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Die Bildgebung des Sehnervs und der peripapillären Nervenfaserschicht hat in der Glaukomdiagnostik in den letzten Jahren zunehmenden Einfluss genommen. Für die Diagnose und die Progressionsanalyse der Glaukome ist insbesondere die optische Kohärenztomographie fest etabliert. Die technologischen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 180. Versammlung des Vereins Rheinisch-Westfälischer Augenärzte

Hintergrund: Beschreibung des Langzeitverlaufs von tiefen anterioren lamellären Keratoplastiken (deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, DALK) nach Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in Fällen von Infektionen und residualen Narben des anterioren Hornhautstromas. [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 180. Versammlung des Vereins Rheinisch-Westfälischer Augenärzte

Das kongenitale Glaukom ist eine seltene, aber schwere Erkrankung die unbehandelt zur Erblindung führt. Neben dem primär kongenitalen Glaukom können sekundär kongenitale Glaukome bei mesodermalen Dysgenesien des Auges oder syndromalen Erkrankungen auftreten. Während das primär[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 179. Versammlung des Vereins Rheinisch-Westfälischer Augenärzte

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in eyes after vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade and controls. Methods: In this prospective comparative study, IOP was measured with GAT and DCT in 30 eyes with oil endotamponade 1–3 days after vitrectomy and 40 untreated controls. In addition, ocular pulse amplitude (OPA), corneal pachymetry (CCT), and axial length (AL) were measured. Results: GAT values in the oil group were significantly higher compared to control eyes (mean GAT oil 13.6 ± 5.1 mmHg; mean GAT control 10.8 ± 2.1 mmHg; p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in DCT measurements (mean DCT oil 12.0 ± 4.1 mmHg; mean DCT control 11.9 ± 2.9 mmHg; p = 0.9). This led to a significant difference of GAT-DCT between the oil and control group (mean difference of GAT-DCT oil 1.6 ± 4.7 mmHg; mean difference of GAT-DCT control −1.1 ± 2.6 mmHg; p = 0.004). The difference between GAT and DCT was negatively correlated with the mean IOP measured by both methods (r = −0.36, p = 0.02) and positively correlated with CCT only in the control group (r = 0.36, p = 0.02), as well as to AL only in the oil group (r = 0.46, p = 0.01). The OPA did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion: GAT and DCT showed a good agreement in control eyes. The difference of GAT and DCT is significantly changed in eyes after vitrectomy with silicone oil endotamponade. Our findings suggest that GAT overestimates IOP in this situation. © 2017 Taylor & Francis.

Babac E Mazinani, Elke Merx, Niklas Plange, Peter Walter, Gernot F RoesslerRWTH Aachen University, Aachen, GermanyBackground: The purpose of this study was to examine retinal recovery processes to­pographically by the application of three flash sequences with specific interstimulus intervals.Methods: Twelve healthy subjects underwent multifocal electroretinography with a light-emitting diode stimulator. Every flash sequence consisted of three flashes with25msec between the first and the second flash and35msec between the second and the third flash. The interval between the third and the first flash of the next step was85msec. The interstimulus interval-dependent amplitude reductions of the multifocal electroretinographic response for these three intervals yielded three data points that were used to determine the complete curve of the recovery kinetics.Results: Amplitude reductions were higher with shorter interstimulus intervals. The mean half-life periods of the recovery kinetics for the different concentric rings and all subjects were: ring1,29.3±5.9msec; ring2,24.2±6.4msec; ring3,23±4.1msec; ring4,23.1±4.6msec; and ring5,22.3±4.4msec. The differences between the first and all other rings were statistically significant (P

Ludmilla Gorodezky,1,2 Babac AE Mazinani,2 Niklas Plange,2 Peter Walter,2 Martin Wenzel,1 Gernot Roessler2 1Petrisberg Eye Clinic, Trier, Germany; 2Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Technical University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany Introduction: In addition to measurement errors, individual anatomical conditions could be made responsible for unexpected prediction errors in the determination of the correct intraocular lens power for cataract surgery. Obviously, such anatomical conditions might be relevant for both eyes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the postoperative refractive error of the first eye has to be taken in account for the biometry of the second. Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 670 eyes of 335 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens in both eyes. According to the SRK/T formula, the postoperative refractive error of each eye was determined and compared with its fellow eye. Results: Of 670 eyes, 622 showed a postoperative refractive error within ±1.0 D (93%), whereas the prediction error was 0.5 D or less in 491 eyes (73%). The postoperative difference between both eyes was within 0.5 D in 71% and within 1.0 D in 93% of the eyes. Comparing the prediction error of an eye and its fellow eye, the error of the fellow eye was about half the value of the other. Conclusion: Our results imply that substitution of half of the prediction error of the first eye into the calculation of the second eye may be useful to reduce the prediction error in the second eye. However, prospective studies should be initiated to demonstrate an improved accuracy for the second eye’s intraocular lens power calculation by partial adjustment. Keywords: cataract surgery, biometry, IOL power calculation, refractive error, fellow eye

