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29 results on '"Ribeyre, X."'

1. Dynamics of nanosecond laser pulse propagation and of associated instabilities in a magnetized underdense plasma

Author

Yao, W., Higginson, A., Marquès, J. -R., Antici, P., Béard, J., Burdonov, K., Borghesi, M., Castan, A., Ciardi, A., Coleman, B., Chen, S. N., d'Humières, E., Gangolf, T., Gremillet, L., Khiar, B., Lancia, L., Loiseau, P., Ribeyre, X., Soloviev, A., Starodubtsev, M., Wang, Q., and Fuchs, J.

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The propagation and energy coupling of intense laser beams in plasmas are critical issues in laser-driven inertial confinement fusion. Applying magnetic fields to such a setup has been evoked to enhance fuel confinement and heating, and mitigate laser energy losses. Here we report on experimental measurements demonstrating improved transmission and increased smoothing of a high-power laser beam propagating in an underdense magnetized plasma. We also measure enhanced backscattering, which our simulations show is due to hot electrons confinement, thus leading to reduced target preheating.

Published
2023
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2. Multiscale study of high energy attosecond pulse interaction with matter and application to proton–Boron fusion

Author

Ribeyre, X., Capdessus, R., d'Humières, E., Wheeler, J., and Mourou, G.

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Multidisciplinary, Physics::Plasma Physics, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

For several decades, the interest of the scientific community in aneutronic fusion reactions such as proton–Boron fusion has grown because of potential applications in different fields. Recently, many scientific teams in the world have worked experimentally on the possibility to trigger proton–Boron fusion using intense lasers demonstrating an important renewal of interest of this field. It is now possible to generate ultra-short high intensity laser pulses at high repetition rate. These pulses also have unique properties that can be leveraged to produce proton–Boron fusion reactions. In this article, we investigate the interaction of a high energy attosecond pulse with a solid proton–Boron target and the associated ion acceleration supported by numerical simulations. We demonstrate the efficiency of single-cycle attosecond pulses in comparison to multi-cycle attosecond pulses in ion acceleration and magnetic field generation. Using these results we also propose a path to proton–Boron fusion using high energy attosecond pulses.

Published
2022
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3. Particle energization in colliding subcritical collisionless shocks investigated in the laboratory

Author

Fazzini, A., Yao, W., Burdonov, K., Béard, J., Chen, S. N., Ciardi, A., d'Humières, E., Diab, R., Filippov, E. D., Kisyov, S., Lelasseux, V., Miceli, M., Moreno, Q., Orlando, S., Pikuz, S., Ribeyre, X., Starodubtsev, M., Zemskov, R., Fuchs, J., A. Fazzini, W. Yao, K. Burdonov, J. B??ard, S. N. Chen, A. Ciardi, E. d???Humi??re, R. Diab, E. D. Filippov, S. Kisyov, V. Lelasseux, M. Miceli, Q. Moreno, S. Orlando, S. Pikuz, X. Ribeyre, M. Starodubtsev, R. Zemskov, J. Fuchs, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, shock waves, interplanetary medium, Physics - Plasma Physics, acceleration of particles
Abstract

Context. Colliding collisionless shocks appear across a broad variety of astrophysical phenomena and are thought to be possible sources of particle acceleration in the Universe. Aims. The main goal of our experimental and computational work is to understand the effect of the interpenetration between two subcritical collisionless shocks on particle energization. Methods. To investigate the detailed dynamics of this phenomenon, we performed a dedicated laboratory experiment. We generated two counter-streaming subcritical collisionless magnetized shocks by irradiating two Teflon (C2F4) targets with 100 J, 1 ns laser beams on the LULI2000 laser facility. The interaction region between the plasma flows was pre-filled with a low-density background hydrogen plasma and initialized with an externally applied homogeneous magnetic field perpendicular to the shocks. We also modeled the macroscopic evolution of the system via hydrodynamic simulations and the microphysics at play during the interaction via particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Results. Here, we report our measurements of the plasma density and temperature during the formation of the supercritical shocks, their transition to subcritical, and their final interpenetration. We find that in the presence of two shocks, the ambient ions reach energies around 1.5 times of those obtained with single shocks. Both the presence of the downstream zone of the second shock and of the downstream zone common for the two shocks play a role in the different energization: the characteristics of the perpendicular electric fields in the two areas indeed allow for certain particles to continue being accelerated or, at least, to avoid being decelerated. Conclusions. The findings of our laboratory investigation are relevant for our understanding of the energy distribution of high-energy particles that populate the interplanetary space in our solar system and the very local interstellar medium around the heliopause, where observations have indicated evidence of subcritical collisionless shocks that may eventually go on to collide with one another.

