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81 results on '"Poirier J"'

1. CMP developments in MEMS foundry: Application to direct wafer bonding process

Author: Gond-Charton, P, Landry, S., Stricher, R, Poirier J, S, Ecoffey, S., Drouin, D., Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique [Sherbrooke] (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2 ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

2. Meta-analysis of individual-patient data from EVAR-1, DREAM, OVER and ACE trials comparing outcomes of endovascular or open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm over 5 years

Author: Powell, JT, Sweeting, MJ, Ulug, P, Blankensteijn, JD, Lederle, FA, Becquemin, J-P, Greenhalgh, RM, Beard, JD, Buxton, MJ, Brown, LC, Harris, PL, Rose, JDG, Russell, IT, Sculpher, MJ, Thompson, SG, Lilford, RJ, Bell, PRF, Whitaker, SC, Poole-Wilson, PA, Ruckley, CV, Campbell, WB, Dean, MRE, Ruttley, MST, Coles, EC, Halliday, A, Gibbs, SJ, Epstein, D, Hannon, RJ, Johnston, L, Bradbury, AW, Henderson, MJ, Parvin, SD, Shepherd, DFC, Mitchell, AW, Edwards, PR, Abbott, GT, Higman, DJ, Vohra, A, Ashley, S, Robottom, C, Wyatt, MG, Byrne, D, Edwards, R, Leiberman, DP, McCarter, DH, Taylor, PR, Reidy, JF, Wilkinson, AR, Ettles, DF, Clason, AE, Leen, GLS, Wilson, NV, Downes, M, Walker, SR, Lavelle, JM, Gough, MJ, McPherson, S, Scott, DJA, Kessell, DO, Naylor, R, Sayers, R, Fishwick, NG, Gould, DA, Walker, MG, Chalmers, NC, Garnham, A, Collins, MA, Gaines, PA, Ashour, MY, Uberoi, R, Braithwaite, B, Davies, JN, Travis, S, Hamilton, G, Platts, A, Shandall, A, Sullivan, BA, Sobeh, M, Matson, M, Fox, AD, Orme, R, Yusef, W, Doyle, T, Horrocks, M, Hardman, J, Blair, PHB, Ellis, PK, Morris, G, Odurny, A, Vohra, R, Duddy, M, Thompson, M, Loosemore, TML, Belli, AM, Morgan, R, Adiseshiah, M, Brookes, JAS, McCollum, CN, Ashleigh, R, Aukett, M, Baker, S, Barbe, E, Batson, N, Bell, J, Blundell, J, Boardley, D, Boyes, S, Brown, O, Bryce, J, Carmichael, M, Chance, T, Coleman, J, Cosgrove, C, Curran, G, Dennison, T, Devine, C, Dewhirst, N, Errington, B, Farrell, H, Fisher, C, Fulford, P, Gough, M, Graham, C, Hooper, R, Horne, G, Horrocks, L, Hughes, B, Hutchings, T, Ireland, M, Judge, C, Kelly, L, Kemp, J, Kite, A, Kivela, M, Lapworth, M, Lee, C, Linekar, L, Mahmood, A, March, L, Martin, J, Matharu, N, McGuigen, K, Morris-Vincent, P, Murray, S, Murtagh, A, Owen, G, Ramoutar, V, Rippin, C, Rowley, J, Sinclair, J, Spencer, S, Taylor, V, Tomlinson, C, Ward, S, Wealleans, V, West, J, White, K, Williams, J, Wilson, L, Grobbee, DE, Bak, AAA, Buth, J, Pattynama, PM, Verhoeven, ELG, van Voorthuisen, AE, Balm, R, Cuypers, PWM, Prinssen, M, van Sambeek, MRHM, Baas, AF, Hunink, MG, van Engelshoven, JM, Jacobs, MJHM, de Mol, BAJM, van Bockel, JH, Reekers, J, Tielbeek, X, Wisselink, W, Boekema, N, Heuveling, LM, Sikking, I, de Bruin, JL, Buskens, E, Tielbeek, AV, Reekers, JA, Pattynama, P, Prins, T, van der Ham, AC, van der Velden, JJIM, van Sterkenburg, SMM, ten Haken, GB, Bruijninckx, CMA, van Overhagen, H, Tutein Nolthenius, RP, Hendriksz, TR, Teijink, JAW, Odink, HF, de Smet, AAEA, Vroegindeweij, D, van Loenhout, RMM, Rutten, MJ, Hamming, JF, Lampmann, LEH, Bender, MHM, Pasmans, H, Vahl, AC, de Vries, C, Mackaay, AJC, van Dortmont, LMC, van der Vliet, AJ, Schultze Kool, LJ, Boomsma, JHB, van Dop, HR, de Mol van Otterloo, JCA, de Rooij, TPW, Smits, TM, Yilmaz, EN, van den Berg, FG, Visser, MJT, van der Linden, E, Schurink, GWH, de Haan, M, Smeets, HJ, Stabel, P, van Elst, F, Poniewierski, J, Vermassen, FEG, Freischlag, JA, Kohler, TR, Latts, E, Matsumura, J, Padberg, FT, Kyriakides, TC, Swanson, KM, Guarino, P, Peduzzi, P, Antonelli, M, Cushing, C, Davis, E, Durant, L, Joyner, S, Kossack, A, LeGwin, M, McBride, V, O'Connor, T, Poulton, J, Stratton, S, Zellner, S, Snodgrass, AJ, Thornton, J, Haakenson, CM, Stroupe, KT, Jonk, Y, Hallett, JW, Hertzer, N, Towne, J, Katz, DA, Karrison, T, Matts, JP, Marottoli, R, Kasl, S, Mehta, R, Feldman, R, Farrell, W, Allore, H, Perry, E, Niederman, J, Randall, F, Zeman, M, Beckwith, D, O'Leary, TJ, Huang, GD, Bader, M, Ketteler, ER, Kingsley, DD, Marek, JM, Massen, RJ, Matteson, BD, Pitcher, JD, Langsfeld, M, Corson, JD, Goff, JM, Kasirajan, K, Paap, C, Robertson, DC, Salam, A, Veeraswamy, R, Milner, R, Guidot, J, Lal, BK, Busuttil, SJ, Lilly, MP, Braganza, M, Ellis, K, Patterson, MA, Jordan, WD, Whitley, D, Taylor, S, Passman, M, Kerns, D, Inman, C, Poirier, J, Ebaugh, J, Raffetto, J, Chew, D, Lathi, S, Owens, C, Hickson, K, Dosluoglu, HH, Eschberger, K, Kibbe, MR, Baraniewski, HM, Endo, M, Busman, A, Meadows, W, Evans, M, Giglia, JS, El Sayed, H, Reed, AB, Ruf, M, Ross, S, Jean-Claude, JM, Pinault, G, Kang, P, White, N, Eiseman, M, Jones, R, Timaran, CH, Modrall, JG, Welborn, MB, Lopez, J, Nguyen, T, Chacko, JKY, Granke, K, Vouyouka, AG, Olgren, E, Chand, P, Allende, B, Ranella, M, Yales, C, Whitehill, TA, Krupski, WC, Nehler, MR, Johnson, SP, Jones, DN, Strecker, P, Bhola, MA, Shortell, CK, Gray, JL, Lawson, JH, McCann, R, Sebastian, MW, Kistler Tetterton, J, Blackwell, C, Prinzo, PA, Lee, N, Cerveira, JJ, Zickler, RW, Hauck, KA, Berceli, SA, Lee, WA, Ozaki, CK, Nelson, PR, Irwin, AS, Baum, R, Aulivola, B, Rodriguez, H, Littooy, FN, Greisler, H, O'Sullivan, MT, Kougias, P, Lin, PH, Bush, RL, Guinn, G, Bechara, C, Cagiannos, C, Pisimisis, G, Barshes, N, Pillack, S, Guillory, B, Cikrit, D, Lalka, SG, Lemmon, G, Nachreiner, R, Rusomaroff, M, O'Brien, E, Cullen, JJ, Hoballah, J, Sharp, WJ, McCandless, JL, Beach, V, Minion, D, Schwarcz, TH, Kimbrough, J, Ashe, L, Rockich, A, Warner-Carpenter, J, Moursi, M, Eidt, JF, Brock, S, Bianchi, C, Bishop, V, Gordon, IL, Fujitani, R, Kubaska, SM, Behdad, M, Azadegan, R, Ma