge a categoria “Constrangimentos dos enfermeiros na interação com a mulher imigrante”, com destaque para a “Barreira cultural”, com enfase na “Barreira linguística”; e a categoria “Estratégias utilizadas pelo Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica na interação com a mulher imigrante” sobressaindo as estratégias “Recorrer a familiar como intérprete da mulher imigrante”, e “Utilizar linguagem gestual”, Conclusões:. A barreira cultural apresenta-se como o grande constrangimento e o recurso a familiares e linguagem gestual coma as principais estratégias adotadas para facilitar os encontros culturais.

The offshore worker is confined to a limited space during a certain period of time. Investigating how the characteristics of the work environment affect workers’ health is a concern. The objective of this study was to assess the lifestyles of offshore workers from a sub-Saharan Africa platform. Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional study with a sample of 99 offshore workers, all of the male gender, with mean age 39.11-11.69 years; 78.5% are married and 83.8% have scholarship between the 5th and 12th grades. Data collection was accomplished through a selfadministered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic, professional and lifestyle variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 for Windows. Results: Of the offshore workers, 54.2% reported having 3 or more children; 54.5% have one woman and 24.2% have two women; 33.3% indicated to have two residences. Regarding the professional variables, on average, the number of years working offshore was 10.07±5.52 years and 75.8% of the workers performed a rotation system of 4 weeks. Referring to lifestyle variables, 54.5% reported drinking coffee daily, 20% having coffee after 20 hours, on average drinking 3.37-1.83 coffees a day; 74.4% reported that they consume soft drinks daily, the most consumed soft drink was coca-cola (67.6%); almost all workers consumed alcoholic beverages on land (83.8%), with the most consuming mainly beer (68.7%); 22.2% smoke and on average smoke 15.64 ± 8.52 cigarettes per day. More than half of the sample had pre-obesity (63.6%) and 19.2% obesity; 45.5% reported that they sometimes exercise and 22.2% frequently exercise. In the last 12 months, 72.0% of workers consumed sleeping pills; 14.0% suffer from some kind of disease, the most prevalent being hypertension (42.9%); in the last 12 months 91.0% of the sample consulted a physician and 78.0% consulted a general practitioner. Conclusions: We found high prevalences of unhealthy lifestyles, consumptions, lack of regular exercise, overweight and almost half of the workers suffer from hypertension.

Background: Changes the level of the professional career and working conditions, implies impairment of physical and mental health, with prejudice on satisfaction, fulfillment and exhaustion of nurses in Portugal. Objectives: Verify if the socio-demographic and professional variables interfere with exhaustion, satisfaction, personal and professional fulfillment. Consider whether job satisfaction interfere with the exhaustion felt by nurses in Portugal. Methodology: It is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational and analytical, retrospective and cross study, whose non-probabilistic sample consists of 534 Portuguese Nurses (23.8% men and 76.2% women), aged between 21 and 57 years (m = 34.83). It was used as data collection the sociodemographic and professional questionnaire, Satisfaction and achievement Scale the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The data was processed with the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 24 for Windows. Results: The variables: sex, marital status; age; specialized training; time of service; weekly working hours and mode; rewards; public/private institution type, interfere with exhaustion, satisfaction, personal and professional fulfillment. Nurses who show emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are least satisfied (MW = 347.60); (OM = 299.79) respectively. In terms of personal achievement prevail manifested the ones who are very satisfied (MW = 301.40). The entire assessment of burnout level, there is a predominance of little satisfied Nurses (MW = 327.05). Conclusion: In the light of the results obtained and the specificity of the work is urgent implement measures in the management and direction of the health institutions in the sense to lessen the workload by hiring nurses and other measures as the development of intervention programs on time management, conflict, interpersonal relationship and communication; Encourage the recognition of work, valuation and delegation of powers and system of rewards of nurses.

The General Health Questionnaire is used to detect the existence of a probable psychiatric disorder in the general population, among a community or in non-psychiatric settings, such as in public health or primary care (Pais Ribeiro, et al., 2015). It is sensitive to recent psychiatric disorders but not to stable states with prolonged existence (Goldberg Williams, 1988). In this study, we evaluated the internal consistency of the Goldberg Questionnaire in 150 farmers aged between 19 and 88 years, with a mean of 55.3 years. The sample,had a higher percentage of male participants living in the central region of Portugal and with a partner; most of them with a schooling up to the 9th grade and professionally active. A Pearson correlation matrix was performed between the subscales and the global index. The results showed that the correlations were positive and significantly correlated, ranging from (r = 0.267) somatic symptoms to social dysfunction and (r = 0.623) somatic symptoms vs anxiety and insomnia. As regards for the correlations between the different subscales with the overall value, it is observed that these are reasonable and positive, ranging from (r = 0.553) with social dysfunction and (r = 0.871) with anxiety and insomnia (table 6) accounting for 30.5% and 75.8% respectively. The results show that the great majority of the items are significant, consubstantiating higher correlational values in the subscales to which they belong, and that this value is higher than the others, being in most cases higher than 0.30.