Anke Weber, Andreas Remky, Marion Bienert, Klaudia Huber-van der Velden, Thomas Kirschkamp, Corinna Rennings, Gernot Roessler, Niklas Plange Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany Background: The purpose of this study was to test the effect of ethyl alcohol on the koniocellular and magnocellular pathway of visual function and to investigate the relationship between such visual field changes and retrobulbar blood flow in healthy subjects. Methods: In 12 healthy subjects (mean age 32 ± 4 years), color Doppler imaging, short-wavelength automated perimetry, and frequency doubling perimetry was performed before and 60 minutes after oral intake of 80 mL of 40 vol% ethanol. Mean and pattern standard deviations for short-wavelength automated and frequency doubling perimetry were assessed. End diastolic velocity (EDV) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were measured in the central retinal and ophthalmic arteries using color Doppler imaging. Systemic blood pressure, heart rate, intraocular pressure, and blood alcohol concentration were determined. Results: Mean PSV and EDV in the central retinal artery showed a significant increase after alcohol intake (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively). Similarly, we found a significant acceleration of blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery (P = 0.02 for PSV; P = 0.04 for EDV). Mean intraocular pressure decreased by 1.0 mmHg after alcohol ingestion (P = 0.01). Retinal sensitivity in short-wavelength automated perimetry did not alter, whereas in frequency doubling perimetry, the mean deviation decreased significantly. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly. Mean blood alcohol concentration was 0.38 ± 0.16 g/L. Conclusion: Although ethanol is known to cause peripheral vasodilation, our subjects had no significant drop in systemic blood pressure. However, a significant increase of blood flow velocity was seen in the retrobulbar vessels. Regarding visual function, moderate alcohol consumption led to reduced performance in the magnocellular visual system tested by frequency doubling perimetry, but had no effect on short-wavelength automated perimetry. Keywords: visual field, retrobulbar blood flow, frequency doubling perimetry, short-wavelength automated perimetry

Anne Herr,1 Andreas Remky,2 Thalia Hirsch,1 Corinna Rennings,1 Niklas Plange1 1Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; 2Augenbelegabteilung Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brueder, Regensburg, Germany Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) determination using dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) has been considered to be independent of central corneal thickness (CCT), while Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is known to be influenced by various corneal properties. In this study, IOP was measured before and 1 day after cataract surgery using GAT and DCT to investigate the possible effects of corneal edema on IOP measurements. Methods: Thirty patients with advanced cataracts were included in a pilot study. IOP was measured using GAT and DCT before and 1 day after phacoemulsification. CCT was determined before and after surgery to quantify postsurgical corneal edema. Results: CCT increased significantly (by 89.7 ± 107.4 µm, P < 0.0001) 1 day after surgery. No significant difference was found for IOP measurements using GAT and DCT before surgery (mean IOP GAT: 17.5 ± 5.7 mmHg; mean IOP DCT: 17.9 ± 6.4 mmHg; P = 0.67) and 1 day after surgery (mean IOP GAT: 16.1 ± 6.6 mmHg; mean IOP DCT: 16.8 ± 8.3 mmHg; P = 0.69). IOP values using GAT and DCT were significantly correlated before as well as 1 day after surgery (before surgery: r = 0.82, P ≤ 0.0001; after surgery r = 0.83, P < 0.0001). Bland–Altman plots showed a high variability in the difference in IOP measurements between methods before and 1 day after surgery. Conclusion: GAT and DCT seem to be equally valuable in IOP determination in postsurgical central corneal edema, although large differences between both methods are present in individual patients. IOP evaluation in corneal edema remains a difficult clinical challenge. Keywords: Goldmann applanation tonometry, dynamic contour tonometry, corneal edema, cataract surgery, intraocular pressure