Agas, C, Zalecki, K, Hoch, JR, Carr, SC, Acher, C, Schwarze, M, Tefera, G, Mell, M, Dunlap, B, Rieder, J, Stuart, JM, Weiman, DS, Abul-Khoudoud, O, Garrett, HE, Walsh, SM, Wilson, KL, Seabrook, GR, Cambria, RA, Brown, KR, Lewis, BD, Framberg, S, Kallio, C, Barke, RA, Santilli, SM, d'Audiffret, AC, Oberle, N, Proebstle, C, Johnson, LL, Jacobowitz, GR, Cayne, N, Rockman, C, Adelman, M, Gagne, P, Nalbandian, M, Caropolo, LJ, Pipinos, II, Johanning, J, Lynch, T, DeSpiegelaere, H, Purviance, G, Zhou, W, Dalman, R, Lee, JT, Safadi, B, Coogan, SM, Wren, SM, Bahmani, DD, Maples, D, Thunen, S, Golden, MA, Mitchell, ME, Fairman, R, Reinhardt, S, Wilson, MA, Tzeng, E, Muluk, S, Peterson, NM, Foster, M, Edwards, J, Moneta, GL, Landry, G, Taylor, L, Yeager, R, Cannady, E, Treiman, G, Hatton-Ward, S, Salabsky, B, Kansal, N, Owens, E, Estes, M, Forbes, BA, Sobotta, C, Rapp, JH, Reilly, LM, Perez, SL, Yan, K, Sarkar, R, Dwyer, SS, Perez, S, Chong, K, Hatsukami, TS, Glickerman, DG, Sobel, M, Burdick, TS, Pedersen, K, Cleary, P, Back, M, Bandyk, D, Johnson, B, Shames, M, Reinhard, RL, Thomas, SC, Hunter, GC, Leon, LR, Westerband, A, Guerra, RJ, Riveros, M, Mills, JL, Hughes, JD, Escalante, AM, Psalms, SB, Day, NN, Macsata, R, Sidawy, A, Weiswasser, J, Arora, S, Jasper, BJ, Dardik, A, Gahtan, V, Muhs, BE, Sumpio, BE, Gusberg, RJ, Spector, M, Pollak, J, Aruny, J, Kelly, EL, Wong, J, Vasilas, P, Joncas, C, Gelabert, HA, DeVirgillio, C, Rigberg, DA, Cole, L, Marzelle, J, Sapoval, M, Favre, J-P, Watelet, J, Lermusiaux, P, Lepage, E, Hemery, F, Dolbeau, G, Hawajry, N, Cunin, P, Harris, P, Stockx, L, Chatellier, G, Mialhe, C, Fiessinger, J-N, Pagny, L, Kobeiter, H, Boissier, C, Lacroix, P, Ledru, F, Pinot, J-J, Deux, J-F, Tzvetkov, B, Duvaldestin, P, Jourdain, C, David, V, Enouf, D, Ady, N, Krimi, A, Boudjema, N, Jousset, Y, Enon, B, Blin, V, Picquet, J, L'Hoste, P, Thouveny, F, Borie, H, Kowarski, S, Pernes, J-M, Auguste, M, Desgranges, P, Allaire, E, Meaulle, P-Y, Chaix, D, Juliae, P, Fabiani, JN, Chevalier, P, Combes, M, Seguin, A, Belhomme, D, Baque, J, Pellerin, O, Favre, JP, Barral, X, Veyret, C, Peillon, C, Plissonier, D, Thomas, P, Clavier, E, Martinez, R, Bleuet, F, C, D, Verhoye, JP, Langanay, T, Heautot, JF, Koussa, M, Haulon, S, Halna, P, Destrieux, L, Lions, C, Wiloteaux, S, Beregi, JP, Bergeron, P, Patra, P, Costargent, A, Chaillou, P, D'Alicourt, A, Goueffic, Y, Cheysson, E, Parrot, A, Garance, P, Demon, A, Tyazi, A, Pillet, J-C, Lescalie, F, Tilly, G, Steinmetz, E, Favier, C, Brenot, R, Krause, D, Cercueil, JP, Vahdat, O, Sauer, M, Soula, P, Querian, A, Garcia, O, Levade, M, Colombier, D, Cardon, J-M, Joyeux, A, Borrelly, P, Dogas, G, Magnan, P-É, Branchereau, A, Bartoli, J-M, Hassen-Khodja, R, Batt, M, Planchard, P-F, Bouillanne, P-J, Haudebourg, P, Bayne, J, Gouny, P, Badra, A, Braesco, J, Nonent, M, Lucas, A, Cardon, A, Kerdiles, Y, Rolland, Y, Kassab, M, Brillu, C, Goubault, F, Tailboux, L, Darrieux, H, Briand, O, Maillard, J-C, Varty, K, Cousins, C, EVAR-1, DREAM, OVER and ACE Trialists, Surgery, ICaR - Ischemia and repair, ACS - Microcirculation, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Halliday, A, Sweeting, Michael [0000-0003-0980-8965], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and National Institute for Health Research
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Endovascular aneurysm repair, Medical and Health Sciences, law.invention, Aortic aneurysm, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, DESIGN, law, Models, 80 and over, Multicenter Studies as Topic, 030212 general & internal medicine, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, RISK, Aged, 80 and over, Hazard ratio, Endovascular Procedures, DREAM, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, Statistical, Middle Aged, Corrigenda, Abdominal aortic aneurysm, Aortic Aneurysm, Treatment Outcome, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, Elective Surgical Procedures, Female, Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, and over, 03 medical and health sciences, Aneurysm, medicine, Journal Article, MANAGEMENT, Humans, Comparative Study, Abdominal, OVER and ACE Trialists, Aged, Models, Statistical, business.industry, MORTALITY, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Surgery, Vascular Grafting, business, Abdominal surgery, Meta-Analysis, EVAR-1, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Abstract: Background The erosion of the early mortality advantage of elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) compared with open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm remains without a satisfactory explanation. Methods An individual-patient data meta-analysis of four multicentre randomized trials of EVARversus open repair was conducted to a prespecified analysis plan, reporting on mortality, aneurysm-related mortality and reintervention. Results The analysis included 2783 patients, with 14 245 person-years of follow-up (median 5·5 years). Early (0–6 months after randomization) mortality was lower in the EVAR groups (46 of 1393 versus 73 of 1390 deaths; pooled hazard ratio 0·61, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 0·89; P = 0·010), primarily because 30-day operative mortality was lower in the EVAR groups (16 deaths versus 40 for open repair; pooled odds ratio 0·40, 95 per cent c.i. 0·22 to 0·74). Later (within 3 years) the survival curves converged, remaining converged to 8 years. Beyond 3 years, aneurysm-related mortality was significantly higher in the EVAR groups (19 deaths versus 3 for open repair; pooled hazard ratio 5·16, 1·49 to 17·89; P = 0·010). Patients with moderate renal dysfunction or previous coronary artery disease had no early survival advantage under EVAR. Those with peripheral artery disease had lower mortality under open repair (39 deaths versus 62 for EVAR; P = 0·022) in the period from 6 months to 4 years after randomization. Conclusion The early survival advantage in the EVAR group, and its subsequent erosion, were confirmed. Over 5 years, patients of marginal fitness had no early survival advantage from EVAR compared with open repair. Aneurysm-related mortality and patients with low ankle : brachial pressure index contributed to the erosion of the early survival advantage for the EVAR group. Trial registration numbers: EVAR-1, ISRCTN55703451; DREAM (Dutch Randomized Endovascular Aneurysm Management), NCT00421330; ACE (Anévrysme de l'aorte abdominale, Chirurgie versus Endoprothèse), NCT00224718; OVER (Open Versus Endovascular Repair Trial for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms), NCT00094575.
Published: 2017

3. A new prognostic clinicopathological classification of pituitary adenomas: a multicentric case–control study of 410 patients with 8 years post-operative follow-up