A non-smoking pregnancy translates into more health for the mother and the child. Pregnancy surveillance ensures the timely identification of risk factors and the possibility of early prenatal care that prevents complications. The nurse assumes himself as a professional in promoting health and preventing complications in the follow-up of the woman / couple throughout pregnancy and in the awareness of the importance of adopting healthy lifestyles. Objective: Identify the determinants of tobacco use and pregnancy surveillance. Methodology: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 3232 mothers. The study was carried out in 32 maternity / maternity hospitals, from north to south of Portugal, in the obstetrics / inpatient postpartum service between 2010 and 2012. The data collection instrument was the questionnaire that allowed the sociodemographic characterization of the sample with a mean age of women of 28.75 years (SD = 5.463 years), 78.2% Portuguese and 21.8% foreign. Ethical procedures were ensured and the study was authorized by the National Data Protection Commission in addition to the favorable opinions of the ethics committees of the institutions involved. The data was processed with the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 24 for Windows. Results: A woman who lives with a partner who has not planned pregnancy is more likely to have adequate pregnancy surveillance and not consume tobacco during pregnancy. On the other hand, a woman living in a rural area, with a higher vocational training or technical training, who is not employed, has had health problems during pregnancy and has not been prepared for childbirth, is less likely to surveillance her pregnancy and more likely to be a tobacco user. Conclusion: Adequate pregnancy surveillance ensures the timely identification of risk factors such as tobacco use and the possibility of timely sensitization of the woman / couple to a non-smoking pregnancy and for the prevention of complications.

Background: Family planning promotes activities that ensure sexual and reproductive health, ensuring information that promotes a safe and healthy sexuality experience Objectives: To determine if sociodemographic, affective and sexual variables influence the knowledge about family planning in higher education students Methodology: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 199 higher education students, with a mean age of 20.89 years (sd = ± 2.01 years), mostly female (76.4%). The data collection instrument was a questionnaire that enabled the construction of the sociodemographic, affective and sexual characterization. The Family Planning Knowledge Scale (Nelas, Silva, Ferreira, Duarte Chaves, 2010) was also included. The ethical procedures were guaranteed. The data was processed with the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 24 for Windows. Results: More than half (86.9%) have initiated their sexual life. The majority of these (78.6%) reported the onset at 16-20 years. Most of them (61.8%) have no dating relationship at present, and 60.3%. have no sex in the current relationship. 90.5% use contraception. The majority (95.0%) would use condoms in occasional relationships. 55.8% of the participants do not monitor sexual and reproductive health and the nurse clarifies doubts about sexual and reproductive health with 75.4% of the sample. 63.1% of the participants never did a cervical cytology. 56.8% are not aware of family planning. Girls report more knowledge about family planning (p = 0.034). The monthly income of the household is statistically significant, with the highest income students showing more knowledge (p = 0.047). Health students have more knowledge (p = 0.001). Of the affective and sexual variables, only the sexual life had statistical significance, with those that had not initiated it, having more knowledge (p = 0.014). Conclusion: There is a need for interventions to promote sexual and reproductive health, aiming at a healthy sexuality experience.

Background:The Hostile behavior in children and adolescents is a problem of today. Several epidemiological studies reveal a primordial importance of parental relationship to the psychosocial development of the individual. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of hostile behavior in children and adolescents; identify the sociodemographic and family background variables that influence the hostile behavior in children and adolescents; examine how the perception against the parental conflict relates to the hostile behavior. Methodology: Quantitative study, non-experimental, transverse, descriptive and correlational and explanatory, involving a sample of 2728 children and adolescents (mean age = 14.73 and Dp = +/- 2.3). The data was gathered through a questionnaire that evolves dimensions such as Sociodemographyc Data, Family Context Data, Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. The data was processed with the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 24 for Windows. Results:The greater perception against the Conflict Interparental, the greater the Hostile behavior in children and adolescents. The Conflict Interparental influences Hostile behaviour in young people. If the Hostile behaviour in children and adolescents is recurrent and intense, exist a potential risk to will be an adult with antisocial behaviours. Conclusion:With the preparation of this study we intend to disseminate the results obtained are an added value to the quality of life of teenagers, trying to reduce the potential risks to the problem of Hostile Behavior.

