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Relevance: A key aspect of success after dental implant surgery is obtaining reliable osseointegration of the installed dental implant. In modern literary sources, the problem of consistency of osseointegration after the installation of dental implants is quite often touched upon. A number of authors argue that the quality of osseointegration of a dental implant depends primarily on its primary stability. Long-term studies show that bone tissue permanently undergoes various resorption and recovery processes [1, 2]. Purpose to determine the effectiveness of alkaline phosphatase and collagen protein osteocalcin in oral fluid after dental implantation. Materials and methods: Clinical studies were carried out on the basis of the Clinics of the Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. A total of 240 patients with a diagnosis of partial absence of teeth were operated on. All patients received dental implants. The median age was 44.2 years (24 to 62 years; 182 women and 58 men). Results and discussion: At the stage of orthopedic rehabilitation, most patients had a low index of oral hygiene, OHI-S averaged (2.63 0.27) c.u. All patients suffering from poor oral hygiene were recommended professional hygiene with the removal of soft and hard dental deposits. At the stage of dental implantation, the OHI-S and Mulleman index was (0.66 0.03) and (0.49 0.03) c.u. respectively. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that the increase in the titer of alkaline phosphatase and the collagen protein osteocalcin was statistically insignificant. The level of acid phosphatase titer in the oral fluid reaches its critical value two weeks after the dental implantation operation. Studies have shown that this indicator remains active up to six months after surgery. This indicator can be used to interpret various emerging trophic processes occurring in bone tissue after dental implantation.

The main criterion for assessing the engraftment of dental implants is their high-quality osseointegration [1]. Unreasonable loads exerted on a dental implant integrated into the bone tissue lead to its premature rejection. Adequate osseointegration of dental implants is also influenced by their shape, size, quality of their installation, adherence to the operating protocol, as well as the start date of subsequent prosthetics [2]. A qualitative method for determining the stability of an installed dental implant is the method of periotestmetry. In the absence of general somatic pathologies and disorders in the structure of the dental system, stable osseointegration of dental implants, periotestometry data (averaged values for 16 strokes) are in the range from -8 to 0 units. The aim of the study was to analyze the osseointegration of installed dental intraosseous-on bone implants by performing periotestmetry. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 116 patients who received 167 dental implants. At 1, 2, 4 months, half a year, a periotestmetric study was conducted using the Periotest M apparatus. Results and discussion: The analysis of the parameters obtained in the course of the study revealed the dependence of the periotestmetric data and the quality of osteontegration of intraosseous-extraosseous dental implants. Conclusion: The study of the indicators of periotestmetric data for intraosseous-bone dental implants made it possible to qualitatively predict the results of orthopedic treatment, and also made it possible to assess the degree of osseointegration of the installed dental implants.

The relevance of the study is due to the lack of a methodological concept and training program for foreigners entering the Russian magistracy after completing bachelor's degree in their home country. As a rule, these students are not well-trained in Russian. This negatively influences the formation of their professional and communicative skills and abilities necessary for mastering the subject competence in the university. The aim of the study is to propose a methodology of professional language education of foreign non-humanitarian undergraduates in the conditions of linguistic educational situation with reduced teaching time, weak general language preparation of students and/or lack of understanding of the language of the specialty. The authors used the methods of direct and indirect observation of teaching and communicative activity of undergraduates while studying the teaching material according to the proposed methodology, accompanied with the analysis, fixation, description and generalization of accompanying changes, as well as the analysis of students’ communicative needs and mistakes. The research is based on practice of teaching scientific speech to non-philological first-year bachelor and master foreign students of the Academy of Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science of RUDN University, and also conducting entrance, intermediate and final tests. As a result of the research, the teaching program with the system of text and lexical-grammatical tasks for both classroom and independent work adapted for the students, was developed. The given technology allows to form and improve not only linguistic but also cognitive and metacognitive skills of undergraduates, extending possibilities of self-education, abilities to take independent decisions. It seems promising to use the obtained results to create a full-fledged textbook on scientific speech not only for undergraduates, but also for PhD students who have completed the previous stage of professional training in their home country.