Author: Trouillas, Jacqueline, Roy, Pascal, Sturm, Nathalie, Dantony, Emmanuelle, Cortet-Rudelli, Christine, Viennet, Gabriel, Bonneville, Jean-François, Assaker, Richard, Auger, Carole, Brue, Thierry, Cornelius, Aurélie, Dufour, Henry, Jouanneau, Emmanuel, François, Patrick, Galland, Françoise, Mougel, François, Chapuis, François, Villeneuve, Laurent, Maurage, Claude-Alain, Figarella-Branger, Dominique, Raverot, Gérald, Barlier, Anne, Bernier, M., Bonnet, Fabrice, Borson-Chazot, F., Brassier, Gilles, Caulet-Maugendre, S., Chabre, O., Chanson, P., Cottier, J. F., Delemer, B., Delgrange, E., Di Tommaso, L., Eimer, S., Gaillard, Sophie, Jan, M., Girard, J. J., Lapras, V., Loiseau, H., Passagia, J. G., Patey, M., Penfornis, A., Poirier, J. Y., Perrin, G., Tabarin, A., Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biostatistiques santé, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Estrogènes, Expression génique et pathologies du Système Nerveux Central - UFC (E2SNC / ESTROGENES), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), IFR des neurosciences de Lyon (IFNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron]-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'endocrinologie diabétologie et nutrition [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Anne-de-Bretagne, Service de Diabétologie - Endocrinologie [CHRU Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Unité de Méthodologie en Recherche Clinique, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherches en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie (CRO2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (Rennes), Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de neurochirurgie [Rennes] = Neurosurgery [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Biostatistiques [Lyon], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Anne-de-Bretagne, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Adolescent, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Disease, Sensitivity and Specificity, Gastroenterology, Disease-Free Survival, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Pituitary adenoma, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Endocrine system, Pituitary Neoplasms, Longitudinal Studies, Young adult, Atypical Adenoma, Aged, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, Pituitary tumour, business.industry, Age Factors, Case-control study, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Magnetic resonance imaging, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Classification, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Case-Control Studies, Pituitary Gland, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Pituitary adenomas are currently classified by histological, immunocytochemical and numerous ultrastructural characteristics lacking unequivocal prognostic correlations. We investigated the prognostic value of a new clinicopathological classification with grades based on invasion and proliferation. This retrospective multicentric case-control study comprised 410 patients who had surgery for a pituitary tumour with long-term follow-up. Using pituitary magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of cavernous or sphenoid sinus invasion, immunocytochemistry, markers of the cell cycle (Ki-67, mitoses) and p53, tumours were classified according to size (micro, macro and giant), type (PRL, GH, FSH/LH, ACTH and TSH) and grade (grade 1a: non-invasive, 1b: non-invasive and proliferative, 2a: invasive, 2b: invasive and proliferative, and 3: metastatic). The association between patient status at 8-year follow-up and age, sex, and classification was evaluated by two multivariate analyses assessing disease- or recurrence/progression-free status. At 8 years after surgery, 195 patients were disease-free (controls) and 215 patients were not (cases). In 125 of the cases the tumours had recurred or progressed. Analyses of disease-free and recurrence/progression-free status revealed the significant prognostic value (p
Published: 2013

4. Biomass Ash Fluidized-Bed Agglomeration: Hydrodynamic Investigations

Author: Balland, M., Froment, K., Ratel, G., Valin, S., Roussely, J., Michel, R., Poirier, J., Kara, Y., and Galnares, A.
Subjects: Biomass
Abstract: Agglomeration and defluidisation (A/D) processes in fluidised-bed reactors (FBR) are a real difficulty encountered when gasifying feedstock with high ash content. According to the elemental ash composition, a liquid phase may form at the operating temperature and glue the bed particles together, thus starting disturbing the hydrodynamic of the bed, as well as the conversion efficiency. Finally, it leads to the complete defluidisation of the reactor. This work aims to investigate the influence of agglomeration on the hydrodynamic behaviour of a FBR. The identification of the main parameters involved in A/D and the study of their influence on these processes are carried out inside both a laboratory fluidised-bed operating at high temperature (700-1000°C) and a cold-flow fluidised-bed at ambient temperature. The effect of the in-bed liquid fraction, the liquid properties and the operating parameters are investigated in relation to the agglomeration process and the hydrodynamic behaviour. Based on these results, a simplified modelling approach is given in order to predict the operating time before the complete defluidisation of the reactor., Proceedings of the 24th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 6-9 June 2016, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 524-532
Published: 2016
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5. Raman Scattering methods in extreme conditions

Author: Simon, P., Canizares, A., Fotso Gueutue, E. S., Ammar, M. R., Guimbretiere, G., Duraipandian, S., Raimboux, N., Duval, F., Omnee, R., Barthe, M. F., Michel, R., Bost, N., Poirier, J., Maggy Colas, Mohun, R., Desgranges, L., Magnin, M., Peuget, S., Jégou, C., Nicolas Clavier, Dacheux, N., Galy, N., Toulhoat, N., Moncoffre, N., Labbaye, T., Eva Kovacevic, Boulmer-Leborgne, C., Bergonzi, I., Mercury, L., Ki. Shmulovich, DERORY, BEATRICE, Axe 3 : organisation structurale multiéchelle des matériaux (SPCTS-AXE3), Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Published: 2016

6. Role of the gravitomagnetic field in accelerating accretion disk matter to polar jets

Author: Poirier, J. and Mathews, G. J.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: We show that the motion of the neutral masses in an accretion disk orbiting a black hole creates a general-relativistic magnetic-like (gravitomagnetic) field that vertically accelerates neutral particles near the accretion disk upward and then inward toward the axis of the accretion disk. Even though this gravitomagnetic field alone does not achieve collimated jets, it is a novel means to identify one general relativistic effect from a much more complicated problem. In addition, as the accelerated material above or below the accretion disk nears the axis with a nearly vertical direction, a frame-dragging effect twists the trajectories around the axis thus contributing to the formation of collimated bipolar jets., 7 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected
Published: 2015

7. Gasification for power, CHP and polygeneration Biomass Gasification for Combined Heat Power (CHP) Applications: the GAMECO Project

Author: Authier, O, Khalfi, Az-Eddine, Sanchez, L, Aleman, Y, Delebarre, A, Mauviel, G, Dufour, A, Rogaume, Y, Poirier, J, Kerhoas, J, Mécanique des Fluides, Energies et Environnement (EDF R&D MFEE), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), EQTEC, Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GREENER, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Université de Lorraine (UL), Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NOVABIOM, and Wild, Gabriel
Subjects: [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering
Abstract: International audience; Air-blown fluidised bed biomass gasification is a well adapted technology for Combined Heat Power (CHP) applications with syngas valorisation in a gas engine. However, it is not mature yet. Despite promising prototypes, CHP gasification needs further improvements to become the reference technology in the medium-size CHP market. This is the purpose of the GAMECO project, which aims at improving an existing technology by optimising its operation, increasing its feedstock flexibility and optimising its upscaling, based on a better understanding of the key points of biomass Bubbling Fluidized Bed (BFB) gasification (i.e. bed agglomeration risks with agricultural biomasses, tar kinetics and biomass particles hydrodynamics).
Published: 2014

