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Eating in absence of hunger is quite common and often associated with an increased energy intake co-existent with a poorer food choice. Intuitive eating (IE), i.e., eating in accordance with internal hunger and satiety cues, may protect from overeating. IE, however, requires accurate perception and processing of one's own bodily signals, also referred to as interoceptive sensitivity. Training interoceptive sensitivity might therefore be an effective method to promote IE and prevent overeating. As most studies on eating behavior are conducted in younger adults and close social relationships influence health-related behavior, this study focuses on middle-aged and older couples.The present pilot randomized intervention study aims at investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a 21-day mindfulness-based training program designed to increase interoceptive sensitivity. A total of N = 60 couples participating in the NutriAct Family Study, aged 50-80 years, will be recruited. This randomized-controlled intervention study comprises three measurement points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, 4-week follow-up) and a 21-day training that consists of daily mindfulness-based guided audio exercises (e.g., body scan). A three-arm intervention study design is applied to compare two intervention groups (training together as a couple vs. training alone) with a control group (no training). Each measurement point includes the assessment of self-reported and objective indicators of interoceptive sensitivity (primary outcome), self-reported indicators of intuitive and maladaptive eating (secondary outcomes), and additional variables. A training evaluation applying focus group discussions will be conducted to assess participants' overall acceptance of the training and its feasibility.By investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based training program to increase interoceptive sensitivity, the present study will contribute to a deeper understanding of how to promote healthy eating in older age.German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), no. DRKS00024903. Retrospectively registered on April 21, 2021.

As part of a healthy diet, guidelines recommend eating a variety of foods to reduce risks associated with malnutrition. However, whether people follow this recommendation substantially depends on their willingness to try unfamiliar foods, also referred to as food neophilia. This study aimed at comprehensively validating the German version of the Variety Seeking Tendency Scale (VARSEEK), a common instrument to assess food neophilia. Two independent sub-studies were conducted to examine the German VARSEEK’s psychometric properties. Study 1 (N = 532, aged 18–91 years) and Study 2 (N = 468, aged 18–73 years) each comprised a German community sample. Data were collected both online and via a paper–pencil version. Whereas Study 1 included an EFA, Study 2 comprised a CFA, analyses of the VARSEEK’s reliability and construct validity, and different explorative group comparisons. EFA and CFA results supported the original scale’s unidimensionality. Internal consistency (α = .93) and test-retest reliability (r = .87) of the scale were high. VARSEEK scores were positively associated with openness, sensation seeking, and extraversion and negatively associated with food neophobia, general neophobia, and trait anxiety. Construct validity was further established by showing positive associations with ratings of familiarity with and willingness to try familiar and unfamiliar foods. Whereas group comparisons revealed no significant differences for sex, age, and weight status, analyses showed that people who belonged to the upper class were more food neophilic than those assigned to the lower and middle class. Findings further underscore that the German VARSEEK is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of food neophilia in the German population.