Background:The onset of sexual activity is a time that has an impact on young people’s lives. It is important to know the motivations for the decision to have sex. Objectives: To determine if sexual satisfaction (relationship and trust) influence the motivation to have sex. Methodology: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with a sample of 323 higher education students, with a mean age of 20.68 years (sd = ± 2.54 years). The data collection instrument was a questionnaire that enabled the construction of the sexual characterization. The satisfaction with the sexual relationship scale (Ribeiro Raimundo, 2005) and Motivation to have or not to have sex (Leal Maroco, 2010) was also included. The ethical procedures were guaranteed. The data was processed with the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 24 for Windows. Results: In the sample 62.5% of the participants have date. Of these 53.2% have been dating for more than two years. The boyfriend/girlfriend (30.7%) and the mother (21.4%) are the preferred interlocutors on sexuality. In the sample, 83.6% already started the sex life. The female (63.2%) values intimacies close to intercourse. 54.2% of females prefer not to have sexual intercourse with more than one person. In the current relationship 69.2% have sex and 81.7% have contraception. Participants reveal positive sexual satisfaction in both relationship and trust. Dating and sexual experience influence sexual satisfaction. Male present hedonism, health, and relational interdependence as reasons for having sex. Participants without sexual experience refer fear and conservatism not to have sex. Sexual satisfaction is predictive of having sex in the dimensions of hedonism and health, and relational interdependence. Conclusion: We propose the creation of offices in the universities to clarify doubts and to train sexuality-related skills that provide sexual decisions and promote sexual and reproductive health.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON PARENT/BABY BONDINGBackground: The social support is an important factor in the establishment of bonding between parent and baby, because it involve the quality of social relations in the family. This factor has been pointed out a psychosocial variable involved in adaptation to parenthood.Objective: Investigate the influence between social support and bonding of father and baby.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study, correlational descriptive, quantitative, attended by 349 parents, aged between 19 and 55, with an average age of 31,84 (sd=6,067). To providing a reliable sample characterization the social-demographic, obstetric and pregnancy variables, we applied questionnaires and also the Satisfaction Scale with the Social Support (Ribeiro, 1999) and Bonding Scale (Figueiredo et al., 2005).Results: This study reveals that positive bonding is influenced by age (p=0,010), qualifications (p=0,045), first child (p=0,027), communication with fetus (p=0,005) and be present during labor (p=0,045). Regarding to social support: - Positive bonding and “satisfaction with friends” (p=0,011); - Negative bonding and “intimacies” (p=0,011); - Total bonding and “family satisfaction” (p=0,001).Conclusion: The data undoubtedly show the importance of nurse specialists in maternal health who must involve the father since the beginning of pregnancy. Since social support is key to bonding, it is essential that health professionals support and integrate the father in the adjustement process to parenthood.Keywords: Father; Baby; Labor; Bonding; Social Support.Resumo. Enquadramento: O suporte social é um fator relevante no estabelecimento de laços afetivos entre pai e bebé, pois envolve a qualidade das relações sociais centradas na família. Este tem sido apontado como uma variável psicossocial envolvida na adaptação à parentalidade.Objetivo: Estabelecer a relação entre o suporte social e a vinculação (bonding) entre o pai e o bebé.Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo-correlacional, de natureza quantitativa, com uma amostra de 349 pais média de idade 31,84 anos, dp= 6,067). O instrumento de colheita de dados foi o questionário que permitiu caracterizar a amostra nas variáveis sociodemográficas, de gravidez e parto e foi ainda incluída a Escala de Satisfação com o Suporte Social (Ribeiro, 1999) e Escala de Bonding (Figueiredo et al., 2005).Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que o bonding positivo é influenciado pela idade (p=0,010), habilitações literárias (p=0,045), ser primeiro filho (p=0,027), comunicação com o feto (p=0,005), presença no trabalho de parto (p=0,045). Quanto ao suporte social foi encontrada relação entre o bonding positivo e “satisfação com os amigos” (p=0,011); bonding negativo e “intimidades” (p=0,011) e bonding total e “satisfação com a família” (p=0,001).Conclusão: O papel do enfermeiro especialista em saúde materna assume-se como primordial, devendo envolver o pai desde o início da gravidez. Dada a importância que o suporte social asume no estabelecimento do bonding, é imprescindível que os profissionais de saúde apoiem e integrem o pai no processo de adaptação à parentalidade.Palavras-chave: Pai; Bebé; Trabalho de Parto; Bonding; Suport.