8. Figures and institutions of the neurological sciences in Paris from 1800 to 1950. Part III: Neurology

Author: Broussolle, E, Poirier, J, Clarac, F, Barbara, J-G, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Psychiatry, History, Paris, Physiology, psychologie, neurosciences, physiologie, neurologie, anatomie, [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, Neurology, psychiatrie, Psychology Mots-clés : histoire, Anatomy
Abstract: International audience; We present a short historical review of the major figures, their administrative functions and their works that contributed to make Paris a renowned centre of physiology and neurology during the XIXth and the first half of the XXth century. We purposely chose to focus on the period 1800-1950, as 1800 corresponds to the actual beginning of neurosciences, and 1950 marks their exponential rise. Our presentation is divided into four chapters, matching the main disciplines which have progressed and contributed the most to the knowledge we have of the brain sciences: anatomy, physiology, neurology, and psychiatry-psychology. The present article is the third of four parts of this review, and deals with neurology. A special credit should be given to Jean-Martin Charcot who founded the Salpêtriè re School of neurology and became one of the world's most important neurologists of the XIXth century. We provide below the biographical sketches of Armand Trousseau,; Nous présentons une revue générale historique brève sur les principales personnalités, leurs activités administratives et leurs travaux qui ont contribué à faire de Paris un centre renommé de physiologie et de neurologie au cours du XIX e siècle et de la première partie du XXe siècle. La raison du choix de cette période allant de 1800 à 1950 s’explique par le fait que 1800 marque les débuts des neurosciences et 1950 leur développement exponentiel. Notre présentation est divisée en quatre chapitres, correspondant aux principales disci- plines ayant progressé et contribué le plus aux connaissances que nous avons sur les sciences du cerveau : anatomie, physiologie, neurologie, et psychiatrie-psychologie. Le présent article est la troisième des quatre parties de cette revue générale, qui porte sur le chapitre de la neurologie. Une mention particulière doit eˆtre faite à Jean-Martin Charcot qui fut le fondateur de l’école de neurologie de la Salpeˆtrière et fut l’un des plus célèbres neurologues au monde du XIXe siècle. Nous présentons ci-après les biographies résumées de Armand Trousseau, Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne, Jean-Martin Charcot, Alfred Vulpian, Désiré-Magloire Bourneville, Paul Richer, Henri Parinaud, Albert Pitres, Jules Joseph Dejerine, Mrs. Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke, Édouard Brissaud, Pierre Marie, Georges Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette, Joseph Babinski, André Thomas, Georges Marinesco, Achille Alexandre Souques, Georges Guillain, et Charles Foix.
Published: 2012

9. Corrosion des céramiques

Author: Poirier, J., Lefort, Pierre, Valette, Stéphane, Axe 2 : procédés de traitements de surface, Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Bathias, Pamela
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Published: 2011

10. Biomass Gasification for Combined Heat Power (CHP) Applications: the GAMECO Project

Author: Authier, O., Khalfi, A.E., Kahloul, S., Valle-Marcos, J.C., Dieckhoff, L., Sanchez, L., Aleman, Y., Delebarre, A., Mauviel, G., Dufour, A., Nowakowska, M., Herbinet, O., Glaude, P.A., Rogaume, Y., Girods, P., Poirier, J., Michel, R., Kerhoas, J., and Wathy, C.
Subjects: Biomass
Abstract: Air-blown fluidized bed biomass gasification is well adapted for Combined Heat Power (CHP) applications based on a gas engine. However, this technology is not yet mature. Despite promising prototypes, CHP gasification needs further improvements to become the reference technology in the medium-size CHP market (1-10 MWe). This is the purpose of the GAMECO project (2011-2014) which aims at improving an existing technology by optimising its operation, increasing its feedstock flexibility and optimising its upscaling. Lab tests (< 1kg/h), pilot tests (50 kg/h) and modeling will be assessed to achieve a better understanding of the key points of Bubbling Fluidized Bed (BFB). Several feedstocks will be tested for this purpose., Proceedings of the 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 6-10 June 2011, Berlin, Germany, pp. 1367-1369
Published: 2011
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11. Identification du module d'Young de matériaux réfractaires à base SiC

Author: Emmanuel de Bilbao, Eric Blond, Christine Michel, CUTARD Thierry, Schmitt, N., Poirier, J., Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), F2ME, Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, Mécanique et Energétique (PRISME), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie (LMT), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Blond, Eric, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Réfractaires, [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.MEMA] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Comportement thermomécanique, Essai de flexion, [SPI.MECA.MEMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: National audience; Cette étude porte sur l'identification du module d'Young de matériaux réfractaires. Paramètre indispensable au modèle thermomécanique choisi, le module d'Young est identifié directement à partir d'un essai de flexion. De façon inhabituelle, il est proposé ici de déterminer le module à partir de la décharge pour éliminer certains effets perturbateurs issus du comportement non linéaire du matériau combinés avec ceux provenant des déformations de contact entre l'appareillage et l'éprouvette. Après avoir validé l'approche sur une éprouvette en aluminium, la détermination du module d'Young proposée est réalisée sur un réfractaire utilisé dans les fours hautes températures.
Published: 2010

12. A new method to determine Young's modulus of refractory

Author: De Bilbao, Emmanuel, Blond, Eric, Michel, Claire, Cutard, Thierry, Schmitt, N., Poirier, J., Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), F2ME, Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, Mécanique et Energétique (PRISME), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Bourges (ENSI Bourges)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Technologie (LMT), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-06-MAPR-0008,DRUIDE,Durabilité des Réfractaires utilisés dans l'Incinération des Déchets(2006)
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Refractory, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Bending test, Modulus of Elasticity (MOE)
Abstract: International audience; This paper proposes a new method to determine the Young modulus from high temperature bending test. Considering that the global behaviour of experimental device and sample is purely elastic during the unload phase and exploiting that the effects of the indentation under the contact are lower at the beginning of the unloading, it is proposed to deduce the Young's modulus from the slope of the unloading curve. Young modulus obtained with this method for different SiC based refractories are in good agreement with results of others tests such as tensile test or ultrasonic measurement.
Published: 2010

13. A new locus for pure Spinocerebellar Ataxia associated with Erythrokeratodermia maps to chromosome 6p12.3-q16.1

Author: Turcotte Gauthier, M., Nguyen, D. K., Meloche, C., Poirier, J., Girard, S. L., Forlani, S., DI GREGORIO, Eleonora, Borroni, B., De Michele, G., Filla, A., Verbeek, D., Van de Warrenburg, B. P. C., Drouin, C. A., Durr, A., Brice, A., Stevanin, G., Brusco, Alfredo, and Cossette1, P.
Subjects: ITPR1, SCA15, ataxia
Published: 2009

14. A new locus for pure Spinocerebellar Ataxia associated with Erythrokeratodermia maps to chromosome 6p12.3-16.1

Author: Turcotte Gauthier, M, Nguyen, Dk, Meloche, C, Poirier, J, Girard, Sl, Forlani, S, DI GREGORIO, Eleonora, Borroni, B, De Michele, G, Filla, A, Verbeek, D, Van de Warrenburg BPC, Drouin, Ca, Durr, A, Brice, A, Stevanin, G, Brusco, Alfredo, and Cossette, P.
Subjects: Ataxia, SCA
Published: 2009

15. Status report on project GRAND

Author: Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., Fidler, E., Gress, J., Herrera, M., Hemphill, P., and Swartzendruber, C.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: GRAND is an array of position sensitive proportional wire chambers (PWCs) located at 86.2 degrees W, 41.7 degrees N at an elevation of 220 m adjacent to the campus of the University of Notre Dame with 82 square meters of total muon detector area. The geometry of the PWCs allows the angles of the charged secondary muon tracks to be measured to +/- 0.3 deg in each of two orthogonal planes. Muons are 99% differentiated from electrons by means of a 51 mm steel plate in each detector., 4 pages. For 2007 ICRC in Merida, Mexico
Published: 2008

16. Antitumour activity of ANG1005, a conjugate between paclitaxel and the new brain delivery vector Angiopep-2

Author: Régina, A, Demeule, M, Ché, C, Lavallée, I, Poirier, J, Gabathuler, R, Béliveau, R, and Castaigne, J-P
Subjects: Male, Drug Carriers, Paclitaxel, Brain Neoplasms, Mice, Nude, Research Papers, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Drug Delivery Systems, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Humans, Female, Peptides, Neoplasm Transplantation
Abstract: Paclitaxel is highly efficacious in the treatment of breast, head and neck, non-small cell lung cancers and ovarian carcinoma. For malignant gliomas, paclitaxel is prevented from reaching its target by the presence of the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) at the blood-brain barrier. We investigated the utilization of a new drug delivery system to increase brain delivery of paclitaxel.Paclitaxel molecules were conjugated to a brain peptide vector, Angiopep-2, to provide a paclitaxel-Angiopep-2 conjugate named ANG1005. We determined the brain uptake capacity, intracellular effects and antitumour properties of ANG1005 in vitro against human tumour cell lines and in vivo in human xenografts. We then determined ANG1005 activity on brain tumours with intracerebral human tumour models in nude mice.We show by in situ brain perfusion that ANG1005 enters the brain to a greater extent than paclitaxel and bypasses the P-gp. ANG1005 has an antineoplastic potency similar to that of paclitaxel against human cancer cell lines. We also demonstrate that ANG1005 caused a more potent inhibition of human tumour xenografts than paclitaxel. Finally, ANG1005 administration led to a significant increase in the survival of mice with intracerebral implantation of U87 MG glioblastoma cells or NCI-H460 lung carcinoma cells.These results demonstrate the antitumour potential of a new drug, ANG1005, and establish that conjugation of anticancer agents with the Angiopep-2 peptide vector could increase their efficacy in the treatment of brain cancer.
Published: 2008