The problem of import-substituting components for the support-axial traction drive of an electric train with a wheel diameter of 950 mm is considered. As a result of the analysis, the disadvantages of the drive using foreign components are revealed: a high unsprung mass, which worsens the impact of the crew on the track, the difficulty of providing the required dynamic properties with elastic support of the motor-gear unit on the axle, the complexity of manufacturing and assembling the drive. The inexpediency of copying foreign solutions to create a domestic analogue of a traction drive is established. Variants of technically possible traction drive adapted for domestic production and easier to manufacture are considered. It is proposed to use a traction drive with a high-torque support - frame traction engine, with an increased outer diameter and the same circumferential speed of the rotor and an axial gearbox. It is proved that in this case, due to a decrease in the speed of the drive shaft, the design of the gearbox is simplified, which can be made single-reduction, and it becomes possible to use the developed and studied domestic flat rubber-cord couplings. A new design of the transverse rubber-cord coupling is proposed. For the case of using a domestic high-speed traction electric motor in the drive, it is proposed to use an aggregate-type traction drive. Two utility model patents are obtained for the proposed technical solutions and a patent application is filed.

The results of testing the "brass" type coating under conditions of oil lubrication I-20A with additives of the metal-coating additive "Valena" at a specific pressure of up to 130 MPa are presented. It is shown that additives have no effect on the wear intensity, which is in the range of (0.5...12.0)•10–9 in the load range 314...1882 N. The influence of the phase composition on the tribological properties of the coating and recommendations on the technological parameters of spraying and testing are evaluated.

A 60-year-old mystery solved: the average structures of alkali polytungstates A4W11O35 and A2W7O22 (A = K, Rb, Cs) related to hexagonal tungsten bronze were determined.

The subject of the study is the manifestations and perception of economic inequality of citizens in Russia. Economic inequality is one of the global problems of our time. In Russia, it has been at a consistently high level for 30 years. The task of smoothing the inequality of citizens in Russia has been set at the highest state level. Research interest in this regard is the manifestations and subjective assessment or perception by citizens of the degree of inequality, regardless of its calculated statistical indicators, as well as the ability of the state to smooth inequality and overcome poverty. The purpose of the study is to identify and evaluate the manifestations of economic inequality of citizens in Russia, as well as its perception based on the results of a sociological survey to determine the prospects for smoothing inequality. The scientific novelty consists in identifying the manifestations and assessing the perception of economic inequality by Russian citizens based on the interpretation of the results of a sociological survey, as well as in substantiating the aggravating effect of personal income tax deductions on inequality. With the acute perception of inequality and injustice in the distribution of income in Russia, there is no intensification of protest sentiments and the risks of threats to socio-economic stability are not realized. Manifestations of inequality of citizens are the need to save on food and consumer preferences, tourist activity, the availability of credit obligations, the use of medical and educational services, the demand for personal income tax deductions. The current bias in favor of investment and property deductions for personal income tax to the detriment of social and standard deductions does not allow realizing the potential of their smoothing effect on the inequality of citizens. Property and investment deductions used by more affluent citizens lower the average effective personal income tax rate for them at a level lower than that of poor citizens, which leads to regressive income taxation.

The author reviews the past-to-present academic literature on game studies from the perspective of ludology and narratology. The academic study of video games has grown substantially since 2001 - the year Game Studies started publishing its first articles. Yet both ludology and narratology remain a particularly new field, especially in the Russian academic field, and many of its discussed themes have yet to attain widespread recognition. The academic articles published between 2017 and 2022 were reviewed to provide understanding of the current state of the research on ludology and narratology in various research areas. The corpus was gathered by searching publications in international database Scopus. Each article was categorized according to the type of database, period of time, the country of publication, the field of study and the frequency of citations. The applied method of quantitative research allows tracking the development of research within five years in the field of game studies. Several proposals for further research in this field were put forward. The main hypothesis of this work is that one type of methodology is more applicable than the other, considering the background. The author concludes that one type of methodology can prevail in research - depending on the region of the published article.

