Search

Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is pivotal for the regulation of cancerogenesis and inflammation. However, its involvement in pregnancy processes such as fetal and placental development remains to be elucidated. We studied Ybx1 (YB-1)+/&minus, heterozygous intercrossings and compared them to YB-1+/+ wild-type (WT) combinations. Additionally, we generated trophoblast-specific YB-1-deficient mice by pairing FVB Cyp19-Cre females to YB-1fl/fl males. YB-1fl/fl-paired FVB WT females served as controls. Serial in vivo ultrasound measurements were performed to assess fetal and placental parameters. After sacrificing the females, implantation and abortion rates were recorded, spiral artery (SA) remodeling was analyzed and fetal and placental weights were determined. Compared to YB-1+/+ counterparts, YB-1+/&minus, females showed reduced implantation areas at gestation day (GD)10, insufficiently remodeled SAs at GD12, increased placental diameter/thickness ratios at GD14 and reduced placental and fetal weights at GD14. Compared to WT, Cyp19-Cre females with YB-1-deficient placentas showed reduced implantation areas at GD8, 10 and 12, decreased placental areas and diameters at GD10 and 12, diminished placental thicknesses at GD12, as well as reduced placental weights at GD12 and 14. In conclusion, our data suggest haploinsufficiency of YB-1 resulting in disturbed fetal and placental development. Moreover, we provide the first evidence for the relevance of trophoblast-specific YB-1 for placentation.

Figure S1. mRNA expression of ETS transcription factors and downstream targets in tumor tissue. Figure S2. Expression of Ets-factors and TERT in TCGA RNA sequencing data sets. Figure S3. Evaluation of TP53 and CDKN2A/Rb signaling pathways. Figure S4. Activation levels of MEK, ERK and ETS1. Figure S5. Anti-proliferative effects of BRAF inhibitors. Figure S6. Inhibition of TERT expression upon vemurafenib treatment. Figure S7. ETS1 inhibition upon vemurafenib treatment. Figure S8. Changes in expression patterns in patient tissue upon targeted treatment. Figure S9. Ectopic TERT re-expression partly rescues double-mutant glioma cells from YK-4-279- mediated cytotoxicity. Figure S10. Combined BRAF and Ets-factor inhibition. (PDF 786 kb)

Table S1. Antibodies. Table S2. Primers. Table S3. Histopathological, molecular and clinical parameters of the Vienna patient cohort. (DOCX 16 kb)

Table S1. Antibodies. Table S2. Primers. Table S3. Histopathological, molecular and clinical parameters of the Vienna patient cohort. (DOCX 16 kb)

Figure S1. mRNA expression of ETS transcription factors and downstream targets in tumor tissue. Figure S2. Expression of Ets-factors and TERT in TCGA RNA sequencing data sets. Figure S3. Evaluation of TP53 and CDKN2A/Rb signaling pathways. Figure S4. Activation levels of MEK, ERK and ETS1. Figure S5. Anti-proliferative effects of BRAF inhibitors. Figure S6. Inhibition of TERT expression upon vemurafenib treatment. Figure S7. ETS1 inhibition upon vemurafenib treatment. Figure S8. Changes in expression patterns in patient tissue upon targeted treatment. Figure S9. Ectopic TERT re-expression partly rescues double-mutant glioma cells from YK-4-279- mediated cytotoxicity. Figure S10. Combined BRAF and Ets-factor inhibition. (PDF 786 kb)

The report considers the following aspects: 1. The arguments that two Danish municipalities mention in relation to using, or choosing not to use, organic ingredients in school meal systems. 2. The reasons for school meal companies to use, or not to use, organic ingredients in their production as well as the challenges they meet in relation to organic food. In relation to analyzing how the municipalities organize the school meal systems, we include issues such as the most common arguments used to legitimize their choice of meal system, objectives, involvement of users, most relevant decision makers etc. In the case of school meal companies, the project includes an analysis of barriers such as economy, supply of organic ingredients, structural conditions, cooperation with municipalities etc.

This report is the first mapping of the activities and state-of-the-art on public organic food procurement for youth. The report, on the Danish activities, comes together with similar reports from Finland, Italy and Norway. These four reports will inform a comparative analysis conducted by DTU in workpackage 2 of the iPOPY project. The major focus of the reports is school meals and the use of and potentials for organic products in this setting. But also other important settings than schools are included. The perspectives of the reports are on the policies and the policy processes influencing the extension of organic school meals. The report is produced within the project “innovative Public Organic food Procurement for Youth”, iPOPY, and will be updated and revised during the project period (2007-2010).