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This study investigates unsupervised anomaly action recognition, which identifies video-level abnormal-human-behavior events in an unsupervised manner without abnormal samples, and simultaneously addresses three limitations in the conventional skeleton-based approaches: target domain-dependent DNN training, robustness against skeleton errors, and a lack of normal samples. We present a unified, user prompt-guided zero-shot learning framework using a target domain-independent skeleton feature extractor, which is pretrained on a large-scale action recognition dataset. Particularly, during the training phase using normal samples, the method models the distribution of skeleton features of the normal actions while freezing the weights of the DNNs and estimates the anomaly score using this distribution in the inference phase. Additionally, to increase robustness against skeleton errors, we introduce a DNN architecture inspired by a point cloud deep learning paradigm, which sparsely propagates the features between joints. Furthermore, to prevent the unobserved normal actions from being misidentified as abnormal actions, we incorporate a similarity score between the user prompt embeddings and skeleton features aligned in the common space into the anomaly score, which indirectly supplements normal actions. On two publicly available datasets, we conduct experiments to test the effectiveness of the proposed method with respect to abovementioned limitations., Comment: CVPR 2023

This paper simultaneously addresses three limitations associated with conventional skeleton-based action recognition; skeleton detection and tracking errors, poor variety of the targeted actions, as well as person-wise and frame-wise action recognition. A point cloud deep-learning paradigm is introduced to the action recognition, and a unified framework along with a novel deep neural network architecture called Structured Keypoint Pooling is proposed. The proposed method sparsely aggregates keypoint features in a cascaded manner based on prior knowledge of the data structure (which is inherent in skeletons), such as the instances and frames to which each keypoint belongs, and achieves robustness against input errors. Its less constrained and tracking-free architecture enables time-series keypoints consisting of human skeletons and nonhuman object contours to be efficiently treated as an input 3D point cloud and extends the variety of the targeted action. Furthermore, we propose a Pooling-Switching Trick inspired by Structured Keypoint Pooling. This trick switches the pooling kernels between the training and inference phases to detect person-wise and frame-wise actions in a weakly supervised manner using only video-level action labels. This trick enables our training scheme to naturally introduce novel data augmentation, which mixes multiple point clouds extracted from different videos. In the experiments, we comprehensively verify the effectiveness of the proposed method against the limitations, and the method outperforms state-of-the-art skeleton-based action recognition and spatio-temporal action localization methods., Comment: CVPR 2023

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X221094910 for Anti-skin Aging Activities of Sideritis scardica and 3 Flavonoids With an Uncommon 8-Hydroxyl Moiety by Fumiaki Sato, Chin Piow Wong, Kaito Furuya, Chikako Kuzu, Ryosuke Kimura, Tomoha Udo, Haruno Honda and Jinwei Yang in Natural Product Communications

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X221094910 for Anti-skin Aging Activities of Sideritis scardica and 3 Flavonoids With an Uncommon 8-Hydroxyl Moiety by Fumiaki Sato, Chin Piow Wong, Kaito Furuya, Chikako Kuzu, Ryosuke Kimura, Tomoha Udo, Haruno Honda and Jinwei Yang in Natural Product Communications

Developments of a two directional beam steering electron cyclotron heating/current drive launcher for JT-60SA have been progressed based on a linear motion antenna concept. A full-scale (˜7 m) mock-up of the mirror steering structure with two kinds of bellows structures and an in-vessel support structure has been fabricated and tested in vacuum successfully. The support structure consists of a pair of angular ball bearings made of Si3N4 for rotational motion and a linear guide assembled by a rail and a housing made of non-magnetic stainless steel and Si3N4 balls. Solid lubricant has been used for the linear guide and it results in the improvement of the life time by a factor greater than 10 with respect to the case without lubricant. Considering that the mock-up test results satisfied the requirements for the bellows and support structures (reliable 40 cm linear movement, 105 cycles and angular rotation 30°, 104 cycles), the final design of the launcher is underway targeting the start of its fabrication.