Published
2022
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4. Power Scaling for Collimated gamma-Ray Beams Generated by Structured Laser-Irradiated Targets and Its Application to Two-Photon Pair Production

Author

Wang, T., Ribeyre, X., Gong, Z., Jansen, O., D'Humières, E., Stutman, D., Toncian, T., Arefiev, A., Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-17-CE30-0033,TULIMA,Génération de matière-antimatière à partir de la lumière(2017)

Subjects
Engineering, physics.plasm-ph, Physical Sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, physics.app-ph, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], physics.acc-ph
Abstract

Using three-dimensional kinetic simulations, we examine the emission of collimated gamma-ray beams from structured laser-irradiated targets with a pre-filled cylindrical channel. The channel guides the incident laser pulse, enabling generation of a slowly evolving azimuthal plasma magnetic field that serves two key functions: to enhance laser-driven electron acceleration and to induce emission of gamma-rays by the energetic electrons. Our main finding is that the conversion efficiency of the laser energy into a beam of gamma-rays ($5^{\circ}$ opening angle) can be significantly increased without increasing the laser intensity by utilizing channels with an optimal density. The conversion efficiency into multi-MeV photons increases roughly linearly with the incident laser power $P$, as we increase $P$ from 1 PW to 4 PW while keeping the laser peak intensity fixed at $5 \times 10^{22}$ W/cm$^2$. This scaling is achieved by using an optimal range of plasma densities in the channel between 10 and $20 n_{cr}$, where $n_{cr}$ is the classical cutoff density for electromagnetic waves. The corresponding number of photons scales as $P^2$. One application that directly benefits from such a strong scaling is the pair production via two-photon collisions, with the number of generated pairs increasing as $P^4$ at fixed laser intensity.

Published
2020
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5. Collimated gamma-ray beams from structured laser-irradiated targets -- how to increase the efficiency without increasing the laser intensity

Author

Jansen, O., Wang, T., Gong, Z., Ribeyre, X., Emmanuel d'Humières, Stutman, D., Toncian, T., Arefiev, A., Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Applied Physics, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Physics - Plasma Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]
Abstract

Using three-dimensional kinetic simulations, we examine the emission of collimated gamma-ray beams from structured laser-irradiated targets with a pre-filled cylindrical channel. The channel guides the incident laser pulse, enabling generation of a slowly evolving azimuthal plasma magnetic field that serves two key functions: to enhance laser-driven electron acceleration and to induce emission of gamma-rays by the energetic electrons. Our main finding is that the conversion efficiency of the laser energy into a beam of gamma-rays ($5^{\circ}$ opening angle) can be significantly increased without increasing the laser intensity by utilizing channels with an optimal density. The conversion efficiency into multi-MeV photons increases roughly linearly with the incident laser power $P$, as we increase $P$ from 1 PW to 4 PW while keeping the laser peak intensity fixed at $5 \times 10^{22}$ W/cm$^2$. This scaling is achieved by using an optimal range of plasma densities in the channel between 10 and $20 n_{cr}$, where $n_{cr}$ is the classical cutoff density for electromagnetic waves. The corresponding number of photons scales as $P^2$. One application that directly benefits from such a strong scaling is the pair production via two-photon collisions, with the number of generated pairs increasing as $P^4$ at fixed laser intensity., Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures

Published
2020

6. Power Scaling for Collimated γ-Ray Beams Generated by Structured Laser-Irradiated Targets and Its Application to Two-Photon Pair Production

Author

Wang, T, Ribeyre, X, Gong, Z, Jansen, O, d’Humières, E, Stutman, D, Toncian, T, and Arefiev, A

Subjects
Engineering, Affordable and Clean Energy, physics.plasm-ph, Physical Sciences, physics.app-ph, physics.acc-ph
Abstract

Using three-dimensional kinetic simulations, we examine the emission of collimated gamma-ray beams from structured laser-irradiated targets with a pre-filled cylindrical channel. The channel guides the incident laser pulse, enabling generation of a slowly evolving azimuthal plasma magnetic field that serves two key functions: to enhance laser-driven electron acceleration and to induce emission of gamma-rays by the energetic electrons. Our main finding is that the conversion efficiency of the laser energy into a beam of gamma-rays ($5^{\circ}$ opening angle) can be significantly increased without increasing the laser intensity by utilizing channels with an optimal density. The conversion efficiency into multi-MeV photons increases roughly linearly with the incident laser power $P$, as we increase $P$ from 1 PW to 4 PW while keeping the laser peak intensity fixed at $5 \times 10^{22}$ W/cm$^2$. This scaling is achieved by using an optimal range of plasma densities in the channel between 10 and $20 n_{cr}$, where $n_{cr}$ is the classical cutoff density for electromagnetic waves. The corresponding number of photons scales as $P^2$. One application that directly benefits from such a strong scaling is the pair production via two-photon collisions, with the number of generated pairs increasing as $P^4$ at fixed laser intensity.