Das Inkrafttreten der 15. AMG-Novelle am 23. Juli 2009 (1) zog umfangreiche Anderungen nach sich, v. a. auch im Hinblick auf die Herstellung und Anwendung selbst hergestellter Radiopharmaka. Fur die Nuklearmedizin, v. a. in der Klinik, in der bis zu dem Zeitpunkt viele nicht ­zugelassene radioaktive Arzneimittel angewandt wurden, ergaben sich dadurch einschneidende Veranderungen. Auffallig ist, dass die Interpretation der Gesetzesanderungen nach wie vor mit Unsicherheit behaftet ist und deshalb die Konsequenzen nicht bis ins Detail bestimmbar sind. Der nachfolgende Beitrag beschreibt die Anderungen der 15. AMG-Novelle und diskutiert deren Auswirkungen in der klinischen Praxis. Unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen konnte fur eine Ubergangszeit von 2 Jahren nach den bis Sommer 2009 gultigen Regelungen verfahren werden, d. h. die Anwendung des AMG fand keine Anwendung, wenn Hersteller und Anwender ein und dieselbe Person waren. Dies galt jedoch nicht fur neue Betriebe. Bei der Umsetzung der Novelle, idealerweise in Zusammenarbeit mit den zustandigen Behorden, sind bei einigen Einrichtungen erhebliche finanzielle Mittel zur Umrustung auf GMP-konformen Standard notwendig geworden; gelingt dies nicht, muss im ungunstigstem Fall die betreffende Einrichtung die Radiopharmazie aufgeben. Fur nicht zugelassene radioaktive Diagnostika besteht auch nach der Ubergangsfrist von 2 Jahren (01. August 2011) eine hinreichend akzeptable Losung durch die AMRadV (8). Dies gilt hingegen nicht fur radioaktive Therapeutika ohne Zulassung; die einzig sinnvolle Losung hierfur ware eine Anderung der bestehenden AMRadV in Analogie zur Regelung fur Diagnostika. Nach Ansicht der Autoren sollten die nuklearmedizinischen Verbande und Gesellschaften dringend damit beginnen, auf den Gesetzgeber einzuwirken.

In order to check the system aspects of the forward-backward MSGC tracker designed for the future CMS experiment at LHC: 38 trapezoidal MSGC counters assembled in six multi-substrates detector modules were built and exposed to a muon beam at the CERN SPS. Results on the gain uniformity along the wedge-shaped strip pattern and across the detector modules are shown together with measurements of the detection efficiency and the spatial resolution. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Aromatic main chain polyesters with perpendicularly attached nonlinear optical chromophores embedded in long alkoxy side chains are synthesized starting from 4,7-dihydroxy-2-(dicyanomethylene)-1,3-benzodithiolane. The polymers were characterized by DSC, XRD and polarized optical microscopy. Nonlinear optical properties of models of the chromophore subunits were investigated separately by electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) and electrooptical absorption measurement (EOAM). Electric poling of the polymers was successfully applied to thin films of the polymer to induce the noncentrosymmetry required for second-order nonlinearity. Characterization of electrooptical properties of the poled polymer films was accomplished by the method of attenuated total reflection

[(18)F]Fluoroethylcholine has been recently introduced as a promising (18)F-labelled analogue of [(11)C]choline which had been previously described as a tracer for metabolic cancer imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). Due to the practical advantages of using the longer-lived radioisotope (18)F (t(1/2)=110 min), offering the opportunity of a more widespread clinical application, we established a reliable, fully automated synthesis for its production using a modified, commercially available module. [(18)F]Fluoroethylcholine was prepared from N,N-dimethylaminoethanol by iodide catalyzed alkylation with 1-[(18)F]fluoro-2-tosylethane as alkylating agent, resulting in a total radiochemical yield of 30+/-6% after a synthesis time of 50 min. The specific activity of [(18)F]fluoroethylcholine was >55 GBq/micromol and the radiochemical purity 95-99%.

In this paper we describe the development of a new augmented reality-based user interface for a museum exhibit at the Heinz Nixdorf Museums Forum at Paderborn, Germany. In opposite to existing traditional presentation technologies in museums, the new user Interface will provide Interactive exploration of a real exhibit, In this case a personal computer Apple G4. For the Implementation we used the AR-ToolKit, a marker-based AR-Software. Furthermore, the user acceptance of the new interface has been evaluated with a poll based on personal interviews among the museum visitors.