VEGF stimulates endothelial cells as a key molecule in angiogenesis. VEGF also works as a multifunction molecule, which targets a variety of cell members in the tumor microenvironment. We aimed to reveal VEGF‐related molecular mechanisms on breast cancer cells. VEGF‐knocked‐out MDA‐MB‐231 cells (231VEGFKOex3) showed rounded morphology and shorter perimeter (1.6‐fold, p < 0.0001). The 231VEGFKOex3 cells also showed impaired cell migration (2.6‐fold, p = 0.002). Bevacizumab treatment did not induce any change in morphology and mobility. Soluble neuropilin‐1 overexpressing MDA‐MB‐231 cells (231sNRP1) exhibited rounded morphology and shorter perimeter (1.3‐fold, p < 0.0001). The 231sNRP1 cells also showed impaired cell migration (1.7‐fold, p = 0.003). These changes were similar to that of 231VEGFKOex3 cells. As MDA‐MB‐231 cells express almost no VEGFR, these results indicate that the interaction between NRP1 and long isoform of VEGF containing a NRP‐binding domain regulates the morphology and migration ability of MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Genome‐wide gene expression profiling identified ARHGAP17 as one of the target genes in the downstream of the VEGF/NRP1 signal. We also show that VEGF/NRP1 signal controls filopodia formation of the cells by modulating Cdc42 activity via ARHGAP17. Among 1,980 breast cancer cases from a public database, the ratio of VEGF and SEMA3A in primary tumors (n = 450) of hormone‐receptor‐negative breast cancer is associated with ARHGAP17 expression inversely, and with disease free survival. Altogether, the bevacizumab‐independent VEGF/NRP1/ARHGAP17/Cdc42 regulatory network plays important roles in malignant behavior of breast cancer., What's new? Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) acts on endothelial cells to promote blood vessel formation and tumor growth. In breast cancer, VEGF expression is associated with poor prognosis, though its effects on breast cancer cells are not well understood. Here, the long isoform of VEGF (VEGF165) was found to generate a signal through the transmembrane protein neuropilin‐1 (NRP1), without acting on VEGF receptors. ARHGAP17, a RhoGAP family protein that regulates Cdc42 activity and controls filopodia formation and cell migration ability, was identified as a VEGF165 signaling target. The VEGF/NRP1/ARHGAP17 network likely contributes to malignant cell behavior in hormone receptor‐negative breast cancer.

We experimentally and numerically demonstrate, in a straightened loose-tube cable, fiber deformation can induce random mode coupling and the spatial mode dispersion of a coupled multi-core fiber can be suppressed to be 4.2 ps/√km.

Minimum temporal thresholds(Tmin)for discriminating motion direction were measured in various conditions. The results of Experiment 1 showed that Tmin for the change from a stationary pattern to a moving pattern was shorter than that for the abrupt appearance of a moving pattern. The time needed to process the pattern explained this difference. The results of Experiment 2 showed that Tmin for the change from a stationary pattern to a moving pattern was shorter than that for the directional change of a moving pattern. Furthermore,Tmin for discriminating a directional change with a 90 deg difference was shorter than that of 45 and 135 deg. In addition,an anisotropy in discriminating motion direction was observed between oblique-upward and oblique-downward directions. The validity of mathematical models that explain these results was discussed.

A novel multi-core fiber (MCF), having eight cores within a 125-μm-diameter cladding and suitable for short-reach transmissions, is proposed. By optimizing O-band transmission, the proposed MCF realized the high-density core packing simultaneously achieving the optical characteristics comparable to those of the standard single-mode fiber in O-band, where low material dispersion can be leveraged. The standard 125-μm-diameter cladding is compatible with conventional cabling/connecting technologies and has the tightly bendable mechanical reliability proven by the widely installed standard optical fibers. An ultra-high-density 12-MCF cable was fabricated with the proposed MCF, and achieved 13.6 cores/mm2 (96 cores in the 3-mm-diameter cable). The transmission characteristics of the cabled MCF were evaluated using a 100GBASE-LR4 transceiver, and error-free 8-SDM × 4-WDM × 25-Gb/s (800-Gb/s/fiber) signals in O-band were successfully transmitted over the 1.11-km-long cabled MCF.