17. A study of the Forbush decrease event of September 11, 2005 with GRAND

Author: Poirier, J., Herrera, M., Hemphill, P., and D'Andrea, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Space Physics, genetic structures, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Astrophysics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract: Project GRAND, a proportional wire chamber array, is used to examine the decreased counting rate of ground level muons during the Forbush decrease event of September 11, 2005. Data are presented and compared to that of other cosmic ray monitors. A directional study of the Forbush decrease was undertaken and precursor anisotropies to this geomagnetic storm were studied utilizing GRAND's angular resolution., Comment: 4 pages. For 2007 ICRC in Merida, Mexico
Published: 2008
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18. Raw materials dossier

Author: Bernache-Assollant, Didier, Bonnet, Jean-Pierre, Carry, C., Chaput., C., Chartier, Thierry, Chermant, J.-L., Durand, B., Garrault, S., Herlin, N., Lamerant, J.-M., Leconte, Y., Le Gallet, S., Leriche, Anne, Niepce, J.-C., Poirier, J., Rebillat, F., Valdivieso, F., and Stagiaire, Sms
Subjects: [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Published: 2007

19. The materials saga: sintering

Author: Bernache-Assollant , Didier, Bonnet , Jean-Pierre, Carry , C., Chaput. , C., Chartier , Thierry, Chermant , J.-L., Durand , B., Garrault , S., Herlin , N., Lamerant , J.-M., Leconte , Y., Le Gallet , S., Leriche , A., Niepce , J.-C., Poirier , J., Rebillat , F., Valdivieso , F., Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface ( SPCTS ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle ( ENSCI ) -Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux ( IPAM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut de Chimie du CNRS ( INC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne ( Mines Saint-Étienne MSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Centre Ingénierie et Santé ( CIS-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Groupe d'Etudes des Matériaux Hétérogènes ( GEMH ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux ( IPAM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Axe 1 : procédés céramiques, Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut de Chimie du CNRS ( INC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle ( ENSCI ) -Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux ( IPAM ), Laboratoire Francis PERRIN ( LFP - URA 2453 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules ( SPAM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire des Matériaux Avancés Céramiques, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis ( UVHC ), Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réactivité des Solides ( LRRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés ( LMSP ), Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Composites Thermostructuraux ( LCTS ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Snecma-SAFRAN group-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), LPMG - Equipe PROCESS, Département Procédés et évolution des systèmes avec solides ( ProcESS-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-SPIN, Laboratoire des Procédés en Milieux Granulaires ( LPMG-EMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Science des Matériaux et des Structures ( SMS-ENSMSE ), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration ( MPE-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-SMS, Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Ingénierie et Santé (CIS-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Groupe d'Etudes des Matériaux Hétérogènes (GEMH), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Laboratoire Francis PERRIN (LFP - URA 2453), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules (SPAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire des Matériaux Céramiques et Procédés Associés - EA 2443 (LMCPA), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réactivité des Solides (LRRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Composites Thermostructuraux (LCTS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Snecma-SAFRAN group-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Procédés et évolution des systèmes avec solides (ProcESS-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SPIN, Laboratoire des Procédés en Milieux Granulaires (LPMG-EMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Science des Matériaux et des Structures (SMS-ENSMSE), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration (MPE-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SMS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Snecma-SAFRAN group-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)
Subjects: [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience; In ICV no 1010, we inaugurated our materials saga with the classification and shaping of ceramics. This second and short chapter deals with sintering and its different forms: non reactive or reactive sintering, natural or pressure sintering as well as two essential parameters: density and porosity.
Published: 2007

20. Dossier matières premières

Author: Bernache-Assollant, Didier, Bonnet, Jean-Pierre, Carry, C., Chaput., C., Chartier, Thierry, Chermant, J.-L., Durand, B., Garrault, S., Herlin, N., Lamerant, J.-M., Leconte, Y., Le Gallet, S., Leriche, Anne, Niepce, J.-C., Poirier, J., Rebillat, F., Valdivieso, F., Stagiaire, Sms, Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Ingénierie et Santé (CIS-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire d'Etudes Aérodynamiques (LEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-ENSMA-Université de Poitiers, Groupe d'Etudes des Matériaux Hétérogènes (GEMH), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), Axe 1 : procédés céramiques, Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Laboratoire Francis PERRIN (LFP - URA 2453), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Matériaux Céramiques et Procédés Associés - EA 2443 (LMCPA), Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France (INSA Hauts-De-France), Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réactivité des Solides (LRRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Composites Thermostructuraux (LCTS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Snecma-SAFRAN group-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LPMG - Equipe PROCESS, Département Procédés et évolution des systèmes avec solides (ProcESS-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SPIN, Laboratoire des Procédés en Milieux Granulaires (LPMG-EMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Science des Matériaux et des Structures (SMS-ENSMSE), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration (MPE-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SMS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Snecma-SAFRAN group-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface ( SPCTS ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle ( ENSCI ) -Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux ( IPAM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut de Chimie du CNRS ( INC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne ( Mines Saint-Étienne MSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Centre Ingénierie et Santé ( CIS-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire d'Etudes Aérodynamiques ( LEA ), Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Groupe d'Etudes des Matériaux Hétérogènes ( GEMH ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux ( IPAM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés ( SIMaP ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Institut de Chimie du CNRS ( INC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle ( ENSCI ) -Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux ( IPAM ), Laboratoire Francis PERRIN ( LFP - URA 2453 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Matériaux Avancés Céramiques, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis ( UVHC ), Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réactivité des Solides ( LRRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés ( LMSP ), Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Composites Thermostructuraux ( LCTS ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Snecma-SAFRAN group-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Procédés et évolution des systèmes avec solides ( ProcESS-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-SPIN, Laboratoire des Procédés en Milieux Granulaires ( LPMG-EMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Science des Matériaux et des Structures ( SMS-ENSMSE ), Département Mécanique et Procédés d'Elaboration ( MPE-ENSMSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-SMS, Université de Poitiers-ENSMA-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)
Subjects: [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2007

21. Forbush Decrease Data with a Simple Model

Author: D'Andrea, C., Poirier, J., and Balsara, D. S.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: On October 28, 2003 an earthward-directed coronal mass ejection (CME) was observed from SOHO/LASCO imagery in conjunction with an X17 solar flare. The CME, traveling at nearly 2000 km/s, impacted the Earth on October 29, 2003 causing ground-based particle detectors to register a counting rate drop known as a Forbush decrease. In addition to affecting the rate of cosmic rays, the CME was also responsible for causing anisotropies in the direction of incidence. Data from Project GRAND, an array of proportional wire chambers, are presented during the time of this Forbush decrease. A simple model for CME propagation is proposed and we present an argument based on gyroradius that shows that a magnetic field of the radius calculated for the ejecta is sufficient to deflect energetic charged particles of an energy detectable by GRAND.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. The absence of ABCA1 decreases soluble ApoE levels but does not diminish amyloid deposition in two murine models of Alzheimer disease

Author: HIRSCH‐REINSHAGEN, V., MAIA, L.F., BURGESS, B.L., BLAIN, J.F., NAUS, K.E., MCISAAC, S.A., PARKINSON, P.F., CHAN, J.Y., TANSLEY, G.H., HAYDEN, M.R., POIRIER, J., VAN NOSTRAND, W., and WELLINGTON, C.L.
Subjects: mental disorders, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Abstract: J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 30;280(52):43243-56. Epub 2005 Oct 5. The absence of ABCA1 decreases soluble ApoE levels but does not diminish amyloid deposition in two murine models of Alzheimer disease. Hirsch-Reinshagen V, Maia LF, Burgess BL, Blain JF, Naus KE, McIsaac SA, Parkinson PF, Chan JY, Tansley GH, Hayden MR, Poirier J, Van Nostrand W, Wellington CL. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V4Z 5H5, Canada. Abstract ABCA1, a cholesterol transporter expressed in the brain, has been shown recently to be required to maintain normal apoE levels and lipidation in the central nervous system. In addition, ABCA1 has been reported to modulate beta-amyloid (Abeta) production in vitro. These observations raise the possibility that ABCA1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Here we report that the deficiency of ABCA1 does not affect soluble or guanidine-extractable Abeta levels in Tg-SwDI/B or amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice, but rather is associated with a dramatic reduction in soluble apoE levels in brain. Although this reduction in apoE was expected to reduce the amyloid burden in vivo, we observed that the parenchymal and vascular amyloid load was increased in Tg-SwDI/B animals and was not diminished in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, we observed an increase in the proportion of apoE retained in the insoluble fraction, particularly in the APP/PS1 model. These data suggested that ABCA1-mediated effects on apoE levels and lipidation influenced amyloidogenesis in vivo. PMID: 16207707 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Published: 2005