Background: Breastfeeding is determined not just organically but also involves emotional and socio-cultural factors. Objectives: Identify the most frequent difficulties associated with breastfeeding in the first month of life of the baby; Evaluate the relationship between difficulties in breastfeeding and satisfaction with life; Analyze the relationship between difficulties in breastfeeding and sociodemographic variables. Methods: A quantitative study, descriptive, correlational. The data were collected through a questionnaire, applied in two moments, at 7 and 30 days of the baby’s life, which allowed the sociodemographic and breastfeeding characterization. It also includes Satisfaction with Life Scale (Simões, 1992). The sample is not probabilistic for convenience, made up of 255 mothers who breastfeed, entered in the Family Health Units and Custom Health Care Units in the central region of Portugal. Results: Participants have an average age of 20.7 years, mostly married, with education less than the 3rd cycle, and residents employed full time in the city. As for the most common problems associated with breastfeeding in the two stages of evaluation that women had the 7th day and continued to be the 30th day, the fissures predominate (77.5%), breast engorgement (66.7%), mastitis (63.6%) the difficulties in the handle (82.4%), the position and posture for nursing (50.0%). The difficulties in breastfeeding are not related to satisfaction with life. Conclusions: In view of these results, and knowing that women have difficulties with breastfeeding in the two time points, it is important the support from nurses so that they can overcome them and do not constitute a repudiation of reason breastfeeding.

Introduction: The consumption of alcoholic beverages during pregnancy is highly detrimental to the mothers’ health as well as to the health of the fetus. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy leads us to question the quality of health care. The objectives of this study are to quantify the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy by Portuguese and immigrant women in Portugal and to analyze the information conveyed during pregnancy surveillance visits. Methods: A cross-sectional study, partially analyzed as a control case, involved 753 immigrant mothers between the ages of 16 and 45 (29,30 ± 5,76) and 1654 Portuguese women aged 15-44 (29,99 ± 5, 42). Data collection resorted to self-administered questionnaires in 32 Portuguese maternity wards/ hospitals, from January 2010 to December 2011. Alcohol consumption was defined as the intake of any amount of alcohol during pregnancy. Prevalence was expressed in proportions and the association scale between odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals was determined. Results: Nine out of ten pregnant women did not ingest any alcohol. Among those who ingested it, the highest percentage occurred among immigrants (12.0% vs 6.6%) with statistical significance (OR 0.52, CI 95% 0.37-0.7, x2 = 19.617, p 0.001). As to the frequency of consumption, 57.8% of the Portuguese women and 71.1% of the immigrants (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.26-0.52) consumed a few times. Regarding the quality of information on alcohol consumption, 39.2% of the Portuguese considered it good and 34.9% of the immigrants, reasonable. Conclusion: Migrant women consume more alcoholic beverages during pregnancy than Portuguese ones. The prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy by immigrants and Portuguese suggests inadequate antenatal care.

Background: The bonding process is essential to favors and/or determines the future relationship between parent and baby and influences the cognitive and social development of the child. The bonding is conditioned by a set of interrelated factors with parental and situational conditions that may assist or prevent the establishment of bonding (Pereira, 2009). Objective: Establish the relationship between the sociodemographic context (age, marital status, educational qualifications and length of relationship) and bonding parent/baby. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study, correlational descriptive, quantitative, attended by 349 parents, aged between 19 and 55, with an average age of 31,84 (sd=6,067). To providing a reliable sample characterization the social-demographic we applied questionnaires and Bonding Scale (Figueiredo et al., 2005). Results: This study reveals that positive bonding is influenced by age (p=0,010), being higher in parents aged 30 years or less. With regard to qualifications, it was found that the smaller the educational level of the parents, the greater the bonding positive (p=0,045). On the other hand the marital status and the length of the relationship did not influence the bonding. Conclusion: Given the importance of the bonding process between parent and baby, whose involvement should exist from the beginning of pregnancy, it’s imperative that the Nurse Specialist in maternal health take responsibility to educate and stimulate the paternal bonding supporting and integrating the father in the process of adaptation to parenthood.