Development of the ECH/CD system for JT-60SA has been progressed. (i) A full length (~7 m) mock-up of the mirror steering structure of the launcher has been successfully tested in vacuum. The required life without maintenance, which is 105 cycles for the poloidal steering range of 60° and 104 cycles for toroidal beam steering range of 30°, has been achieved. A newly introduced solid lubricant enabled the smooth movement of the steering shaft. (ii) The temperature rise distribution of aluminum waveguides has been measured at high-power of 0.5 MW. It is in the range from 0.2 to 1.2 °C per 1 MJ transmission and acceptable for 1 MW/100 s transmission required in JT-60SA. (iii) The preparation of the JT-60SA ECH/CD system toward first plasma experiment is smoothly progressing by the above results and the successful gyrotron development., 27th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2018)

Developments of a two directional beam steering electron cyclotron heating/current drive launcher for JT-60SA have been progressed based on a linear motion antenna concept. A full-scale (~7m) mock-up of the mirror steering structure with two kinds of bellows structures and an in-vessel support structure has been fabricated and tested in vacuum successfully. The support structure consists of a pair of angular ball bearings made of Si3N4 for rotational motion and a linear guide assembled by a rail and a housing made of non-magnetic stainless steel and Si3N4 balls. Solid lubricant has been used for the linear guide and it results in the improvement of the life time by a factor of greater than 10 with respect to the case without lubricant. Considering that the mock-up test results satisfied the requirements for the bellows and support structures (reliable 40 cm linear movement, 105 cycles and angular rotation 30°, 104 cycles), the final design of the launcher is underway targeting the start of its fabrication., 30th Symposium on Fusion Technology (SOFT 2018)

In JT-60SA (Super Advanced), nine sets of evacuated corrugated waveguide transmission lines (60 – 80 m) will deliver high-power millimeter waves generated by nine sets of multi-frequency gyrotrons (1MW each) to four sets of the launchers. Total injection power of 7 MW into plasma is expected by taking into account the transmission loss of 20 – 25% (including loss in a matching optics unit). Toward start of the first plasma experiment in 2020, fabrication of waveguide components is in progress. The waveguide components of gate-valve, dc-break, torus diamond window and pre-load have been newly designed and fabricated. In addition, two types of pumpout tees with a different gap width (1 mm and 2 mm) and cooling/absorbing structure have been fabricated. In order to evaluate high-power transmission capability of these components, the high-power experiment has been carried out by installing 30 m long test transmission line with seven miterbends in the JT-60SA gyrtron room. It is noted that a newly designed pre-load successfully reduced (20 – 50%) the power deposition on the test waveguide components due to the reflected power from the dummy load. This improvement enabled more clear evaluation of the transmission loss of the tested waveguide components as a simulation of the real situation of the transmission line connected to the tokamak. In this presentation, the detailed measurement results of the cooling water temperature and waveguide surface temperatures is reported., US-EU-Japan RF Heating Technology Workshop

An Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive (ECH/CD) system will be used for many experimental purposes in JT-60SA (Super advanced) such as localized electron heating and current drive, instability control, start-up assist and wall cleaning. In preparation for the first plasma experiment in 2020, the development/preparation of the ECH/CD system components are on-going. Based on the successful result on high-power (1 MW), long-pulse (100 s) transmission during the gyrotron development, the design of the waveguide components was finalized. Then the fabrication of the first set of the waveguide transmission line including torus window, gate valve, dc-break, miterbends, polarizer and vacuum pump out has been started. These components will be delivered by the end of March 2018 and will be tested at high-power in 2018. In addition, it was quantitatively confirmed that the maximum temperature rise of the waveguides near miterbends was 1.2 °C/MJ while the minimum temperature rise was 0.2 °C/MJ at the middle part of 12 m-long straight section of the 40m-long waveguide transmission line with 7 miterbends. Note that the waveguides are non-cooled. Considering the above results, a waveguide cooling jacket was designed and tested at high-power. The final design of the cooling system is on-going by taking into account the above results. In addition to the above progress in the transmission line, R&Ds and design/fabrication/test status of the two dimensional steering launcher, control and power supply was reported., 20th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH)

Loss and crosstalk variations of an indoor multi-core fiber (MCF) cable were evaluated during mechanical and thermal tests. Furthermore, for the first time, the crosstalk of the MCF in the straightened cable was observed. The results demonstrate optical-characteristics robustness of the MCF cable.