Published
2020

7. Effect of differential cross section in Breit-Wheeler pair beaming

Author

Ribeyre, X, Dhumières, E, Jequier, S., Tikhonchuk, V., Université de Bordeaux (UB), and ANR: TULIMA,ANR-17-CE30-0033-01

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Breit-Wheeler process, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Active Galactic Nuclei, pair electron-positron, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma-ray sources, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The pair beaming in the Breit-Wheeler (BW) process is investigated. We examine the effect of the BW differential cross section on pair angular and energy distributions. Although, this study is relevant for laser induced intense gamma-ray source collisions experiments, we apply the pair beaming in astrophysical context, in particular for Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN)., Comment: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, IOP Publishing, A Para{\^i}tre

Published
2018
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8. Pair creation in collision ofγ-ray beams produced with high-intensity lasers

Author

Ribeyre, X., d'Humières, E., Jansen, O., Jequier, S., Tikhonchuk, V. T., and Lobet, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Direct production of electron-positron pairs in two-photon collisions, the Breit-Wheeler process, is one of the basic processes in the universe. However, it has never been directly observed in the laboratory because of the absence of the intense γ -ray sources. Laser-induced synchrotron sources emission may open a way to observe this process. The feasibility of an experimental setup using a MeV photon source is studied in this paper. We compare several γ -ray sources and estimate the expected number of electron-positron pairs and competing processes by using numerical simulations including quantum electrodynamic effects.

Published
2016

9. The preplasma effect on the properties of the shock wave driven by a fast electron beam

Author

Llor Aisa, E., Ribeyre, X., Gus'kov, S. Yu., and Tikhonchuk, V. T.

Subjects
Shock wave, Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Atmospheric-pressure plasma, Electron, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Shock (mechanics), 0103 physical sciences, Cathode ray, Electromagnetic electron wave, Area density, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Strong shock wave generation by a mono-energetic fast electron beam in a plasma with an increasing density profile is studied theoretically. The proposed analytical model describes the shock wave characteristics for a homogeneous plasma preceded by a low density precursor. The shock pressure and the time of shock formation depend on the ratio of the electron stopping length to the preplasma areal density and on the initial energy of injected electrons. The conclusions of theoretical model are confirmed in numerical simulations.

Published
2016
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10. New opacity measurement principle for LMJ-PETAL laser facility

Author

Pennec, M. Le, Ribeyre, X., Ducret, J. -E., and Turck-Chi��ze, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

Stellar seismology reveals some interior properties of thousands of solar-type stars but the solar seismic sound speed stays puzzling since a decade as it disagrees with the Standard Solar Model (SSM) prediction. One of the explanations of this disagreement may be found in the treatment of the transport of radiation from the solar core to the surface. As the same framework is used for other stars, it is important to check precisely the reliability of the interacting cross sections of photons with each species in order to ensure the energy transport for temperature T > 2 - 10$^6$ K and density $��$ > 0.2 g/cm$^3$. In this paper, we propose a new technique to reach the domain of temperature and density found in the solar radiative interior. This technique called the Double Ablation Front (DAF) is based on a high conversion of the laser energy into X-rays thanks to moderated Z material irradiated by laser intensity between 1.5 $\times$ 10$^{15}$ W/cm$^2$ and 4 $\times$ 10$^{15}$ W/cm$^2$. This high conversion creates, in addition to the electronic front a second ablation front in the moderated Z material. Between the two fronts there is a plateau of density and temperature that we exploit to heat a sample of iron or of oxide. The first simulations realized with the hydrodynamic code CHIC show that this technique allows to reach conditions equivalent to half the radiative zone of the Sun with high stability both in time and space. We examine the possibility to measure both iron and oxygen absorption spectra.

Published
2015

11. Pair creation in collision of $��$--ray beams produced with high intensity lasers

Author

Ribeyre, X., Lobet, M., D'Humi��res, E., Jansen, O., Jequier, S., and Tikhonchuk, V. T.

Subjects
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract

Direct production of electron--positron pairs in two photon collisions, the Breit--Wheeler process, is one of the basic processes in the Universe. However, it has never been observed in laboratory because of absence of the intense gamma-ray sources. Laser induced synchrotron sources emission may open for the first time a way to observe this process. A feasibility of an experimental set--up using a MeV photon source is studied in this paper. We compare several $��$--ray sources, estimate the expected number of electron--positron pairs and competing processes by using numerical simulations including quantum electrodynamic effects.