Aim to study the immunomodulator-induced individual cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to evaluate the potential of using this approach as a universal cellular test system in personalized medicine. Material and methods. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells given by donors were cultured in vitro in the presence of immunomodulators Imunofan and Polyoxidonium. After incubation, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of the culture medium for the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, MCP-1/CCL2, and IFN- cytokines was performed. Results. The results of the experiment have demonstrated the absence of spontaneous or immunomodulator-induced production of IFN- by PBMCs. These data correspond to the information presented earlier in the scientific literature. We also observed a pronounced inhibitory effect of both immunomodulators on the production of cytokines MCP-1/CCL2, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8 by PBMCs, along with the individual variability of their production and the cumulative effect of production over time. Conclusion. The features of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by PBMCs into the medium in the presence of immunomodulators, revealed by the in vitro screening, can be used to develop universal in vitro cellular test systems for personalized diagnosis of a number of socially significant inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Calculations of the total energy of Fe-Pt nanoclusters, corresponding in the phase diagram to the compositions of FePt, FePt3 intermetallics and possessing either characteristic structures L10 and L12, respectively, or non-characteristic disordered structure A1, as well as various particle habits (cuboctahedra, icosahedra) are carried out by molecular dynamics for the first time. The dependences of cluster stability on their size and temperature are plotted, along with the schemes of temperature transformations of cluster morphology and the dependence of the melting points of the clusters with these structures and habits on their size. The size range (2–8 nm) corresponds to the sizes of particles observed by high-resolution electron microscopy. It is shown that the species play an essential part in the phase transformations proceeding under heating in the nanostructured system Fe-Pt and leading to the formation of nanocrystals with highly ordered L10 structure possessing giant coercivity are cubic nanoclusters with the ordered structures L10 and L12. With an increase in cluster size, their stability and melting points increase, tending to saturation of the dependencies within the size range above 10 nm. The least stable clusters are those of intermetallics with non-characteristic disordered structure A1 and icosahedral habit.

A hundred years have passed since the first use of insulin as the main means of therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. During this time, significant progress has been made in the development of insulin therapy, including the development of new insulin formulations and methods of its delivery. At the same time, over the years, expanding knowledge about the immunopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus, doctors are trying to reach a completely new level of possibilities in the treatment of this disease. At this level, methods of immunotherapeutic effects on those links of autoimmune chains will become available, which today limit both the therapy of patients with type 1 diabetes and the development of the idea of stem-cells transplantation due to the lack of a holistic understanding of ways to overcome post-transplant immune aggression against -cells. The review summarizes the current understanding of known interleukins involved as the most important intermediaries in the phases of initiation and immuno-mediated destruction of pancreatic -cells. The achievements in the study of the role of key interleukins in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diabetes for marking potential application points of immunomodulatory targeted therapy are considered.

The article provides a review analysis of publications on the subject of a retrospective of scientific views on the "professional and physical performance" of a specialist in relation to their essence and content. The thesis is argued that physiologists saturate terms with medical specific gravity; teachers – socio-cultural and theoretical components; psychologists – cognitive-moral and emotional shades; although in general - the basic construction of professional and physical performance has the same concepts. As a result, the author of the review comes to the conclusion about the need for an integrative view of the interpretation of concepts, which implies the quantitative and qualitative amount of human labor that his body is able to perform for a long time, efficiently and with the maintenance of the required load regimes with the dominance of the "physical condition" parameter, which includes a set of anthropometric features, physical fitness, functional state and biological resources of the body (echelons of physiological reserves).