In most organic photorefractive systems discrete components are assigned for each function, i.e., a photochemical charge generating species, a transport media, a nonlinear chromophore and, in some cases, even trapping species. All these components are mixed with, attached to, or otherwise constitute some kind of polymer binder that may also contain plasticizers to control the glass transition temperature. These systems are obviously complex mixtures that may sometimes suffer from heterogeneity, phase separation, and resulting poor linear optical properties due to scattering and other fluctuations. A general goal then is to design compositions that contain a minimum number of discrete components and this can be accomplished by designing molecules which are multifunctional and perform more than one of the requisite tasks. It is even possible to eliminate the polymer altogether and form high optical quality monomeric molecular glasses from specially modified chromophores. It turns out that glass formation in organic monomers is really not that uncommon. However, the optimization of monomer glasses to enhance the temperature range and stability of the glass phase entails understanding and control of the appropriate structure features such as hydrogen bonding and conformational flexibility. For photorefractive applications highly birefringent chromophores in the pyridone and methylenedihydropyridine families were identified and by appropriate structure modifications were converted to highly stable glasses. The characterization of the electronic and structural properties of these of these materials and other related chromophores to provide useful photorefractive media is being actively pursued.

As the high abstention rate during the last european election shows, it seems that a large part of the european population is rather sceptical towards the european integration process. One ascribe this "euroscepticism" to the European Union communication. Our paper aims to evaluate this hypothesis which is not as obvious as it seems first. To do so we have evaluated the communication policy which as been set up by the European Commission (before the Romano Prodi Presidence) to conclude that the lack of a real european public sphere is probably a better explanation of this phenomenon.

The kinetic turbidimetric limulus amebocyte lysate test was validated as method for detecting endotoxins in short-lived radiopharmaceutical samples. Using this method, radiopharmaceuticals can be released for administration to humans after the test, without extensive loss of radioactivity. Inhibition or enhancement on the LAL results by the product samples were examined in more detail and eliminated.

Cristallisation dans P4/nmm avec a=4,696, c=7,559, Z=2; affinement jusqu'a R=0,0223. La structure est caracterisee par des couches de tetraedres ∞ 2 [NaS − 4/4 ], separees par des couches doubles de Rb, pour former une geometrie de type PbFCl

Using a distillation method for the separation of18F-fluoride from aqueous18F-solutions obtained after cyclotron irradiation of a water target by means of the16O(3He, p)18F reaction, the radiohalogen could be generated as a highly reactive species for nucleophilic substitution reactions. Thus, with the starting compounds 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-O-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-β-D-mannopyranose and 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-O-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-α-D-allofuranose18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (2-18FDG) and18F-3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose (3-18FDG) could be synthesized with radiochemical yields of 71.6% and 85.9%, respectively. Including purification by HPLC, the total preparation time was 70 min, yielding the glucose derivatives in a no-carrier-added state. Specific activities coold be calculated to be greater than 103 Ci/mmol.

Since the end of 1973, the world has been suffering from recession, inflation, and balance-of-payments crises. The 1976 recovery proved to be short lived, and there are as yet no signs that world economic activity will be expanding in the foreseeable future at the high and sustained rates experienced in the 1960s. Thus growth in the industrialized world in 1978 is estimated at only 3 percent, well below the 5 percent growth target agreed to in May 1977 at the London economic summit. At the same time, inflation in the OECD area averaged some 9 percent in 1977 and has fallen to 8 percent in recent months. Five basic changes in the international environment are worth distinguishing: the

The effect of the following drugs in therapeutic doses on somatosensory cortical evoked potentials was studied: methamphetamine, chlorpromazine, imipramine, diazepam, phenobarbital, pethidine, and novaminesulfone. Physiological saline was used as control. Each of these compounds was studied in 5 healthy subjects. Three evoked potentials were recorded before, and another three after administration of the drug. Each potential was averaged from 1024 single stimuli. None of the drugs, led to marked changes of the evoked potential, i.e., all data (latencies, amplitudes) were within the double standard deviation of the data obtained in normal subjects in a previous study. Although no significant changes were seen, some trends could be observed: methamphetamine and imipramine produced a decrease in the latency of the first positive peak, chlorpromazine increased the latency of the third positive peak. The amplitude of the third peak was reduced under phenobarbital. It is concluded that the drugs investigated in the presents study do not produce significant changes in the somatosensory cortical evoked potential and therefore drug application may be continued when evoked potentials are used for diagnostic purposes.