23. Analyse de structures réfractaires composées de briques et de joints

Author: Terny-Rebeyrotte, K., Gasser, Alain, Boisse, Philippe, Poirier, J., Blumenfeld, P., Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Published: 2005

24. A multi-scale approach for refractory structure modelling

Author: Gasser, Alain, Terny-Rebeyrotte, K., Boisse, P., Poirier, J., Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other
Published: 2005

25. Analyse de structures réfractaires composées de briques et de joints

Author: Terny-Rebeyrotte, K., Gasser, Alain, Boisse, P., Poirier, J., Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other
Abstract: ISBN n°2-9505-1176-7
Published: 2005

26. Simulation et analyses expérimentale du comportementdes structures réfractorisées avec prise en compte des joints

Author: Gasser, Alain, Terny-Rebeyrotte, K., Boisse, P., Poirier, J., Blumenfeld, P., Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other
Published: 2004

27. A Study of the Ground Level Event of April 15, 2001 with GRAND

Author: D'Andrea, C. and Poirier, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND, a proportional wire chamber array, is used to examine the increased counting rate of single muons during the solar Ground Level Event (GLE) of April 15, 2001. Data are presented and compared to our background rates and to that of neutron monitor stations. This GLE is seen with a statistical significance of 6.1 sigma., To be presented at the XXVIII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Tsukuba, Japan
Published: 2003

28. Search for Sub-TeV Gamma Rays Coincident with BATSE Gamma Ray Bursts

Author: Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., Gress, J., and Race, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND is a 100m x 100m air shower array of proportional wire chambers (PWCs). There are 64 stations each with eight 1.29 m^2 PWC planes arranged in four orthogonal pairs placed vertically above one another to geometrically measure the angles of charged secondaries. A steel plate above the bottom pair of PWCs differentiates muons (which pass undeflected through the steel) from non-penetrating particles. FLUKA Monte Carlo studies show that a TeV gamma ray striking the atmosphere at normal incidence produces 0.23 muons which reach ground level where their angles and identities are measured. Thus, paradoxically, secondary muons are used as a signature for gamma ray primaries. The data are examined for possible angular and time coincidences with eight gamma ray bursts (GRBs) detected by BATSE. Seven of the GRBs were selected because of their good acceptance by GRAND and high BATSE Fluence. The eighth GRB was added due to its possible coincident detection by Milagrito. For each of the eight candidate GRBs, the number of excess counts during the BATSE T90 time interval and within plus or minus five degrees of BATSE's direction was obtained. The highest statistical significance reported in this paper (2.7 sigma) is for the event that was predicted to be the most likely to be observed (GRB 971110)., Comment: To be presented at the XXVIII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Tsukuba, Japan
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. A Proportional Wire Chamber Array: GRAND's Status

Author: Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., del Puerto, M. Lopez, Strahler, E., and Vermedahl, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND is a 100m x 100m air shower array of position sensitive proportional wire chambers (PWCs) located at 41.7 degrees North and 86.2 degrees West at an elevation of 220m above sea level. Its convenient location adjacent to the campus of the University of Notre Dame makes it a good training ground for students. There are 64 stations each with eight 1.29 m^2 PWCs. The geometry of the stations allows for the angles of charged secondaries to be determined to within 0.26 degrees in each of two orthogonal planes; muons are differentiated from electrons and hadrons by means of a steel plate. Two triggers are run simultaneously: a multiple hit coincidence trigger, rich in extensive air showers, and a single track trigger, rich in secondary muon tracks. The former trigger is sensitive to primary energies greater than ~100 TeV, the latter to energies greater than ~10 GeV., Comment: To be presented at the XXVIII International Cosmic Ray Conference, Tsukuba, Japan
Published: 2003
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30. Thermomechanical constitutive law for dissymmetric viscous behaviour of refractory materials at high temperatures

Author: Blond, Eric, Schmitt, N., Hild, F., Blumenfeld, P., Poirier, J., Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Zidekhile, Farida
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, [SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other
Published: 2003

31. Trinucleotide repeats in 202 families with ataxia: a small expanded (CAG)n allele at the SCA17 locus

Author: Silveira, I, Miranda, C, Guimarães, L, Moreira, MC, Alonso, I, Mendonça, P, Ferro, A, Pinto-Basto, J, Coelho, J, Ferreirinha, F, Poirier, J, and Parreira, E, et al.
Subjects: congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Portugal, Brasil, Spinocerebellar Ataxias
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ten neurodegenerative disorders characterized by spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) are known to be caused by trinucleotide repeat (TNR) expansions. However, in some instances the molecular diagnosis is considered indeterminate because of the overlap between normal and affected allele ranges. In addition, the mechanism that generates expanded alleles is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical and molecular characteristics of a large group of Portuguese and Brazilian families with ataxia to improve knowledge of the molecular diagnosis of SCA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have (1) assessed repeat sizes at all known TNR loci implicated in SCA; (2) determined frequency distributions of normal alleles and expansions; and (3) looked at genotype-phenotype correlations in 202 unrelated Portuguese and Brazilian patients with SCA. Molecular analysis of TNR expansions was performed using polymerase chain reaction amplification. RESULTS: Patients from 110 unrelated families with SCA showed TNR expansions at 1 of the loci studied. Dominantly transmitted cases had (CAG)(n) expansions at the Machado-Joseph disease gene (MJD1) (63%), at SCA2 (3%), the gene for dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) (2%), SCA6 (1%), or SCA7 (1%) loci, or (CTG)(n) expansions at the SCA8 (2%) gene, whereas (GAA)(n) expansions in the Freidreich ataxia gene (FRDA) were found in 64% of families with recessive ataxia. Isolated patients also had TNR expansions at the MJD1 (6%), SCA8 (6%), or FRDA (8%) genes; in addition, an expanded allele at the TATA-binding protein gene (TBP), with 43 CAGs, was present in a patient with ataxia and mental deterioration. Associations between frequencies of SCA2 and SCA6 and a frequency of large normal alleles were found in Portuguese and Brazilian individuals, respectively. Interestingly, no association between the frequencies of DRPLA and large normal alleles was found in the Portuguese group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that (1) a significant number of isolated cases of ataxia are due to TNR expansions; (2) expanded DRPLA alleles in Portuguese families may have evolved from an ancestral haplotype; and (3) small (CAG)(n) expansions at the TBP gene may cause SCA17.
Published: 2002

32. Approche multi-échelle du comportement thermo-mécanique des structures réfractorisées

Author: Gasser, Alain, Terny-Rebeyrotte, K., Boisse, P., Poirier, J., Laboratoire de Mécanique des Systèmes et des Procédés (LMSP), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]
Published: 2002

33. A Measurement of Secondary Muon Angular Distributions

Author: Poirier, J. and D'Andrea, C.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND is an array of proportional wire chambers composed of 64 stations with each station containing eight proportional wire planes and a 50 mm steel plate. The proportional wire planes together with the steel absorber allow a measurement of the angle and identity of single muon tracks. Of the two data-taking triggers, one is for single tracks. Since the rate of single muon tracks at sea level above the muon energy threshold of the experiment (0.1 GeV) is substantial, good statistics are available by accumulating several years of data. A map in sidereal right ascension and declination is obtained as well as one in a sun-centered coordinate system in order to study the sidereal and solar effects separately., 4 pages; 27th ICRC, p. 4103
Published: 2001