Published
2015
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14. Laser-plasma coupling in the shock-ignition intensity regime

Author

Antonelli, L., Batani, D., Patria, A., Ciricosta, O., Cecchetti, C. A., Koester, P., Labate, L., Giulietti, A., Gizzi, L. A., Moretti, A., Richetta, M., Giuffrida, L., Torrisi Lorenzo, Kozlová, M., Nejdl, J., Sawicka, M., Margarone, D., Rus, B., Schurtz, G., Ribeyre, X., Lafon, M., Spindloe, C., and O, T.

Subjects
X-ray deflectometry, Mechanics of Materials, X-ray deflectometr, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Inertial confinement fusion, Laser-driven shock, Parametric instabilities, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Inertial confinement fusion, parametric instabilities, Inertial confinement fusion, Laser-driven shock, parametric instabilities, X-ray deflectometr
Abstract

A novel approach to ICF called shock ignition, that relies on delivery of a very strong shock created by a laser pulse at intensities around 10 16 W cm-2, is investigated. In this context, an experiment using two beams from the Prague Asterix Laser System with time duration of 300 ps was performed at the PALS laboratory. The first beam at low intensity was used to create extended preformed plasma, and the second one to create a strong shock. Several diagnostics were used to characterize the preformed plasma and the interaction of the main pulse with the target. © 2011 Institute of Thermomechanics AS CR, v.v.i.

Published
2011

15. High-gain shock ignition on the National Ignition Facility

Author

Perkins, L. J., Lafortune, K., Bailey, D., Lambert, M., Mackinnon, A., Blackfield, D., Comley, A., Schurtz, G., Ribeyre, X., Lebel, E., Casner, A., Craxton, R. S., Betti, R., Mckenty, P., Anderson, K., Theobald, W., Schmitt, A., Atzeni, Stefano, and Schiavi, Angelo

Published
2010

16. High-power laser-induced fast electron transport in solid targets and in laser-induced shock compressed plasmas

Author

Santos, J, Batani, D, Baton, S, Debayle, A, Koenig, M, Nicolai, P, Perez, F, Vauzour, B, Beg, F, Benedetti, C, Benocci, R, Brambrink, E, Carpeggiani, P, Chawla, S, Coury, M, Dorchies, F, Dubrouil, A, Fourment, C, Galimberti, M, Gizzi, L, Gremillet, L, Heathcote, R, Higginson, D, Honrubia, J, Hulin, S, Dhumieres, E, Jafer, R, Jarrot, L, Labate, L, Lancaster, K, Koester, P, Mackinnon, A, Malka, V, Manclossi, M, Mckenna, P, Mcphee, A, Nazarov, W, Pasley, J, Quinn, M, Ramis, R, Ravasio, A, Regan, C, Rhee, Y, Ribeyre, X, Richetta, M, Schlenvoigt, H, Schurtz, G, Sgattoni, A, Tikhonchuk, V, Vaisseau, X, Veltcheva, M, Volpe, L, and Yahia, V

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2010

17. Magnetically-guided fast electrons in cylindrically-compressed matter

Author

Vauzour, B, Santos, Jj, Batani, D, Baton, S, Koenig, M, Nicolai, P, Perez, F, Beg, F, Benedetti, C, Benocci, R, Brambrink, E, Chawla, S, Coury, M, Dorchies, F, Fourment, C, Galimberti, M, Gizzi, L, Heathcote, R, Higginson, D, Honrubia, J, Hulin, S, Jafer, R, Jarrot, L, Labate, L, Lancaster, K, Koester, P, Mackinnon, A, Mckenna, P, Mcphee, Ag, Nazarov, W, Pasdley, J, Ramis, R, Rhee, Y, Regan, C, Ribeyre, X, Richetta, M, Serres, F, Schlenvoigt, Hp, Schurtz, G, Scgattoni, A, Splindoe, C, Vaissea, X, Volpe, L, and Yahia, V

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2010

18. Laser-plasma coupling in the shock-ignition intensity regime Part 1

Author

Batani, D, Antonelli, L, Patria, A, Ciricosta, O, Cecchetti, C, Koester, P, Labate, L, Giulietti, A, Gizzi, L, Moretti, A, Richetta, M, Torrisi, L, Kozlova, M, Marangone, D, Nejdl, J, Schurtz, G, Ribeyre, X, Lafon, M, Splindoe, C, and Odell, T

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2010

19. Laser-plasma coupling in the shock- ignition intensity regime

Author

Batani, D, Antonelle, L, Patria, A, Ciricosta, O, Cecchetti, C, Koester, P, Labate, L, Giulietti, A, Gizzi, L, Moretti, A, Richetta, M, Giuffrida, L, Torrisi, Kozlov, M, Nejdl, N, Sawicka, M, Margarone, D, Rus, B, Schurtz, G, Ribeyre, X, Lafon, M, Splindoe, C, and Odell, T

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2010

20. Experiments on fast electron generation in laser-induced shock compressed plasmas performed in the framework of the hiper project

