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Environment preservation is a common worry not only for people but for companies as well. Industry is more and more concern about the necessity of developing new and more respectful processes. Dye is one of the most important processes in the textile industry but it is also considered as no too safe regarding environment issues. This process uses large amounts of water and generates big volumes of wastewater. Following this issue, new regulations and laws emerge to control the waste generated. This leads to the companies and increased costs in terms of wastewater treatments and high water consumption. In this research we compare two systems on garment finishing application, the conventional bath process and the new Ecofinish system that is able to save water and product. To compare these processes, we carried out a reactive dyeing using both systems in order to determine the quality differences in the final product. For this purpose, the samples have been tested to washing and rubbing fastness, according to UNE EN ISO 105 C10 and UNE- EN ISO 105 X12 standards, respectively. This study confirms that this system achieves water savings and reduces the wastewater produced, getting a good dyeing. This process can be considered as an alternative to the conventional one.

The plants used in Anatolia for centuries have shown diversity due to the differences in the geographical structure of Turkey. This diversity is important for plant dyeing.The aim of this research to dye the cotton, wool and silk fabrics by dyeing fresh and dry leaves of indigo plant used in vegetable dyeing and determine the light, rubbing and washing fastness of the colors obtained from the dyeings. Dyeing prescriptions were prepared for using in the dyeing process of indigo plant. In the dyeing process, 36 dyeing were performed using alum, copper sulfate, iron sulfate, sodium hydrosulfite and sodium hydroxide mordants and also without mordants. Light, rubbing and washing fastness of fabrics were measured and evaluated after dyeing process. Fastness measurements of the colors obtained were carried out in the chemistry department laboratory of Istanbul University Engineering Faculty. Light, washing and rubbing fastnesses of cotton, wool and silk fabrics are available at the desired level and as a result of dyeing process with indigo plant.

Bir havlu kumaş, kullanılabilir hale gelene kadar çok sayıda aşamadan geçer. Pamuktan, iplik oluşumuna, dokuma, sonrada renklendirme, terbiye ve kurutma işlemlerine tabi tutulan havlu kumaşlar bu aşamalarda her türlü değişken faktörlerden etkilenirken bu etkenler neticesinde kumaşın özellikleri belirlenmektedir. Bir havlu kumaştan istenen en belirgin özellikler yumuşak olması (tuşe), suyu iyi derecede absorbe etmesi (hidrofilite değeri), çamaşır makinesinde yıkanırken veya kullanırken maruz kaldığı sürtünmelerde renk akıtmaması (iyi haslık özelliği) gibi değerler başlıca istenilen özellikler arasında yer alır. Buradan yola çıkarak ev tekstilinde ihracatta önemli bir yere sahip Denizli'de üretilen havlu ve bornozluk kumaşların (kumaş konstrüksiyon özellikleri dört farklı olan olan) haslık ve su emicilik özelliklerini araştırmak için deneysel çalışmalar yapılmış ve haslık değerleri araştırılmıştır. A terry cloth, passes through numerous stages until it becomes available. Cotton, yarn formation, weaving, after coloring, finishing, and terry cloth subjected to a drying process is determining the properties of the fabric are affected by such factors as a result of these factors, all kinds of variables in this stage. The most obvious features are soft requested from a terry cloth (touch), a good degree of absorption of water (water absorbency value), bathing or using exposure to the color drain to the friction in the washing machine (good fastness values) as values are among the main desired features.To conclude home textile exports in an important place with Denizli produced towels and toweling fabric (fabric construction features that the four) experimental studies to investigate the fastness and water absorption properties made and fastness were investigated. 92

In order to solve the poor rubbing fastness of dyed cotton fiber in the indigo/silicon non-aqueous dyeing system, the process parameters of the silicon non-aqueous dyeing system were optimized. Dyed cotton fiber was post-treated to achieve the optimum dyeing conditions for obtaining a better rubbing fastness. Meanwhile, the dyeing performance of cotton fiber in a traditional water bath and silicon non-aqueous dyeing system was compared. The results showed that the rubbing fastness of dyed cotton fiber in the silicon non-aqueous dyeing system (one dyeing) was lower than that of traditional water bath (twelve cycles), although the color depth of dyed cotton fiber was deeper. For obtaining a good rubbing fastness, the optimum temperature was about 70 &deg, C and the optimal dyeing cycle was one. Moreover, fixing agents can significantly improve the rubbing fastness of dyed cotton fiber. Especially, cationic waterborne polyurethane had an optimal fixing effect on the dyed cotton fiber. Soft finishing would weaken the effect of fixing finishing on the dyed cotton fiber, but the softener can significantly improve the handle of dyed cotton fiber.

Silicone softeners make fabric not only softer, brighterd slippery but also more elastic in order to produce desirable handle. In this paper, the affect of silicone softeners on some mechanical and functional properties of knitted regenerated (viscose, modal, Viloft®, micromodal, lyocell and bamboo) fabrics were assessed. For this purpose, commercially used silicone softeners with three different particle sizes (macro, semi-macro, micro) were applied on these fabrics by a continuous methodin identical conditions. The impact of using different softeners on the weight, thickness, pilling resistance, wet and dry rubbing fastness, total colour change and air permeability of these fabrics were investigated. Results revealed that the highest colour efficiency is obtained from lyocell fabrics. Silicone softener application increased the pilling performance of regenerated cellulose fabrics but had no affect on the wet and dry rubbing color fastness. It was found that the application of softeners has a significant affect on air permeability with respect to untreated fabrics. © 2015 Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibres. All rights reserved.

Walnut, sumac, pomegranate, madder and oak are plants widely used in natural dying. In order to measure fastness degree of wool dyed with these plants, dying were made by using mordant of alum. So, plant organs crushed at the weight of 25%, 50%, 100% and 200% of wool weight were used. Dark colors were determined at all samples with which plant two times of wool weight were used. However, as dye concentration increased, rubbing and washing fastness in wools decreased; whereas wet water dropping fastness increased. Dry water dropping fastness obtained from all concentration were found to be high (4-5).