34. Status of Project GRAND's Proportional Wire Chamber Array

Author: Poirier, J., Baker, D., Barchie, J., D'Andrea, C., Dunford, M., Green, M., Gress, J., Lin, T., Race, D., Skibba, R., VanLaecke, G., and Wysocki, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND is an extensive air shower array of proportional wire chambers. It has 64 stations in a 100m x 100m area; each station has eight planes of proportional wire chambers with a 50 mm steel absorber plate above the bottom two planes. This arrangement of planes, each 1.25 square meters of area, allow an angular measurement for each track to 0.25 degrees in each of two projections. The steel absorber plate allows a measurement of the identity of each muon track to 96% accuracy. Two data-taking triggers allow data to be simultaneously taken for a) extensive air showers (multiple coincidence station hits) at about 1 Hz and b) single muons (single tracks of identified muons) at 2000 Hz. Eight on-line computers pre-analyze the single track data and store the results on magnetic tape in compacted form with a minimum of computer dead-time. One additional computer reads data from the shower triggers and records this raw data on a separate magnetic tape with no pre-analysis., 4 pages; 27th ICRC, p. 607
Published: 2001

35. A Project GRAND Study of the GLE of July 14, 2000

Author: Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., and Dunford, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: The Ground-Level Event (GLE) associated with the X5.7 solar flare of July 14, 2000 is studied by the Project GRAND proportional wire chamber array. Results are compared to those obtained by the Climax Neutron Monitor experiment which detects secondary neutrons. The Climax monitor, located in Climax, Colorado, is operated by the University of Chicago. The time of the GLE signal of the Climax station is examined for a possible coincident signal in the data of Project GRAND. Project GRAND is an array of 64 proportional wire chamber stations. The stations are sensitive to secondary muons with energies greater than 0.1 GeV. The mean energy of primaries which produce these ground level muons depends on the spectral index of the primary spectrum. For a differential spectral index of 2.4, the most probable primary energy is 10 GeV falling rapidly below this energy and falling slowly above this energy., 3 pages; 27th ICRC, p. 3557 (no significant observation)
Published: 2001

36. Secondary Muon Asymmetries at Sea Levell with Low Systematics

Author: Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., and Dunford, M.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND has the capability of measuring the angle and identity of single tracks of secondary muons at ground level. The array is comprised of 64 stations each containing eight proportional wire planes with a 50 mm steel absorber plate placed above the bottom two planes in each station. The added steel absorber plate allows muon tracks to be separated from the less massive electrons. Over 100 billion identified muon angles have been measured. With the high statistics available, it is possible to obtain muon angular asymmetries with low systematics by subtracting west from east (and separately, south from north) angles; the subtraction eliminates most of the systematic errors while still retaining adequately small statistical errors on the differences. A preliminary analysis is performed as a function of solar time to obtain the effects on the muon rate due to effects of the sun., Comment: 7 pages; 27th ICRC, p. 4410
Published: 2001
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37. The Functions of Intergovernmental Agreements: Post-Devolution Concordats from a Comparative Perspective

Author: Poirier, J., Griffith, J.a.g., and Political Science
Published: 2001

38. A Search for Point Sources of Cosmic Primary Rays Which Produce Single Muon Tracks at Ground Level

Author: Roesch, A., Carpenter, J., Desch, S., Gress, J., Lin, T. F., and Poirier, J.
Subjects: genetic structures, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: An increased data sample of identified secondary muons is collected at detection level. Project GRAND identifies secondary cosmic ray muons from electrons utilizing a thin steel absorber and tracking (PWC) chambers. The resulting angular resolution for the primary is about +/- 5 degrees. Since there is a 1.5% probability that a 100 GeV gamma primary will produce a single muon track at ground level, the high statistics allows a search for angular enhancements due to gammas. More than 100 billion muons are identified and analyzed. A table of stellar sources is examined., 4 pgs; includes 1 fig. and 2 tables. HE.3.2.10 in 26th ICRC, 2, 104, (1999)
Published: 2000

39. Corrections to the Predicitions for Atmospheric Neutrino Observations

Author: Poirier, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: The theoretical Monte Carlo calculations of the production of neutrinos via cosmic rays incident upon the earth's atmosphere are examined. The calculations are sensitive to the assumed ratio of pi+ / pi- production cross sections; this ratio appears to be underestimated in the theory relative to the experimentally measured ratio. Since the neutrino detection cross section is three times larger than that for the antineutrino, the theoretical predicted detection ratio (nu_mu / nu_e) is correspondingly too large., 4 pages. HE.3.2.26 in 26th ICRC, 2, 147 (1999)
Published: 2000

40. The South Atlantic Magnetic Field Anomaly and Its Effect on the Calculated Production of Atmospheric Neutrinos

Author: Poirier, J.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: The theoretical calculations of the production of neutrinos via cosmic rays incident upon the earth's atmosphere (Barr et al., 1989; Becker-Szendy et al., 1992; Bugaev & Naumov, 1989; Gaisser et al, 1988; Honda et al., 1995) are examined. These calculations use a one-dimensional approximation in the production, transport, and decay of the produced particles. Examined are various additional effects of the earth's magnetic field and the three-dimensional nature of the problem which have the effect of decreasing the calulated ratio of muon neutrinos to electron neutrinos., 4 pages. 26th ICRC, vol 2, 253 (1999)
Published: 2000

41. Can EGRET's Gamma Ray Sources > 100 MeV Be Seen with Single Secondary Cosmic Muons from Gammas > 30 GeV?

Author: Carpenter, J., Desch, S., Lin, T. F., Poirier, J., and Roesch, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics
Abstract: The high energy gamma ray sources provided by experiment EGRET on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory are examined, testing Project GRAND's ability to detect primary gamma rays by means of studying secondary muons. There is ~1.5% chance that a 100 GeV primary cosmic gamma ray will produce a muon at detection level (Fasso & Poirier, 1999), a probability which increases with increasing gamma energy. Project GRAND has 80 square meters of muon detector which identifies secondary muons >0.1 GeV and measures their angles to 0.26 deg (projected angle in the XZ and YZ planes). Data taken during the last two years are analyzed. A table of EGRET's gamma ray sources is examined (The Third EGRET Catalog of High Energy Gamma Ray Sources (EGRET webpage, 1999). EGRET's flux (>0.1 GeV), angular information, and spectral index were extrapolated to GRAND's energy region (>30 GeV). Then the geometrical acceptance was calculated for each of these events. Thus, GRAND's sensitivity to each of EGRET's sources was predicted. A product of extrapolated flux and GRAND's detection sensitivity yields an overall parameter indicating GRAND's relative sensitivity to each source, assuming an energy dependence given by EGRET's spectral index. The 14 sources with the best extrapolated detection efficiency were selected to be examined with the data., Comment: 4 pages
Published: 2000

42. Possible Detection of Gamma Ray Air Showers in Coincidence with BATSE Gamma Ray Bursts

Author: Lin, T. F., Carpenter, J., Desch, S., Gress, J., Poirier, J., and Roesch, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND presents the results of a search for coincident high-energy gamma ray events in the direction and at the time of nine Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by BATSE. A gamma ray has a non-negligible hadron production cross section; for each gamma ray of energy of 100 GeV, there are 0.015 muons which reach detection level (Fasso & Poirier, 1999). These muons are identified and their angles are measured in stations of eight planes of proportional wire chambers (PWCs). A 50 mm steel plate above the bottom pair of planes is used to distinguish muons from electrons. The mean angular resolution is 0.26 degrees over a +/- 61 degree range in the XZ and YZ planes. The BATSE GRB catalogue is examined for bursts which are near zenith for Project GRAND. The geometrical acceptance is calculated for each of these events. The product is then taken of the GRB flux and GRAND's geometrical acceptance. The nine sources with the best combination of detection efficiency and BATSE's intensity are selected to be examined in the data. The most significant detection of these nine sources is at a statistical significance of +3.7 sigma; this is also the GRB with the highest product of GRB flux and geometrical acceptance., 4 pages. Superseded by astro-ph/0004379
Published: 2000