Author

Batani, D, Santos, J, Baton, S, Koenig, M, Nicolai, P, Perez, F, Vauzour, B, Beg, Fn, Benedetti, C, Benocci, R, Bambrink, E, Carpeggiani, P, Chawla, S, Coury, M, Debayle, A, Dorchies, F, Dubrouil, A, Fourment, C, Galimberti, M, Gizzi, La, Gremillet, L, Heathcot, R, Higginson, Dp, Honrubia, Jj, Hulin, S, Dumieres, E, Huret, L, Jafer, R, Leconte, L, Koester, P, Mackinnon, Aj, Mckenna, P, A. G., Nazarov, W, Pasley, J, Quinn, Mn, Ramis, R, Rhee, Y, Rabec Le Glohaec, M, Ravasio, A, Regan, C, Ribeyre, X, Richetta, M, Serres, F, Schlevoigt, Hp, Schurtz, G, Sgattoni, A, Spindloe, C, Tikhonchuk, Vt, Tolley, M, Vaisseau, X, Veltcheva, M, Volpe, L, and Yahia, V

Subjects
Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale
Published
2010

21. Fast ignitor studies for HiPER

Author

Atzeni, Stefano, Bellei, C, Davies, J. R., Evans, R. G., Honrubia, J. J., Nicolai, Ph, Ribeyre, X, Schurtz, G, Schiavi, Angelo, Badziak, J, MEYER TER VEHN, J, Olazabal, M, Silva, L, and Sorasio, G.

Published
2008

22. HiPER : technical background and conceptual design report 2007

Author

Dunne, AM, Alexander, N, Amiranoff, F, Auger, P, Atzeni, S, Azechi, H, Bagnoud, V, Balcou, P, Badziak, J, Batani, D, Bellei, C, Besnard, D, Bingham, Robert, Breil, J, Borghesi, M, Borneis, S, Caruso, A, Chanteloup, JC, Clarke, RJ, Collier, JL, Davies, Dufour, J-P, Estrailler, P, Evans, RL, Fajardo, M, Fedosejevs, R, Figueria, G, Fils, J, Feugeas, JL, Galimberti, M, Gauthier, J-C, Giulietti, A, Gizzi, LA, Goodin, D, Gregori, G, Gus'kov, S, Hallo, L, Hermandez-Gomez, C, Hoffman, D, Honrubia, J, Jacquemot, S, Key, M H, Kilkenny, J, Kingham, R, Koenig, M, Kovacs, F, McEvoy, A, McKenna, P, Mendonca, J T, Meyer-Ter-Vehn, J, Mima, K, Morou, G, Moustazis, S, Najmudin, Z, Nickles, P, Neely, D, Norreys, P A, Olazabal, M, Offenberger, A, Papodogianis, N, Perlado, JM, Ramirez, J, Ramis, R, Rhee, Y, Ribeyre, X, Robinson, APL, Rohlena, K, Rose, S, Roth, M, Rouyer, C, Rulliere, C, Rus, B, Sandner, W, Schiavi, A, Schurtz, G, Sergeev, A, Sherlock, M, Silva, L, Smith, R, Sorasio, G, Strangio, C, Takabe, H, Tatarakis, M, Tikhonchuk, V, Tolley, M, Vaselli, M, Velarde, P, Winstone, TB, Witte, K, Wolowski, J, Woolsey, N, Wyborn, B E, Zepf, M, and Zhang, J

Published
2007
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24. An experimental study of laser-plasma coupling in a shock-ignition relevant regime

Author

Gizzi, L. A., Antonelli, L., Atzeni, S., Badziak, J., Cecchetti, C., Chodukowski, T., Dubzak, R., Giuffrida, L., Kalinowska, Z., Koester, P., Kozlová, M., Krousky, E., Krus, M., Labate, L., Levato, T., Margarone, D., Marocchino, A., Moretti, A., Nejdl, J., O, T., Patria, A., Pisarczyk, T., Renner, O., Ribeyre, X., MARIA RICHETTA, Rosinski, M., Rus, B., Sawicka, M., Skala, J., Schiavi, A., Schurtz, G., Smid, M., Spindloe, C., Ullshimied, J., Wolowski, J., and Batani, D.