This paper analyzes the methods and technologies for assessing the method of formation, composition, characteristics and features of corium, which is a mixture of nuclear and structural materials of the nuclear reactor core, formed as a result of an accident accompanied by partial or complete core melting. The study is based on data from the study of corium formed as a result of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, which are in the public domain and are the result of the work of many scientific organizations around the world. Corium research is one of the main issues in the framework of improving nuclear safety in the future and is one of the objectives of the successful procedure for eliminating the consequences of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Without a detailed analysis of the neutronic, materials science, gravimetric and other characteristics of the corium, as well as the creation of a complex model of the corium that combines these data, it is impossible to organize an efficient and safe process for removing nuclear materials from the damaged units of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The objective of this work is to combine the existing research results into a data set that allows modeling of the corium using neutronic calculation codes and includes such data as the size, density and morphology of corium samples and their approximate nuclide composition. Such modeling allows not only to perform tasks related to increasing the level of safety in the implementation of the procedure for eliminating the consequences of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, but also to serve as an international benchmark for modeling a mixture containing nuclear materials.

The paper focuses on the experience of using software and hardware for airborne gamma-spectrometric survey of radioactive contaminated areas using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Historical development of the instrumentation park caused by rapid evolution of electronic components and optimization of radiation survey methods is demonstrated. A state-of-the-art commercially available aerial gamma survey device is described that is suitable for use with virtually any aircraft with a payload capacity over 0.9 kg. Further prospects for the development of airborne gamma-spectrometric survey are considered.

Prerequisites, creation, place and role of vertically integrated medical information system “Obstetrics and gynecology” and “Neonatoloy” (VIMIS “AKiNEO”, System) the purpose of which is to increase the efficiency of managing the vertical of medical care organization by providing prompt and comprehensive analysis of information, improving the qualifications of medical workers, as well as improving the quality of medical care to patients by improving information support at all levels in the digital transformation are considered in the article. VIMIS “AKiNEO” receives in the form of structured electronic medical documents, processes and aggregates primary data from external medical information systems. Thus, the principle of a single input of information and its further multiple use is observed. Components, working principles and current state of the System are described in details, including the results using the severe maternal morbidity register. Examples of clinical situations in which the registry played a significant role in saving life and health of patients are given. Positive effects of the System influence on the obstetric services both at the regional level and at the level of the whole Russian Federation are shown. The problems encountered during creation and implementation VIMIS “AKiNEO” in Russian digital healthcare system are presented.

Introduction. Early relevant is the early prediction of the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which allows to prevent the development of the disease and its complications. For the purpose of screening, scales for assessing the risk of its development based on the results of questionnaires are used, but at the moment there are no questionnaires against employees of law enforcement agencies professionally related to psycho-emotional stress.Aim. Assessment of the prognostic value of the original mathematical model of the VERADIV to assess the risk of developing T2D in comparison with the FINDRISC questionnaires and a DIARISK regarding the cohort of military personnel.Materials and methods. 212 subjects from among military personnel under a young and middle -aged contract with a waist of the a avyinary poles and a representative control group from among civilians (60 people) were selected for prospective cohort research. At the first stage of the study, anthropometric psychophysiological indicators were studied, as well as laboratory data aimed at assessing the state of the endocrine function of the pancreas and the degree of insulin resistance. After 3 years, the state of carbohydrate exchange of subjects with the assessment of factors that influenced the development of new cases of prediabetes and T2D was evaluated. Based on the data obtained, an index of the VERADIV was developed, avaluating the likelihood of risk of developing T2D among military personnel. The most important stage in the work was a comparative assessment of the prognostic value of the model of the FINDRISC verasa and the DIARISK, set forth in this article.Results and discussion. The mathematical model of predicting the risk of T2D, from the age, from the HOMA-IR index, allows the points of aggressiveness and volitional self -control in 91.9% of cases, correctly predict the absence of the development of T2D after 3 years, and during the same period the probability of manifestation of T2D – in 91.7% of cases. For cohorts of military personnel, the specificity and sensitivity of the FINDRISC questionnaire amounted to 69.5 and 75%, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the DIARISK questionnaire amounted to 75%.Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the importance of taking into account insulin resistance and psycho-emotional stress in assessing the risk of developing T2D among military personnel, which confirmed the high prognostic value of the vendiv scale.

Risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus were assessed in 212 military personnel aged 2045 years serving under a contract, of which 95 people (an experienced group with risk factors) and 117 people without risk factors (an experienced group), as well as 60 practically healthy males who are not military personnel Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation aged between 18 and 45 years (control group). It was revealed that the indicators with the greatest influence on the development of type 2 diabetes include older age, body mass index, waist circumference, insulin resistance index, and the results of the psychological questionnaire Tendency to deviant behavior on the scale of Aggressiveness as well as the questionnaire Strong-willed self-control. It was found, on 3-year follow-up, that prediabetes developed in 8 (8.4%) patients of the experimental group with risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus who did not have carbohydrate metabolism disorders, and in 8 (6.8%) patients of the experimental group. At the same time, type 2 diabetes mellitus occurred in 2 (2.5%) patients of the experimental group and in 2 (1.7%) military personnel of the experimental group with risk factors for type 2 diabetes but initially normal glycemic indices, as well as in 8 (8.4%) patients of the same group who had prediabetes at the beginning of the study. In addition, prediabetes was detected in 2 people of the control group after 3 years and type 2 diabetes mellitus in 1 person. According to the results of the study, a mathematical model is proposed to assess the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in military personnel with a waist circumference 94 cm. The proposed model has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 91%. The prognostic value of a negative result is 89.2%, and that of a positive result is 87%. Thus, military personnel with a waist circumference of 94 cm are characterized by a more frequent development of new cases of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus than civilians, which is due to the stressful nature of military service. The use of the proposed mathematical model will make it possible to predict the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in military personnel with a waist circumference of 94 cm over a 3-year period with the identification of a risk group requiring the use of a set of preventive measures aimed at reducing body weight.

Monetary inequality is one of the most pressing socio-economic problems for Russia. Taxes have so far failed to reduce inequality. Not only income taxation of citizens, but also property taxation has the potential to smooth it out. In Russia, the share of property taxes of individuals in the tax revenues of the budget is significantly lower than in many developed countries. It is shown that property taxes of individuals have a serious potential both in increasing the budget security of regions and municipalities, and in smoothing inequality. In Russia, the tools for smoothing inequality among property taxes include benefits for certain categories of citizens; transport tax on expensive cars («luxury tax»); reduction of the tax base for the property tax of individuals by the cadastral value of 20 sq. m. for apartments and 50 sq. m. for residential buildings. Taking into account foreign experience, it is proved that the introduction of inheritance and gift taxes, as well as an increase in property tax rates for owners of many real estate objects, can be significant within the framework of smoothing monetary inequality.

The significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy as a whole, the most important areas of life and activity of citizens of almost all states, require the study of both positive and not always successful, negative experience in overcoming the socio-economic consequences of covid restrictions in order to improve the tools for regulating migration processes in crisis conditions. In Belarus, the necessary measures were taken in a timely manner to ensure the stability of the socio-economic situation in the country, taking into account the high degree of openness of its economy. In this context, a special place is occupied by Presidential Decree No. 143 of April 24, 2020 “On Supporting the Economy”, which aims to minimize the impact of the global epidemiological situation on the economy of the Republic of Belarus and is aimed at addressing issues of improving business activities in a pandemic, in particular, the introduction of taxation budget incentives, adjustment of certain provisions of labor policy, improvement of social protection of citizens and migrant workers. How did all this affect the migration and demographic situation and the results of the socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which did not introduce a strict lockdown regime? To this end, in the course of the study, an analysis of relevant factual data was carried out and preliminary assessments of the emerging socio-economic, migration and demographic situation in the Republic of Belarus were given.