The crucial role played by cervical cancer screening (CCS) in women’s health, originated a qualitative, cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive study aiming to understand what cervical cancer screening and nursing interventions carried out during medical appointments really mean to women. The sample consisted of female users of a healthcare unit, among which 20 women who had missed their cervical cancer screening sessions were contacted and selected. The semi-structured interview was the instrument selected to collect data. Data analysis was carried out using content analysis techniques, with semantic categorization, and an inductive approach using version 11 of the NVivo program. Data analysis gave rise to a set of arguments that shed some light on why women choose not to attend CCS sessions and on which nursing interventions conducted in those CCS sessions are really meaningful to them.

Introdução: A satisfação dos doentes constitui um indicador indispensável para a avaliação da qualidade dos cuidados e há evidência da sua correlação com os resultados em saúde. A satisfação com os cuidados de saúde é um conceito multidimensional que considera aspetos como acesso, organização e interação doente - profissional. Consideramos que os cuidados de enfermagem, em particular, são fundamentais no processo saúde/doença. Objetivos: Validar uma escala para avaliar a satisfação dos utentes face aos cuidados de enfermagem, adaptado do instrumento EUROPEP e avaliar a satisfação dos utentes dos cuidados de saúde primários da região centro de Portugal. Material e métodos: Estudo transversal, com uma amostra de 827 utentes adultos (maioria do sexo feminino 64,4%) com uma média de idade de 50,08±18,58 anos. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário, constituído por variáveis sociodemográficas, o instrumento EUROPEP (Ferreira, 1995) para avaliar a satisfação com os cuidados de saúde primários e para avaliar a satisfação especificamente com a equipa de enfermagem elaboramos questões adaptadas do instrumento EUROPEP e agrupadas nas dimensões relação de ajuda, dimensão interpessoal e instrumental. A consistência interna, reprodutibilidade e análise de conteúdo foram avaliados com recurso ao SPSS 23.0; considerando a consistência aceitável para um de Cronbach 0,70. O coeficiente para cada item é apresentado com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Em todas as dimensões do questionário EUROPEP, a maior percentagem de satisfação com os cuidados situou-se entre “boa” e “muito boa”. As dimensões criadas para avaliar especificamente os cuidados de enfermagem apresentaram um coeficiente de α de Cronbach total de 0,972. Conclusões: Estes resultados sugerem que as dimensões criadas para avaliar os cuidados de enfermagem serão úteis para a investigação na população Portuguesa. A satisfação do utente é decisiva para a qualidade e eficiência dos cuidados prestados, sendo necessário o compromisso de todos os prestadores na implementação de práticas sistemáticas de gestão que conduzam à satisfação, dando particular atenção à melhoria contínua dos processos organizacionais.

The hostile behaviors in adolescents are a growing reality in the world being necessary to investigate their causes and think about interventions in the various contexts of life Objective: Outline appropriate intervention strategies to adolescents, in close liaison with teachers for prevention and promotion of healthy behaviors. Methods: Qualitative study of phenomenological nature inscribed in naturalistic paradigm involving a sample of 35 class directors of the secondary schools in the city of Viseu. The data collection is made through a questionnaire, consisting of open response questions: characterization; teachers’ opinions about the formal educational interventions, practiced and recommended; role of the nurse in the school. Results: class directors consider that the pedagogical strategies enacted by the Ministry of Education, are not effective in the facing of hostile behaviors in adolescents, stating that the pedagogical strategy they most utilize is the dialogue; Pedagogical strategies recommended are in school interventions, followed by interventions directed to parents and “creating Health Office” being the nurse one of the trainers sensitizing the entire educational community about this issue. Conclusions: Support for the development of protective factors is of paramount importance in the prevention of hostile behaviors reducing its prevalence. We suggest the implementation of intervention programs based on promotion of non-violent environments and behaviors involving theentire educational community.

Background: The access to higher education is a complex process and it's a major challenge for students, confronting them with numerous changes and challenges. Satisfaction with social support is considered a protective and adaptive factor in the face of adverse characteristics of this integration process. Goals: Evaluate the satisfaction of social support on higher education students and analyze the relationship between social support and socio-demographic, academic and socio-economic variables. Methods: Data was collected through the implementation of a questionnaire in an online platform to a non-probabilistic sample of 556 students (average age 20.20 years) taking a degree. Socio-demographic, academic and socio-economic information was obtained. Satisfaction with social support was obtained through the Satisfaction Scale with Social Support (Pais Ribeiro, 1999). Results: Gender variables, age, parent's marital status, number of siblings, household income, region to which they belong, number of children, satisfaction with the course and study, and the place of residence, all this statistically interfered in satisfaction with social support. Conclusion: We suggest the implementation of diagnostic measures in schools to identify risk situations relating to social support, and appropriate interventions to prevent behaviors that may harm the personal and academic life of the same.