Laser microdissection of pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3)-immunostained FFPE specimens. Figure S2. A-B Validation analysis using large public datasets. Figure S3. A-L DNA methylation status in genomic region surrounding candidate marker loci, and differentially methylated region. Figure S4. Unmasking of epigenetically silenced genes by demethylating agent and histone deacethylase inhibitor (common BC markers). Figure S5. Unmasking of epigenetically silenced genes by demethylating agent and histone deacethylase inhibitor (luminal-dominant markers). Figure S6. Relationship between ACTB and the new panel of internal control markers. Figure S7. A-C ROC curves and ddMSP data of 12 methylation markers and three parameters. Figure S8. Detection index and age. Figure S9. ROC curves in each stage of BC. Figure S10. Distribution of detection indexes of HER-positive patients by stage. Figure S11. cfDNA concentration in HVs and patients with BC. Figure S12. A-E Determining upper and lower thresholds for positive droplets. (PPTX 12394 kb)

This file provides detailed materials and methods for this study. (DOCX 66 kb)

Laser microdissection of pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3)-immunostained FFPE specimens. Figure S2. A-B Validation analysis using large public datasets. Figure S3. A-L DNA methylation status in genomic region surrounding candidate marker loci, and differentially methylated region. Figure S4. Unmasking of epigenetically silenced genes by demethylating agent and histone deacethylase inhibitor (common BC markers). Figure S5. Unmasking of epigenetically silenced genes by demethylating agent and histone deacethylase inhibitor (luminal-dominant markers). Figure S6. Relationship between ACTB and the new panel of internal control markers. Figure S7. A-C ROC curves and ddMSP data of 12 methylation markers and three parameters. Figure S8. Detection index and age. Figure S9. ROC curves in each stage of BC. Figure S10. Distribution of detection indexes of HER-positive patients by stage. Figure S11. cfDNA concentration in HVs and patients with BC. Figure S12. A-E Determining upper and lower thresholds for positive droplets. (PPTX 12394 kb)

In the summer of 2014, lots of improvements were carried out in the J-PARC proton linac, including the ion source, the Radio Frequency Quadrupole linac (RFQ), and the medium-energy beam-transport line from the RFQ to the Drift Tube Linac (DTL) called as MEBT1. The output beam current of the ion source was upgraded from 20 to 50 mA. The previous RFQ with two RF power input ports was replaced by a newly developed RFQ with one input port. The RF power of the solid state amplifier for the rf cavities used in the MEBT1 section were upgraded; from 10 to 30 kW for both of the Buncher-1 and Buncher-2, and from 30 to 120 kW for the Chopper cavity. The old scraper used as dump of chopped beam after the Chopper cavity was also replaced by a new dump system using two scrapers; A new function of separating the chopped beam automatically to the two scrapers was developed by modifying the FPAG control program in the low level control systems. After those improvements, in the September 2014 the J-PARC linac was successfully upgraded for 50-mA beam operation. The details of the improvments, especially for the low level RF systems, will be reported in this paper., Proceedings of the 6th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2015, Richmond, VA, USA

A 125-µm-cladding 8-core fiber applicable to short-reach transmissions and compatible with conventional components is proposed. An ultra-high-density 12-MCF cable was fabricated with the proposed MCF, and error-free 8-SDM×4-WDM×25-Gb/s (800-Gb/s/fiber) transmission was demonstrated in O-band.

小売店の販売額は減少傾向にある。客単価による売上げ上昇を図る場合、買い上げ個数の増加、特に非計画購買を増やすことが重要視される。非計画購買は店内における顧客行動に影響されるため、「Agent-Based In-Store Simulator（以下ABISS)」を用いた、エージェント・ベースによるシミュレーションで店内顧客動線分析を行なってきた。現在は、データ提供を受けているスーパーにRFIDが導入されｍ店舗内顧客行動のシミュレーション精度の上昇が見込まれている。将来的には、商品が一番売れる最適店内環境を、店の売上データ・顧客動線分析結果より導き出せるようになる。