The data of the modern literature describing the long-term consequences of infection of the body with SARS-CoV-2 on the cardiovascular system in the framework of postcovid syndrome are analyzed. To date, postcovid syndrome refers to a condition in which symptoms continue to persist for more than 12 weeks from the moment of diagnosis of COVID-19. Various complaints of patients after undergoing a new coronavirus infection are described, the distinguishing feature of which is their versatility, where cardiovascular manifestations are assigned one of the leading roles. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, cardiac arrhythmia and conduction disorders are considered. The role of SARS-CoV-2 in the formation of de novo and decompensation of pre-existing cardiovascular diseases has been demonstrated. The possibility of developing heart failure in patients with COVID-19 as an outcome of inflammation of the heart muscle is shown. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the incidence of myocarditis after 3 months or more from the diagnosis of COVID-19, as well as thrombotic complications, in the genesis of which the main role belongs to the formation of endothelial dysfunction resulting from the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with vascular endothelial cells. The autoimmune component of the pathogenesis of damage to the cardiovascular system as a result of the formation of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 is also considered. The authors present a laboratory-instrumental algorithm for determining cardiovascular complications in people who have undergone COVID-19, including the determination of the N-terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide B-type prohormone, the level of anticardial antibodies, electrocardiography, echocardiography, as well as magnetic resonance imaging of the heart with contrast.

In the context of the increasing influence of the products of the Internet field (social media, blogging) on social everyday life, media education is becoming especially relevant. The symbolic status of the audience is changing, which becomes not only a consumer, but also a producer of media content. The current stage in the development of media communications can be considered unique with some reservations. However, in the history of the XIX-XX centuries, there was a precedent, since in society periodically there were periods of a large-scale surge of interest in media literacy as the main category of media education, depending on a number of socio-cultural factors. This increase in the importance of media literacy is wave-like. The subject of this article is the waves of media education, which are considered from the standpoint of synchronicity and diachrony. A complex of methods is used: historical and cultural analysis; structural analysis; contextual analysis; secondary analysis of sociological and statistical data. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the modern media communication conditions in which the new media develop are similar to those that were in the formation of the audience of cinema and television. The Internet and, in particular, social media are no less rapidly conquering the audience. At the same time, the modern mediated world requires a high level of media competence and the development of critical thinking from society.

The $e^+e^-\to\eta\gamma$ cross section is measured in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.07 to 2.00 GeV in the decay channel $\eta\to 3\pi^0$, $\pi^0\to\gamma\gamma$. The data set with an integrated luminosity of 242 pb$^{-1}$ accumulated in the experiment with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider is analyzed., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures

Introduction. The proposed article is one of the opportunities to show the need to revive the institution of mentoring (tutoring) in the modern socio-economic conditions of the development of the national education system. Based on the research of scientists, the authors give a description of the main categories of research "mentoring" and "tutoring"; rethink different approaches to understanding their essence. Mentoring is defined by the authors as an effective form of formation and development of the personality of a young teacher. Materials and Methods. As research methods, the method of analysis and systematization of psychological-pedagogical theoretical-experimental and scientific-methodological studies of domestic scientists on the problem of mentoring, tutoring, support was used. Results. The historical and pedagogical analysis of the formation and development of the institute of mentoring in pre-revolutionary Russia, during the Soviet period of the development of the domestic education system and shows the possibilities of the revival of mentoring in modern Russia; the goals and objectives of the "School of Mentoring" in the conditions of the region are defined. The study of the problem of mentoring and tutoring forces a new assessment of their role and importance in the formation and development of the personality of a modern professional teacher, mentor, tutor, who can provide significant assistance in self-determination and adaptation to modern society of each student. Discussion and Conclusions. The article presents the results of the activity of the "Mentoring School" operating on the basis of the MAOU "School No. 187" of Nizhny Novgorod. Special attention in the activities of the "School of Mentoring" was paid to rethinking the system of methodological work, improving the research and methodological culture of the teacher, developingand implementing methodological support for generalizing the experience of mentoring, which ultimately contributes to the self-development of the teacher's personality, his pedagogical skills and career growth.