Maternal and obstetric health specialist nurses focus their attention on the human responses to life transitions, particularly in physiological situations. The appearance of associations, in Portugal, for physiological birth defence and for water births defence was the reason for this research. This is a qualitative, phenomenological study from the Max Van Manen perspective with the aim to understand the experience of mothers who had one or more water births in Portugal. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who had at least one experience of childbirth in the water. The data were collected between July 2017 and February 2018. From the qualitative analysis of the data emerged seven categories. Considering the dimension of this study only two of these categories are possible to be presented in this article, namely: the benefits of water; and the woman’s satisfaction manifestations with the experience of physiological labour in water.

Female urinary incontinence is a common condition with a relevant impact in the quality of life. The treatment is now possible for a significant number of cases. The purpose of this study is identify the quality of life of women with urinary incontinence and analise the influence of vulnerability to stress and the impact of incontinence on quality of life. This is an exploratory and correlational study, with 200 participants suffering from incontinence who reported urine loss at least once a week in the previous 3 months. The data collection protocol was a questionnaire which allowed for the socio-demographic characterization of the sample. It included the scales of impact of urinary incontinence (UCIQ-SF), KHQ and vulnerability to stress (23 QVS). The average age is 58.42 years (sd = 11.52). The sample presents a moderate quality of life in all areas. Predictor factors of overall quality of life are urge urinary incontinence, the dramatization of existence and deprivation of affection and rejection concerning the vulnerability to stress. Given the results, it is important to alert the female population for the prevention of urinary incontinence, due to the negative impact on quality of life and as a limiting factor in the activities of daily living.

The link between father and child is fundamental, the presence of the former in the birthing room being essential to closer links between the triad. The purpose of this study is to identify the benefits for the father from their involvement during the labor and birth sequence. An integrational review of the literature was carried out together with research on the databases: PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Institutional Holdings and Digital Libraries and EBSCO Host published between 2000 e 2014. The results demonstrate the existence of a ‘new’ father who is involved in the consultations during the pregnancy and preparations for the birth, his presence in the birthing room making him feel that he is playing an active part in the process encourages him to develop closer and more intimate links leading to a consolidation of the family unit, the assumption of a parental role in addition to being able to share the experience of the birth with the mother and contribute to her well-being. The team of health professionals has a crucial role in the integration of the father into the process of maternity with his presence also being reflected in the humanization of health care. It may be concluded that there are many benefits from paternal involvement in the birth when accompanying the mother from the moment of pregnancy with an active presence during the birth and enjoying the entire process by sharing emotions and feelings and contributing to the humanization of care and an affective link between the triad. The performance of the Specialist Nursing Staff in the areas of Maternal health and Obstetrics is reflected in the inclusion of the father in the birthing room and in the de-mythification of taboos. The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the project PEst-OE/CED/UI4016/2014, and the Centre for Studies in Education, Technologies and Health (CI&DETS). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Objective To identify risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) and assess the quality of life (QoL) of affected women. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted of all women with UI who attended the urology and gynecology services of four hospitals in central Portugal between March and December 2012. Information was obtained from participants using questionnaires assessing sociodemographic, obstetric, gynecologic, and lifestyle variables. Results Among 505 participants, 351 (69.5%) had urgency UI, 107 (21.2%) stress UI, and 47 (9.3%) mixed UI. Stress UI was associated with smoking, alcohol consumption, constipation, gravidity, parity, and vaginal infections (P ≤ 0.02 for all). Urgency UI was associated with age above 50 years, employment, smoking, and sitting for 2 hours or less per day (P ≤ 0.02 for all). Mixed UI was associated with age 50 years or younger, smoking, sitting for 2 hours or less per day, and frequently carrying more than 3 kg in weight (P < 0.001 for all). A negative impact on QoL was reported by 501 (99.2%) women. Compared with younger participants, women older than 50 years presented with more sleep/energy disturbances and performance limitations (P ≤ 0.04 for both). Conclusion UI is associated with several risk factors and has a negative impact on QoL. Appropriate investigation regarding the factors associated with the types of UI should be performed to diminish its impact on QoL.