43. Secondary Cosmic Muon Angular Distributions with High Statistics

Author: Poirier, J., Gress, J., and Lin, T. F.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND preents a map in right ascension and declination for single cosmic secondary tracks which have been identified as muons. These muons are measured in stations of proportional wire chambers (PWCs) which have a mean angular resolution of 0.26 deg. A 50 mm steel plate interspersed with the PWCs is used to distinguish muons from electrons. Two years of data are accumulated in a map of right ascension and declination which covers all of the northern hemisphere and a small portion of the southern hemisphere. The total number of muon tracks in this data sample are 40 billion. Significant large angular structure is found in this map; the deviations from average are small compared to the average, but because of the high statistics, the deviations from average are statistically significant to many standard deviations. Systematic effects in the data are minimized by averaging over this two year period. These results are similar to those obtained in previous data., 4 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2000

44. Asymmetries of Secondary Cosmic Muons with High Statistics and Low Systematics

Author: Lin, T. F., Brian Fields, Gress, J., and Poirier, J.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: Project GRAND measures the asymmetries of secondary cosmic muons by calculating the differences between the muons from the east and the muons from the west for complete solar days. A similar north-south difference is also presented. These muons are identified in single track data taken with the 64 stations of Project GRAND; the data cover a two year span with a total muon sample of 30 billion muons., 4 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2000

45. A Search for Sub-TeV Gammas in Coincidence with Gamma Ray Bursts

Author: Poirier, J., D'Andrea, C., Fragile, P. C., Gress, J., Mathews, G. J., and Race, D.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: We report on a study of sub-TeV ($E_\gamma > 10$ GeV) gamma-ray-induced muon secondaries in coincidence with BATSE gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Each TeV gamma ray striking the atmosphere produces $\approx$0.2 muons whose identity and angle can be measured by the Project GRAND array. Eight GRB candidates were studied; seven were selected based upon the optimum product of (detected BATSE fluence) $\times$ (GRAND's acceptance). One candidate was added because it was reported as a detection by the Milagrito collaboration. Seven candidates show a positive, though not statistically significant, muon excess. The most significant possible coincidence shows an excess of $466 \pm 171$ muons during the BATSE T90 time interval. It is also of interest that the event with the second most significant signal to noise (1.2$\sigma$) is the Milagrito event. If our most significant event is real, the implied fluence of energetic ($> 10$ GeV) gammas necessary to account for the observed muon excess would require that most of the GRB fluence arrived in the form of energetic gammas., Comment: 7 pages, including 3 figures and 1 table. Revised as per Referees' suggestions. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Published: 2000
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46. Composition of UHE Cosmic Ray Primaries

Author: Poirier, J., Carpenter, J., Gress, J., Lin, T. F., and Roesch, A.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND presents results on the atomic composition of primary cosmic rays. This is accomplished by determining the average height of primary particles that cause extensive air showers detected by Project GRAND. Particles with a larger cross sectional area, such as iron nuclei, are likely to start an extensive air shower higher in the atmosphere whereas protons, with a smaller cross section, would pass through more air before interacting and thus start showers at lower heights. Such heights can be determined by extrapolating identified muon tracks backward (upward) to determine their height of origin (Gress et al., 1997). Since muons are from the top, hadronic part of the shower, they are a good estimator for the beginning of the shower. The data for this study were taken during the previous year with 20 million shower events., Comment: 4 pages including 1 table and 4 figures. OG.3.1.12 in 26th ICRC, 4, 172 (1999)
Published: 2000
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47. Can EGRET's Gamma Ray Sources > 100 MeV Be Seen with Single Secondary Cosmic Muons from Gammas > 30 GeV?

Author: Carpenter, J., Desch, S., Lin, T. F., Poirier, J., and Roesch, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract: The high energy gamma ray sources provided by experiment EGRET on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory are examined, testing Project GRAND's ability to detect primary gamma rays by means of studying secondary muons. There is ~1.5% chance that a 100 GeV primary cosmic gamma ray will produce a muon at detection level (Fasso & Poirier, 1999), a probability which increases with increasing gamma energy. Project GRAND has 80 square meters of muon detector which identifies secondary muons >0.1 GeV and measures their angles to 0.26 deg (projected angle in the XZ and YZ planes). Data taken during the last two years are analyzed. A table of EGRET's gamma ray sources is examined (The Third EGRET Catalog of High Energy Gamma Ray Sources (EGRET webpage, 1999). EGRET's flux (>0.1 GeV), angular information, and spectral index were extrapolated to GRAND's energy region (>30 GeV). Then the geometrical acceptance was calculated for each of these events. Thus, GRAND's sensitivity to each of EGRET's sources was predicted. A product of extrapolated flux and GRAND's detection sensitivity yields an overall parameter indicating GRAND's relative sensitivity to each source, assuming an energy dependence given by EGRET's spectral index. The 14 sources with the best extrapolated detection efficiency were selected to be examined with the data., 4 pages
Published: 2000
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48. Maîtrise de la fécondité et planification familiale au Sud

Author: Guiella, G., Poirier, J., Pilon, Marc (ed.), and Guillaume, Agnès (ed.)
Subjects: FACTEUR SOCIOECONOMIQUE, ORGANISATION SOCIALE, POUVOIR LOCAL, FECONDITE, MAIN D'OEUVRE, FACTEUR ECOLOGIQUE, SOCIETE TRADITIONNELLE, ENFANT, SYSTEME AGRAIRE, FEMME, STRATEGIE PAYSANNE, LIGNAGE, MALNUTRITION PROTEINOENERGETIQUE, ROLE DES FEMMES, TRANSITION DEMOGRAPHIQUE, MORTALITE INFANTILE
Abstract: Contrairement à la migration et à la mortalité, la fécondité a été relativement peu étudiée au Burkina Faso. Sur la base des recherches sur le terrain menées par des anthropologues, géographes, économistes, historiens, qui ont documenté différents aspects de l'organisation sociale et de la dynamique des systèmes agraires en pays mossi, l'article passe en revue les contraintes environnementales auxquelles sont confrontées les populations et les grands traits de l'organisation socio-économique qui sous-tendent la production et la reproduction en milieu mossi. Il apparaît que les contraintes qui en découlent, tant pour les hommes que pour les femmes, déterminent des stratégies de survie où la forte fécondité joue encore un rôle essentiel. (Résumé d'auteur)
Published: 2000

49. Status Report of Project GRAND: An Extensive Air Shower Array of Proportional Wire Chambers

Author: Poirier, J., Carpenter, J., Desch, S., Gress, J., Lin, T. F., Lu, Y., and Roesch, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract: Project GRAND is an extensive air shower array utilizing position sensitive detectors of proportional wire chambers. The 64 detectors deployed in a field 100 m x 100 m are located at 86.2 deg W and 41.7 deg N, at 220 m above sea level. The project was completed about two years ago and has been taking data, simultaneously on two triggers: 1) multiple-hit coincidence triggers which collect data on extensive air showers, and 2) 200 Hz triggers which collect the single tracks stored in each station during the last 5 msec., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Appeared in 26th ICRC, vol 5, 304 (1999), OG.4.4.02
Published: 2000
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50. Apolipoprotein E4, cholinergic integrity and the pharmacogenetics of Alzheimer's disease

Author: Poirier, J
Subjects: lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Research Article
Abstract: Recent evidence indicates that apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a central role in the brain's response to injury. The coordinated expression of apoE and its receptors (the so-called LDL [low density lipoprotein] receptor family) appears to regulate the transport and internalization of cholesterol and phospholipids during the early phase of the re-innervation process in the adult brain. During dendritic remodelling and synaptogenesis, neurons progressively repress the synthesis of cholesterol in favour of cholesterol internalization through the apoE/LDL receptor pathway. The discovery a few years ago, that the apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele found in 15% of the normal population is strongly linked to both sporadic and familial late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), raises the possibility that a dysfunction of the lipid transport system associated with compensatory sprouting and synaptic remodelling could be central to the AD process. The role of apoE in the central nervous system is particularly important in relation to the cholinergic system, which relies to a certain extent on the integrity of phospholipid homeostasis in neurons. Recent evidence obtained by 4 independent research teams indicates that apo epsilon 4 allele directly affects cholinergic activity in the brain of AD subjects. It was also shown to modulate the drug efficacy profile of several cholinomimetic and noncholinomimetic drugs used for the treatment of AD patients.
Published: 1999

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