Introduction. In the last decade, there has been an increase in publications in the field of odontopreparation using robotic technologies in the literature. The study of patent and literary publications on this subject led to the conclusion that at present the key direction of dentistry is the improvement of various means, methods for diagnosing pathological conditions of the oral cavity through the use of robotic systems. Purpose – to study the long-term results of treatment with fixed bridge structures in the lateral sections of the dentition.Materials and methods. We selected outpatient records of 54 patients who applied to the Samara Regional Dental Polyclinic in the period from 2015 to 2022 with a diagnosis of partial absence of teeth in the posterior region, who underwent orthopedic treatment using bridges. Subsequently, all these patients made a number of complaints about chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane from injuries caused by orthopedic structures, impaired self-cleaning from food residues, impaired fixation of the orthopedic structure, and in some cases, a fracture of the supporting part of the prosthesis or tooth stump.Conclusions. Undoubtedly, for high-quality dental treatment, it is necessary to ensure high-quality visualization of the x-ray picture of the bone tissue in the area of the supporting teeth, as well as take into account excessive chewing loads that may occur during the operation of the bridge. A competent choice of an orthopedic design, as well as compliance with these conditions, makes it possible to ensure the long-term use of orthopedic prostheses with a high degree of probability.

The relevance of investigation of induction motor electric drives with frequency converters having voltage source inverter with space-vector modulation is shown. The brief survey of researches of such matter is carried out. The aim of this article is to develop mathematical and computer model of frequency converter with space-vector modulation algorithms by means of Matlab Simulink, this model has to be implemented into the Matlab models of AC electric drives with induction and synchronous motors. To achieve such an aim, it needs to introduce techniques of electric drive theory, numerical techniques, techniques of algebraic equations system solution, techniques of computer simulation. The still two-phase framework is applied to describe the converter model. The two-level voltage source inverter is chosen for the investigation of modulation algorithms. To verify the mathematical model of space-vector modulation, the model of 5.5 kW induction motor is used. Induction motor and power switches are modelled by means of Matlab SimPowerSystems units. The results of simulation show the adequacy of the developed model in both steady state and transient modes. One can conclude the dependence of total harmonic distortion of the induction motor stator current from load torque, switching frequency of voltage source inverter’s power switches and stator current frequency for the electric drive with scalar control system.

The case of preoperative diagnosis of peripheric primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) of the chest with damage of body sternum in 21-year-old patient is presented in Native literature for the first time. CT and echography data as well as serum tumor-markers level are given. The detection of tissue-markers and electronic microscopy data are the most reliable diagnostic methods. However clinical and routine morphologic examinations are important as well. Our patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chest resection and plasty by osseous-musculocutaneous flap on vascular pedicle. Efficacy of polychemotherapy with vincristine, cyclophosphan, farmorubicin and platidiam is proved. Nine months after operation no tumor relapse and metastasis were observe. In spite of relatively low sensitivity of pPNET to cytostatic drugs, combined treatment with neoadjuvant is the most justified. Original method for the plasty of chest defect with no application of artificial materials provides favourable conditions for wound healing with good and satisfactory cosmetic outcomes.

Resume. Mandibular prognathia is a common pathology of the development of the dentition, related to genetic disorders. A characteristic feature of mandibular prognathia is the overlap of the upper incisors by the lower incisors. Despite the fact that distal prognathia is more common than mandibular (mesial) prognathia, the latter affects all age categories of people. The causes of this pathology can be divided into two groups: endogenous and exogenous. Clinically, this is manifested by a violation of the aesthetic appearance of the face, due to a change in its configuration, the appearance of pronounced nasolabial folds. The purpose - of the study was to assess the teleradiological parameters of facial tissues in patients after orthodontic treatment for mandibular prognathia. Materials and methods. The collection and analysis of clinical material was carried out on the basis of the Samara City Clinical Dental Clinic No. 1, Samara, in the period from 2018 to 2022. The study involved 88 patients with removable and permanent dentition. When detecting mandibular prognathia, clinical functional tests proposed by Ilyina-Markosyan were used. Conclusion. Analysis of the results of the treatment of patients suffering from mandibular prognathia demonstrated a stable improvement in the clinical picture, which is confirmed by the results of teleroentgenography.