Subjects
Laser plasma interaction, laser-driven shock waves, parametric instabilities, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Laser plasma interaction, parametric instabilities, laser-driven shock waves

25. Detailed characterization of laboratory magnetized super-critical collisionless shock and of the associated proton energization

Author

W. Yao, A. Fazzini, S. N. Chen, K. Burdonov, P. Antici, J. Béard, S. Bolaños, A. Ciardi, R. Diab, E. D. Filippov, S. Kisyov, V. Lelasseux, M. Miceli, Q. Moreno, V. Nastasa, S. Orlando, S. Pikuz, D. C. Popescu, G. Revet, X. Ribeyre, E. d’Humières, J. Fuchs, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, IAP, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603155, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications - INRS (EMT-INRS), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the RAS (JIHT), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo (OAPa), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences (FZU / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Moscow State Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Yao W., Fazzini A., Chen S.N., Burdonov K., Antici P., Beard J., Bolanos S., Ciardi A., Diab R., Filippov E.D., Kisyov S., Lelasseux V., Miceli M., Moreno Q., Nastasa V., Orlando S., Pikuz S., Popescu D.C., Revet G., Ribeyre X., D'Humieres E., and Fuchs J.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, magnetic field, QC770-798, shock waves, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Physics - Plasma Physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous in the Universe and are held responsible for the production of nonthermal particles and high-energy radiation. In the absence of particle collisions in the system, theory shows that the interaction of an expanding plasma with a pre-existing electromagnetic structure (as in our case) is able to induce energy dissipation and allow shock formation. Shock formation can alternatively take place when two plasmas interact, through microscopic instabilities inducing electromagnetic fields that are able in turn to mediate energy dissipation and shock formation. Using our platform in which we couple a rapidly expanding plasma induced by high-power lasers (JLF/Titan at LLNL and LULI2000) with high-strength magnetic fields, we have investigated the generation of a magnetized collisionless shock and the associated particle energization. We have characterized the shock as being collisionless and supercritical. We report here on measurements of the plasma density and temperature, the electromagnetic field structures, and the particle energization in the experiments, under various conditions of ambient plasma and magnetic field. We have also modeled the formation of the shocks using macroscopic hydrodynamic simulations and the associated particle acceleration using kinetic particle-in-cell simulations. As a companion paper to Yao et al. [Nat. Phys. 17, 1177–1182 (2021)], here we show additional results of the experiments and simulations, providing more information to allow their reproduction and to demonstrate the robustness of our interpretation of the proton energization mechanism as being shock surfing acceleration.

Published
2022
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26. Laboratory evidence for proton energization by collisionless shock surfing

Author

G. Revet, K. Burdonov, J. Béard, A. Fazzini, E. D. Filippov, S. Bolaños, Julien Fuchs, V. Lelasseux, S. A. Pikuz, D. C. Popescu, Salvatore Orlando, W. P. Yao, V. Nastasa, Patrizio Antici, Andrea Ciardi, S. Kisyov, Quentin Moreno, Marco Miceli, Xavier Ribeyre, Emmanuel d'Humières, R. Diab, Sophia Chen, Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITA, FRA, CAN, CZE, ROU, RUS, Yao W., Fazzini A., Chen S.N., Burdonov K., Antici P., Beard J., Bolanos S., Ciardi A., Diab R., Filippov E.D., Kisyov S., Lelasseux V., Miceli M., Moreno Q., Nastasa V., Orlando S., Pikuz S., Popescu D.C., Revet G., Ribeyre X., d'Humieres E., Fuchs J., Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Shock wave, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Acceleration, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Bow shock (aerodynamics), 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Mechanics, plasmas, Physics - Plasma Physics, Charged particle, Computer Science::Computers and Society, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Magnetic field, Shock (mechanics), Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Supernova, 13. Climate action, Physics::Space Physics, Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Charged particles can be accelerated to high energies by collisionless shock waves in astrophysical environments, such as supernova remnants. By interacting with the magnetized ambient medium, these shocks can transfer energy to particles. Despite increasing efforts in the characterization of these shocks from satellite measurements at Earth’s bow shock as well as powerful numerical simulations, the underlying acceleration mechanism or a combination thereof is still widely debated. Here we show that astrophysically relevant super-critical quasi-perpendicular magnetized collisionless shocks can be produced and characterized in the laboratory. We observe the characteristics of super-criticality in the shock profile as well as the energization of protons picked up from the ambient gas to hundreds of kiloelectronvolts. Kinetic simulations modelling the laboratory experiment identified shock surfing as the proton acceleration mechanism. Our observations not only provide direct evidence of early-stage ion energization by collisionless shocks but also highlight the role played by this particular mechanism in energizing ambient ions to feed further stages of acceleration. Furthermore, our results open the door to future laboratory experiments investigating the possible transition to other mechanisms, when increasing the magnetic field strength, or the effect that induced shock front ripples could have on acceleration processes. Proton acceleration by a super-critical collisionless shock is observed in laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations suggest shock surfing as the underlying acceleration mechanism.

