Search

Purpose To evaluate and compare different surgical approaches for the treatment of Helveston syndrome and provide further information for preoperative planning. Methods From February 2008 to December 2018, data of 52 patients with Helveston syndrome were retrospectively reviewed. Different surgical approaches were selected based on the extent of A-pattern exotropia, dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), and both superior oblique muscle overaction (SOOA) with fundus photograph intorsion. Eye position, A-pattern, DVD, superior oblique muscle function, and binocular vision function were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. The average follow-up duration was 20.5 months. Results Nine cases underwent simultaneous horizontal deviation correction with bilateral superior rectus recession, 24 underwent simultaneous horizontal deviation correction with bilateral superior oblique muscle lengthening, and 19 underwent two stages of horizontal deviation correction with superior oblique muscle lengthening, and later bilateral superior rectus recession. A-pattern, DVD, SOOA, and fundus intorsion were all collapsed in all patients postoperatively. Forty-five patients had an orthophoric eye position with considerably aligned ocular movements postoperatively. The total success rate was 86.5%. Postoperatively, eight of the 10 patients with diplopia experienced a recovery of binocular single vision and three had a recovery of rudimentary stereopsis (Titmus 3000–400 s of arc). The compensatory head posture of patients improved significantly postoperatively. Conclusions The surgical planning of Helveston syndrome should be designed based on the degree of the A-pattern, SOOA, DVD, and the intorsion in fundus photographs, and the appropriate approach should be selected to improve patient satisfaction.

Background: Tobacco use among university students remains the most alarming problem worldwide. This study aims to systematically review the previous literature for determining the prevalence of smoking (cigarette and waterpipe) among university students in some Arab countries. Methods: We electronically searched articles from MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Google for the period from April 2018 to June 2019. We conducted a systematic review of eligible studies published in English between 2006 and 2019, for assessing cigarette and waterpipe smoking among university students. The studies were all cross-sectional according to eligibility criteria and contained 469 studies19 meet the inclusion criteria from 12 countries of (Yemen, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, Lebanon, Tunisia, Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Libya and United Arab Emirates (UAE). Results: the study included a total of participants (N=45,306) (33,450 Males vs 11,856 Females). The overall highest rate of current smoking among students was in Egypt (46.7%), Kuwait (46%) and KSA (42.3%). The smoking prevalence among males was significantly higher than females in Yemen (36.3% vs 28.0%,p

Background: To assess the refractive status of cataract patients with extreme myopia and to measure their accommodative capability after monofocal IOL implantation. Design: Prospective non-randomized study conducted at Tianjin Medical University Eye Centre. Participants: 18 patients with 34 extreme myopic eyes (≥-10 Diopter, ≥27mm axial length), and 14 patients with 27 non-myopic eyes that had uneventful phacoemulsification and monofocal IOL implantation. Methods: The accommodation amplitude of the two groups was compared pre- and post-operatively using subjective minus-lenses-to-blur method. In the extreme myopic group, the postoperative target refraction was selected to be myopic, and they were evaluated for predicted postoperative spherical power consistency. Extreme myopic eyes anterior chamber depth was measured by pentacam, and axial length was measured by the immersion vector A/B-scan biometry. All measurements were done preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6 months postoperatively. Main Outcome Measures: Predicted spherical power, amplitude of accommodation, anterior chamber depth, axial length. Results: There was a significant difference between pre and postoperative results of Mean predicted spherical power (P=0.001). The differences between pre- and postoperative anterior chamber depth measurements were statistically significant (P=0.001). No significant differences were detected between pre- and postoperative measurements of axial length (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in amplitude of accommodation between the two groups pre or postoperatively ( P＞0.05). Conclusions: The study yielded a hyperopic shift of the predicted postoperative spherical power of extreme myopic eyes. No significant difference was observed between extreme myopic and non-myopic eyes in

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between blood reflux in Schlemm's canal (SC) and the decrease of intraocular pressure (IOP) after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). To verify this, 35 eyes from 25 POAG patients were enrolled. All eyes underwent 360° whole-circle gonioscopy via a three-mirror lens, prior to undergoing 360° SLT. The four quadrants of the examined eye were individually compressed by the lens, and the presence of blood reflux in SC after removal of the pressure was recorded. Eyes with no blood reflux in any quadrant were assigned to the negative group, while the others were assigned to the positive group. Patients were evaluated at baseline, at 1 and 2 weeks, and at 1, 3 and 6 months after SLT. The results indicated that in the reflux-positive (21 eyes) and -negative (14 eyes) group, a significant IOP decrease was seen at 1 and 2 weeks, and at 1 and 3 months after SLT as compared with that pre-SLT IOP (P0.05), while the positive group still exhibited a significant decrease in IOP compared with that at baseline (P

The aim of this study was to determine whether differences exist in oxygen supply to the optic nerve head (ONH) from the retinal and choroidal vascular layers in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) using multispectral imaging (MSI).This ia an observational, cross-sectional study. Multispectral images were acquired from 38 eyes of 19 patients with POAG, and 42 healthy eyes from 21 matched volunteers with Annidis’ RHA multispectral digital ophthalmoscopy. Superficial and deeper oxygen saturation of the optic disc was represented by the mean gray scale values on the retinal and choroidal oxy-deoxy maps, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed to detect differences in ONH oxygen saturation between the 2 groups. Oxygen saturation levels in the eyes of POAG patients with severe glaucoma were compared to those of fellow eyes from the same subjects. Linear correlation analysis was performed to assess the association between ONH oxygen saturation and systemic and ocular parameters. No statistical difference was found in retinal and choroidal oxygen saturation between the POAG and control groups. In the glaucoma patients, retinal oxygen saturation was lower for eyes with worse visual fields than in those with good visual fields (t = 4.009, P = 0.001). In POAG patients, retinal oxygen saturation was dependent on mean defect of visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) (r = 0.511, 0.504, P = 0.001, 0.001, respectively), whereas the choroid vasculature oxygen saturation was inversely related to RNFLT (r = −0.391, P = 0.015). An age-dependent increase in retinal oxygen saturation was found for both the POAG and control groups (r = 0.473, 0.410, P = 0.007, 0.003, respectively). MSI revealed a significant correlation between functional and structural impairments in glaucoma and retinal oxygen saturation. MSI could provide objective assessments of perfusion impairments of the glaucomatous ONH. This is a preliminary indication of the effectiveness of MSI for studying POAG.