Monetary inequality is a serious socio-economic problem both for Russia and for many countries. The implementation of tools for smoothing inequality today becomes a condition for ensuring Russia's national security and sustainable development around the world. The level of inequality and poverty in Russia is at a very high level. The degree of inequality has not been reduced for 30 years, that is, in fact, since the beginning of the period of market reforms and privatization, despite the measures taken by the government. And even in the current very difficult financial and economic conditions, the task of reducing inequality remains a key direction of socio-economic policy. This task has been set today at the highest state level. The above makes it urgent to develop and implement a set of measures to influence the state on inequality. The subject of the study is the socio-economic relations of the state and citizens regarding the smoothing of monetary inequality in terms of determining the configuration of factors of state influence. Within the framework of the study, the factors of the state's impact on inequality are systematized and classified. As such, the following are considered: income, property and indirect taxation of citizens, state social transfers (pensions, benefits, social programs), monetary policy, labor market regulation, macroeconomic policy to ensure growth. It is shown that the main state instrument in the field of smoothing inequality in Russia are state social transfers. The potential of personal income tax is practically not realized, despite the fact that the world experience of smoothing inequality is focused primarily on income taxation. The prospects of development in the impact of the state on inequality are determined. Advantages and disadvantages of tax instruments are noted. The directions of improving income, indirect, and property taxation of citizens to reduce inequality are proposed.

In the article results of the comparative analysis of world experience of stimulation of innovative-investment process through the formation of a favorable tax climate are generalized. Development of tax stimulation of innovation activity is considered as a crucial factor in building a new model of economic growth. It is concluded that within the subject principle there are three elements of the stimulation instrument: amortization privileges, preferences concerning the profits tax, indirect measures of tax stimulation. Conclusions on potential use of foreign tax instruments of stimulation of innovation activity in the Russian conditions are presented.

The study aims to synthesize and examine the biological activity of mono- and binuclear platinum (II) and palladium (II) complexes containing terminal and bridging nitrite ligands against the test cultures of Bacillus subtilis B4647, Aspergillus brasiliensis (niger) F679, Pseudomonas aeruginosa B8243, and Escherichia coli. Through the interaction of mononuclear platinum (II) and palladium (II) complexes, dimeric complexes having nitrite ligands were synthesized. The composition and structure of these complexes were established using elemental analysis, conductometry, potentiometry, cryoscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and X-ray fluorescence analysis. A way to coordinate nitrite ligands with the central atom was established. Antimicrobial and antifungal properties were evaluated according to the capability of the synthesized complexes to inhibit the activity of bacteria and fungi via diffusion in agar and in vitro dilution. The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of the complexes suppressing the visible growth of microorganisms and fungi, as well as exhibiting their bactericidal effect, ranged from 62.5–125 μmol/dm3. The obtained results revealed a high activity of the palladium (II) binuclear complex of the non-electrolytic type and the platinum (II) binuclear complex of the cationic type. Unlike mononuclear complexes, palladium and platinum binuclear complexes demonstrate higher antibacterial activity. Antibacterial effectiveness exhibited by the palladium complex of the non-electrolytic type against bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, as well as fungi Aspergillus niger, is more pronounced. The only exception is the antimicrobial activity of the palladium complex against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is comparable to that of the binuclear platinum complex of the cationic type. By changing the structure of the complex, the composition and charge of the inner sphere, the number of coordination centers, as well as the nature and denticity of ligands, it is possible to achieve a higher toxic effect of the complexes against bacteria and fungi.