Published
2021
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27. The HiPER project for inertial confinement fusion and some experimental results on advanced ignition schemes

Author

C. Fourment, Jaroslav Nejdl, Bedřich Rus, D. Neely, B. Vauzour, F. Perez, Laurent Gremillet, John Pasley, C. Spindloe, Jerzy Wolowski, S. D. Baton, S. Hulin, Michaela Kozlova, Petra Koester, Xavier Ribeyre, Dimitri Batani, M. Koenig, Kate Lancaster, Maria Richetta, Luca Volpe, J. J. Santos, Luca Antonelli, Alessio Morace, Philippe Nicolai, Wigen Nazarov, L. Labate, L. A. Gizzi, J. J. Honrubia, Guy Schurtz, Fabien Dorchies, M. Tolley, Jan Badziak, Batani, D, Koenig, M, Baton, S, Perez, F, Gizzi, L, Koester, P, Labate, L, Honrubia, J, Antonelli, L, Morace, A, Volpe, L, Santos, J, Schurtz, G, Hulin, S, Ribeyre, X, Fourment, C, Nicolai, P, Vauzour, B, Gremillet, L, Nazarov, W, Pasley, J, Richetta, M, Lancaster, K, Spindloe, C, Tolley, M, Neely, D, Kozlová, M, Nejdl, J, Rus, B, Wolowski, J, Badziak, J, Dorchies, F, Dipartimento di Fisica 'Giuseppe Occhialini' = Department of Physics 'Giuseppe Occhialini' [Milano-Bicocca], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Critical Care Department, Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory–IPCF, Area della Ricerca CNR, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Biomécanique et génie biomédical (BIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Pôle Fromager AOP du Massif Central, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of St Andrews [Scotland], STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Institute of Physics [Prague], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Institute of Physics (PALS), Department of X Ray Lasers, institute of physics PALS center, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Shock wave, Nuclear engineering, Laser, Condensed Matter Physic, fast ignition, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, HiPER, 010306 general physics, Inertial confinement fusion, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, facility, plasma physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Condensed Matter Physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Nova (laser), Plasma, Shock (mechanics), Ignition system, Atomic physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

This paper presents the goals and some of the results of experiments conducted within the Working Package 10 (Fusion Experimental Programme) of the HiPER Project. These experiments concern the study of the physics connected to 'advanced ignition schemes', i.e. the fast ignition and the shock ignition approaches to inertial fusion. Such schemes are aimed at achieving a higher gain, as compared with the classical approach which is used in NIF, as required for future reactors, and make fusion possible with smaller facilities. In particular, a series of experiments related to fast ignition were performed at the RAL (UK) and LULI (France) Laboratories and studied the propagation of fast electrons (created by a short-pulse ultra-high-intensity beam) in compressed matter, created either by cylindrical implosions or by compression of planar targets by (planar) laser-driven shock waves. A more recent experiment was performed at PALS and investigated the laser-plasma coupling in the 10 16 W cm -2 intensity regime of interest for shock ignition. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2011
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28. Experimental study of fast electron propagation in compressed matter

Author

F. Serres, R. Heathcote, C. Fourment, Marco Galimberti, Drew Higginson, V. Yahia, A. McPhee, P. Köster, Andrea Sgattoni, Wigen Nazarov, Kate Lancaster, B. Vauzour, J. J. Santos, Yongjoo Rhee, Carlo Benedetti, L. A. Gizzi, John Pasley, L. C. Jarrot, S. Hulin, Rafael Ramis, Xavier Ribeyre, Roberto Benocci, Guy Schurtz, Fabien Dorchies, Paul McKenna, C. Regan, S. Chawla, R. Jafer, J. J. Honrubia, F. N. Beg, Erik Brambrink, M. Coury, Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt, X. Vaisseau, F. Perez, L. Labate, A. J. Mackinnon, M. Koenig, Maria Richetta, Christopher Spindloe, Luca Volpe, Dimitri Batani, Ph. Nicolaï, S. D. Baton, International Institute of Clinical Studies, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory–IPCF, Area della Ricerca CNR, Central Laser Facility (CLF), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Pôle Fromager AOP du Massif Central, Dipartimento di Fisica 'Giuseppe Occhialini' = Department of Physics 'Giuseppe Occhialini' [Milano-Bicocca], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), SUPA, Department of Physics (SUPA), University of Strathclyde [Glasgow], University of St Andrews [Scotland], Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Energia [Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Critical Care Department, Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Vauzour, B, Santos, J, Batani, D, Baton, S, Koenig, M, Nicolaï, P, Perez, F, Beg, F, Benedetti, C, Benocci, R, Brambrink, E, Chawla, S, Coury, M, Dorchies, F, Fourment, C, Galimberti, G, Gizzi, L, Heathcote, R, Higginson, D, Honrubia, J, Hulin, S, Jafer, R, Jarrot, L, Labate, L, Lancaster, K, Köster, P, Mackinnon, A, Mckenna, P, Mcphee, A, Nazarov, W, Pasley, J, Ramis, R, Rhee, Y, Regan, C, Ribeyre, X, Richetta, M, Serres, F, Schlenvoigt, H, Schurtz, G, Sgattoni, A, Spindloe, C, Vaisseau, X, Volpe, L, and Yahia, V

