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It is important to encourage parental acceptance of children's vaccination against COVID-19 to ensure population immunity and mitigate morbidity and mortality. This study drew upon protection motivation theory (PMT) to explore the factors of parental hesitancy about vaccinating their children. A national online survey was performed in China. A total of 2054 Chinese parents of children aged 6-12 years were included in this study. They reported on measures that assessed hesitancy about children's vaccination against COVID-19, PMT constructs (susceptibility, severity, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response costs) and sociodemographic characteristics. Chinese parents reported a hesitancy rate of 29.4% for children's vaccination. Parents with higher level education were more likely to hesitate to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. After controlling for parents' and children's demographic variables, logistic regression showed that parents' hesitancy about their children's vaccination increased if parents had lower levels of susceptibility, response efficacy or self-efficacy, as well as higher levels of response costs. In addition, a high educational level can significantly increase the promotive effect of response cost and the protective effect of response efficacy on vaccine hesitancy. In conclusion, our findings suggested that PMT can explain parents' vaccine hesitancy and that education level can modify the effect of copying appraisal, but not threat appraisal, on parental hesitancy. This study will help public health officials send targeted messages to parents to improve the rate of COVID-19 vaccination in children aged 6-12 years and thus reach a higher level of immunity in the population.

As early as 1910, Weyl gave a classification of the singular Sturm–Liouville equation, and divided it into the Limit Point Case and the Limit Circle Case at infinity. This led to the study of singular Sturm–Liouville spectrum theory. With the development of applications, the importance of singular Sturm–Liouville problems with a weighted function becomes more and more significant. This paper focuses on the study of singular Sturm–Liouville problems with a weighted function. Finally, an example of singular Sturm–Liouville problems with a weighted function is given.

Improving urban ecological efficiency is an integral part of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. We used the super-efficiency slacks-based model with unexpected output to measure the ecological efficiency of 62 prefecture-level cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2018. Its spatial distribution characteristics and convergence are discussed. The influencing factors and spatial spillovers of the ecological efficiency are assessed through the spatial Dubin model. The results show that: 1) The ecological efficiency is highest in cities in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin, mid-level in the upper reaches, and lowest in the middle reaches. 2) There is no σ convergence in the ecological efficiency of the Yellow River Basin, but there is absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence. 3) Economic development, financial development, and technological innovation significantly promote ecological efficiency, and the spatial spillover effects are significant. Increased connection with the outside world can significantly improve ecological efficiency, but there is no apparent spatial spillover effect for these connections. The industrial structure and urbanization rate reduced ecological efficiency and have a significant negative spillover effect. The energy consumption structure reduces the level of ecological efficiency, and the spillover effect is not significant.

In recent years, with the development of various knowledge bases, the fusion of multi-source knowledge bases is a hot and difficult problem facing the field of knowledge fusion. Due to the large differences in knowledge base structure, the efficiency and accuracy of fusion are not high. Proposed Graph Structure Fusion, a totally new knowledge fusion method based on PR(PageRank) algorithm and feature selection. This method constructs a network graph for entity content. The PR value of each node is used to determine the closeness of the relationship with the target word, and the PR value is used to select Relevant entities, excluding irrelevant entities to improve computing efficiency, and then from the perspective of graph structure, fusion of multi-source knowledge base. Experiments show that the average precision of the algorithm is 92.8%.

Knowledge fusion is an important part of constructing a knowledge graph. In recent years, with the development of major knowledge bases, the integration of multi-source knowledge bases is the focus and difficulty in the field of knowledge fusion. Due to the large differences in knowledge base structure, the efficiency and accuracy of fusion are not high. In response to this problem, this paper proposes MEFE (Multi-fEature Knowledge Fusion and Evaluation Method) based on BERT. MEFE comprehensively considers the attributes, descriptions and category characteristics of entities to perform knowledge fusion on multi-source knowledge bases. Firstly, MEFE uses entity category tags to build a category dictionary. Then, it vectorizes the category tags based on the dictionary and clusters the entities according to the category tags. Finally it uses BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers) to calculate the entity similarity for the entity pairs in the same group. We calculate entity redundancy rate and information loss rate of knowledge base according to the fusion result, so as to evaluate the quality of the knowledge base. Experiments show that MEFE effectively improves the efficiency of knowledge fusion through clustering, and the use of BERT promotes the accuracy of fusion.

Reformulation strategies to reduce the energy density of commonly consumed foods and beverages are intended to support weight management, but expectations generated by labelling these as &lsquo, healthier&rsquo, alternatives can have unintended effects on the product&rsquo, s sensory evaluations and consumption behaviours. We compared the impact of four different strategies for presenting a lower-calorie beverage to consumers on product perceptions, short-term appetite and energy intake. Participants (N = 112) consumed higher- (211 kcal/portion) and lower-calorie (98 kcal/portion) fixed-portion soymilks in the morning across two test days, with the lower-calorie version presented in one of four contexts varying in label information and sensory quality: (1) sensory-matched/unlabelled, (2) sensory-matched/labelled, (3) sensory-reduced (less sweet and creamy)/labelled, and (4) sensory-enhanced (sweeter and creamier)/labelled. The label was Singapore&rsquo, s Healthier Choice Symbol, which also highlighted that the soymilk was lower calorie. Changes in reported appetite, ad libitum lunch intake, and self-reported intake for the rest of the text day were recorded. Results indicated that total energy intake was consistently lower on the days the lower calorie beverages were consumed, regardless of how they were presented. However, the &lsquo, healthier choice&rsquo, label increased hunger prior to lunch and reduced the soymilks&rsquo, perceived thickness and sweetness compared to the same unlabelled version. Increasing the product&rsquo, s sensory intensity successfully maintained liking, experienced sensory quality and appetite. Results suggest that food companies wanting to explicitly label product reformulations could combine messages of &lsquo, lower calorie&rsquo, and &lsquo, with appropriate taste and texture enhancements to maintain acceptance and avoid negative effects on appetite.