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The rosebay willowherb (Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. syn. Epilobium angustifolium L.) from Onagraceae family is a valuable medicinal plant. The aim of our research was to measure the effect of different harvest times on the profile and concentration of oenothein B, polyphenols, flavonoids and sterols after ex vitro Chamaenerion angustifolium multiplication. For this purpose, we compared phytochemical properties of the herb in two ex vitro lines: German (DE) and Polish (PL), collected in two different harvest times: during and after the flowering period – in June and in September respectively. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted using advanced LC–MS systems, including: HPLC-DAD-MSn, UPLC-PDA-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD, UPLC–MS/MS and the spectrophotometric methods. In the course of the qualitative analysis of herb samples, 45 phenolic metabolites were identified, from which gallic acid, oenothein B and quercetin 3-O-arabinoside were the principal compounds. In both lines, the quantitative determination with the use of two chromatographic methods showed the highest concentration of oenothein B, β−sitosterol and ellagic acid, whereas in the analysis with the spectrophotometric method, it was the total polyphenols content that predominated (expressed as gallic acid). In most cases, the flowering period was a better source of active compounds. The chemical characteristics of ex vitro raw material is similar to the field crop plants profile, confirming the positive application of the ex vitro cultivation method.

In barley plants, water shortage causes many changes on the morphological, physiological and biochemical levels resulting in the reduction of grain yield. In the present study the results of various experiments on the response of the same barley recombinant inbred lines to water shortage, including phenotypic, proteomic and metabolomic traits were integrated. Obtained results suggest that by a multi-omic approach it is possible to indicate proteomic and metabolomic traits important for reaction of barley plants to reduced water availability. Analysis of regression of drought effect (DE) for grain weight per plant on DE of proteomic and metabolomic traits allowed us to suggest ideotype of barley plants tolerant to water shortage. It was shown that grain weight under drought was determined significantly by six proteins in leaves and five in roots, the function of which were connected with defence mechanisms, ion/electron transport, carbon (in leaves) and nitrogen (in roots) metabolism, and in leaves additionally by two proteins of unknown function. Out of numerous metabolites detected in roots only Aspartic and Glutamic acids and one metabolite of unknown function, were found to have significant influence on grain weight per plant. The role of these traits as biomarkers, and especially as suggested targets of ideotype breeding, has to be further studied. One of the direction to be followed is genetic co-localization of proteomic, metabolomic and phenotypic traits in the genetic and physical maps of barley genome that can describe putative functional associations between traits; this is the next step of our analysis that is in progress., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 2 supplementary tables