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, proton radiography, Proton, Electron, fast ignition, 01 natural sciences, hydrodynamic simulations, 010305 fluids & plasmas, x-ray radiography, 0103 physical sciences, compression, electron transport, hydrodynamic simulations,Physics, Instrumentation, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cylinder, Area density, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), Hydrodynamic simulation, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Plasma, Cathode ray, Atomic number, Atomic physics
Abstract

We report on experimental results of the fast electron transport in compressed plasmas, created by laser-induced shock propagation in both cylindrical and planar geometry. Two experiments were carried out. The first one was based on the compression of a polyimide cylinder filled with foams of three different initial densities (rho(0)). X-ray and proton radiographies of the target during the compression coupled with hydrodynamic simulations show that the obtained core densities and temperatures range from 2 to 11 g/cm(3) and from 30 to 120 eV, respectively. By studying the K-shell fluorescence from dopant atoms inside the target and from tracer layers situated at both front and rear side of the target it has been possible to investigate the fast electron propagation. The results show that Cu K(alpha) yield emitted by the target rear side foil decreases with increasing compression, independently of rho(0). An electron collimation can also be observed for certain experimental conditions where a convergent resistivity gradient interacts with the fast electron beam. The second experiment was performed in a planar geometry with a compressing shock counter-propagative to the fast electron beam. In this case the areal density rho z seen by the electrons is constant during the compression in such a way that changes in the fast electron range should be ascribed to collective mechanisms. The study of the K(alpha) fluorescence, from buried fluorescent layers of different atomic numbers, shows that the electrons with energy

Published
2010
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29. Laser-driven cylindrical compression of targets for fast electron transport study in warm and dense plasmas

Author

J. J. Santos, B. Vauzour, Andrea Sgattoni, Carlo Benedetti, D. Batani, R. Heathcote, C. Fourment, Wigen Nazarov, Drew Higginson, Marco Galimberti, R. Jafer, F. N. Beg, S. Hulin, Kate Lancaster, P. Köster, John Pasley, Guy Schurtz, Fabien Dorchies, C. Regan, Erik Brambrink, S. Chawla, Andrew MacPhee, F. Perez, Xavier Ribeyre, L. A. Gizzi, L. Labate, A. J. Mackinnon, Maria Richetta, Luca Volpe, Ph. Nicolaï, S. D. Baton, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Critical Care Department, Hospital de Sabadell, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Dipartimento di Fisica 'Giuseppe Occhialini' = Department of Physics 'Giuseppe Occhialini' [Milano-Bicocca], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Institute of Clinical Studies, Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory–IPCF, Area della Ricerca CNR, Central Laser Facility (CLF), STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)-Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Pôle Fromager AOP du Massif Central, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of St Andrews [Scotland], Dipartimento di Energia [Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Vauzour, B, Pérez, F, Volpe, L, Lancaster, K, Nicola, P, Batani, D, Baton, S, Beg, F, Benedetti, C, Brambrink, E, Chawla, S, Dorchies, F, Fourment, C, Galimberti, G, Gizzi, L, Heathcote, R, Higginson, D, Hulin, S, Jafer, R, Kster, P, Labate, L, Mackinnon, A, Macphee, A, Nazarov, W, Pasley, J, Regan, C, Ribeyre, X, Richetta, M, Schurtz, G, Sgattoni, A, and Santos, J

Subjects
plasma density, Plasma parameters, ignition, plasma diagnostics, plasma light propagation, plasma temperature, plasma transport processes, relativistic plasmas, Context (language use), Electron, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, HiPER, FAST IGNITION, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, CRYSTALS, Electron temperature, Plasma diagnostics, PENETRATION, Atomic physics, MATTER
Abstract

Fast ignition requires a precise knowledge of fast electron propagation in a dense hydrogen plasma. In this context, a dedicated HiPER (High Power laser Energy Research) experiment was performed on the VULCAN laser facility where the propagation of relativistic electron beams through cylindrically compressed plastic targets was studied. In this paper, we characterize the plasma parameters such as temperature and density during the compression of cylindrical polyimide shells filled with CH foams at three different initial densities. X-ray and proton radiography were used to measure the cylinder radius at different stages of the compression. By comparing both diagnostics results with 2D hydrodynamic simulations, we could infer densities from 2 to 11 g/cm(3) and temperatures from 30 to 120 eV at maximum compression at the center of targets. According to the initial foam density, kinetic, coupled (sometimes degenerated) plasmas were obtained. The temporal and spatial evolution of the resulting areal densities and electrical conductivities allow for testing electron transport in a wide range of configurations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3578346]

Published
2011
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